HMS Lennox (1914): Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Destroyer of the Royal Navy}} |
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{{Other ships|HMS Lennox}} |
{{Other ships|HMS Lennox}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}} |
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{{Use British English|date=November 2016}} |
{{Use British English|date=November 2016}} |
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{|{{Infobox ship begin}} |
{|{{Infobox ship begin}} |
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{{Infobox ship image |
{{Infobox ship image |
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|Ship image=HMS Lennox, Laforey-class destroyer - IWM Q 75142.jpg |
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|Ship image= |
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|Ship caption= |
|Ship caption=''Lennox'' |
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{{Infobox ship career |
{{Infobox ship career |
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|Ship country=[[United Kingdom]] |
|Ship country=[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] |
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|Ship flag={{shipboxflag| |
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} |
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|Ship name=HMS ''Lennox'' |
|Ship name=HMS ''Lennox'' |
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|Ship namesake= |
|Ship namesake= |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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|Ship class={{sclass |
|Ship class={{sclass|Laforey|destroyer|||1913}} |
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|Ship displacement={{convert|965|-|1010|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} |
|Ship displacement={{convert|965|-|1010|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship length={{convert|268|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|o/a]] |
|Ship length={{convert|268|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|o/a]] |
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'''HMS ''Lennox''''' was a {{sclass |
'''HMS ''Lennox''''' was a {{sclass|Laforey|destroyer|||1913}} built for the [[Royal Navy]] during the 1910s. |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The ''Laforey'' class were improved and faster versions of the preceding {{sclass |
The ''Laforey'' class were improved and faster versions of the preceding {{sclass|Acasta|destroyer|4}}.<ref>Friedman, p. 129</ref> They [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] {{convert|965|-|1010|LT|t|0}}. The ships had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|268|ft|10|in|m|1}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|27|ft|8|in|m|1}} and a [[draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|10|ft|6|in|m|1}}. ''Lennox'' was powered by two [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] direct-drive [[steam turbine]]s, each driving one [[propeller shaft]], using steam provided by four [[Yarrow boiler]]s.<ref name=g5>Gardiner & Gray, p. 76</ref> The turbines developed a total of {{convert|24500|shp|lk=in}} and gave a maximum speed of {{convert|29|kn|lk=in}}. The ships carried a maximum of {{convert|280|LT|t}} of [[fuel oil]] that gave them a range of {{convert|1750|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}. The ships' complement was 74 officers and [[naval rating|ratings]].<ref name=f8>Friedman, p. 296</ref> |
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The ships were armed with three single [[QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII|QF {{convert|4|in|mm|adj=on|0}} Mark IV guns]] and two [[QF 2-pounder naval gun#QF 1.C2.BD pounder|QF 1.5-pounder (37 mm)]] [[anti-aircraft gun]]s. These latter guns were later replaced by a pair of [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|QF 2-pounder (40 mm)]] "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns. The ships were also fitted with two above-water twin mounts for [[British 21-inch torpedo|{{convert|21|in|adj=on|0}} torpedoes]]. They were equipped with rails to carry four [[Vickers Elia mine|Vickers Elia Mk IV]] [[naval mine|mines]], although these rails were never used.<ref name=f8/> |
The ships were armed with three single [[QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII|QF {{convert|4|in|mm|adj=on|0}} Mark IV guns]] and two [[QF 2-pounder naval gun#QF 1.C2.BD pounder|QF 1.5-pounder (37 mm)]] [[anti-aircraft gun]]s. These latter guns were later replaced by a pair of [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|QF 2-pounder (40 mm)]] "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns. The ships were also fitted with two above-water twin mounts for [[British 21-inch torpedo|{{convert|21|in|adj=on|0}} torpedoes]]. They were equipped with rails to carry four [[Vickers Elia mine|Vickers Elia Mk IV]] [[naval mine|mines]], although these rails were never used.<ref name=f8/> |
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==Construction and service== |
==Construction and service== |
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[[File:HerbertH RoseHillCemetery.jpg|thumb|upright|Headstone in [[Cowley, Oxfordshire]] of H Herbert, Officer's Steward First Class, who served on ''Lennox'' and died a week before the [[Armistice of 11 November 1918]]]] |
{{stack|[[File:HerbertH RoseHillCemetery.jpg|thumb|upright|Headstone in [[Cowley, Oxfordshire]] of H Herbert, Officer's Steward First Class, who served on ''Lennox'' and died a week before the [[Armistice of 11 November 1918]]]]}} |
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''Lennox'' was laid down |
''Lennox'' was laid down at [[William Beardmore and Company]]'s [[Clydebank]] shipyard as ''Portia'' on 14 November 1912.<ref name="Friedp307">Friedman, p. 307.</ref> On 30 September 1913, the Admiralty ordered that the L-class be renamed with names beginning with the letter "L", and ''Portia'' was renamed ''Lennox''.<ref name="g5"/> She was launched on 17 March 1914 on completed in July that year.<ref name="Friedp307"/> |
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On commissioning, ''Lennox'' joined the [[3rd Destroyer Flotilla]], based at [[The Nore]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Sheerness Dockyard |magazine=The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect |date=August 1914 |volume=37 |issue=443 |page=7}}</ref><ref name="manp25">Manning, p. 15.</ref> On the outbreak of the First World War this Flotilla became part of the [[Harwich Force]], under the overall command of [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] [[Reginald Tyrwhitt]],<ref name="manp25"/> serving in the [[North Sea]], but capable of reinforcing either the [[Grand Fleet]] or forces in the [[English Channel]] as required.<ref name="Friedp139-0">Friedman, pp. 139–140.</ref> ''Lennox'' saw action in several engagements, including the [[Battle off Texel]]. On 6 May 1916, ''Lennox'' accidentally collided with {{HMS|Ben-my-Chree}}, a seaplane carrier. Damage was insignificant for both ships, however.<ref>Caruna, "et al"</ref> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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==Bibliography== |
==Bibliography== |
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* {{cite magazine |last1=Caruana |first1=J. |last2=Field |first2=Andy |last3=Head |first3=Michael |title=Question 33/48: British Seaplane Tender Sunk by Turkish Artillery |magazine=Warship International |publisher=International Naval Research Organization |location=Toledo, Ohio |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=297–99 |date=December 2012 |issn=0043-0374|display-authors=etal}} |
* {{cite magazine |last1=Caruana |first1=J. |last2=Field |first2=Andy |last3=Head |first3=Michael |title=Question 33/48: British Seaplane Tender Sunk by Turkish Artillery |magazine=Warship International |publisher=International Naval Research Organization |location=Toledo, Ohio |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=297–99 |date=December 2012 |issn=0043-0374|display-authors=etal}} |
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*{{ |
* {{Cite Colledge2006}} |
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*{{cite book|last1=Dittmar|first1=F.J.|last2=Colledge|first2=J.J.|title=British Warships 1914–1919|year=1972|publisher=Ian |
* {{cite book|last1=Dittmar|first1=F.J.|last2=Colledge|first2=J.J.|title=British Warships 1914–1919|year=1972|publisher=Ian Allan|location=Shepperton, UK|isbn=0-7110-0380-7 |name-list-style=amp}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War|year=2009|location=Barnsley, UK|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|isbn=978-1-84832-049-9}} |
* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War|year=2009|location=Barnsley, UK|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|isbn=978-1-84832-049-9}} |
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*{{cite book|last1=Gardiner|first1=Robert|last2=Gray|first2=Randal|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-245-5 | |
*{{cite book|last1=Gardiner|first1=Robert|last2=Gray|first2=Randal|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-245-5 |name-list-style=amp}} |
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* {{cite book |last=Manning |first=T. D. |title=The British Destroyer |year=1961 |publisher=Putnam |location=London }} |
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* {{cite book |last=Massie |first=Robert K. |title=Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany and the Winning of the War at Sea |year=2007 |publisher=Vintage Books |location=London |isbn=978-0-099-52378-9 }} |
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* {{cite book|title=Monograph No. 6: The Passage of the British Expeditionary Force, August, 1914|series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical)|volume=III|year=1921|pages=1–70|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.III_opt.pdf |publisher=Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division|ref={{harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 6|1921}} }} |
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* {{cite book|title=Monograph No. 11: The Battle of the Heligoland Bight, August 28th, 1914|series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical)|volume=III|year=1921|pages=108–166|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.III_opt.pdf |publisher=Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division|ref={{harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 11|1921}} }} |
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{{L class destroyers (1913)}} |
{{L class destroyers (1913)}} |
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Latest revision as of 16:45, 4 November 2024
 Lennox
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Lennox |
| Builder | William Beardmore and Company |
| Launched | 2 March 1914 |
| Fate | Sold and broken up October 1921 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Laforey-class destroyer |
| Displacement | 965–1,010 long tons (980–1,026 t) |
| Length | 268 ft 10 in (81.94 m) o/a |
| Beam | 27 ft 8 in (8.43 m) |
| Draught | 10 ft 6 in (3.20 m) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion | 2 Shafts; 2 steam turbines |
| Speed | 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph) |
| Range | 1,720 nmi (3,190 km; 1,980 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Complement | 74 |
| Armament |
|
HMS Lennox was a Laforey-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the 1910s.
Description
[edit]The Laforey class were improved and faster versions of the preceding Acasta class.[1] They displaced 965–1,010 long tons (980–1,026 t). The ships had an overall length of 268 feet 10 inches (81.9 m), a beam of 27 feet 8 inches (8.4 m) and a draught of 10 feet 6 inches (3.2 m). Lennox was powered by two Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four Yarrow boilers.[2] The turbines developed a total of 24,500 shaft horsepower (18,300 kW) and gave a maximum speed of 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 280 long tons (280 t) of fuel oil that gave them a range of 1,750 nautical miles (3,240 km; 2,010 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). The ships' complement was 74 officers and ratings.[3]
The ships were armed with three single QF 4-inch (102 mm) Mark IV guns and two QF 1.5-pounder (37 mm) anti-aircraft guns. These latter guns were later replaced by a pair of QF 2-pounder (40 mm) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns. The ships were also fitted with two above-water twin mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedoes. They were equipped with rails to carry four Vickers Elia Mk IV mines, although these rails were never used.[3]
Construction and service
[edit]
Lennox was laid down at William Beardmore and Company's Clydebank shipyard as Portia on 14 November 1912.[4] On 30 September 1913, the Admiralty ordered that the L-class be renamed with names beginning with the letter "L", and Portia was renamed Lennox.[2] She was launched on 17 March 1914 on completed in July that year.[4]
On commissioning, Lennox joined the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla, based at The Nore.[5][6] On the outbreak of the First World War this Flotilla became part of the Harwich Force, under the overall command of Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt,[6] serving in the North Sea, but capable of reinforcing either the Grand Fleet or forces in the English Channel as required.[7] Lennox saw action in several engagements, including the Battle off Texel. On 6 May 1916, Lennox accidentally collided with HMS Ben-my-Chree, a seaplane carrier. Damage was insignificant for both ships, however.[8]
Notes
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Caruana, J.; Field, Andy; Head, Michael; et al. (December 2012). "Question 33/48: British Seaplane Tender Sunk by Turkish Artillery". Warship International. Vol. 49, no. 4. Toledo, Ohio: International Naval Research Organization. pp. 297–99. ISSN 0043-0374.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Dittmar, F.J. & Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0380-7.
- Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Manning, T. D. (1961). The British Destroyer. London: Putnam.
- Massie, Robert K. (2007). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany and the Winning of the War at Sea. London: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-099-52378-9.
- Monograph No. 6: The Passage of the British Expeditionary Force, August, 1914 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. III. Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1921. pp. 1–70.
- Monograph No. 11: The Battle of the Heligoland Bight, August 28th, 1914 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. III. Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1921. pp. 108–166.