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{{short description|Russian mathematician}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Aleksandr Korkin
| name = Aleksandr Korkin
|image =
| image =
|caption = Aleksandr Nikolaevich Korkin
| caption =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|3|3|mf=y}} [[New Style|N.S.]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|3|3|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast|Zhidovinovo]], [[Vologda Oblast]], [[Russia]]
| birth_place = [[Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast|Zhidovinovo]], [[Vologda Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]]
|residence = [[Russia]]
| residence =
|nationality = [[Russia]]n
| nationality = [[Russia]]n
|death_date = {{death date and age|1908|9|1|1837|3|3|mf=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1908|9|1|1837|3|3|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russia]]
| death_place = [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]]
|field = [[Mathematician]]
| field = [[Mathematician]]
⚫
|work_institution = [[St Petersburg University]]
|alma_mater = [[St Petersburg University]]
| work_institution = [[St Petersburg University]]
⚫
| alma_mater = [[St Petersburg University]]
|doctoral_advisor = [[Pafnuty Chebyshev]]
|doctoral_students = [[Yegor Zolotarev]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Pafnuty Chebyshev]]
| doctoral_students = [[Yegor Zolotarev]]
|known_for = [[Partial Differential Equations]]
| known_for = [[Partial Differential Equations]]
|prizes =
| prizes =
|footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Aleksandr Nikolayevich Korkin''' ({{OldStyleDate|3 March|1837|19 February}}–September 1, 1908, all [[New Style]]) was a [[Russia]]n [[mathematician]]. He made contribution to the development of [[Ordinary differential equation|partial differential equations]]. After [[Chebyshev]], Korkin was the most important initiator of the formation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}}
'''Aleksandr Nikolayevich Korkin''' ({{langx|ru|Александр Николаевич Коркин}}; {{OldStyleDate|3 March|1837|19 February}} – {{OldStyleDate|1 September|1908|19 August}}) was a Russian [[mathematician]]. He made contribution to the development of [[Ordinary differential equation|partial differential equations]], and was second only to [[Chebyshev]] among the founders of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.<ref>{{citation|title=The History of Approximation Theory: From Euler to Bernstein|first=Karl-Georg|last=Steffens|publisher=Springer|year=2007|isbn=9780817644758|page=79|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IjFJNoq638kC&pg=PA79|quote=After Chebyshev, Alexsandr Nikolaevich Korkin (1837–1908) was the most important initiator of the formation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.}}</ref> Among others, his students included [[Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev]].


== Biography ==
== Some publications ==
* {{cite journal |author=Korkine A., Zolotareff G. |title=Sur les formes quadratiques positives quaternaires |journal=Math. Ann. |year=1872 |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=581–583 |doi=10.1007/BF01442912|s2cid=119606974 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/2163568 }}
Korkin was born in the village Zhidovinovo ([[Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast]]). He was the son of the state peasant Nikolay Ivanovich Korkin.
* {{cite journal |author=Korkine A., Zolotareff G. |title=Sur les formes quadratiques |journal=Math. Ann. |year=1873 |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=366–389 |doi=10.1007/BF01442795|s2cid=120492026 }}
* {{cite journal |author=Korkine A., Zolotareff G. |title=Sur les formes quadratiques positives |journal=Math. Ann. |year=1877 |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=242–292 |doi=10.1007/BF01442667|s2cid=121803621 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1896288 }}


==References==
By his initiative in 1845 the young Aleksandr got the possibility to live and to be educated in Vologda in the house of the grammar school teacher Aleksandr Ivanovich Ivanitski. This was remarkable because at that time in Russia peasants lived in serfdom, Korkin's family was committed to voluntary work for the Russian state.
{{reflist}}
After two years Aleksandr could visit the second class of the Vologda grammar school (after his father paid a donation of 200 roubles to the school and of 5 silver roubles to the Vologda administration to free the son from serfdom).


⚫
==External links==
In 1853 Korkin finished the grammar school with the gold medal, in 1854 he registered at the physico-mathematical faculty of [[St. Petersburg University]], where at that time mathematics were lectured by [[Osip Ivanovich Somov|Somov]], [[Viktor Bunyakovsky|Bunyakovski]] and [[Chebyshev]]. Korkin visited Chebyshev's lectures about analytic geometry, higher algebra and number theory.
*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Korkin}}
*{{MathGenealogy|id=55611}}
*[http://spbu.ru/about/arc/chronicle/156-persons2/434-k-orkin Korkin's Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219135500/http://spbu.ru/about/arc/chronicle/156-persons2/434-k-orkin |date=2014-12-19 }}, the St. Petersburg University Pages (in Russian, but with an image)


{{Authority control}}
In 1857 for the first time Korkin was paid attention to because of his contribution ''About Largest and Smallest Quantities'', which was awarded the gold medal in the students' competition. His referee was Bunyakovski. Korkin there investigated several properties of local extrema of explicit or implicit differentiable functions of one or more variables, but he also discussed problems from variational calculus. Especially this subject impressed him.


Because of this outstanding work Korkin was freed from writing a candidate thesis. In 1858, after the final examinations and another freeing from serfdom he could start with his first pedagogical job at the first cadet school (till 1861).

In 1860 a positive report of Chebyshev caused the offer to Korkin for the appointment of a lecturer for pure mathematics, which he could start after finishing the master examinations. December 11, 1860 he defended his master thesis ''On the Determination of Arbitrary Functions Given by Integrals of Partial Differential Equations''. Its supervisor was Chebyshev.
In 1861 Korkin's post was confirmed and he became scientific assistant (''adjunkt''). After the students' unrest in the early summer of 1861 the university was closed for the winter (officially even until August 1863) and the young scientists, including Korkin, were sent abroad "to prepare the appointment of a professor".

At first Korkin went to [[Paris]]. After a period of self-studies on elliptic functions he visited lectures of various mathematicians, among them were [[Joseph Liouville|Liouville]] and [[Joseph Louis François Bertrand|Bertrand]]. Especially Betrand's lectures about partial differential equations were of special interest for Korkin.

After a brief return to Russia in May 1863 Korkin again left home for [[Berlin]], where he heard [[Ernst Kummer|Kummer]]'s lectures on circular polynomials, [[Weierstraß]] lectures on elliptic functions and [[Kronecker]]'s lectures about quadratic forms.

Korkin returned to Saint Petersburg in September 1864 and again took up his job as a lecturer.

At the end of 1867 he defended his doctoral thesis ''About Systems of Partial Differential Equations of First Order and Some Questions from Mechanics'', the opponents again were Chebyshev and Somov.

In May 1868 Korkin became extraordinary professor at the chair of pure mathematics, 1873 he was promoted to ordinary professor, 1886 to deserved professor. At the Saint Petersburg university he lectured until his death in 1908. He alone lectured thirty years students of higher semesters about partial differential equations and variational calculus (from winter 1875/76 until 1908). So the whole first generation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School got to know these so important subjects of mathematical physics only from him.

Besides his professorship from 1864 till 1900 Korkin lectured about calculus at the naval college (as a successor of Bunyakovski). Among his students was the later academician [[Alexei Nikolayevich Krylov]].

⚫
==External links==
*[http://www.spbu.ru/History/275/Chronicle/spbu/Persons/K_orkin.html Biography from the Saint Petersburg University Pages (in Russian, but with an image)]

{{Persondata
| NAME = Korkin, Aleksandr
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = March 3, 1837
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast|Zhidovinovo]], [[Vologda Oblast]], [[Russia]]
| DATE OF DEATH = September 1, 1908
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russia]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Korkin, Aleksandr}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Korkin, Aleksandr}}
[[Category:1837 births]]
[[Category:1837 births]]
[[Category:1908 deaths]]
[[Category:1908 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast]]
[[Category:People from Vologda Oblast]]
[[Category:19th-century mathematicians]]
[[Category:People from Vologda Governorate]]
[[Category:Russian mathematicians]]
[[Category:19th-century mathematicians from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Mathematical analysts]]
[[Category:Mathematical analysts]]



[[de:Alexander Nikolajewitsch Korkin]]
{{Russia-mathematician-stub}}
[[it:Aleksandr Nikolaevič Korkin]]
[[ht:Aleksandr Korkin]]
[[ru:Коркин, Александр Николаевич]]
[[sk:Alexandr Nikolajevič Korkin]]

Latest revision as of 21:59, 5 November 2024

Aleksandr Korkin
Born(1837-03-03)3 March 1837
Zhidovinovo, Vologda Governorate, Russian Empire
Died1 September 1908(1908-09-01) (aged 71)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
NationalityRussian
Alma materSt Petersburg University
Known forPartial Differential Equations
Scientific career
FieldsMathematician
InstitutionsSt Petersburg University
Doctoral advisorPafnuty Chebyshev
Doctoral studentsYegor Zolotarev

Aleksandr Nikolayevich Korkin (Russian: Александр Николаевич Коркин; 3 March [O.S. 19 February] 1837 – 1 September [O.S. 19 August] 1908) was a Russian mathematician. He made contribution to the development of partial differential equations, and was second only to Chebyshev among the founders of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.[1] Among others, his students included Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev.

Some publications

[edit]
  • Korkine A., Zolotareff G. (1872). "Sur les formes quadratiques positives quaternaires". Math. Ann. 5 (4): 581–583. doi:10.1007/BF01442912. S2CID 119606974.
  • Korkine A., Zolotareff G. (1873). "Sur les formes quadratiques". Math. Ann. 6 (3): 366–389. doi:10.1007/BF01442795. S2CID 120492026.
  • Korkine A., Zolotareff G. (1877). "Sur les formes quadratiques positives". Math. Ann. 11 (2): 242–292. doi:10.1007/BF01442667. S2CID 121803621.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Steffens, Karl-Georg (2007), The History of Approximation Theory: From Euler to Bernstein, Springer, p. 79, ISBN 9780817644758, After Chebyshev, Alexsandr Nikolaevich Korkin (1837–1908) was the most important initiator of the formation of the Saint Petersburg Mathematical School.
[edit]


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