Ameraucana: Difference between revisions
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| standard = [http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/standard.html APA (abridged)] |
| standard = [https://web.archive.org/web/20190726130830/http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/standard.html APA (abridged)] |
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The '''Ameraucana''' is an American [[breed]] of domestic [[chicken]]. It was developed in the United States in the 1970s |
The '''Ameraucana''' is an American [[breed]] of domestic [[chicken]]. It was developed in the United States in the 1970s, and derives from [[Araucana]] chickens brought from Chile. It was bred to retain the blue-egg gene but eliminate the [[lethal allele]]s of the parent breed. There are both standard-sized and [[Bantam (chicken)|bantam]] versions.{{r|apa}} |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The Ameraucana was developed in the United States in the 1970s from [[Araucana]] chickens brought from Chile.{{r|ekarius|damerow|page=37|page2=11}} It was bred to retain the unusual blue-egg gene of the Araucana, but eliminate the tufted and rumpless [[lethal allele]]s of the parent breed.{{r|ekarius|page=37}} It was added to the [[American Standard of Perfection|Standard of Perfection]] of the [[American Poultry Association]] in 1984.{{r|apa}} The name derives from "America" and "Araucana".{{r|ekarius|page=37}} |
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The Ameraucana was developed in the United States in the 1970s, bred up from easter eggers (blue egg laying mongrels) and standardized into a breed.<ref>http://backyardpoultry.iamcountryside.com/chickens-101/all-about-ameraucana-chickens/</ref> The first true breeding Ameraucana that met all points of the eventual Standard was developed by Mike Gilbert in Iowa, the Wheaten bantam. <ref>Ameraucana Alliance Handbook, 6th Edition, 2018, p. 12</ref> He was joined in his effort by Don Cable, and they formed the Ameraucana Bantam Club in 1978.<ref>http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/history.html</ref> After several more varieties were created by Mike Gilbert and Jerry Segler, the breed was admitted by the American Bantam Association in 1980 in two varieties, i.e., Wheaten and White. Six more varieties were accepted by the ABA in 1983 following a qualifying meet in Ohio. Following that meet, the American Poultry Association recognized the same eight bantam varieties in 1984, along with large fowl Ameraucanas in those same varieties. No successful qualifying meet was ever held for the large fowl. Club members then set about creating large fowl Ameraucanas in the eight varieties. At that time the club name was changed to Ameraucana Breeders Club. John Blehm, Wayne Meredith, Jerry Segler, Mike Gilbert and others bred the large fowl up to Standard requirements. In the early 1970's all chickens in the United States that laid blue eggs were referred to as "Araucanas." This is because the name Araucana is derived from the region in Chile where the first tufted and rumpless blue egg laying chickens were imported from into the United States in the 1920's.<ref>https://archive.org/stream/NationalGeographic201505/National%20Geographic%201948-09%20094-3%20Sep#page/n103/mode/2up</ref> But there were many groups with differing nonstandard birds pushing for their blue egg laying birds to be admitted under a breed standard with that name. The ABA had recognized both tailed and rumpless Araucanas. The American Poultry Association, however, admitted '''only''' the tufted and rumpless chicken as Araucana in 1976. This was done despite no successful qualifying meet having been held. Consequently, the breeders actively working toward breeding "Araucanas" with tails and beards and muffs were forced to change the name, so in the spring of 1979 the club voted to name their breed "Ameraucana" over "American Araucana" in a 9 to 5 vote.<ref>http://ameraucanaalliance.org/forum/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=428.0;attach=1028</ref> At no time were Ameraucanas derived directly from Araucanas<ref>http://ameraucana.org/FAQ</ref>, though this misconception persists because groups of people with different looking birds were using the same name prior to and even after the APA's recognition of only the tufted and rumpless bird as "Araucana" in 1976. In 2015, in a dispute over the conduct of an election of officers, John Blehm, Mike Gilbert and many of the other earliest members split off and formed the club [http://ameraucanaalliance.org/ Ameraucana Alliance]. There are currently two Ameraucana clubs in the United States that operate independently of each other, the [http://ameraucanaalliance.org/ Ameraucana Alliance] and the [http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/ Ameraucana Breeders Club]. In 2018, Mehmet Özgen founded [https://www.ameraucanaturkey.com Ameraucana Club Turkey].<ref>https://www.ameraucanaturkey.com/</ref> In March of 2018, the Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture (EE) recognized Ameraucanas as a breed for all of its 27 member countries.<ref>http://www.entente-ee.com/wp-content/uploads/EE-Verzeichnis-RF-H%C3%BChner-2019.xlsx?fbclid=IwAR157Y9XrLG9-hsxpTHfGorkXVSgLjwoADNH8kz6dY3Qchyu7JuTZWSdGNg</ref> |
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The Ameraucana is recognized in the United States as a separate breed from the Araucana. In some other countries, including Australia and the United Kingdom, both the tailed and rumpless variants of the Araucana are considered a single breed.{{r|damerow|page=11}} |
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== Characteristics == |
== Characteristics == |
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The Ameraucana is one of the few chicken breeds to lay blue eggs.{{r|damerow|page=11}} It shows many similarities to the Araucana, including the pea [[comb (anatomy)|comb]] and the blue egg gene. It is tailed, muffed and bearded, whereas the Araucana in the United States has tufts and is rumpless.{{r|blehm}} The earlobes are small and round, the [[wattle (anatomy)|wattles]] small or absent; earlobes, comb and wattles are all red. The shanks are slate-blue, tending to black in the black plumage variant.{{r|ekarius|page=37}} |
The Ameraucana is one of the few chicken breeds to lay blue eggs.{{r|damerow|page=11}} It shows many similarities to the Araucana, including the pea [[comb (anatomy)|comb]] and the blue egg gene. It is tailed, muffed and bearded, whereas the Araucana in the United States has ear tufts and is rumpless.{{r|blehm}} The earlobes are small and round, the [[wattle (anatomy)|wattles]] small or absent; earlobes, comb and wattles are all red. The shanks are slate-blue, tending to black in the black plumage variant.{{r|ekarius|page=37}} |
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Nine [[list of chicken colours|color variants]] are recognized in the American Standard of Perfection: black, blue, blue wheaten, brown red, buff, silver, wheaten, white, and blue.{{r|apa}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist|refs= |
{{reflist|refs= |
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<ref name=apa>[ |
<ref name=apa>[http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/standard.html APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2020]. American Poultry Association. Archived 25 August 2023.</ref> |
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<ref name=blehm>John W. Blehm (2007). [http://www.backyardpoultrymag.com/john_w_blehm/ Ameraucanas]. ''Backyard Poultry'' June/July |
<ref name=blehm>John W. Blehm (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084719/http://www.backyardpoultrymag.com/john_w_blehm/ Ameraucanas]. ''Backyard Poultry'' June/July 2007. Archived 19 August 2014.</ref> |
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<ref name=damerow>{{cite book|author=Gail Damerow|title=The Chicken Encyclopedia: An Illustrated Reference|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jnl8CA3CGNkC|date=2012|publisher=Storey Publishing|place=North Adams, MA|isbn=9781603427760|page=11}}</ref> |
<ref name=damerow>{{cite book|author=Gail Damerow|author-link=Gail Damerow|title=The Chicken Encyclopedia: An Illustrated Reference|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jnl8CA3CGNkC|date=2012|publisher=Storey Publishing|place=North Adams, MA|isbn=9781603427760|page=11}}</ref> |
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<ref name=ee>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616062803/http://www.entente-ee.com/deutsch/sparten/gefluegel/dateien/2013/Verzeichnis%20R%20F%2028042013.xls Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013)]. Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.</ref> |
<ref name=ee>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616062803/http://www.entente-ee.com/deutsch/sparten/gefluegel/dateien/2013/Verzeichnis%20R%20F%2028042013.xls Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013)]. Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.</ref> |
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<ref name=ekarius>Carol Ekarius (2007). [https://archive.org/ |
<ref name=ekarius>Carol Ekarius (2007). [https://archive.org/details/Storeys_Illustrated_Guide_to_Poultry_Breeds_Complete/mode/1up ''Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds'']. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing. {{isbn|9781580176675}}. {{nobreak|p. 38–39.}}</ref> |
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<ref name=pcgb>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143235/http://www.poultryclub.org/img/Breed%20Classification.pdf Breed Classification]. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 12 June 2018.</ref> |
<ref name=pcgb>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143235/http://www.poultryclub.org/img/Breed%20Classification.pdf Breed Classification]. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 12 June 2018.</ref> |
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<ref name=roberts>Victoria Roberts (2008). [https://books.google. |
<ref name=roberts>Victoria Roberts (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=nAfyUHY42u0C ''British poultry standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain'']. Oxford: Blackwell. {{ISBN|9781405156424}}.</ref> |
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<ref name=standard>[http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/standard.html Ameraucana Breed Standard]. Ameraucana Breeders Club. |
<ref name=standard>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190726130830/http://ameraucanabreedersclub.org/standard.html Ameraucana Breed Standard]. Ameraucana Breeders Club. Archived 26 July 2019.</ref> |
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[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in the United States]] |
[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in the United States]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:48, 3 November 2024
 A Blue Ameraucana cock | |
| Country of origin | United States |
|---|---|
| Standard | APA (abridged) |
| Traits | |
| Weight | |
| Egg color | Blue in various shades |
| Comb type | Pea |
| Classification | |
| APA | All other standard breeds[2] |
| ABA | All other comb clean legged[2] |
| EE | yes[3] |
| PCGB | not listed[4][5] |
| |
The Ameraucana is an American breed of domestic chicken. It was developed in the United States in the 1970s, and derives from Araucana chickens brought from Chile. It was bred to retain the blue-egg gene but eliminate the lethal alleles of the parent breed. There are both standard-sized and bantam versions.[2]
History
[edit]The Ameraucana was developed in the United States in the 1970s from Araucana chickens brought from Chile.[6]: 37 [7]: 11 It was bred to retain the unusual blue-egg gene of the Araucana, but eliminate the tufted and rumpless lethal alleles of the parent breed.[6]: 37 It was added to the Standard of Perfection of the American Poultry Association in 1984.[2] The name derives from "America" and "Araucana".[6]: 37
The Ameraucana is recognized in the United States as a separate breed from the Araucana. In some other countries, including Australia and the United Kingdom, both the tailed and rumpless variants of the Araucana are considered a single breed.[7]: 11
Characteristics
[edit]The Ameraucana is one of the few chicken breeds to lay blue eggs.[7]: 11 It shows many similarities to the Araucana, including the pea comb and the blue egg gene. It is tailed, muffed and bearded, whereas the Araucana in the United States has ear tufts and is rumpless.[8] The earlobes are small and round, the wattles small or absent; earlobes, comb and wattles are all red. The shanks are slate-blue, tending to black in the black plumage variant.[6]: 37
Nine color variants are recognized in the American Standard of Perfection: black, blue, blue wheaten, brown red, buff, silver, wheaten, white, and blue.[2]
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ameraucana.
- ^ a b c d Ameraucana Breed Standard. Ameraucana Breeders Club. Archived 26 July 2019.
- ^ a b c d e APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2020. American Poultry Association. Archived 25 August 2023.
- ^ Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013). Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.
- ^ Breed Classification. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 12 June 2018.
- ^ Victoria Roberts (2008). British poultry standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 9781405156424.
- ^ a b c d Carol Ekarius (2007). Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing. ISBN 9781580176675. p. 38–39.
- ^ a b c Gail Damerow (2012). The Chicken Encyclopedia: An Illustrated Reference. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 9781603427760.
- ^ John W. Blehm (2007). Ameraucanas. Backyard Poultry June/July 2007. Archived 19 August 2014.