Abu Dhar Azzam: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
(39 intermediate revisions by 26 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Rohingya Islamist}} |
|||
'''Abu Dhar Azzam''' أبو ذر عزام who also goes by Abu Dhar al Burmi أبو ذر البورمي or Abu Dhar al Bakistani أبو ذر الباكستاني is a [[Rohingya]] Islamist cleric who is a member of the terrorist organization [[Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan]]. Abu Dhar worked in [[Jamiah Farooqia, Karachi]] then in 2004 he joined the insurgency in Pakistan's tribal areas ([[FATA]]). He has featured in Turkistan Islamic Party, Pakistani Taliban, and Islami cMovement of Uzbekistan media.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2016/09/30/new-release-from-shaykh-abu-dhar-azzam-rather-they-established-the-differences/ |title=New release from Shaykh Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: “Rather, They Established the Differences” |last= |first= |date=September 30, 2016 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
{{Unreliable sources|date=May 2022}} |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} |
|||
One of the mouthpieces of IMU was Abu Dher al Barmi.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2011/11/imu_cleric_urges_pak.php|title=IMU cleric urges Pakistanis to continue sheltering jihadis in Waziristan|last1=Roggio |first1=Bill |last2= |first2= |date=November 23, 2011 |website=the Long War Journal|publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> He was IMU's mufti, joining and then leaving ISIL in a video called (Muftiy Abu Zar Azzom Davla jamoatidan bezor buldi) (المفتي ابو ذر عزام يتبرأ من تأييد تنظيم الدولة).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/08/former-imu-cleric-denounces-islamic-state.php |title=Former IMU cleric latest to denounce Islamic State|last1=Roggio |first1=Bill |last2= |first2= |date=August 30, 2016 |website=the Long War Journal|publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2016/08/28/new-video-message-from-abu-dhar-al-burmi-disowning-support-from-the-state-organization/ |title=New video message from Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “Disowning Support From the ‘State’ Organization” |last= |first= |date=August 28, 2016 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> Abu Dhar appeared in a Turkistan Islamic Party video called "Advice to the Mujāhidīn in Pākistān By Muftī Abū Dhar".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2016/11/12/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-advice-to-the-mujahidin-in-pakistan-by-mufti-abu-dhar/ |title=New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī: “Advice to the Mujāhidīn in Pākistān By Muftī Abū Dhar”|last1=|first1=|last2= |first2= |date=November 12, 2016 |website=Jihadology|publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> |
|||
{{Infobox religious biography |
|||
| honorific-prefix = |
|||
| name = Abu Dhar Azzam |
|||
| honorific-suffix = |
|||
| native_name = {{nobold|أبو ذر عزام}} |
|||
| native_name_lang = ar |
|||
| image = |
|||
| alt = |
|||
| caption = |
|||
| religion = Islam |
|||
| denomination = |
|||
| ordained = |
|||
| school = Rohingya |
|||
| lineage = |
|||
| sect = Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan |
|||
| subsect = |
|||
| temple = |
|||
| order = |
|||
| institute = |
|||
| church = <!-- or: |churches = --> |
|||
| founder = |
|||
| philosophy = |
|||
| known_for = |
|||
| education = |
|||
| alma_mater = |
|||
| other_names = Abu Dhar al-Burmi |
|||
| dharma_names = <!-- or: | dharma_name = --> |
|||
| monastic_name = |
|||
| pen_name = |
|||
| posthumous_name = |
|||
| nationality = |
|||
| flourished = |
|||
| home_town = |
|||
| birth_name = |
|||
| birth_date = <!-- {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} or, if deceased, {{birth date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> |
|||
| birth_place = |
|||
| death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> |
|||
| death_place = |
|||
| death_cause = |
|||
| resting_place = |
|||
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|latitude|longitude|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} --> |
|||
| spouse = |
|||
| partner = |
|||
| children = |
|||
| parents = |
|||
| mother = |
|||
| father = |
|||
| location = |
|||
| title = Cleric |
|||
| period = |
|||
| consecration = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| reason = |
|||
| rank = |
|||
| teacher = <!-- or | guru = --> |
|||
| reincarnation_of = |
|||
| students = <!-- or | disciples = --> |
|||
| initiated = |
|||
| works = <!-- or | literary_works = --> |
|||
| ordination = |
|||
| initiation = |
|||
| initiation_date = |
|||
| initiation_place = |
|||
| initiator = |
|||
| profession = |
|||
| previous_post = |
|||
| present_post = |
|||
| post = |
|||
| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> |
|||
| signature = |
|||
| background = <!-- optional header background color --> |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Abu Dhar Azzam''' ({{langx|ar|أبو ذر عزام}}), also known as '''Abu Dhar al-Burmi'''<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Benjamin David |date=22 October 2015 |title=Pakistan Announces That It Has Defeated ETIM. So What? |url=https://thediplomat.com/2015/10/pakistan-announces-that-it-has-defeated-etim-so-what/ |newspaper=The Diplomat }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Tiezzi |first=Shannon |date=25 June 2014 |title=Chinese Involvement in Global Jihad |url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/06/chinese-involvement-in-global-jihad/ |newspaper=The Diplomat }}</ref> ({{langx|ar|أبو ذر البورمي}}) and '''Abu Dhar al Bakistani''' ({{lang|ar|أبو ذر الباكستاني}}), is a [[Rohingya people|Rohingya]] [[Islamism|Islamist]] [[Ulama|cleric]] and a member of the [[Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan]] (IMU). |
|||
Abu Dhar wrote an article in the 13th edition of [[Turkistan Islamic Party]]'s magazine "Islamic Turkistan" on the [[2012 Rakhine State riots]] supporting the [[Rohingya]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last= |first= |author=أبوذر عزام|date=١٤٣٤ شعبان (June-July 2013) |title=مجزرة لا يعلم عنها الكثير .. .|url=https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab_s-turkistan-islamic-party-e2809cturkistc481n-al-islc481mc4abyyah-13e280b3.pdf |magazine=تركستان الإسلامية |issue= العدد الثالث عشر|page=٣٥-٣٧ |location= |publisher= |access-date= }}</ref> |
|||
==Biography== |
|||
In issue 13 of the ''Islamic Turkistan'' magazine, Abu Dhar 'Azzam (Abu Dhar Al-Burmi) congratulated the [[Tsarnaev]] brothers on the [[Boston Marathon bombing]].<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2013 |title=Al-Qaeda Cleric Praises Tsarnaev Brothers As Models For Muslim Children |publisher=Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) |url=http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/7393.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last= |first= |author=أبوذر عزام|date=١٤٣٤ شعبان (June-July 2013) |title=هذا جوهر واحد يا كفار...|url=https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab_s-turkistan-islamic-party-e2809cturkistc481n-al-islc481mc4abyyah-13e280b3.pdf |magazine=تركستان الإسلامية |issue= العدد الثالث عشر|page=٥٥-٥٦ |location= |publisher= |access-date= }}</ref> Abu Dhar released a video in Arabic claiming that Rohingya were being massacred in Arakan and called upon Muslims to intervene.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2012/12/02/jund-allah-studio-presents-a-new-video-message-from-the-islamic-movement-of-uzbekistans-abu-dhar-al-burmi-a-lost-people-about-the-tragedies-of-burma/ |title=Jund Allah Studio presents a new video message from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan’s Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “A Lost People: About the Tragedies of Burma” |last= |first= |date=December 2, 2012 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> He called on Muslims to attack Germany, China and Burma: "Rise, servants of Allah, to help your brothers and sisters! Rise to save your sons and daughters! Do your best in jihad, guardians of creed and [monotheism], against the enemies of Allah the idolatrous Buddhists, and target the most important installations of Burma, China and Germany, and their interests and the interests of the United Nations, which supports these massacres and this genocide in Arakan".<ref>{{cite news |last=Roggio |first=Bill |title=Jihadists seek to open new front in Burma |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2013/07/jihadists_seek_to_op.php |work=The Long War Journal |date=15 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Zenn |first=Jacob |last2= |first2= |date=May 23, 2014 02:29 PM |title=Beijing, Kunming, Urumqi and Guangzhou: The Changing Landscape of Anti-Chinese Jihadists |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811104648/http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=42416&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=25&cHash=d0bef6b0df632cb01ee9698af67862c3 |journal=China Brief |publisher=The Jamestown Foundation |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages= |doi= |access-date= }}</ref> Abu Dhar ‘Azzam appearred in a TIP video, "We Have To Empower Islam In the Depths Of Our Hearts".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2014/03/07/%E1%B9%A3awt-al-islam-presents-a-new-video-message-from-%E1%B8%A5izb-al-islami-al-turkistanis-turkistan-islamic-partys-abu-dhar-azzam-we-have-to-empower-islam-in-the-depths-of/ |title=Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party’s] Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: "We Have To Empower Islam In the Depths Of Our Hearts" |last1=Zelin |first1= Aaron Y. |date=7 March 2014 |work=Jihadology}}</ref> Abu Dhar appeared in the TIP video “To the Muslims of Turkistān: We Have To Prove Islam Is In Our Hearts”.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2013/07/10/%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistanis-turkistan-islamic-partys-%e1%b9%a3awt-al-islam-media-presents-a-new-video-message-from-abu-dhar-azzam-to-the-muslims-of-turkistan-we-have-to-prove-isl/ |title=Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party’s] Ṣawt al-Islām Media presents a new video message from Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: “To the Muslims of Turkistān: We Have To Prove Islam Is In Our Hearts” |last= |first= |date=July 10, 2013 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
Abu Dhar worked in Jamiah Farooqia, Karachi in 2004, before he joined the insurgency movement in Pakistan's tribal areas ([[FATA]]). He has been a prominent member of the [[Turkistan Islamic Party]], the Pakistani Taliban and the [[Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2016/09/30/new-release-from-shaykh-abu-dhar-azzam-rather-they-established-the-differences/ |title=New release from Shaykh Abū Dhar 'Azzām: "Rather, They Established the Differences" |date=30 September 2016 |website=Jihadology }}</ref> |
|||
He was a former spokesperson for the IMU<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2011/11/imu_cleric_urges_pak.php|title=IMU cleric urges Pakistanis to continue sheltering jihadis in Waziristan|last1=Roggio |first1=Bill |date=23 November 2011 |website=the Long War Journal}}</ref> and a former member of the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/08/former-imu-cleric-denounces-islamic-state.php |title=Former IMU cleric latest to denounce Islamic State|last1=Roggio |first1=Bill |date=30 August 2016 |website=the Long War Journal}}</ref> |
|||
Azzam is sympathetic to the [[Rohingya]]s and supported them during the [[2012 Rakhine State riots]]. He also congratulated the [[Tsarnaev]] brothers for carrying out the [[Boston Marathon bombing]].<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2013 |title=Al-Qaeda Cleric Praises Tsarnaev Brothers As Models For Muslim Children |publisher=Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) |url=http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/7393.htm |access-date=22 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328190800/http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/7393.htm |archive-date=28 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
|||
Turkistan Islamic Party's ''Islam Awazi'' released a video called "We Are Coming O Buddhists" (نحن قادمون أيّها البوذيون) of Abu Dhar ‘Azzam (Abu Dhar al-Burmi) who called for the killing of Buddhists in addition to Chinese, saying in Arabic that "Killing you... Slaughtering you... And cutting off your heads is all good", "Kill you, spill your blood, cut off your head is a good thing", the unedited message said "We are Muslims, and you are our enemies oh Buddhists and Chinese: You will not see us and killing you, and spilling your blood, and cutting your heads of: all of it is good, insha Allah" on 24 February 2014, he also said "we are a nation that loves death while you are a nation that loves wine and women, and we are coming insha Allah, we want to kill Buddhists to the east of this land and to the west of it"., he also said "those Chinese Buddhists, their small eyes, flat noses. Judgment day will not come, until we attacked them. Judgment day will not come, until we slaughter them. Judgment day will not come, until our war with them and attacking them." <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.memri.org/jttm/radical-cleric-uighur-militant-group-video-threatens-chinese-and-buddhists-killing-you |title=Radical Cleric In Uighur Militant Group Video Threatens Chinese And Buddhists: 'Killing You... Slaughtering You... And Cutting Off Your Heads Is All Good' |last= |first= |date=February 25, 2014 |website=MEMRI |publisher= |access-date= |quote= 1( وأوصيكم بأن هؤلاء الصينيين البوذيين صغار الأعين فطس الأنوف: لا تقوم الساعة حتى نقاتلهم، لا تقوم الساعة حتى نذبحهم، لا تقوم الساعة حتى نتلاحم معهم، ونقاتل ضدهم.ـ) 2( نحن مسلمون، ولو كنتم أعداءنا أيُّها البوذيون والصينيون: لن تروا منا إلا خيرًا، وقتلكم وإسالة دمائكم، وقطع رؤوسكم: كله خير إن شاء الله.ـ)3 ( إننا قوم نحب الموت كما تحبون الخمر والنساء، وإننا قادمون إن شاء الله، نحن نريد أن نقتل البوذيين في شرق الأرض وغربها.ـ)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2014/02/25/%e1%b9%a3awt-al-islam-presents-a-new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistanis-turkistan-islamic-partys-abu-dhar-azzam-we-are-coming-oh-buddhists/ |title=Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party’s] Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: “We Are Coming, Oh Buddhists” |last= |first= |date=February 25, 2014 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
China has been repeatedly attacked and criticized in Abu Dhar's videos.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Benjamin David |date=October 22, 2015 |title=Pakistan Announces That It Has Defeated ETIM. So What? |url=http://thediplomat.com/2015/10/pakistan-announces-that-it-has-defeated-etim-so-what/ |newspaper=The Diplomat |location= |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Tiezzi |first=Shannon |date=June 25, 2014 |title=Chinese Involvement in Global Jihad |url=http://thediplomat.com/2014/06/chinese-involvement-in-global-jihad/ |newspaper=The Diplomat |location= |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=14 May, 2014 |title=Target Chinese interests: Burmese commander tells Taliban |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528005310/http://www.thebordernews.com/?action=news&&cat_id=1&&news_id=105 |newspaper=The Border News |location=Dera Ismail Khan, PAKISTAN |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2014/04/07/%e1%b9%a3awt-al-islam-presents-a-new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistanis-turkistan-islamic-partys-abu-dhar-azzam-reality-of-chinas-alliance-with-pakista/ |title=Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party’s] Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: “Reality of China’s Alliance With Pakistan” |last= |first= |date=April 7, 2014 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
Abu Dhar featured in a Tehrik i Taliban Pakistan video attacking [[Malala Yousafzai]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2012/12/27/umar-studio-presents-a-new-video-message-from-te%e1%b8%a5rik-i-%e1%b9%adaliban-pakistans-abu-dhar-al-burmi-is-malala-innocent-clash-of-the-methodologies/ |title=‘Umar Studio presents a new video message from Teḥrīk-ī-Ṭālibān Pākistān’s Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “Is Malālā Innocent? Clash of the Methodologies” |last= |first= |date=December 27, 2012 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
The audio “Message to the ‘Ulamā'” was released by Abu Dhar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2011/08/25/an%e1%b9%a3ar-media-center-presents-a-new-statement-from-the-mufti-of-the-islamic-movement-of-uzbekistan-abu-dhar-al-burmi-message-to-the-%e2%80%98ulama/ |title=Anṣār Media Center presents a new audio message from the Muftī of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistān Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “Message to the ‘Ulamā'” |last= |first= |date=August 25, 2011 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> The video “Greetings to the Muslim Ummah on ‘Īd al-Fiṭr” was released starring Abu Dhar, who conveyed his greetings on Eid al-Fitr to what he called "mujahideen" in "Afghanistan, Chechnya, Somalia, Algeria, Iraq, Yemen, the Arabian peninsula, Palestine, Kashmir, Pakistan".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2011/08/31/jundullah-studios-presents-a-new-video-message-from-the-mufti-of-the-islamic-movement-of-uzbekistan-abu-dhar-al-burmi-%E2%80%9Cgreetings-to-the-muslim-ummah-on-id-al-fi%E1%B9%ADr%E2%80%9D/ |title=Jundullah Studios presents a new video message from the Muftī of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistān Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “Greetings to the Muslim Ummah on ‘Īd al-Fiṭr” |last= |first= |date=August 31, 2011 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
Abu Dhar starred in “Call to the Battlefield”, an audio message.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2012/11/12/jund-allah-studios-presents-a-new-video-message-from-the-islamic-movement-of-uzbekistans-abu-dhar-al-burmi-call-to-the-battlefield/ |title=Jund Allah Studios presents a new video message from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan’s Abū Dhar al-Būrmī: “Call to the Battlefield” |last= |first= |date=November 12, 2012 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> Abu Dhar starred in the video “The Implementation of An Islamic Regime Only Comes Through Jihād in the Way of God”.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jihadology.net/2013/08/04/umar-studio-presents-a-new-video-message-from-abu-dhar-azzam-the-implementation-of-an-islamic-regime-only-comes-through-jihad-in-the-way-of-god/ |title=‘Umar Studio presents a new video message from Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: “The Implementation of An Islamic Regime Only Comes Through Jihād in the Way of God” |last= |first= |date=August 4, 2013 |website=Jihadology |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </ref> |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
*[[Rohingya |
* [[Rohingya conflict]] |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Line 24: | Line 92: | ||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
*http://jihadology.net/category/individuals/ideologues/abu-dhar-al-burmi/ |
* [http://jihadology.net/category/individuals/ideologues/abu-dhar-al-burmi/ Abu Dhar al-Burmi (''Jihadology'')] |
||
*http://jihadology.net/category/individuals/ideologues/abu-dhar-al-burmi/page/2/ |
|||
*http://jihadology.net/category/individuals/ideologues/abu-dhar-al-burmi/feed/ |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azzam, Abu Dhar}} |
|||
[[Category:Living people]] |
[[Category:Living people]] |
||
[[Category:Rohingya people]] |
[[Category:Rohingya people]] |
||
[[Category:Internal conflict in Myanmar]] |
|||
[[Category:Islam in Myanmar]] |
|||
[[Category:Rakhine State]] |
[[Category:Rakhine State]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Uzbekistani Islamists]] |
||
[[Category:Terrorism in Central Asia]] |
[[Category:Terrorism in Central Asia]] |
||
[[Category:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan]] |
[[Category:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan]] |
||
[[Category:Pakistani people of Rohingya descent]] |
|||
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] |
|||
{{Myanmar-stub}} |
Latest revision as of 13:48, 5 November 2024
Abu Dhar Azzam | |
---|---|
أبو ذر عزام | |
Title | Cleric |
Personal | |
Religion | Islam |
School | Rohingya |
Sect | Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan |
Other names | Abu Dhar al-Burmi |
Abu Dhar Azzam (Arabic: أبو ذر عزام), also known as Abu Dhar al-Burmi[1][2] (Arabic: أبو ذر البورمي) and Abu Dhar al Bakistani (أبو ذر الباكستاني), is a Rohingya Islamist cleric and a member of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU).
Biography
[edit]Abu Dhar worked in Jamiah Farooqia, Karachi in 2004, before he joined the insurgency movement in Pakistan's tribal areas (FATA). He has been a prominent member of the Turkistan Islamic Party, the Pakistani Taliban and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan.[3]
He was a former spokesperson for the IMU[4] and a former member of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).[5]
Azzam is sympathetic to the Rohingyas and supported them during the 2012 Rakhine State riots. He also congratulated the Tsarnaev brothers for carrying out the Boston Marathon bombing.[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Baker, Benjamin David (22 October 2015). "Pakistan Announces That It Has Defeated ETIM. So What?". The Diplomat.
- ^ Tiezzi, Shannon (25 June 2014). "Chinese Involvement in Global Jihad". The Diplomat.
- ^ "New release from Shaykh Abū Dhar 'Azzām: "Rather, They Established the Differences"". Jihadology. 30 September 2016.
- ^ Roggio, Bill (23 November 2011). "IMU cleric urges Pakistanis to continue sheltering jihadis in Waziristan". the Long War Journal.
- ^ Roggio, Bill (30 August 2016). "Former IMU cleric latest to denounce Islamic State". the Long War Journal.
- ^ "Al-Qaeda Cleric Praises Tsarnaev Brothers As Models For Muslim Children". Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI). 6 September 2013. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2017.