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{{Short description|Unsigned Interstate Highway in Tulsa, OK}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox road
{{Infobox road
|state=OK
|state=OK
Line 6: Line 8:
|map_custom=yes
|map_custom=yes
|map_notes=I-444 highlighted in red
|map_notes=I-444 highlighted in red
|alternate_name=Inner Dispersal Loop
|alternate_name=Cherokee Expressway, Inner Dispersal Loop
|allocation=
* {{jct|state=OK|US|75}} (entire route)
* {{jct|state=OK|US|64|OK|51}} (first two miles)
|length_mi=2.51
|length_mi=2.51
|length_round=2
|length_round=2
|length_ref=<ref name="FHWA">{{cite web|url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/routefinder/table2.htm|title=Table 2: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002|publisher=[[Federal Highway Administration]]|deadurl=no|accessdate=October 16, 2013}}</ref>
|length_ref=<ref name="FHWA">{{cite web|url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/interstate_highway_system/routefinder/table02.cfm|title=Table 2 - Auxiliary FHWA Route Log and Finder List|work=[[Federal Highway Administration]]|access-date=October 7, 2024|archive-date=February 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213083642/https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/interstate_highway_system/routefinder/table02.cfm|url-status=live}}</ref>
|established=early 1970s{{Cn|date=October 2013}}<!--unreliable source-->
|established=1970s
|spur_type=I
|spur_type=I
|spur_of=44
|spur_of=44
Line 19: Line 24:
|terminus_b={{Jct|state=OK|I|244|US|75|US|412}} in Tulsa
|terminus_b={{Jct|state=OK|I|244|US|75|US|412}} in Tulsa
|counties=[[Tulsa County, Oklahoma|Tulsa]]
|counties=[[Tulsa County, Oklahoma|Tulsa]]
|previous_type=US
|previous_route=412
|next_type=SH
|next_route=1
}}
}}
'''Interstate 444''' ('''I-444''') is an [[List of unsigned auxiliary Interstate Highways|unsigned auxiliary route]] of the [[Interstate Highway System]], with both ends at [[Interstate 244|I-244]] in downtown [[Tulsa, Oklahoma|Tulsa]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Oklahoma]]. It makes up the eastern and southern sections on the square-shaped '''Inner Dispersal Loop'''.
'''Interstate&nbsp;444''' ('''I-444''') is an [[List of unsigned auxiliary Interstate Highways|unsigned auxiliary route]] of the [[Interstate Highway System]] in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]. It makes up half of Tulsa's [[Inner Dispersal Loop (disambiguation)|Inner Dispersal Loop]] (IDL), forming a partial [[beltway]] around [[Downtown Tulsa]]. Both ends of I-444 terminate at [[Interstate 244]] (I-244), which makes up the other half of the IDL.


It is signed as [[U.S. Route 75 in Oklahoma|US-75]], with the first half of the highway also being signed as [[U.S. Route 64 in Oklahoma|US-64]] and [[Oklahoma State Highway 51|State Highway 51]] (SH-51). The I-444 designation does appear on [[Rand McNally]] maps, and also on some online maps, such as [[Bing Maps]].
The route is signed in its entirety as [[U.S. Route 75 in Oklahoma|U.S. Highway&nbsp;75]] (US-75), with the first half also being signed as [[U.S. Route 64 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route&nbsp;64]] and [[Oklahoma State Highway 51|State Highway&nbsp;51]] (SH-51), and the latter half being known as the Cherokee Expressway. The 2.51-mile-long freeway was first planned around 1957 with construction occurring into the 1970s before being fully open in 1981. I-444 was originally signed as such until 1995.

==Route description==
Interstate 444 begins at its western terminus near the [[Arkansas River]] on the southwest side of [[Downtown Tulsa]]. It serves traffic heading to and from locations including [[Okmulgee, Oklahoma|Okmulgee]], [[Oklahoma City]], and [[Sand Springs, Oklahoma]], and [[Joplin, Missouri]] It splits off from a complete [[interchange (road)|interchange]] with [[Interstate 244]], which is also known as the Red Fork Expressway, at exit 4B and borders the southern side of downtown. I-444 carries concurrencies with [[U.S. Route 64 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route&nbsp;64]], [[U.S. Route 75 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route&nbsp;75]], and [[Oklahoma State Highway&nbsp;51]]. A mile east, there is an incomplete junction at 11th Street and Houston Avenue that allows westbound traffic to exit and eastbound traffic to enter from 12th street. The next interchange provides access to 13th Street, Denver Avenue, and Cheyanne Avenue. Westbound movements here are also made from 12th street.<ref name="GM">{{cite Google Maps|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/36.1452815,-96.0000539/36.1603804,-95.9802315/@36.1511288,-96.0011617,3288m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!4m1!3e0?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MTAwMi4xIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D|accessdate=October 7, 2024}}</ref><ref name="ODOT">{{cite map|url=https://www.odot.org/hqdiv/p-r-div/maps/state-maps/2009state/jpgs/central-tulsa.jpg|title=Central Tulsa|year=2009|publisher=[[Oklahoma Department of Transportation]]|format=jpg|access-date=October 7, 2024|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103405/https://www.odot.org/hqdiv/p-r-div/maps/state-maps/2009state/jpgs/central-tulsa.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref>

I-444 continues east before it turns to the north with US-75. US-64 and SH-51 split from I-444 at this point and continue eastward as the [[Broken Arrow, Oklahoma|Broken Arrow]] Expressway. On the eastern side of downtown, I-444 is known as the Cherokee Expressway. A full junction allows vehicles to exit at 7th Street and enter from 8th street. I-444 then reaches its eastern terminus on the northeast side of downtown at another interchange with I-244, this time at exit 6B. I-244 now carries [[U.S. Route 412 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route&nbsp;412]], and is known as the Crosstown Expressway. Eastbound exiting traffic heads towards Joplin while westbound exiting traffic is signed for Oklahoma City. The US-75 freeway continues northbound as the Cherokee Expressway towards [[Bartlesville, Oklahoma|Bartlesville]].<ref name="GM" /><ref name="ODOT" />

The total length of I-444 is 2.51 miles long and serves [[Tulsa]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Oklahoma]].<ref name="FHWA" /> It makes up the eastern and southern sections of the "Inner Dispersal Loop".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.odot.org/newsmedia/tulsa-idl/route.php|title=Inner Dispersal Loop (IDL) in Tulsa - Construction Zones and Routes - Eastbound I-244 closures begin May 20|accessdate=October 7, 2024|work=[[Oklahoma Department of Transportation]]|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103759/https://www.odot.org/newsmedia/tulsa-idl/route.php|url-status=live}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Plans to enclose portions of Tulsa with interstate highways existed as early as 1957. Labeled as "Tulsa's Comprehensive Plan", the IDL would develop a [[beltway]] around Downtown Tulsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/black-wall-streets-second-destruction-180977871/|title=Decades After the Tulsa Race Massacre, Urban 'Renewal' Sparked Black Wall Street's Second Destruction|last=Moreno|first=Carlos|date=June 2, 2021|accessdate=October 7, 2024|work=[[Smithsonian Magazine]]|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103519/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/black-wall-streets-second-destruction-180977871/|url-status=live}}</ref> Construction on these freeways continued into the late 1970s. The final portion opened on November 5, 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tulsaworld.com/news/archives/throwback-tulsa-groundbreaking-for-broken-arrow-expressway-was-on-july-29-1960/collection_a5106873-736b-5f16-a921-7139134e8a1a.html#1|title=Throwback Tulsa: Groundbreaking for Broken Arrow Expressway was on July 29, 1960|date=July 29, 2024|accessdate=October 7, 2024|work=[[Tulsa World]]|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103347/https://tulsaworld.com/news/archives/throwback-tulsa-groundbreaking-for-broken-arrow-expressway-was-on-july-29-1960/collection_a5106873-736b-5f16-a921-7139134e8a1a.html#1|url-status=live}}</ref>
At the time I-44 was designated, the mile markers in the Tulsa area were in the 90s range. Rather than having their own numbers, I-244 and I-444 started their numbering based on what mile marker the highways were at when they branched off. Therefore, one exit along I-444 was labeled "94D". When the I-444 signs were removed from the highway and the "94" numbers were removed from the other markers (their [[gore (road)|gore]] signs simply bore the letter suffixes "A", "B", and "C") the 94D marking remained. The number became even more out of place when the other signs were replaced, bearing no exit numbers.<ref name="Exits">{{cite web|url=http://www.tulok.net/s3.html |deadurl=yes |accessdate=October 16, 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509140019/http://www.tulok.net/s3.html |archivedate=May 9, 2008 |title=Tulok.net }}</ref>

{{clear}}
Both I-244 and I-444 initially used [[exit number]]s and [[milemarker]]s that continued counting from where they split at [[Interstate 44 in Oklahoma|Interstate 44]]. This resulted in I-444 utilizing numbers in the 90s,<ref name="History">{{cite web|url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2009/11/23/despite-lack-of-signage-i-444-exists-in-tulsa/61324206007/|title=Despite lack of signage, I-444 exists in Tulsa|last=Gammill|first=Don|date=November 23, 2009|accessdate=October 7, 2024|work=[[The Oklahoman]]|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103435/https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2009/11/23/despite-lack-of-signage-i-444-exists-in-tulsa/61324206007/|url-status=live}}</ref> despite being less than three miles long.<ref name="FHWA" /> I-444 was later resigned to avoid confusion caused from the previous numbering scheme. In 1955, further confusion between I-244 and I-444 prompted the [[Oklahoma Department of Transportation]] to convert I-444 into an unsigned route in favor of signing its concurrencies instead. At this point, the exit numbers were removed from signs leaving only the lettered suffixes. These letters were also eventually removed from signs.<ref name="History" />

In 2021, the [[Oklahoma House of Representatives]] tentatively approved a study to explore future alternatives to the Inner Dispersal Loop due to its appearance and expensive cost to maintain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tulsaworld.com/news/local/oklahoma-house-of-representatives-study-to-consider-inner-dispersal-loop-alternatives/article_249c562c-f0c0-11eb-9df0-6f79668183a0.html|title=Oklahoma House of Representatives study to consider Inner Dispersal Loop alternatives|last=Krehbiel|first=Randy|date=July 30, 2021|accessdate=October 7, 2024|work=[[Tulsa World]]|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103653/https://tulsaworld.com/news/local/oklahoma-house-of-representatives-study-to-consider-inner-dispersal-loop-alternatives/article_249c562c-f0c0-11eb-9df0-6f79668183a0.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Exit list==
==Exit list==
Exit numbers and mileposts no longer exist (see [[#History]] section above for explanation of exit numbers).
Exit numbers and mileposts no longer exist.
{{jcttop|old|state=OK|county=Tulsa|location=Tulsa}}
{{jcttop|old|state=OK|county=Tulsa|location=Tulsa}}
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|type=concur
|type=concur
|mile=0.00
|mile=0.00
|exit=1A
|mspan=2
|mspan=2
|old=94A
|old=94A
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|US|75|dir1=west|dir2=south|name2=Red Fork Expressway|city1=Okmulgee|city2=Oklahoma City}}
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|US|75|dir1=west|dir2=south|city1=Okmulgee|city2=Oklahoma City}}
|notes=Western terminus; I-244 exit 4B; {{ccr-end|west|US-75}}
|notes=Western terminus; I-244 exit 4B; {{ccr-end|west|US-75}}
}}
}}
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|mile=none
|mile=none
|exit=1B
|old=94B
|old=94B
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|dir1=East|US|64|SH|51|name3=Red Fork Expressway|city1=Sand Springs|location2=[[Joplin, Missouri|Joplin]]}}
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|dir1=East|US|64|SH|51|city1=Sand Springs|location2=[[Joplin, Missouri|Joplin]]}}
|type=concur
|type=concur
|notes=Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; {{ccr-end|West|US-64/SH-51}}
|notes=Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; {{ccr-end|West|US-64/SH-51}}
Line 47: Line 69:
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|mile=
|mile=
|exit=1C
|mspan=4
|mspan=4
|old=94C
|old=94C
Line 55: Line 78:
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|mile=none
|mile=none
|exit=1D
|old=94D
|old=94D
|road=13th Street / Denver Avenue / Cheyenne Avenue
|road=13th Street<!--eastbound only--> / Denver Avenue / Cheyenne Avenue<!--westbound only-->
}}
}}
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|mile=none
|mile=none
|exit=2
|old=95
|old=95
|road={{jct|state=OK|US|64|OK|51|dir2=East|name2=Broken Arrow Expressway|city1=Broken Arrow}}
|road={{jct|state=OK|US|64|OK|51|dir2=east|city1=Broken Arrow}}
|type=concur
|type=concur
|notes={{ccr-end|East|US-64/SH-51}}
|notes={{ccr-end|East|US-64/SH-51}}
Line 67: Line 92:
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old
|mile=none
|mile=none
|exit=3A
|old=96A
|old=96A
|road=7th Street&nbsp;&ndash; [[Downtown Tulsa|Downtown]]
|road=7th Street&nbsp;&ndash; [[Downtown Tulsa|Downtown]]
}}
}}
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old


|mile=2.51
|mile=2.51
|exit=3B–C
|mspan=2
|mspan=2
|old=96B
|old=96B–C
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|US|412|dir2=East|name2=Crosstown Expressway|location1=[[Joplin, Missouri|Joplin]]}}
|road={{jct|state=OK|I|244|US|412|location1=[[Joplin, Missouri|Joplin]]|city2=Oklahoma City}}
|notes=I-244 exit 6B
|type=incomplete
|notes=Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
}}
}}
{{OKint|old
{{OKint|old

|mile=none
|mile=none
|place={{jct|state=OK|US|75|dir1=north|city1=Bartlesville}}
|old=96C
|road={{Jct|state=OK|I|244|US|412|dir2=West|name2=Crosstown Expressway|US|75|dir3=north|name3=Cherokee Expressway|city1=Oklahoma City|city2=Bartlesville}}
|type=concur
|type=concur
}}
|notes=Eastern terminus; old exit number was for I-244/US 412; I-244 exit 6B; {{ccr-end|east|US-75}}
}}{{jctbtm|old|keys=concur,incomplete}}
{{jctbtm|old|keys=concur,incomplete}}


==References==
==References==
{{AttachedKML|display=title,inline}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
{{AttachedKML|display=title,inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051109215857/http://www.tulok.net/s3.html Tulok.Net Side Trips - Wherefore Art Thou 94D]
* [http://www.okhighways.com/tulsa/i444.html OKHighways.com - Hidden Interstate 444]


{{3di|44}}


{{3di|44}}
[[Category:Auxiliary Interstate Highways|44-4]]
[[Category:Auxiliary Interstate Highways|44-4]]
[[Category:Interstate Highways in Oklahoma|44-4]]
[[Category:Interstate 44|4]]
[[Category:Interstate 44|4]]
[[Category:Interstate Highways in Oklahoma|44-4]]
[[Category:Transportation in Tulsa County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Transportation in Tulsa, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Transportation in Tulsa, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 64]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 75]]
[[Category:Unsigned auxiliary Interstate Highways|44-4]]
[[Category:Unsigned auxiliary Interstate Highways|44-4]]
[[Category:Transportation in Tulsa County, Oklahoma]]

Latest revision as of 21:39, 4 November 2024

Interstate 444 marker
Interstate 444
Cherokee Expressway, Inner Dispersal Loop
Map
I-444 highlighted in red
Route information
Auxiliary route of I-44
Maintained by ODOT
Length2.51 mi[1] (4.04 km)
Existed1970s–present
Component
highways
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
West end I-244 / US 64 / US 75 / SH-51 in Tulsa
East end I-244 / US 75 / US 412 in Tulsa
Location
CountryUnited States
StateOklahoma
CountiesTulsa
Highway system
  • Oklahoma State Highway System
US 412 SH-1

Interstate 444 (I-444) is an unsigned auxiliary route of the Interstate Highway System in Tulsa, Oklahoma. It makes up half of Tulsa's Inner Dispersal Loop (IDL), forming a partial beltway around Downtown Tulsa. Both ends of I-444 terminate at Interstate 244 (I-244), which makes up the other half of the IDL.

The route is signed in its entirety as U.S. Highway 75 (US-75), with the first half also being signed as U.S. Route 64 and State Highway 51 (SH-51), and the latter half being known as the Cherokee Expressway. The 2.51-mile-long freeway was first planned around 1957 with construction occurring into the 1970s before being fully open in 1981. I-444 was originally signed as such until 1995.

Route description

[edit]

Interstate 444 begins at its western terminus near the Arkansas River on the southwest side of Downtown Tulsa. It serves traffic heading to and from locations including Okmulgee, Oklahoma City, and Sand Springs, Oklahoma, and Joplin, Missouri It splits off from a complete interchange with Interstate 244, which is also known as the Red Fork Expressway, at exit 4B and borders the southern side of downtown. I-444 carries concurrencies with U.S. Route 64, U.S. Route 75, and Oklahoma State Highway 51. A mile east, there is an incomplete junction at 11th Street and Houston Avenue that allows westbound traffic to exit and eastbound traffic to enter from 12th street. The next interchange provides access to 13th Street, Denver Avenue, and Cheyanne Avenue. Westbound movements here are also made from 12th street.[2][3]

I-444 continues east before it turns to the north with US-75. US-64 and SH-51 split from I-444 at this point and continue eastward as the Broken Arrow Expressway. On the eastern side of downtown, I-444 is known as the Cherokee Expressway. A full junction allows vehicles to exit at 7th Street and enter from 8th street. I-444 then reaches its eastern terminus on the northeast side of downtown at another interchange with I-244, this time at exit 6B. I-244 now carries U.S. Route 412, and is known as the Crosstown Expressway. Eastbound exiting traffic heads towards Joplin while westbound exiting traffic is signed for Oklahoma City. The US-75 freeway continues northbound as the Cherokee Expressway towards Bartlesville.[2][3]

The total length of I-444 is 2.51 miles long and serves Tulsa in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.[1] It makes up the eastern and southern sections of the "Inner Dispersal Loop".[4]

History

[edit]

Plans to enclose portions of Tulsa with interstate highways existed as early as 1957. Labeled as "Tulsa's Comprehensive Plan", the IDL would develop a beltway around Downtown Tulsa.[5] Construction on these freeways continued into the late 1970s. The final portion opened on November 5, 1981.[6]

Both I-244 and I-444 initially used exit numbers and milemarkers that continued counting from where they split at Interstate 44. This resulted in I-444 utilizing numbers in the 90s,[7] despite being less than three miles long.[1] I-444 was later resigned to avoid confusion caused from the previous numbering scheme. In 1955, further confusion between I-244 and I-444 prompted the Oklahoma Department of Transportation to convert I-444 into an unsigned route in favor of signing its concurrencies instead. At this point, the exit numbers were removed from signs leaving only the lettered suffixes. These letters were also eventually removed from signs.[7]

In 2021, the Oklahoma House of Representatives tentatively approved a study to explore future alternatives to the Inner Dispersal Loop due to its appearance and expensive cost to maintain.[8]

Exit list

[edit]

Exit numbers and mileposts no longer exist. The entire route is in Tulsa, Tulsa County.

mikmOld exitNew exitDestinationsNotes
0.000.0094A1A

I-244 west / US 75 south – Okmulgee, Oklahoma City
Western terminus; I-244 exit 4B; western end of US-75 concurrency
94B1B
I-244 east / US 64 / SH-51 – Sand Springs, Joplin
Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; Western end of US-64/SH-51 concurrency
94C1C11th Street / Houston AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
94D1D13th Street / Denver Avenue / Cheyenne Avenue
952
US 64 / SH-51 east – Broken Arrow
Eastern end of US-64/SH-51 concurrency
96A3A7th Street – Downtown
2.514.0496B–C3B–C I-244 / US 412 – Joplin, Oklahoma CityI-244 exit 6B

US 75 north – Bartlesville
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

[edit]
KML is from Wikidata
  1. ^ a b c "Table 2 - Auxiliary FHWA Route Log and Finder List". Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Interstate 444" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  3. ^ a b Central Tulsa (jpg) (Map). Oklahoma Department of Transportation. 2009. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  4. ^ "Inner Dispersal Loop (IDL) in Tulsa - Construction Zones and Routes - Eastbound I-244 closures begin May 20". Oklahoma Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  5. ^ Moreno, Carlos (June 2, 2021). "Decades After the Tulsa Race Massacre, Urban 'Renewal' Sparked Black Wall Street's Second Destruction". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  6. ^ "Throwback Tulsa: Groundbreaking for Broken Arrow Expressway was on July 29, 1960". Tulsa World. July 29, 2024. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  7. ^ a b Gammill, Don (November 23, 2009). "Despite lack of signage, I-444 exists in Tulsa". The Oklahoman. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  8. ^ Krehbiel, Randy (July 30, 2021). "Oklahoma House of Representatives study to consider Inner Dispersal Loop alternatives". Tulsa World. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.