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Coordinates: 43°19′N 45°04′E / 43.317°N 45.067°E / 43.317; 45.067
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{{distinguish|Sunzhensky District}}
{{italic title|string=otdel}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
⚫
| name = Sunzhensky Otdel
| area_total_km2 = 22,694.30
| area_total_km2 = 22,694.30
| total_type = Total
| established_date = 1888
| seat_type = Capital
| established_title = Established
| population_rural = 100.00%
| extinct_date = 1920
⚫
| extinct_title = Abolished
⚫
| image_map = Sunzha Otdel of Terek Oblast.png
| map_caption = Location in the Terek Oblast
| map_caption = Location in the Terek Oblast
| subdivision_name2 = [[Terek Oblast|Terek]]
| mapsize = 220px
| subdivision_type2 = Oblast
| name = Sunzhensky ''otdel''
| seat = Sunzhenskaya ([[Sunzha]])
| native_name = Сунженскій отдѣлъ
| settlement_type = [[Otdel]]
| native_name_lang = ru
⚫
| population_as_of = 1916
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rural = 100.00%
| population_total = 74,505
| population_total = 74,505
| seat = [[Vladikavkaz]]{{sfn|Albogachieva|2015|p=184}}
⚫
| population_as_of = 1916
⚫
| seat_type = Capital
⚫
| subdivision_name1 = [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus]]
| settlement_type = ''[[wiktionary:отдел#Russian|Otdel]]''
| native_name = Сунженскій отделъ
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = Viceroyalty
| subdivision_name = [[Russian Empire]]
| subdivision_name = [[Russian Empire]]
⚫
| subdivision_name1 = [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Terek oblast|Terek]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of viceroyalties of the Russian Empire|Viceroyalty]]
⚫
| extinct_date = 1920
| extinct_title = Abolished
| subdivision_type2 = [[Oblasts of the Russian Empire|Oblast]]
| established_date = 1888
| total_type = Total
| established_title = Established
| shield_link =
| image_shield =
| mapsize = 220px
⚫
| image_map = Sunzha Otdel of Terek Oblast.png
| other_name = <!-- maps and coordinates -->
| native_name_lang = ru
}}
}}


The '''Sunzhensky Okrug''' ([[Russian alphabet#Letters eliminated in 1918|pre-reform Russian]]: {{lang|ru|Сунже́нскій отде́лъ}}, [[Romanization of Russian|<small>tr.</small>]] ''Sunzhénsky otdél'') was an ''[[otdel]]'' ("[[Cossacks|Cossack]] district") of the [[Terek Oblast]] of the [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus Viceroyalty]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. The area of the Sunzhensky Okrug makes up part of the [[North Caucasian Federal District]] of [[Russia]]. The Sunzhensky Okrug was eponymously named for its administrative center, Sunzhenskaya ([[Sunzha]]).<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Tsutsiev |first=Arthur |title=Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2014 |isbn=9780300153088 |location=New Haven |page= |translator=Nora Seligman Favorov}}</ref>
The '''Sunzhensky ''otdel'''''{{efn|{{bulletedlist|{{langx|ru|Сунженский отдел}}, {{langx|ru|label=<small>[[pre-reform orthography]]</small>|Сунженскій отдѣлъ|translit=Sunzhensky otdel}}|{{langx|inh|Шолжа отдел|Sholzha otdel}}}}}} was a [[Cossack]] district (''[[wiktionary:отдел#Russian|otdel]]'') of the [[Terek oblast]] of the [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus Viceroyalty]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. The area of the Sunzhensky otdel makes up part of the [[North Caucasian Federal District]] of [[Russia]].{{sfn|Tsutsiev|2014}}{{page needed|date=January 2024}}


== Administrative divisions ==
== Administrative divisions ==
The subcounties (''[[uchastok]]s'') of the Sunzhensky ''otdel'' were as follows:{{sfn|Кавказский календарь на 1913 год|pp=180–187}}
The ''[[Uchastok|uchastoks]]'' ("subcounties") of the Sunzhensky Okrug were:<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/417318 |title=Кавказский календарь на 1913 год |publisher=Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom |year=1913 |edition=68th |location= |publication-place=Tiflis |pages=180–187 |language=Russian |trans-title=Caucasian calendar for 1913 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419155400/https://www.prlib.ru/item/417318 |archive-date=19 April 2022}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Uchastok
!Russian name
!1912 population
!1912 population
|-
|-
|1-y uchastok ({{Langx|ru|1-й участокъ|label=none}})
|1st
|1-й участокъ
| align="right" |26,148
| align="right" |26,148
|-
|-
|2-y uchastok ({{Langx|ru|2-й участокъ|label=none}})
|2nd
|2-й участокъ
| align="right" |32,511
| align="right" |32,511
|}
|}
Line 50: Line 46:
== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==


=== Russian Empire census (1897) ===
=== Russian Empire Census ===
According to the [[Russian Empire Census|Russian Empire census]] of 1897, the Sunzhensky Okrug had a population of 115,370, including 58,502 men and 56,868 women. The majority of the population indicated [[Ingush language|Ingush]] to be their mother tongue, with significant [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Kabardian language|Kabardian]] speaking minorities.
According to the [[Russian Empire Census]], the Sunzhensky otdel had a population of 115,370 on {{OldStyleDate|28 January|1897|15 January}}, including 58,502 men and 56,868 women. The majority of the population indicated [[Ingush language|Ingush]] to be their mother tongue, with significant [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Kabardian language|Kabardian]] speaking minorities.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Linguistic composition of the Sunzhensky Otdel in 1897
|+Linguistic composition of the Sunzhensky Otdel in 1897
Line 106: Line 102:
| align="right" |0.08
| align="right" |0.08
|-
|-
|Tatar{{Caucasian Tatars}}
|Tatar{{Efn|Later known as [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]].}}
| align="right" |85
| align="right" |85
| align="right" |0.07
| align="right" |0.07
|-
|-
|[[Imereti|Imeretian]]
|[[Imeretian language|Imeretian]]
| align="right" |61
| align="right" |61
| align="right" |0.05
| align="right" |0.05
Line 167: Line 163:
|}
|}


=== Caucasian Calendar (1917) ===
=== ''Kavkazskiy kalendar'' ===
According to the 1917 publication of the ''Caucasian Calendar'', the Sunzhensky Okrug had 74,505 residents in 1916, including 37,527 men and 36,978 women, 64,420 of whom were the permanent population, and 10,085 were temporary residents:<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/417322 |title=Кавказский календарь на 1917 год |publisher=Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom |year=1917 |edition=72nd |location= |publication-place=Tiflis |pages=226–237 |language=Russian |trans-title=Caucasian calendar for 1917 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104233151/https://www.prlib.ru/item/417322 |archive-date=4 November 2021}}</ref>
According to the 1917 publication of ''[[Kavkazskiy kalendar]]'', the Sunzhensky otdel had a population of 74,505 on {{OldStyleDate|14 January|1916|1 January}}, including 37,527 men and 36,978 women, 64,420 of whom were the permanent population, and 10,085 were temporary residents:{{sfn|Кавказский календарь на 1917 год|pp=226–237}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Nationality
!Nationality
Line 174: Line 170:
!%
!%
|-
|-
|[[Russians]]
|[[Russians]]{{Efn|The ''Caucasian Calendar'' did not distinguish between [[Russians]], [[Ukrainians]], and [[Belarusians]].}}
| align="right" |74,007
| align="right" |74,007
| align="right" |99.33
| align="right" |99.33
Line 194: Line 190:
| align="right" |0.08
| align="right" |0.08
|-
|-
|[[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslims]]
|[[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslims]]{{Efn|Primarily Turco-Tatars.{{sfn|Hovannisian|1971|p=67}}}}
| align="right" |26
| align="right" |26
| align="right" |0.03
| align="right" |0.03
Line 208: Line 204:
== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|last=Albogachieva|first=Makka|year=2015|editor-last=Karpov|editor-first=Yury|chapter-url=https://www.kunstkamera.ru/files/lib/978-5-88431-290-6/978-5-88431-290-6_05.pdf|chapter=Демаркация границ Ингушетии|trans-chapter=Demarcation of the borders of Ingushetia|url=https://lib.kunstkamera.ru/rubrikator/02/978-5-88431-290-6/|title=Горы и границы: Этнография посттрадиционных обществ|trans-title=Mountains and Borders: An Ethnography of Post-Traditional Societies|language=ru|location=[[Saint Petersburg]]|publisher=[[Kunstkamera]]|pages=168–255|isbn=978-5-88431-290-6}}
*{{Cite Armenia and Imperial Decline}}
*{{Cite The Republic of Armenia Volume 1}}
*{{Cite Kavkazskiy Kalendar 1913}}
*{{Cite Kavkazskiy Kalendar 1917}}
*{{Cite Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus}}
{{Refend}}


{{coord|43|19|N|45|04|E|display=title}}
{{coord|43|19|N|45|04|E|display=title}}

Latest revision as of 16:14, 6 November 2024

Not to be confused with Sunzhensky District.

Sunzhensky otdel
Сунженскій отдѣлъ
Otdel
Location in the Terek Oblast
Location in the Terek Oblast
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
OblastTerek
Established1888
Abolished1920
CapitalVladikavkaz[1]
Area
 • Total
22,694.30 km2 (8,762.32 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total
74,505
 • Density3.3/km2 (8.5/sq mi)
 • Rural
100.00%

The Sunzhensky otdel[a] was a Cossack district (otdel) of the Terek oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Sunzhensky otdel makes up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.[2][page needed]

Administrative divisions

[edit]

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Sunzhensky otdel were as follows:[3]

Name 1912 population
1-y uchastok (1-й участокъ) 26,148
2-y uchastok (2-й участокъ) 32,511

Demographics

[edit]

Russian Empire Census

[edit]

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Sunzhensky otdel had a population of 115,370 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 58,502 men and 56,868 women. The majority of the population indicated Ingush to be their mother tongue, with significant Russian and Kabardian speaking minorities.

Linguistic composition of the Sunzhensky Otdel in 1897
Language Native speakers %
Ingush 46,214 40.06
Russian 42,013 36.42
Kabardian 16,088 13.94
Ukrainian 3,891 3.37
Kumyk 2,349 2.04
Chechen 1,906 1.65
Ossetian 871 0.75
German 732 0.63
Georgian 403 0.35
Belarusian 233 0.20
Polish 146 0.13
Armenian 97 0.08
Tatar[b] 85 0.07
Imeretian 61 0.05
Romani 60 0.05
Avar-Andean 47 0.04
Kazi-Kumukh 41 0.04
Circassian 25 0.02
Bashkir 22 0.02
Jewish 18 0.02
Persian 11 0.01
Dargin 9 0.01
Romanian 8 0.01
Nogai 5 0.00
Greek 3 0.00
Other 32 0.03
TOTAL 115,370 100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

[edit]

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Sunzhensky otdel had a population of 74,505 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 37,527 men and 36,978 women, 64,420 of whom were the permanent population, and 10,085 were temporary residents:[6]

Nationality Number %
Russians 74,007 99.33
Georgians 185 0.25
Armenians 138 0.19
North Caucasians 87 0.12
Other Europeans 62 0.08
Sunni Muslims[c] 26 0.03
TOTAL 74,505 100.00

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^
  2. ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
  3. ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Albogachieva 2015, p. 184.
  2. ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
  3. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 180–187.
  4. ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  5. ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  6. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 226–237.
  7. ^ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Albogachieva, Makka (2015). "Демаркация границ Ингушетии" [Demarcation of the borders of Ingushetia] (PDF). In Karpov, Yury (ed.). Горы и границы: Этнография посттрадиционных обществ [Mountains and Borders: An Ethnography of Post-Traditional Societies] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Kunstkamera. pp. 168–255. ISBN 978-5-88431-290-6.
  • Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.

43°19′N 45°04′E / 43.317°N 45.067°E / 43.317; 45.067

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