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{{Short description|Family of amphibians}}
{{Short description|Family of amphibians}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{automatic taxobox
| name = Strabomantidae
| name = Strabomantidae
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| taxon = Strabomantidae
| taxon = Strabomantidae
| authority = Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008
| authority = Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008
| range_map =
| range_map_caption =
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
| subdivision = *[[Holoadeninae]] <small>(Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008)</small>
*[[Strabomantinae]] <small>(Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008)</small>
}}
}}


The '''Strabomantidae''' are a [[Family (biology)|family]] of [[frog]]s native to [[South America]]. These frogs lack a free-living [[larval]] stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets".<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1643/CH-07-270|title=A New Species of Minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Southern Peru: The Smallest Frog of the Andes |year=2009 |last1=Lehr |first1=Edgar |last2=Catenazzi |first2=Alessandro |journal=[[Copeia]] |volume=2009 |pages=148–156|s2cid=86120577 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/Strabomantidae.shtml|title = AmphibiaWeb - Strabomantidae}}</ref> This family includes ''[[Pristimantis]]'', the most speciose [[genus]] of any [[vertebrate]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 {{!}} Amphibian Species of the World |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Brachycephaloidea/Strabomantidae/Pristimantinae/Pristimantis |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org}}</ref>
The '''Strabomantidae''', sometimes called '''cloud forest landfrogs''', are a [[Family (biology)|family]] of [[frog]]s native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living [[larval]] stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets".<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1643/CH-07-270|title=A New Species of Minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Southern Peru: The Smallest Frog of the Andes |year=2009 |last1=Lehr |first1=Edgar |last2=Catenazzi |first2=Alessandro |journal=[[Copeia]] |volume=2009 |pages=148–156|s2cid=86120577 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/Strabomantidae.shtml|title = AmphibiaWeb – Strabomantidae}}</ref> This family includes ''[[Pristimantis]]'', the most speciose [[genus]] of any [[vertebrate]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 {{!}} Amphibian Species of the World |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Brachycephaloidea/Strabomantidae/Pristimantinae/Pristimantis |access-date=3 September 2022 |website=amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org}}</ref> Based on [[molecular dating]], the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the [[Eocene]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Chaves |first1=Júlio C. M. |last2=Hepp |first2=Fábio |last3=Schrago |first3=Carlos G. |last4=Mello |first4=Beatriz |date=2024-10-02 |title=A time-calibrated phylogeny of the diversification of Holoadeninae frogs |journal=Frontiers in Bioinformatics |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/fbinf.2024.1441373 |doi-access=free |issn=2673-7647|pmc=11480671 }}</ref> The [[Oligocene-Miocene boundary|Oligocene-Miocene transition]] was also found to be important to their biogeographical history.<ref name=":0" /> However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited [[nucleotide]] data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.<ref name=":0" />


==Systematics==
==Systematics==
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**''[[Noblella]]'' <small>Barbour, 1930</small>
**''[[Noblella]]'' <small>Barbour, 1930</small>
**''[[Psychrophrynella]]'' <small>Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008</small>
**''[[Psychrophrynella]]'' <small>Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008</small>
**''[[Qosqophryne]]'' <small>Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020</small>
**''[[Qosqophryne]]'' <small>Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May 2020</small>


*'''Hypodactylinae'''
*'''Hypodactylinae'''

Latest revision as of 14:41, 6 November 2024

Strabomantidae
Noblella pygmaea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Clade: Brachycephaloidea
Family: Strabomantidae
Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008

The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets".[1][2] This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate.[3] Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene.[4] The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history.[4] However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.[4]

Systematics

[edit]

The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Lehr, Edgar; Catenazzi, Alessandro (2009). "A New Species of Minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Southern Peru: The Smallest Frog of the Andes". Copeia. 2009: 148–156. doi:10.1643/CH-07-270. S2CID 86120577.
  2. ^ "AmphibiaWeb – Strabomantidae".
  3. ^ "Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 | Amphibian Species of the World". amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  4. ^ a b c Chaves, Júlio C. M.; Hepp, Fábio; Schrago, Carlos G.; Mello, Beatriz (2 October 2024). "A time-calibrated phylogeny of the diversification of Holoadeninae frogs". Frontiers in Bioinformatics. 4. doi:10.3389/fbinf.2024.1441373. ISSN 2673-7647. PMC 11480671.
  5. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2008). "Strabomantidae Hedges, Duellman, and Heinecke". Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
[edit]

Data related to Strabomantidae at Wikispecies


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