Yangon General Hospital: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox hospital |
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| Name = Yangon General Hospital |
| Name = Yangon General Hospital |
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| Org/Group = |
| Org/Group = |
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| Image = General Hospital, Yangon.jpg |
| Image = General Hospital, Yangon.jpg |
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| Caption = |
| Caption = |
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| Logo = <!-- optional --> |
| Logo = <!-- optional --> |
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| State = [[Yangon Region]] |
| State = [[Yangon Region]] |
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| Country = Myanmar |
| Country = Myanmar |
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| Coordinates = {{coord|16|46|44|N|96|08|53|E|region:MM_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} |
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| HealthCare = |
| HealthCare = |
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| Type = Teaching |
| Type = Teaching |
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| Emergency = Yes |
| Emergency = Yes |
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| Affiliation= [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]] |
| Affiliation= [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]] |
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| Beds = |
| Beds = 2000<ref name=ycdc>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg1#location | title=Yangon General Hospital | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref> |
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| Founded = 1899<ref name=ycdc/> |
| Founded = 1899<ref name=ycdc/> |
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| Closed = <!-- optional --> |
| Closed = <!-- optional --> |
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| Website = |
| Website = {{URL|http://yghhealthcare.org/}} |
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| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional --> |
| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional --> |
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|}} |
|}} |
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{{Designation list|right|designation1=Yangon}} |
{{Designation list|right|designation1=Yangon}} |
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The '''Yangon General Hospital''' ('''YGH''', {{langx|my|ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး}}) is a major public hospital in a {{convert|14|ha|adj=on}} compound in [[Yangon]], [[Myanmar]]. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care.<ref name="chawSN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/225-healthy-living-2016/20881-yangon-general-hospital-upgrade.html|title=Yangon General Hospital Updates|publisher=Myanmar Times|access-date=2016-06-15}}</ref> The hospital also runs an [[Emergency department|ER]] for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.<ref name=ycdc/><ref name=sign>{{cite web | url=http://www.sign-post.org/programs/myanmar/#Yangon_General | title=Yangon General Hospital | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Surgical Implant Generation Network}}</ref> |
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==History== |
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{{multiple image |
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| image1 = RGH.JPG |
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| width1 = 220 |
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| image2 = Rangoon General Hospital (early 1900s).jpg |
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| footer = The front view (left) and back view (right) of newly constructed General Hospital |
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}} |
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=== Early history === |
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The '''Yangon General Hospital (YGH)''' ({{lang-my|ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး}}) is a major public hospital in [[Yangon]], [[Myanmar]]. Located in a {{convert|14|ha}} compound, the 1500-bed hospital consists of three Medical Wards, three Surgical Wards, one Trauma and Orthopaedic Ward, and 24 specialist departments for inpatient care. The hospital also runs an [[Emergency department|ER]] for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.<ref name=ycdc/><ref name=sign>{{cite web | url=http://www.sign-post.org/programs/myanmar/#Yangon_General | title=Yangon General Hospital | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Surgical Implant Generation Network}}</ref> The hospital has a staff of about 300 doctors and over 400 nurses.<ref name=ycdc/> |
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In the early 1890s, the Agri-Horticultural Gardens and the Phayre Museum occupied the present site of Yangon General Hospital.<ref>{{Cite web |title=19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital {{!}} Yangon Heritage Trust |url=http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921034801/http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital |archive-date=2020-09-21 |access-date=2018-07-06 |website=www.yangonheritagetrust.org |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the '''Rangoon General Hospital''' (RGH).{{fact|date=July 2018}} |
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YGH, known for its Victorian-style architecture, with red brick and yellow-painted trimmings, is also the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]], the [[Yangon Institute of Nursing]], and the [[University of Paramedical Science, Yangon]].<ref name=ycdc/> |
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The main building was designed by the head of the Public Works Department, Henry Hoyne-Fox, and construction started in 1904 and took five years to complete.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/yangon-hospital-now-heritage-building.html|title=Yangon hospital is now a heritage building|work=The Myanmar Times|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}</ref> It was fitted with all the latest modern medical improvement at that time, including operating theatres with electricity and anesthesia rooms. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital|title=19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital {{!}} Yangon Heritage Trust|website=www.yangonheritagetrust.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-06}}</ref> |
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YGH like all other civilian hospitals in Myanmar lacks many of the basic facilities and equipment. Although public health care is nominally free, in reality, patients have to pay for medicine and treatment. One important advantage of YGH does have over hospitals in rural areas is the superior quality of its medical staff since it is the main teaching hospital of the country's premier medical school. The hospital mainly serves the masses who cannot afford to attend private hospitals in Yangon or go abroad for "medical tourism". |
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In the following year, the administrative block and other structures, such as the Matron's accommodation and the morgue, were added and cost four million rupees overall. In 1911, the new and larger hospital opened its doors for the first time with a total of 342 beds. It also housed the country's first bacteriological laboratory, through which several contributions to global medical science were made during the early 20th century. |
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==History== |
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[[File:Rangoon General Hospital (early 1900s).jpg|thumb|The newly constructed General Hospital in the early 1900s.]] |
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The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the '''Rangoon General Hospital''' (RGH) with a capacity of 342 beds during the British colonial era. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905. After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.<ref name=ycdc/> |
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=== World War II === |
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The building was a major massacre site during the [[8888 Uprising]], in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the [[Tatmadaw]]. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]'s first public speech, on 24 August 1988. Today the building is listed on the [[Yangon City Heritage List]]. |
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During the [[Japanese occupation of Burma|Japanese Occupation]], the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the buildings and reserved them for Japanese personnel; the General Hospital had to temporarily relocate to the former Diocesan Girls’ School on Signal Pagoda Road. |
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=== After World War II === |
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==Departments== |
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After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.<ref name="ycdc" /> |
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YGH maintains 24 specialist departments and five diagnostic departments.<ref name=ycdc-dept>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg4#specialities | title=YGH Departments | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref> |
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The building was a major massacre site during the [[8888 Uprising]], in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the [[Tatmadaw]]. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]'s first public speech, on 24 August 1988. The hospital was listed on the [[Yangon City Heritage List]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elevenmyanmar.com/local/12128|title=Yangon General Hospital gets blue plaque for heritage status}}</ref> |
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===Specialist departments=== |
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* Cardiac Medical Department |
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== Services and specialties provided == |
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* Cardiac Surgical Department |
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The hospital has around 2000 staff.<ref name="chawSN" /> As of July 2018, the hospital has 2000 beds and generally treats 1800 inpatients and between 800 and 1200 outpatients a day.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/illegal-hawkers-squatters-continue-plague-hospital.html|title=Illegal hawkers, squatters continue to plague hospital|work=The Myanmar Times|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}</ref> |
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* Chest Medical Department |
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* Thoracic Surgical Department |
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Although public health care is nominally free, patients do have to pay for some medicine that is not provided by the Ministry of Health. |
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* Neuro-Medical Department |
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* Neuro-Surgical Department |
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=== Departments === |
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* Gastrointestinal Department |
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YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.<ref name=ycdc-dept>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg4#specialities | title=YGH Departments | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref> |
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* Hepatology Department |
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* Haematology Departnment |
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====Specialist departments==== |
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* Plastic Maxillo Facial & Oral Surgery |
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* Radiotherapy Department |
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* |
* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Ward 20) |
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* Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Ward 19) |
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* Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation |
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* |
* Department of Clinical Haematology |
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* Department of Dermatology |
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* Renal Medical Department |
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* Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Ward 15+16)(Attached with General Medical Unit 2B (Ward 13+14)) |
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* Critical Care Unit |
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* Department of Emergency Medicine |
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* Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine |
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* Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery (Ward (3+4)) |
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* Department of Neurology |
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* Department of Neurosurgery |
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* Department of Gastroenterology |
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* Department of Geriatrics (Ward 9+10)(Attached with General Medical Unit 3B (Ward 7+8)) |
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* Department of Medical Oncology |
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* Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery |
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* Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation |
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* Department of Radiation Oncology |
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* Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (Attached with General Medical Unit 1B) |
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* General Medical Units (1A, 2A (Ward 17+18), 3A (Ward 11+12)& 4) |
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* General Surgical Units (1, 2 & 3) |
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* Trauma care units (1 (Ward 1+2) & 2 (Ward 5+6)) |
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* Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU)) (Ward 20) |
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* Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories |
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* Operation Theatre Complex |
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* Arrhythmias Clinic |
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* Special Skin Clinic |
* Special Skin Clinic |
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* |
* STD Clinic |
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* National TB Programme |
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* Diabetic Clinic |
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* Dentistry Clinic |
* Dentistry Clinic |
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* Mental Health Clinic |
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* Psychiatric Medicine |
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* Acute Burn Care Unit |
* Acute Burn Care Unit |
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* Epilepsy Unit |
* Epilepsy Unit |
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* |
* Isolation Ward |
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* Pain |
* Pain and Palliative Care Unit |
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[[File:Yangon General Hospital Dental O.P.D.jpg|thumb|Dental O.P.D (Out Patient Department)]] |
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===Diagnostics departments=== |
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[[File:Yangon General Hospital (10424741416).jpg | thumb | 220x124px | right]] |
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* Radiology Department |
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====Diagnostics departments==== |
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* Pathology Department |
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* Cardiac Cath Lab |
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* CT Scan |
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* EEG (Neuro) |
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* Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS) |
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===Auxiliary departments=== |
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* Department of Pathology |
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* Forensic Medicine Department |
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* Department of Microbiology |
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* Central National Blood Bank |
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* Department of Nuclear Medicine |
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* Diagnostic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories |
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* Non-invasive Cardiovascular Diagnostic Lab |
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* National Endoscopy Centre |
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* Neuroelectrophyisological Centre |
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====Auxiliary departments==== |
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* Department of Forensic Medicine |
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* National Blood Bank |
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* Medical Record Department |
* Medical Record Department |
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* Bio-Medical Engineering Department |
* Bio-Medical Engineering Department |
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* Motor Transport |
* Motor Transport |
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== Clinical training and nursing education == |
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==Teaching programs== |
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YGH is the |
YGH is the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]], the [[Yangon Institute of Nursing]], and the [[University of Medical Technology, Yangon]].<ref name="ycdc" /> In particular, it is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon.<ref name=ycdc-teaching>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg6#teaching | title=Teaching Programs at YGH | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref> |
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===Undergraduate=== |
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* [[M.B.,B.S.]] degree |
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== Research and other medical and academic collaborations == |
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===Diploma=== |
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* Australia–Myanmar Trauma Management Program: From 2015 to 2017, this program gave trauma care team training to Myanmar clinicians.{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}} |
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* Dip.Med.Sc. |
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** TB & Chest Medical |
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** Nuclear Medicine |
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** General Partition |
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== |
== See also == |
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* M.Med.Sc. degree |
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** Pathology |
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** Medical Jurisprudence |
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** Orthopaedic |
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** Anaesthesia |
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** X-ray |
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** Physical Medicine |
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** Dermatology |
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** Radiotherapy |
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** Oncology |
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** Hospital Administration & Health Management |
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** Medicine |
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** Surgery |
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===Doctorate=== |
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* Dr.Med.Sc. degree |
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** General Medicine |
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** General Surgery |
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** Orthopaedic |
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** Cardiac Medicine |
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** Cardiac Surgery |
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** Chest Medical |
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** Chest Surgery |
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** Neuro Medical |
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** Neuro Surgical |
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** Renal Medicine |
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** GI Medicine |
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** Hepatology |
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** Haematology |
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** Anaesthesia |
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** X-ray |
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** Maxillo-facial Surgery |
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===Others=== |
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* Nursing Training |
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* Paramedical Sciences (Radiology, Physiotherapy, Lab Technicians) |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of hospitals in Yangon]] |
* [[List of hospitals in Yangon]] |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1899]] |
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{{coord|16|46|45.08|N|96|8|58.56|E|region:MM_type:landmark|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Hospitals in Yangon]] |
[[Category:Hospitals in Yangon]] |
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[[Category:Hospitals established in 1899]] |
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1899]] |
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[[Category:1899 establishments in Burma]] |
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Latest revision as of 18:07, 5 November 2024
| Yangon General Hospital | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Lanmadaw 11131, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar |
| Coordinates | 16°46′44″N 96°08′53″E / 16.77889°N 96.14806°E |
| Organisation | |
| Type | Teaching |
| Affiliated university | University of Medicine 1, Yangon |
| Services | |
| Emergency department | Yes |
| Beds | 2000[1] |
| History | |
| Opened | 1899[1] |
| Links | |
| Website | yghhealthcare |
| Lists | Hospitals in Myanmar |
| Designations | |
|---|---|
The Yangon General Hospital (YGH, Burmese: ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး) is a major public hospital in a 14-hectare (35-acre) compound in Yangon, Myanmar. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care.[2] The hospital also runs an ER for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.[1][3]
History
[edit]
.jpg)
The front view (left) and back view (right) of newly constructed General Hospital
Early history
[edit]In the early 1890s, the Agri-Horticultural Gardens and the Phayre Museum occupied the present site of Yangon General Hospital.[4]
The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the Rangoon General Hospital (RGH).[citation needed]
The main building was designed by the head of the Public Works Department, Henry Hoyne-Fox, and construction started in 1904 and took five years to complete.[5] It was fitted with all the latest modern medical improvement at that time, including operating theatres with electricity and anesthesia rooms. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905.[6]
In the following year, the administrative block and other structures, such as the Matron's accommodation and the morgue, were added and cost four million rupees overall. In 1911, the new and larger hospital opened its doors for the first time with a total of 342 beds. It also housed the country's first bacteriological laboratory, through which several contributions to global medical science were made during the early 20th century.
World War II
[edit]During the Japanese Occupation, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the buildings and reserved them for Japanese personnel; the General Hospital had to temporarily relocate to the former Diocesan Girls’ School on Signal Pagoda Road.
After World War II
[edit]After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.[1]
The building was a major massacre site during the 8888 Uprising, in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the Tatmadaw. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of Aung San Suu Kyi's first public speech, on 24 August 1988. The hospital was listed on the Yangon City Heritage List in 2017.[7]
Services and specialties provided
[edit]The hospital has around 2000 staff.[2] As of July 2018, the hospital has 2000 beds and generally treats 1800 inpatients and between 800 and 1200 outpatients a day.[8]
Although public health care is nominally free, patients do have to pay for some medicine that is not provided by the Ministry of Health.
Departments
[edit]YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.[9]
Specialist departments
[edit]- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Ward 20)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Ward 19)
- Department of Clinical Haematology
- Department of Dermatology
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Ward 15+16)(Attached with General Medical Unit 2B (Ward 13+14))
- Department of Emergency Medicine
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery (Ward (3+4))
- Department of Neurology
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Department of Geriatrics (Ward 9+10)(Attached with General Medical Unit 3B (Ward 7+8))
- Department of Medical Oncology
- Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (Attached with General Medical Unit 1B)
- General Medical Units (1A, 2A (Ward 17+18), 3A (Ward 11+12)& 4)
- General Surgical Units (1, 2 & 3)
- Trauma care units (1 (Ward 1+2) & 2 (Ward 5+6))
- Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU)) (Ward 20)
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
- Operation Theatre Complex
- Arrhythmias Clinic
- Special Skin Clinic
- STD Clinic
- National TB Programme
- Diabetic Clinic
- Dentistry Clinic
- Mental Health Clinic
- Acute Burn Care Unit
- Epilepsy Unit
- Isolation Ward
- Pain and Palliative Care Unit
.jpg)
Diagnostics departments
[edit]- Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS)
- Department of Pathology
- Department of Microbiology
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
- Non-invasive Cardiovascular Diagnostic Lab
- National Endoscopy Centre
- Neuroelectrophyisological Centre
Auxiliary departments
[edit]- Department of Forensic Medicine
- National Blood Bank
- Medical Record Department
- Bio-Medical Engineering Department
- Kitchen
- Laundry
- Motor Transport
Clinical training and nursing education
[edit]YGH is the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of University of Medicine 1, Yangon, the Yangon Institute of Nursing, and the University of Medical Technology, Yangon.[1] In particular, it is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon.[10]
Research and other medical and academic collaborations
[edit]- Australia–Myanmar Trauma Management Program: From 2015 to 2017, this program gave trauma care team training to Myanmar clinicians.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "Yangon General Hospital". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ^ a b "Yangon General Hospital Updates". Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2016-06-15.
- ^ "Yangon General Hospital". Surgical Implant Generation Network. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ^ "19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital | Yangon Heritage Trust". www.yangonheritagetrust.org. Archived from the original on 2020-09-21. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ "Yangon hospital is now a heritage building". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ "19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital | Yangon Heritage Trust". www.yangonheritagetrust.org. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ "Yangon General Hospital gets blue plaque for heritage status".
- ^ "Illegal hawkers, squatters continue to plague hospital". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ "YGH Departments". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ^ "Teaching Programs at YGH". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.