Rasht embroidery: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Iranian regional embroidery style}} |
{{Short description|Iranian regional embroidery style}} |
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[[File:Iran, Rasht, 19th century - Prayer Rug - 1916.1297 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif|thumb|19th century prayer rug featuring Rasht embroidery]] |
[[File:Iran, Rasht, 19th century - Prayer Rug - 1916.1297 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif|thumb|19th century prayer rug featuring Rasht embroidery]] |
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'''Rasht embroidery''' ( |
'''Rasht embroidery''' ({{Langx|fa|رشتی‌دوزی|translit=Rashti-duzi}}) is a Persian art and handicraft. It is a decorative felt panel with a fine detail [[chain stitch]] embroidery, originating in the city of [[Rasht]] in [[Gilan province]], [[Iran]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moradzadeh |first=Fatemeh |date=July 28, 2011 |title=رشتی دوزی، بازتاب زیبایی های هزار رنگ گیلان |trans-title=Rasht embroidery, a reflection of the beauties of a thousand colors of Gilan |url=https://www.magiran.com/article/2307346 |access-date=2022-03-13 |website=Magiran, No. 3164}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hanging, 19th century |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/445982 |website=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]}}</ref> This style of craft flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries in what is now Northwest Iran.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Wulff |first=Hans E. |url=http://archive.org/details/traditionalcraft0000wulf |title=The Traditional Crafts of Persia; their Development, Technology, and Influence on Eastern and Western Civilizations |date=1966 |publisher=M.I.T. Press |others=Internet Archive |location=Cambridge, MA |pages=216–218}}</ref> Rasht embroidery is listed as part of Iran's [[Intangible cultural heritage|Intangible Cultural Heritage]] by [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ارزیاب شورای جهانی صنایع دستی:رشتی دوزی هنری استثنایی در جهان است |trans-title=Evaluator of the World Handicrafts Council: Rashti embroidery is an exceptional art in the world |url=https://irna.ir/xjLRVc |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=[[Islamic Republic News Agency]] (IRNA)}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The exact history of Rasht embroidery is unknown, however the earliest pieces of tapestry found have been from the [[Achaemenid Empire]] period.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2015 |title=رشتی‌دوزی از لوازم خانه تا لباس |trans-title=Embroidery from home appliances to clothes |url=http://modefasl.ir/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122051542/http://modefasl.ir/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3/ |archive-date=2015-11-22 |website=Modefasl.ir}}</ref> Rasht was a major silk trade center with numerous textile workshops, and an international trade port.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bromberger |first=Christian |date=January 1, 2000 |title=RASHT i. The City |url=https://iranicaonline.org/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=Encyclopaedia Iranica |publisher=Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> Rasht embroidery was provided for the [[Safavid dynasty]] royal courts at [[Ardabil]] and [[Tabriz]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> This craft was traditionally created by men in workshops, however in modern times it is now made primarily by women.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-20 |title=زنان در «رشتی‌دوزی» پرچمدارند |trans-title=Women are the flag bearers in "embroidery" |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/94052916588/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=ایسنا |language=fa}}</ref> Rasht embroidery is applied to decorate items include curtains, carpets, saddle cover, rugs, hats, clothes, tablecloths, bedspreads, and [[Shroud|shrouds]] for tombs.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2014 |title=رشتی دوزی و چموش دوزی هنرهای بومی "استان گیلان" |trans-title=Rashti Embroidery and Chamush Embroidery of local arts "Gilan province" |url=http://www.yjc.news/fa/news/4325063 |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=Young Journalist Club (YJC) |language=fa}}</ref> |
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Rasht embroidery was provided for the [[Safavid dynasty]] royal court at [[Ardabil]], and these examples can be found in many museums including the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] and the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
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Rasht |
Rasht embroidery is created using felted flannel wool, the designs were applied to the felt with powdered chalk that is pressed into the fabric, and the chain is stitched with colored silks using a metal crochet hook.<ref name=":0" /> The outer portion of the image is often framed with a different color.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Examples of this embroidery can be found in museums including the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]],<ref name=":0" /> the [[Hermitage Museum]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lukonin |first=Vladimir |title=Lost Treasures of Persia: Persian Art in the Hermitage Museum |last2=Ivanov |first2=Anatoly |publisher=Sirocco |year=2003 |isbn=1904310133 |location=London, England |pages=244}}</ref> and the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]].<ref name=":1" /> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== See also == |
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* [[Iranian handicrafts]] |
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* [[Persian embroidery]] |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Persian embroidery]] |
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[[Category:Textile arts of Persia]] |
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[[Category:Persian handicrafts]] |
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[[Category:Rasht]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:50, 5 November 2024
Rasht embroidery (Persian: رشتی‌دوزی, romanized: Rashti-duzi) is a Persian art and handicraft. It is a decorative felt panel with a fine detail chain stitch embroidery, originating in the city of Rasht in Gilan province, Iran.[1][2] This style of craft flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries in what is now Northwest Iran.[3] Rasht embroidery is listed as part of Iran's Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.[4]
History
[edit]The exact history of Rasht embroidery is unknown, however the earliest pieces of tapestry found have been from the Achaemenid Empire period.[5] Rasht was a major silk trade center with numerous textile workshops, and an international trade port.[6] Rasht embroidery was provided for the Safavid dynasty royal courts at Ardabil and Tabriz.[5][2] This craft was traditionally created by men in workshops, however in modern times it is now made primarily by women.[7] Rasht embroidery is applied to decorate items include curtains, carpets, saddle cover, rugs, hats, clothes, tablecloths, bedspreads, and shrouds for tombs.[8]
Rasht embroidery is created using felted flannel wool, the designs were applied to the felt with powdered chalk that is pressed into the fabric, and the chain is stitched with colored silks using a metal crochet hook.[2] The outer portion of the image is often framed with a different color.[2]
Examples of this embroidery can be found in museums including the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[2] the Hermitage Museum,[9] and the Victoria and Albert Museum.[3]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rasht embroidery.
- ^ Moradzadeh, Fatemeh (July 28, 2011). "رشتی دوزی، بازتاب زیبایی های هزار رنگ گیلان" [Rasht embroidery, a reflection of the beauties of a thousand colors of Gilan]. Magiran, No. 3164. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
- ^ a b c d e "Hanging, 19th century". Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- ^ a b Wulff, Hans E. (1966). The Traditional Crafts of Persia; their Development, Technology, and Influence on Eastern and Western Civilizations. Internet Archive. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press. pp. 216–218.
- ^ "ارزیاب شورای جهانی صنایع دستی:رشتی دوزی هنری استثنایی در جهان است" [Evaluator of the World Handicrafts Council: Rashti embroidery is an exceptional art in the world]. Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA). Retrieved 2023-09-25.
- ^ a b "رشتی‌دوزی از لوازم خانه تا لباس" [Embroidery from home appliances to clothes]. Modefasl.ir. November 21, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-11-22.
- ^ Bromberger, Christian (January 1, 2000). "RASHT i. The City". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-15.
- ^ "زنان در «رشتی‌دوزی» پرچمدارند" [Women are the flag bearers in "embroidery"]. ایسنا (in Persian). 2015-08-20. Retrieved 2022-03-15.
- ^ "رشتی دوزی و چموش دوزی هنرهای بومی "استان گیلان"" [Rashti Embroidery and Chamush Embroidery of local arts "Gilan province"]. Young Journalist Club (YJC) (in Persian). 2014. Retrieved 2022-03-15.
- ^ Lukonin, Vladimir; Ivanov, Anatoly (2003). Lost Treasures of Persia: Persian Art in the Hermitage Museum. London, England: Sirocco. p. 244. ISBN 1904310133.
