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{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox nobility|
{{Infobox noble|
| name =Spytek z Melsztyna
| name =Spytek z Melsztyna
| image =
| image =Spytek III Melsztyński (1398-1439).png
| caption =
| caption =
| spouse =[[Beatrycza Szamotulska]]
| spouse =[[Beatrycza Szamotulska]]
| issue =[[Dorota Tarnowska-Melsztynska|Dorota Tarnowska-Melsztyńska]]<br>[[Jan Tarnowski-Melsztynski|Jan Tarnowski-Melsztyński]]<br>[[Spytek Tarnowski-Melsztynski|Spytek Tarnowski-Melsztyński]]
| issue =[[Dorota Tarnowska-Melsztynska|Dorota Tarnowska-Melsztyńska]]<br />[[Jan Tarnowski-Melsztynski|Jan Tarnowski-Melsztyński]]<br />[[Spytek Tarnowski-Melsztynski|Spytek Tarnowski-Melsztyński]]
| full name =
| full name =
| CoA =[[Leliwa coat of arms|Leliwa]]
| CoA =[[Leliwa coat of arms|Leliwa]]
| noble family =[[Tarnowski]]
| noble family =[[Tarnowski family|Tarnowski]]
| father =[[Spytko II of Melsztyn]]
| father =[[Spytko II of Melsztyn]]
| mother =[[Elizabeth Lackfi]]
| mother =[[Elizabeth Lackfi]]
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| birth_place =
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age |1439|5|5 |1398 |df=yes}}
| death_date = {{death date and age |1439|5|5 |1398 |df=yes}}
| death_place =[[Battle of Grotniki]]<br>[[Grotniki Duże]], [[Poland]]
| death_place =[[Battle of Grotniki]]<br />[[Grotniki Duże]], [[Poland]]
|}}
|}}
'''Spytek of Melsztyn''' ({{lang-pl|Spytek z Melsztyna}}, 1398–1439), also known as '''Spytko''', was a member of the [[Poland|Polish]] [[Szlachta|nobility]] and a strong supporter of Polish cooperation with the [[Hussite]] movement.
'''Spytek of Melsztyn''' ({{langx|pl|Spytek z Melsztyna}}, 1398–1439), also known as '''Spytko''', was a member of the [[Poland|Polish]] [[Szlachta|nobility]] and a strong supporter of Polish cooperation with the [[Hussite]] movement.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Spytek was the owner of [[Melsztyn]] estates and a [[castellan]] of [[Biecz]].<ref name=onet/> He was the son of [[Spytek of Melsztyn (voivode)|Spytek of Melsztyn]], voivode of Kraków.<ref name=onet/>
Spytek was the owner of [[Melsztyn]] estates and a [[castellan]] of [[Biecz]].<ref name=onet/> He was the son of [[Spytek of Melsztyn (voivode)|Spytek of Melsztyn]], voivode of Kraków.<ref name=onet/>


He supported the plan for [[Władysław II Jagiełło]]'s acceptance of the Czech crown from the [[Hussite]]'s.<ref name="Lerski1996"/> He supported pro-[[Hussite]] military expeditions of [[Sigismund Korybut]] to [[Bohemia]] in the years 1422-1427.<ref name=onet>http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/41057,,,,spytek_z_melsztyna,haslo.html</ref> After Jagiełło's death in 1434 he was the leader of the opposition against the political influences of [[List of Roman Catholic bishops of Kraków|Bishop of Kraków]], [[Zbigniew Oleśnicki (cardinal)|Zbigniew Oleśnicki]] during the early years of the reign of young [[List of Polish monarchs|King]] [[Władysław III of Poland|Władysław III]].<ref name="Lerski1996">{{cite book|author=Jerzy Jan Lerski|title=Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QTUTqE2difgC&pg=PA563|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-26007-0|page=563}}</ref> Spytek's opposition to Oleśnicki was less personal and more an expression of sympathy with Czech [[Hussitism]], and of opposition to the wealth and influence of the [[Catholic Church in Poland]].<ref name="Stone" /> During Church synods of Warka (1434), Sieradz and Piotrkow (1435) he spoke in favor of the abolishing of the [[Peter's Pence]] in Poland.<ref name="Lerski1996"/>
He supported the plan for [[Władysław II Jagiełło]]'s acceptance of the Czech crown from the [[Hussite]]s.<ref name="Lerski1996"/> He supported pro-[[Hussite]] military expeditions of [[Sigismund Korybut]] to [[Bohemia]] in the years 1422-1427.<ref name=onet>{{cite web |url=http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/41057,,,,spytek_z_melsztyna,haslo.html |title=Spytek z Melsztyna - WIEM, darmowa encyklopedia |website=portalwiedzy.onet.pl |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717034300/http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/41057,,,,spytek_z_melsztyna,haslo.html |archive-date=2010-07-17}} </ref> After Jagiełło's death in 1434 he was the leader of the opposition against the political influences of [[List of Roman Catholic bishops of Kraków|Bishop of Kraków]], [[Zbigniew Oleśnicki (cardinal)|Zbigniew Oleśnicki]] during the early years of the reign of young [[List of Polish monarchs|King]] [[Władysław III of Poland|Władysław III]].<ref name="Lerski1996">{{cite book|author=Jerzy Jan Lerski|title=Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QTUTqE2difgC&pg=PA563|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-26007-0|page=563}}</ref> Spytek's opposition to Oleśnicki was less personal and more an expression of sympathy with Czech [[Hussitism]], and of opposition to the wealth and influence of the [[Catholic Church in Poland]].<ref name="Stone" /> During Church synods of Warka (1434), Sieradz and Piotrkow (1435) he spoke in favor of the abolishing of the [[Peter's Pence]] in Poland.<ref name="Lerski1996"/>


In 1439 he organized the [[Korczyn Confederation]] (also known as "Confederation of Spytko of Melsztyn") against Oleśnicki.<ref name="Lerski1996"/> This was a reaction to Oleśnicki 's formation of an earlier anti-Hussite confederation there.<ref name=onet/> His actions were condemned by the royal court, and he lost much support.<ref name=onet/> Following a military escalation of the conflict, he died in the [[Battle of Grotniki]] on 4 May 1439.<ref name="Penson">{{cite book|author1=Oskar Halecki |author2=W: F. Reddaway |author3=J. H. Penson |title=The Cambridge History of Poland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N883AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA237|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-1-00-128802-4|page=237}}</ref><ref name="Jaques2007">{{cite book|author=Tony Jaques|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA412|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33538-9|page=412}}</ref> Spytek's defeat meant also the defeat of the Hussite cause in Poland.<ref name="Penson"/><ref name="Jaques2007"/>
In 1439 he organized the [[Korczyn Confederation]] (also known as "Confederation of Spytko of Melsztyn") against Oleśnicki.<ref name="Lerski1996"/> This was a reaction to Oleśnicki 's formation of an earlier [[Polish Inquisition|anti-Hussite]] confederation there.<ref name=onet/> His actions were condemned by the royal court, and he lost much support.<ref name=onet/> Following a military escalation of the conflict, he died in the [[Battle of Grotniki]] on 4 May 1439.<ref name="Penson">{{cite book|author1=Oskar Halecki |author2=W: F. Reddaway |author3=J. H. Penson |title=The Cambridge History of Poland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N883AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA237|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-1-00-128802-4|page=237}}</ref><ref name="Jaques2007">{{cite book|author=Tony Jaques|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA412|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33538-9|page=412}}</ref> Spytek's defeat meant also the defeat of the Hussite cause in Poland.<ref name="Penson"/><ref name="Jaques2007"/>


His legacy lay in King Władysław's realization that the lesser nobility could be played off against the power of the great magnates and that the Catholic Church could be reigned in.<ref name="Stone">{{Cite book|author=Stone, David|year=2001|title=The Polish-Lithuanian State, 1386-1795|series=History of East Central Europe, Volume 4|location=Seattle|publisher=University of Washington Press|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=LFgB_l4SdHAC&pg=PA22 22]|isbn=978-0-295-98093-5}}</ref>
His legacy lay in King Władysław's realization that the lesser nobility could be played off against the power of the great magnates and that the Catholic Church could be reigned in.<ref name="Stone">{{Cite book|author=Stone, David|year=2001|title=The Polish-Lithuanian State, 1386-1795|series=History of East Central Europe, Volume 4|location=Seattle|publisher=University of Washington Press|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=LFgB_l4SdHAC&pg=PA22 22]|isbn=978-0-295-98093-5}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Spytek Of Melsztyn}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Spytek Of Melsztyn}}
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[[Category:1439 deaths]]
[[Category:1439 deaths]]
[[Category:People of the Hussite Wars]]
[[Category:People of the Hussite Wars]]
[[Category:Polish nobility]]
[[Category:15th-century Polish nobility]]
[[Category:Polish knights]]
[[Category:Polish knights]]
[[Category:Tarnowski family]]
[[Category:Tarnowski family]]

Latest revision as of 13:32, 4 November 2024

Spytek z Melsztyna
Coat of armsLeliwa
Born1398
Died5 May 1439(1439-05-05) (aged 40–41)
Battle of Grotniki
Grotniki Duże, Poland
Noble familyTarnowski
Spouse(s)Beatrycza Szamotulska
IssueDorota Tarnowska-Melsztyńska
Jan Tarnowski-Melsztyński
Spytek Tarnowski-Melsztyński
FatherSpytko II of Melsztyn
MotherElizabeth Lackfi

Spytek of Melsztyn (Polish: Spytek z Melsztyna, 1398–1439), also known as Spytko, was a member of the Polish nobility and a strong supporter of Polish cooperation with the Hussite movement.

Biography

[edit]

Spytek was the owner of Melsztyn estates and a castellan of Biecz.[1] He was the son of Spytek of Melsztyn, voivode of Kraków.[1]

He supported the plan for Władysław II Jagiełło's acceptance of the Czech crown from the Hussites.[2] He supported pro-Hussite military expeditions of Sigismund Korybut to Bohemia in the years 1422-1427.[1] After Jagiełło's death in 1434 he was the leader of the opposition against the political influences of Bishop of Kraków, Zbigniew Oleśnicki during the early years of the reign of young King Władysław III.[2] Spytek's opposition to Oleśnicki was less personal and more an expression of sympathy with Czech Hussitism, and of opposition to the wealth and influence of the Catholic Church in Poland.[3] During Church synods of Warka (1434), Sieradz and Piotrkow (1435) he spoke in favor of the abolishing of the Peter's Pence in Poland.[2]

In 1439 he organized the Korczyn Confederation (also known as "Confederation of Spytko of Melsztyn") against Oleśnicki.[2] This was a reaction to Oleśnicki 's formation of an earlier anti-Hussite confederation there.[1] His actions were condemned by the royal court, and he lost much support.[1] Following a military escalation of the conflict, he died in the Battle of Grotniki on 4 May 1439.[4][5] Spytek's defeat meant also the defeat of the Hussite cause in Poland.[4][5]

His legacy lay in King Władysław's realization that the lesser nobility could be played off against the power of the great magnates and that the Catholic Church could be reigned in.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e "Spytek z Melsztyna - WIEM, darmowa encyklopedia". portalwiedzy.onet.pl. Archived from the original on 2010-07-17.
  2. ^ a b c d Jerzy Jan Lerski (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 563. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.
  3. ^ a b Stone, David (2001). The Polish-Lithuanian State, 1386-1795. History of East Central Europe, Volume 4. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-295-98093-5.
  4. ^ a b Oskar Halecki; W: F. Reddaway; J. H. Penson. The Cambridge History of Poland. CUP Archive. p. 237. ISBN 978-1-00-128802-4.
  5. ^ a b Tony Jaques (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-313-33538-9.
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