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Coordinates: 46°15′31″N 26°46′09″E / 46.25861°N 26.76917°E / 46.25861; 26.76917
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|county = Bacău
|county = Bacău
| official_name = Onești
| official_name = Onești
⚫
| image_flag = Flag Onești.jpg
⚫
| population_total = auto
⚫
| image_shield = ROU BC Onesti CoA1.jpg
⚫
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 300
| image_style = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/1
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Onesti_seen_from_Perchiu_hill.jpg
⚫
| caption1 = View from Perchiu Hill
| image2 = Monumentul_Eroilor_Onesti.jpg
| caption2 = Heroes Monument
| image3 = Fântână_Onesti.jpg
| caption3 = Salt Crystal artesian well
| image4 = Borzesti_Side_view.jpg
| caption4 = Borzești Church
}}
| image_caption =
| image_location =
| image_map = Onesti jud Bacau.png
| image_map = Onesti jud Bacau.png
| map_caption = Location in Bacău County
| map_caption = Location in Bacău County
⚫
| leader_name = Victor-Laurențiu Neghină<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onesti.ro/index.php/primar|title=Primar|publisher=Onești City Hall|website=www.onesti.ro|access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref>
⚫
| image_skyline = Onesti_seen_from_Perchiu_hill.jpg
⚫
| image_caption = View from Perchiu Hill
⚫
| image_shield = ROU BC Onesti CoA1.jpg
⚫
| image_flag = Flag Oneşti.JPG
⚫
| leader_name = Victor-Laurențiu Neghină<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onesti.ro/index.php/primar|title=Primar|publisher=Onești City Hall|website=www.onesti.ro|access-date=April 11, 2021}}</ref>
| leader_party = PMP
| leader_party = PMP
| term = 2020&ndash;2024
| term = 2020&ndash;2024
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| elevation_min = 180
| elevation_min = 180
| elevation_max = 398
| elevation_max = 398
⚫
| population_total = auto
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
| postal_code = 601003–601159
| postal_code = 601003–601159
| area_code =
| area_code = (+40) 02 34
| website = {{url|www.onesti.ro}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.onesti.ro/}}
}}
}}


'''Onești''' ({{IPA-ro|oˈneʃtʲ}}; {{lang-hu|Ónfalva}}) is a [[municipiu|city]] in [[Bacău County]], Romania, with a population of 39,172 inhabitants. It is situated in the historical region of [[Western Moldavia|Moldavia]].
'''Onești''' ({{IPA|ro|oˈneʃtʲ}}; {{langx|hu|Ónfalva}}), formerly known as '''Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej''',<ref name=":0" /> is a [[municipiu|city]] in [[Bacău County]], Romania, with a population of 34,005 inhabitants as of 2021. It is situated in the historical region of [[Western Moldavia|Moldavia]].


Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and Borzești form part of Onești.
Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and Borzești form part of Onești.
Line 33: Line 48:
==History==
==History==
[[File:Ansamblu urban, centrul comercial al orașului – Blocuri de locuit, vedere de ansamblu.jpg|thumb|left|Onești in 1965]]
[[File:Ansamblu urban, centrul comercial al orașului – Blocuri de locuit, vedere de ansamblu.jpg|thumb|left|Onești in 1965]]
The locality was documentary attested as a village on December 14, 1458. In 1952, the [[Communist Romania|communist authorities]] decided to build a large petrochemical industrial platform ([[Borzești Petrochemical Plant]]) and a new related city in the area of Onești and Borzești villages. Borzești, according to legend, was the birthplace of [[Stephen III of Moldavia]]. It is the site of the [[Borzești Church]], which was built on his orders in 1493–1494.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Monografia Municipiului Onești – în date și evenimente|last=Rozalia & Teodor Verde|date=July 2003|location=Onești|pages=12}}</ref>
The locality was documentary attested as a village on 14 December 1458. In 1952, the [[Communist Romania|communist authorities]] decided to build a large petrochemical industrial platform ([[Borzești Petrochemical Plant]]) and a new related city in the area of Onești and Borzești villages. Borzești, according to legend, was the birthplace of [[Stephen III of Moldavia]]. It is the site of the [[Borzești Church]], which was built on his orders in 1493–1494.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Monografia Municipiului Onești – în date și evenimente|last=Rozalia & Teodor Verde|date=July 2003|location=Onești|pages=12}}</ref>


At the death of the [[Communist]] leader [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] in March 1965, Onești was [[List of places in Romania whose names were changed|renamed]] ''Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej'', but the name was changed back in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Onesti|title=Onești {{!}} Romania|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-04-25}}</ref>
At the death of the [[Communist]] leader [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] in March 1965, Onești was [[List of places in Romania whose names were changed|renamed]] ''Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej'', but the name was changed back in 1990<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Onesti|title=Onești {{!}} Romania|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-04-25}}</ref> shortly after the [[Romanian Revolution]].


Above the borough Malu, on the right-hand side of the river Cașin, were discovered archaeological fragments from a settlement dating from the Neolithic.
Above the borough Malu, on the right-hand side of the river Cașin, were discovered archaeological fragments from a settlement dating from the Neolithic.
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clear
clear
|source = Census data
|source = Census data
|1930 |3828
|1956 |11253
|1956 |11253
|1966 |35663
|1966 |35663
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|2002 |51681
|2002 |51681
|2011 |39172
|2011 |39172
|2021 |34005
}}
}}
At the [[2011 Romanian census|2011 census]], Onești had 39,172 inhabitants, of which 90.29% were [[Romanians]], 1.39% [[Romani people in Romania|Roma]], 0.53% [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]], and 0.13% [[Greeks in Romania|Greeks]]. At the [[2021 Romanian census|2021 census]], the city had a population of 34,005; of those, 79.75% were Romanians, and for 19.77% the ethnicity was not known.<ref name="RPL2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Tabel-1.03_1.3.1-si-1.03.2.xls|title=Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Romania)|INSSE]]|language=ro|date=31 May 2023}}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
Line 68: Line 86:


==Culture==
==Culture==
[[Saint Nicholas]] is the [[patron saint]] of the city, whose inhabitants are predominantly [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Romanian Orthodox]]. St. Nicholas Day, 6 December, is the municipal day of Onești.
[[Saint Nicholas]] is the [[patron saint]] of the city, whose inhabitants are predominantly [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Romanian Orthodox]]. St. Nicholas Day, 6 December, is the municipal day of Onești.{{fact|date=July 2024}}

⚫
Popular tourist attractions are Perchiu Hill and the Hero Cross from atop the aforementioned hill, the Municipal History Museum, a steel monument dedicated to the Romanian national poet [[Mihai Eminescu]], and the city park.{{fact|date=July 2024}}


==Mayors==
⚫
Popular tourist attractions are Perchiu Hill and the Hero Cross from atop the aforementioned hill, the Municipal History Museum, a steel monument dedicated to the Romanian national poet [[Mihai Eminescu]], and the city park.
* {{ill|Emil Lemnaru|ro}} ([[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|PSD]]), 1996–2012
* Victor-Laurențiu Neghină ([[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|PSD]]), 2012–2015
* Alexandru Cristea ([[National Union for the Progress of Romania|UNPR]]), 2015–2016
* Nicolae Gnatiuc ([[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|PSD]]), 2016–2020
* Victor-Laurențiu Neghină ([[People's Movement Party|PMP]]), 2020–2024


==Natives==
==Natives==
* [[Diana Chelaru]], gymnast
* [[Diana Chelaru]] (born 1993), gymnast
* [[Nadia Comăneci]], gymnast
* [[Nadia Comăneci]] (born 1961), gymnast
* [[Daniel Dines]], entrepreneur
* [[Daniel Dines]] (born 1972), entrepreneur
* [[Teodora Enache]], jazz singer
* [[Teodora Enache]] (born 1967), jazz singer
* [[Georgeta Gabor]], gymnast
* [[Georgeta Gabor]] (born 1962), gymnast
* [[Loredana Groza]], singer
* [[Loredana Groza]] (born 1970), singer
* [[Ana Maria Pavăl]], wrestler
* [[Ana Maria Pavăl]] (born 1983), wrestler


==Twin towns and sister cities==
==Twin towns and sister cities==
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[[Category:Populated places established in the 1450s]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 1450s]]
[[Category:Populated places in Bacău County]]
[[Category:Populated places in Bacău County]]
[[Category:Planned communities in Romania]]
[[Category:Socialist planned cities]]
[[Category:Cities in Romania]]
[[Category:Cities in Romania]]
[[Category:Monotowns in Romania]]
[[Category:Monotowns in Romania]]

Latest revision as of 20:20, 2 November 2024

For other uses, see Onești (disambiguation).

Onești
Municipality
View from Perchiu Hill
Heroes Monument
Salt Crystal artesian well
Borzești Church
Flag of Onești
Flag
Coat of arms of Onești
Coat of arms
Location in Bacău County
Location in Bacău County
Onești is located in Romania
Onești
Onești
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°15′31″N 26°46′09″E / 46.25861°N 26.76917°E / 46.25861; 26.76917
CountryRomania
CountyBacău
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Victor-Laurențiu Neghină[1] (PMP)
Area
52.48 km2 (20.26 sq mi)
Elevation
210 m (690 ft)
Highest elevation
398 m (1,306 ft)
Lowest elevation
180 m (590 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
34,005
 • Density650/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
601003–601159
Area code(+40) 02 34
Vehicle reg.BC
Websitewww.onesti.ro

Onești (Romanian pronunciation: [oˈneʃtʲ]; Hungarian: Ónfalva), formerly known as Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej,[3] is a city in Bacău County, Romania, with a population of 34,005 inhabitants as of 2021. It is situated in the historical region of Moldavia.

Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and Borzești form part of Onești.

History

[edit]
Onești in 1965

The locality was documentary attested as a village on 14 December 1458. In 1952, the communist authorities decided to build a large petrochemical industrial platform (Borzești Petrochemical Plant) and a new related city in the area of Onești and Borzești villages. Borzești, according to legend, was the birthplace of Stephen III of Moldavia. It is the site of the Borzești Church, which was built on his orders in 1493–1494.[4]

At the death of the Communist leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej in March 1965, Onești was renamed Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, but the name was changed back in 1990[3] shortly after the Romanian Revolution.

Above the borough Malu, on the right-hand side of the river Cașin, were discovered archaeological fragments from a settlement dating from the Neolithic.

Geography

[edit]

Onești is located in the Tazlău-Cașin Depression of the Eastern Carpathians at an average altitude of 210 metres (690 ft).[5] It lies at the confluence of the rivers Trotuș, Cașin, Oituz, and Tazlău, some 60 km (37 mi) southwest of the county capital, Bacău. The city is crossed by the European road E574 and by the national roads DN11A and DN12A that connect it to Bucharest, to the northern part of the country, and to Transylvania. Rail connections are made through the Căile Ferate Române network, and the proposed A13 Brașov–Bacău Motorway will link the city to the rest of Romania's highway network as a second connection to the country's major cities.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1930 3,828—    
1956 11,253+194.0%
1966 35,663+216.9%
1977 41,738+17.0%
1992 58,810+40.9%
2002 51,681−12.1%
2011 39,172−24.2%
2021 34,005−13.2%
Source: Census data

At the 2011 census, Onești had 39,172 inhabitants, of which 90.29% were Romanians, 1.39% Roma, 0.53% Hungarians, and 0.13% Greeks. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 34,005; of those, 79.75% were Romanians, and for 19.77% the ethnicity was not known.[6]

Economy

[edit]

Borzești is a neighborhood in the southeast of Onești, under separate administration until 1968.[7] The Borzești Petrochemical Plant is located there.[8][9]

  • No. 10 Oil Refinery (RAFO Onești) in 1968
    No. 10 Oil Refinery (RAFO Onești) in 1968
  • Borzești Chemical Plant (Chimcomplex) in the 1960s
    Borzești Chemical Plant (Chimcomplex) in the 1960s
  • Synthetic Rubber Plant (Carom Onești)
    Synthetic Rubber Plant (Carom Onești)
  • Borzești Power Station
    Borzești Power Station
  • Hotel Trotuș in the 1980s
    Hotel Trotuș in the 1980s
  • City in the 1970s
    City in the 1970s

Culture

[edit]

Saint Nicholas is the patron saint of the city, whose inhabitants are predominantly Romanian Orthodox. St. Nicholas Day, 6 December, is the municipal day of Onești.[citation needed]

Popular tourist attractions are Perchiu Hill and the Hero Cross from atop the aforementioned hill, the Municipal History Museum, a steel monument dedicated to the Romanian national poet Mihai Eminescu, and the city park.[citation needed]

Mayors

[edit]
  • Emil Lemnaru [ro] (PSD), 1996–2012
  • Victor-Laurențiu Neghină (PSD), 2012–2015
  • Alexandru Cristea (UNPR), 2015–2016
  • Nicolae Gnatiuc (PSD), 2016–2020
  • Victor-Laurențiu Neghină (PMP), 2020–2024

Natives

[edit]

Twin towns and sister cities

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Primar". www.onesti.ro. Onești City Hall. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  2. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. ^ a b "Onești | Romania". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  4. ^ Rozalia & Teodor Verde (July 2003). Monografia Municipiului Onești – în date și evenimente. Onești. p. 12.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ "Anuarul statistic al județului Bacău" (PDF). INSSE. 2019. p. 27.
  6. ^ "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
  7. ^ Rozalia & Teodor Verde (July 2003). Monografia Municipiului Onești – în date și evenimente. Onești. p. 51.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ^ Ioan Șandru, Constantin V. Toma, Nicu Aur (1989). Orașele Trotușene – Studiu de geografie umană II. Bacău: Întreprinderea Poligrafică Bacău. p. 190.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Pintilie, Rusu (1980). Județele Patriei – Județul Bacău. Sport-Turism București. p. 158.
  10. ^ "Municipiul Onești s-a înfrățit cu orașul Streșeni din Republica Moldova". Timpul (in Romanian). 23 August 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
[edit]
  • Media related to Onești at Wikimedia Commons
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