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#REDIRECT [[Yiddish words used in English#Yinglish]] {{R from Merge}}{{R to section}} |
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{{Refimprove|date=June 2008}} |
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'''Yinglish''' words (also referred to colloquially as '''Hebronics''') are [[neologisms]] created by speakers of [[Yiddish]] in [[English language|English]]-speaking countries, sometimes to describe things that were uncommon in the old country. [[Leo Rosten]]'s book ''[[The Joys of Yiddish]]''<ref>[[Leo Rosten|Rosten, Leo]]. ''[[The Joys of Yiddish]]'', Pocket Books/Washington Square Press, 1970 (first edition 1968). ISBN 0-671-72813-X</ref> uses the words ''Yinglish'' and ''Ameridish'' to describe new words, or new meanings of existing Yiddish words, created by English-speaking persons with some knowledge of Yiddish. Rosten defines "Yinglish" as "Yiddish words that are used in colloquial English" (such as ''kibitzer)''<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. ix.</ref> and Ameridish as words coined by Jews in the United States;<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. x.</ref> his use, however, is sometimes inconsistent. According to his definition on page x, ''alrightnik'' is an Ameridish word; however, on page 12 it is identified as Yinglish. |
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''The Joys of Yiddish'' describes the following words as Yinglish except where noted as Ameridish: |
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* '''alrightnik''', '''alrightnikeh''', '''alrightnitseh''' – male, female, female individual who has been successful; ''nouveau riche''<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 12.</ref> |
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* '''bleib shver''' – from German ''bleibt schwer'', meaning ''remains difficult'' - unresolved problem, especially in [[Talmud]] learning |
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* '''[[blintz]]''' (Yinglish because the true Yiddish is ''blintzeh'')<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 42.</ref> |
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* '''bluffer''', '''blufferkeh''' – male, female person who bluffs<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 43.</ref> |
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* '''boarderkeh''', '''bordekeh''' – (Ameridish) female paying boarder<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 44.</ref> |
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* '''boychick''', '''boychikel''', '''boychiklekh''' – young boy, kiddo, handsome<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 49.</ref> |
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* '''bulbenik''' (Ameridish) – an actor who muffs his lines, from ''bilbul'' - mixup (alternative theory - ''bulba'', literally ''potato'', figuratively ''error'')<ref>Rosten, op. cit., p. 56.</ref> |
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* '''bummerkeh''' (Ameridish) – a female bum |
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* '''cockamamy''' false, ersatz, crazy (of an idea), artificial, jury-rigged (prob. from Eng. "decalcomania," a "decal," a sticker, a cheap process for transferring images from paper to glass.) In the Bronx, in the first half of the 20th century, a "cockamamie" was a washable temporary "tattoo" distributed in bubblegum packets. |
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* '''donstairsikeh''', '''donstairsiker''' – female, male living downstairs |
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* '''dresske''' – bargain-basement dress |
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* '''[[United States five-dollar bill|fin]]''' – five, or five-dollar bill, shortened form of Yiddish ''finif'' (five) |
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* '''[[kosher]]''' – Yinglish, not in its religious or Yiddish meanings, but only in five slang senses: authentic, trustworthy, legitimate, fair, and approved by a higher source. Its pronunciation, as "''kōsher''", is another distinguishing factor, as in true Yiddish it is pronounced "''kūsher''" or "''kösher''" |
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* '''mensch''' – a person of uncommon maturity and decency |
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* '''nextdoorekeh''', '''nextdooreker''' – female, male living next door |
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* '''opstairsikeh''', '''opstairsiker''' (Ameridish) – female, male living upstairs |
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* '''pisha paysha''' – corruption of English card game "Pitch and [[Patience (game)|Patience]]" |
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* '''sharopnikel''' (Ameridish) – a small object that causes quieting, such as a [[pacifier]], teething ring |
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* '''shmegegge''' (Ameridish) – an unadmirable or untalented person |
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* '''shmo''' – shortened version of 'shmock' or 'shmearal', see 'shnuk' |
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* '''shnuk''' (Ameridish) – an idiotic person |
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* '''tararam''' – a big '''tummel''' |
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* '''[[Buttocks|Tuchas]]''' – buttocks |
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==See also== |
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* [[History_of_the_Jews_in_Scotland#.22Scots-Yiddish.22|Scots-Yiddish]] |
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* [[Denglisch]] |
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* [[Ashkenazi Hebrew]] |
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* [[Coffee Talk]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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*[http://www.hebrew4christians.com/Glossary/Yiddish_Words/yiddish_words.html A nice list of choice Yiddish/Ameridish words] |
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*[http://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/video/yiddish-revival-more-spicy-yinglish Video: More than Spicy Yinglish] at the [http://www.yiddishbookcenter.org Yiddish Book Center] |
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{{Jewish languages}} |
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[[Category:Yiddish language]] |
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[[Category:Jewish languages]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:04, 4 November 2024
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