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Coordinates: 16°46′44″N 96°08′53″E / 16.77889°N 96.14806°E / 16.77889; 96.14806
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| State = [[Yangon Region]]
| State = [[Yangon Region]]
| Country = Myanmar
| Country = Myanmar
| Coordinates = {{coord|16|46|44|N|96|08|53|E|region:MM_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| HealthCare =
| HealthCare =
| Type = Teaching
| Type = Teaching
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| Emergency = Yes
| Emergency = Yes
| Affiliation= [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]]
| Affiliation= [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]]
| Beds = 2000<ref name=ycdc>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg1#location | title=Yangon General Hospital | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>
| Beds = 2000<ref name=ycdc>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg1#location | title=Yangon General Hospital | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>
| Founded = 1899<ref name=ycdc/>
| Founded = 1899<ref name=ycdc/>
| Closed = <!-- optional -->
| Closed = <!-- optional -->
| Website =
| Website = {{URL|http://yghhealthcare.org/}}
| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional -->
| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional -->
|}}
|}}
{{Designation list|right|designation1=Yangon}}
{{Designation list|right|designation1=Yangon}}
The '''Yangon General Hospital (YGH)''' ({{lang-my|ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး}}) is a major public hospital in [[Yangon]], [[Myanmar]]. Located in a {{convert|14|ha}} compound, the 2,000-bed hospital consists of four Medical Wards, three surgical wards, one trauma and orthopaedic ward, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care.<ref name=chawSN /> The hospital also runs an [[Emergency department|ER]] for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.<ref name=ycdc/><ref name=sign>{{cite web | url=http://www.sign-post.org/programs/myanmar/#Yangon_General | title=Yangon General Hospital | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Surgical Implant Generation Network}}</ref> The hospital has around 2000 staffs to work around the clock to serve the long list of patients.<ref name=chawSN>{{cite web | url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/225-healthy-living-2016/20881-yangon-general-hospital-upgrade.html | title=Yangon General Hospital Updates | accessdate=2016-06-15 | publisher=Myanmar Times }}</ref>
The '''Yangon General Hospital''' ('''YGH''', {{langx|my|ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး}}) is a major public hospital in a {{convert|14|ha|adj=on}} compound in [[Yangon]], [[Myanmar]]. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care.<ref name="chawSN">{{cite web|url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/225-healthy-living-2016/20881-yangon-general-hospital-upgrade.html|title=Yangon General Hospital Updates|publisher=Myanmar Times|access-date=2016-06-15}}</ref> The hospital also runs an [[Emergency department|ER]] for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.<ref name=ycdc/><ref name=sign>{{cite web | url=http://www.sign-post.org/programs/myanmar/#Yangon_General | title=Yangon General Hospital | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Surgical Implant Generation Network}}</ref>


==History==
YGH, known for its Victorian-style architecture, with red brick and yellow-painted trimmings, is also the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]], the [[Yangon Institute of Nursing]], and the [[University of Paramedical Science, Yangon]].<ref name=ycdc/>
{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = RGH.JPG
| width1 = 220
| alt1 =
| caption1 =
| image2 = Rangoon General Hospital (early 1900s).jpg
| width2 = 200
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| footer = The front view (left) and back view (right) of newly constructed General Hospital
}}


=== Early history ===
YGH like all other civilian hospitals in Myanmar lacks many of the basic facilities and equipment. Although public health care is nominally free, in reality, patients have to pay for medicine and treatment. It is the main teaching hospital of the country's premier medical school. The hospital mainly serves the masses who cannot afford to attend private hospitals in Yangon or go abroad for "medical tourism".
In the early 1890s, the Agri-Horticultural Gardens and the Phayre Museum occupied the present site of Yangon General Hospital.<ref>{{Cite web |title=19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital {{!}} Yangon Heritage Trust |url=http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921034801/http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital |archive-date=2020-09-21 |access-date=2018-07-06 |website=www.yangonheritagetrust.org |language=en-US}}</ref>


The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the '''Rangoon General Hospital''' (RGH).{{fact|date=July 2018}}
==History==

{{double image|right|RGH.JPG|220|Rangoon General Hospital (early 1900s).jpg|200|The front view (left) and back view (right) of newly constructed General Hospital}}
The main building was designed by the head of the Public Works Department, Henry Hoyne-Fox, and construction started in 1904 and took five years to complete.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/yangon-hospital-now-heritage-building.html|title=Yangon hospital is now a heritage building|work=The Myanmar Times|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}</ref> It was fitted with all the latest modern medical improvement at that time, including operating theatres with electricity and anesthesia rooms. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yangonheritagetrust.org/19th-blue-plaque-yangon-general-hospital|title=19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital {{!}} Yangon Heritage Trust|website=www.yangonheritagetrust.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-06}}</ref>
The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the '''Rangoon General Hospital''' (RGH) with a capacity of 342 beds during the British colonial era. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905. After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.<ref name=ycdc/>

In the following year, the administrative block and other structures, such as the Matron's accommodation and the morgue, were added and cost four million rupees overall. In 1911, the new and larger hospital opened its doors for the first time with a total of 342 beds. It also housed the country's first bacteriological laboratory, through which several contributions to global medical science were made during the early 20th century.

=== World War II ===
During the [[Japanese occupation of Burma|Japanese Occupation]], the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the buildings and reserved them for Japanese personnel; the General Hospital had to temporarily relocate to the former Diocesan Girls’ School on Signal Pagoda Road.

=== After World War II ===
After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.<ref name="ycdc" />

The building was a major massacre site during the [[8888 Uprising]], in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the [[Tatmadaw]]. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]'s first public speech, on 24 August 1988. The hospital was listed on the [[Yangon City Heritage List]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elevenmyanmar.com/local/12128|title=Yangon General Hospital gets blue plaque for heritage status}}</ref>

== Services and specialties provided ==
The hospital has around 2000 staff.<ref name="chawSN" /> As of July 2018, the hospital has 2000 beds and generally treats 1800 inpatients and between 800 and 1200 outpatients a day.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/illegal-hawkers-squatters-continue-plague-hospital.html|title=Illegal hawkers, squatters continue to plague hospital|work=The Myanmar Times|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}</ref>

Although public health care is nominally free, patients do have to pay for some medicine that is not provided by the Ministry of Health.


=== Departments ===
The building was a major massacre site during the [[8888 Uprising]], in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the [[Tatmadaw]]. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]'s first public speech, on 24 August 1988. Today the building is listed on the [[Yangon City Heritage List]].
YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.<ref name=ycdc-dept>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg4#specialities | title=YGH Departments | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>


====Specialist departments====
==Departments==
YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.<ref name=ycdc-dept>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg4#specialities | title=YGH Departments | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>


* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Ward 20)
===Specialist departments===
* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
* Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Ward 19)
* Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
* Department of Clinical Haematology
* Department of Clinical Haematology
* Department of Dermatology
* Department of Dermatology
* Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology
* Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Ward 15+16)(Attached with General Medical Unit 2B (Ward 13+14))
* Department of Emergency Medicine
* Department of Emergency Medicine
* Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
* Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
* Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery (Ward (3+4))
* Department of Neurology
* Department of Neurology
* Department of Neurosurgery
* Department of Neurosurgery
* Department of Gastroenterology
* Department of Gastroenterology
* Department of Geriatrics
* Department of Geriatrics (Ward 9+10)(Attached with General Medical Unit 3B (Ward 7+8))
* Department of Medical Oncology
* Department of Medical Oncology
* Department of Nuclear Medicine
* Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery
* Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery
* Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
* Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
* Department of Radiation Oncology
* Department of Radiation Oncology
* Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (Attached with General Medical Unit 1B)
* General Medical Units (1,2,3 & 4)
* General Surgical Units (1,2 & 3)
* General Medical Units (1A, 2A (Ward 17+18), 3A (Ward 11+12)& 4)
* Trauma care units (1 & 2)
* General Surgical Units (1, 2 & 3)
* Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU))
* Trauma care units (1 (Ward 1+2) & 2 (Ward 5+6))
* Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU)) (Ward 20)
* Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovasular Catheterisation Laboratories
* Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
* Operation Theatre Complex
* Arrhythmias Clinic
* Special Skin Clinic
* Special Skin Clinic
* STD Clinic
* National TB Programme
* Diabetic Clinic
* Diabetic Clinic
* Dentistry Clinic
* Dentistry Clinic
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* Acute Burn Care Unit
* Acute Burn Care Unit
* Epilepsy Unit
* Epilepsy Unit
* Tetanus & Rabies Ward
* Isolation Ward
* Pain and Palliative Care Unit
* Pain and Palliative Care Unit


[[File:Yangon General Hospital Dental O.P.D.jpg|thumb|Dental O.P.D (Out Patient Department)]]
[[File:Yangon General Hospital Dental O.P.D.jpg|thumb|Dental O.P.D (Out Patient Department)]]
[[File:Yangon General Hospital (10424741416).jpg | thumb | 220x124px | right]]
====Diagnostics departments====


===Diagnostics departments===
<ref name=sakura>{{cite web | url=http://jria.jpn.com/pdf/2nd_2.pdf | title=Myanmar culture and Yangon General Hospital | accessdate=2016-12-20 | publisher=}}</ref>
* Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS)
* Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS)
* Department of Pathology
* Department of Pathology
* Department of Microbiology
* Department of Microbiology
* Department of Nuclear Medicine
* Endoscopy (GI)
* Diagnostic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
* EEG (Neuro)
* Non-invasive Cardiovascular Diagnostic Lab
* National Endoscopy Centre
* Neuroelectrophyisological Centre


===Auxiliary departments===
====Auxiliary departments====


* Department of Forensic Medicine
* Department of Forensic Medicine
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* Motor Transport
* Motor Transport


== Clinical training and nursing education ==
==Teaching programs==
YGH is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon. It also trains nursing and paramedic trainees from the Yangon Institute of Nursing and the University of Paramedical Science, Yangon.<ref name=ycdc-teaching>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg6#teaching | title=Teaching Programs at YGH | accessdate=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>
YGH is the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of [[University of Medicine 1, Yangon]], the [[Yangon Institute of Nursing]], and the [[University of Medical Technology, Yangon]].<ref name="ycdc" /> In particular, it is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon.<ref name=ycdc-teaching>{{cite web | url=http://www.yangoncity.com.mm/health/index.asp?result=pg6#teaching | title=Teaching Programs at YGH | access-date=2009-01-02 | publisher=Yangon City Development Committee}}</ref>


== Research and other medical and academic collaborations ==
===Undergraduate===
* Australia–Myanmar Trauma Management Program: From 2015 to 2017, this program gave trauma care team training to Myanmar clinicians.{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}}
* [[M.B.,B.S.]] degree


===Diploma===
== See also ==
* Dip.Med.Sc.
** TB & Chest Medical
** Nuclear Medicine
** Family Medicine

===Graduate===
* M.Med.Sc. degree
** Pathology
** Microbiology
** Medical Jurisprudence
** Orthopaedics and Traumatology
** Anaesthesia
** Radiology
** Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
** Dermatology
** Radiation Oncology
** Medical Oncology
** Hospital Administration & Health Management
** Internal Medicine
** Surgery
** Cardiovascular Surgery
** Neurosurgery
** Plastic, Maxilofacial and Oral Surgery

===Doctorate===
* Dr.Med.Sc. degree
** General Medicine
** General Surgery
** Orthopaedics
** Cardiology
** Cardiovascular Surgery
** Neurology
** Neurosurgery
** Gastroenterology
** Clinical Haematology
** Anaesthesia
** Radiology
** Plastic, Maxillo-facial and Oral Surgery

===Others===
* Nursing Training
* Paramedical Sciences (Radiography, Physiotherapy, Lab Technicians)

==See also==
* [[List of hospitals in Yangon]]
* [[List of hospitals in Yangon]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

{{coord|16|46|45.08|N|96|8|58.56|E|region:MM_type:landmark|display=title}}


[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1899]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1899]]

Latest revision as of 18:07, 5 November 2024

Yangon General Hospital
Map
Geography
LocationLanmadaw 11131, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar
Coordinates16°46′44″N 96°08′53″E / 16.77889°N 96.14806°E / 16.77889; 96.14806
Organisation
TypeTeaching
Affiliated universityUniversity of Medicine 1, Yangon
Services
Emergency departmentYes
Beds2000[1]
History
Opened1899[1]
Links
Websiteyghhealthcare.org
ListsHospitals in Myanmar
Designations

The Yangon General Hospital (YGH, Burmese: ရန်ကုန် ပြည်သူ့ ဆေးရုံကြီး) is a major public hospital in a 14-hectare (35-acre) compound in Yangon, Myanmar. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care.[2] The hospital also runs an ER for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.[1][3]

History

[edit]
The front view (left) and back view (right) of newly constructed General Hospital

Early history

[edit]

In the early 1890s, the Agri-Horticultural Gardens and the Phayre Museum occupied the present site of Yangon General Hospital.[4]

The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the Rangoon General Hospital (RGH).[citation needed]

The main building was designed by the head of the Public Works Department, Henry Hoyne-Fox, and construction started in 1904 and took five years to complete.[5] It was fitted with all the latest modern medical improvement at that time, including operating theatres with electricity and anesthesia rooms. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905.[6]

In the following year, the administrative block and other structures, such as the Matron's accommodation and the morgue, were added and cost four million rupees overall. In 1911, the new and larger hospital opened its doors for the first time with a total of 342 beds. It also housed the country's first bacteriological laboratory, through which several contributions to global medical science were made during the early 20th century.

World War II

[edit]

During the Japanese Occupation, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the buildings and reserved them for Japanese personnel; the General Hospital had to temporarily relocate to the former Diocesan Girls’ School on Signal Pagoda Road.

After World War II

[edit]

After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds.[1]

The building was a major massacre site during the 8888 Uprising, in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the Tatmadaw. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of Aung San Suu Kyi's first public speech, on 24 August 1988. The hospital was listed on the Yangon City Heritage List in 2017.[7]

Services and specialties provided

[edit]

The hospital has around 2000 staff.[2] As of July 2018, the hospital has 2000 beds and generally treats 1800 inpatients and between 800 and 1200 outpatients a day.[8]

Although public health care is nominally free, patients do have to pay for some medicine that is not provided by the Ministry of Health.

Departments

[edit]

YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.[9]

Specialist departments

[edit]
  • Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Ward 20)
  • Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Ward 19)
  • Department of Clinical Haematology
  • Department of Dermatology
  • Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Ward 15+16)(Attached with General Medical Unit 2B (Ward 13+14))
  • Department of Emergency Medicine
  • Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
  • Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery (Ward (3+4))
  • Department of Neurology
  • Department of Neurosurgery
  • Department of Gastroenterology
  • Department of Geriatrics (Ward 9+10)(Attached with General Medical Unit 3B (Ward 7+8))
  • Department of Medical Oncology
  • Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery
  • Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
  • Department of Radiation Oncology
  • Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (Attached with General Medical Unit 1B)
  • General Medical Units (1A, 2A (Ward 17+18), 3A (Ward 11+12)& 4)
  • General Surgical Units (1, 2 & 3)
  • Trauma care units (1 (Ward 1+2) & 2 (Ward 5+6))
  • Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU)) (Ward 20)
  • Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
  • Operation Theatre Complex
  • Arrhythmias Clinic
  • Special Skin Clinic
  • STD Clinic
  • National TB Programme
  • Diabetic Clinic
  • Dentistry Clinic
  • Mental Health Clinic
  • Acute Burn Care Unit
  • Epilepsy Unit
  • Isolation Ward
  • Pain and Palliative Care Unit
Dental O.P.D (Out Patient Department)

Diagnostics departments

[edit]
  • Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS)
  • Department of Pathology
  • Department of Microbiology
  • Department of Nuclear Medicine
  • Diagnostic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories
  • Non-invasive Cardiovascular Diagnostic Lab
  • National Endoscopy Centre
  • Neuroelectrophyisological Centre

Auxiliary departments

[edit]
  • Department of Forensic Medicine
  • National Blood Bank
  • Medical Record Department
  • Bio-Medical Engineering Department
  • Kitchen
  • Laundry
  • Motor Transport

Clinical training and nursing education

[edit]

YGH is the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of University of Medicine 1, Yangon, the Yangon Institute of Nursing, and the University of Medical Technology, Yangon.[1] In particular, it is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon.[10]

Research and other medical and academic collaborations

[edit]
  • Australia–Myanmar Trauma Management Program: From 2015 to 2017, this program gave trauma care team training to Myanmar clinicians.[citation needed]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e "Yangon General Hospital". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
  2. ^ a b "Yangon General Hospital Updates". Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2016-06-15.
  3. ^ "Yangon General Hospital". Surgical Implant Generation Network. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
  4. ^ "19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital | Yangon Heritage Trust". www.yangonheritagetrust.org. Archived from the original on 2020-09-21. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  5. ^ "Yangon hospital is now a heritage building". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  6. ^ "19th Blue Plaque Yangon General Hospital | Yangon Heritage Trust". www.yangonheritagetrust.org. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  7. ^ "Yangon General Hospital gets blue plaque for heritage status".
  8. ^ "Illegal hawkers, squatters continue to plague hospital". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  9. ^ "YGH Departments". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
  10. ^ "Teaching Programs at YGH". Yangon City Development Committee. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
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