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[[File:Liu Bei.jpg|thumb|Statue of [[Liu Bei]] in the temple of [[Zhuge Liang]], [[Chengdu]] ([[China]])]] |
[[File:Liu Bei.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Statue of [[Liu Bei]] in the temple of [[Zhuge Liang]], [[Chengdu]] ([[China]])]] |
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Year '''221''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Gratus and Vitellius''' (or, less frequently, '''year 974 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 221 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
Year '''221''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Gratus and Vitellius''' (or, less frequently, '''year 974 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 221 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
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==== Roman Empire ==== |
==== Roman Empire ==== |
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* [[June 26]] – Emperor [[Elagabalus]] adopts his cousin [[Alexander Severus]] as his heir and receives the title of [[Caesar (title)|Caesar]]. |
* [[June 26]] – Emperor [[Elagabalus]] adopts his cousin [[Alexander Severus]] as his heir, and receives the title of [[Caesar (title)|Caesar]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dion Cassius |title=Emperors and usurpers: an historical commentary on Cassius Dio's Roman history books 79(78)-80(80)-(A.D. 217-229) |last2=Scott |first2=Andrew G. |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-087960-0 |series=American classical studies |location=New York (N.Y.) |pages=106}}</ref> |
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* July – Elagabalus is forced to divorce [[Aquilia Severa]] and marries his third wife [[Annia Faustina]]. After five months he returns to Severa and claims that the original divorce is invalid. The marriage is symbolic, because Elagabalus appears to be [[homosexual]] or [[bisexual]]. According to the historian [[Cassius Dio]], he has a stable relationship with his [[chariot]] driver, the slave [[Hierocles (charioteer)|Hierocles]]. |
* [[July]] – Elagabalus is forced to divorce [[Aquilia Severa]], and marries his third wife [[Annia Faustina]]. After five months he returns to Severa, and claims that the original divorce is invalid. The marriage is symbolic, because Elagabalus appears to be [[homosexual]] or [[bisexual]]. According to the historian [[Cassius Dio]], he has a stable relationship with his [[chariot]] driver, the slave [[Hierocles (charioteer)|Hierocles]]. |
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==== Asia ==== |
==== Asia ==== |
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* [[May 15]] – [[Liu Bei]], Chinese warlord and descendant of the |
* [[May 15]] – [[Liu Bei]], Chinese warlord and descendant of the imperial clan of the [[Han dynasty]], proclaims himself emperor in [[Chengdu]], [[Sichuan]], and establishes the state of [[Shu Han]]. |
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</onlyinclude> |
</onlyinclude> |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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* [[Liu Ling (poet)|Liu Ling]], Chinese poet and scholar (d. [[300]]) |
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* [[Yang Hu]], general of the [[Jin Dynasty (265–420)|Jaén Dynasty]] (d. [[278|28)]]<nowiki/>a |
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* [[ |
* [[Yang Hu]], Chinese general and politician (d. [[278]]) |
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== Deaths == |
== Deaths == |
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* [[August 4]] – [[Lady Zhen]] |
* [[August 4]] – [[Lady Zhen]], Chinese noblewoman (b. [[183]]) |
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* [[Dong He]] (or '''Youzai'''), Chinese official and politician |
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* [[Gongsun Kang]], general of [[Cao Wei|Wei]] |
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* [[Mi Zhu]], |
* [[Mi Zhu]], Chinese general and politician (b. [[165]]) |
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* [[Yu Jin]], general under [[Cao Cao]] |
* [[Yu Jin]], Chinese general serving under [[Cao Cao]] |
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* [[Zhang Fei]], general |
* [[Zhang Fei]], Chinese general and politician |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Latest revision as of 21:40, 3 November 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2024) |
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 221 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 221 CCXXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 974 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4971 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 142–143 |
| Bengali calendar | −372 |
| Berber calendar | 1171 |
| Buddhist calendar | 765 |
| Burmese calendar | −417 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5729–5730 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚子年 (Metal Rat) 2918 or 2711 — to — 辛丑年 (Metal Ox) 2919 or 2712 |
| Coptic calendar | −63 – −62 |
| Discordian calendar | 1387 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 213–214 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3981–3982 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 277–278 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 142–143 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3321–3322 |
| Holocene calendar | 10221 |
| Iranian calendar | 401 BP – 400 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 413 BH – 412 BH |
| Javanese calendar | 99–100 |
| Julian calendar | 221 CCXXI |
| Korean calendar | 2554 |
| Minguo calendar | 1691 before ROC 民前1691年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1247 |
| Seleucid era | 532/533 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 763–764 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳金鼠年 (male Iron-Rat) 347 or −34 or −806 — to — 阴金牛年 (female Iron-Ox) 348 or −33 or −805 |
Year 221 (CCXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Gratus and Vitellius (or, less frequently, year 974 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 221 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Roman Empire
[edit]- June 26 – Emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir, and receives the title of Caesar.[1]
- July – Elagabalus is forced to divorce Aquilia Severa, and marries his third wife Annia Faustina. After five months he returns to Severa, and claims that the original divorce is invalid. The marriage is symbolic, because Elagabalus appears to be homosexual or bisexual. According to the historian Cassius Dio, he has a stable relationship with his chariot driver, the slave Hierocles.
Asia
[edit]- May 15 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord and descendant of the imperial clan of the Han dynasty, proclaims himself emperor in Chengdu, Sichuan, and establishes the state of Shu Han.
Births
[edit]Deaths
[edit]- August 4 – Lady Zhen, Chinese noblewoman (b. 183)
- Dong He (or Youzai), Chinese official and politician
- Mi Zhu, Chinese general and politician (b. 165)
- Yu Jin, Chinese general serving under Cao Cao
- Zhang Fei, Chinese general and politician
References
[edit]- ^ Dion Cassius; Scott, Andrew G. (2018). Emperors and usurpers: an historical commentary on Cassius Dio's Roman history books 79(78)-80(80)-(A.D. 217-229). American classical studies. New York (N.Y.): Oxford University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-19-087960-0.