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{{Short description|Indian Twelver Shia Muslim scholar (1800–1869)}}
{{For|the Jordanian Paralympic athlete|Ahmad Hindi (athlete)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}
{{Infobox religious biography
⚫
'''Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi''' (سید احمد موسوی هندی; born circa 1790, died 1869) was a [[Twelver]] [[Shia Islam|Shia]] [[Muslim]] scholar. He was the paternal grandfather of the [[Supreme leader]] of the [[Iranian Revolution]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]].
| honorific-prefix = [[Sayyid]]
| website =
| parents = Din Ali Shah (father)
| children = Mostafa
| predecessor =
| location =
| successor =
| period =
| religion = [[Islam]]
| jurisprudence = [[Twelver]] [[Shia Islam]]
| background = #ABE9CC
| native_name = {{lang|ar|سيد احمد موسوى هندى}}
| main_interests =
| region =
| resting_place =
| death_place = [[Khomeyn]], [[Qajar Iran]]
| death_date = {{death year and age|1869|1800}}
| birth_place = [[Kintoor]], ''[[Subah]]'' of [[Oudh State|Awadh]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br>(present-day [[Barabanki district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]])
| birth_date = 1800
| name = Ahmad Musavi Hindi
| caption =
| image =
| relatives =
| other_name =
}}
⚫
[[Sayyid|Syed]] '''Ahmad Musavi Hindi''' ({{Langx|fa|{{nq|احمد موسوی هندی}}}}; 1800–1869) was a [[Twelver]] [[Shia Islam|Shia]] cleric. He was the paternal grandfather of the [[supreme leader]] of the Islamic republic of [[Iran]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]].


==In India==
== Biography ==
⚫
His family migrated towards the end of the 18th century from [[Nishapur]] in [[Iran]] to [[Oudh]] in northern [[India]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Algar|first1=Hamid|authorlink1=Hamid Algar|editor1-last=Koya|editor1-first=Abdar Rahman|title=Imam Khomeini: Life, Thought and Legacy|date=2010|publisher=Islamic Book Trust|isbn=978-9675062254|page=19|chapter=A short biography}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&pg=PA8&dq=awadh+persian&hl=nl#v=onepage&q=awadh%20persian&f=false Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam] By Juan Ricardo Cole</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7BaVwfpWZgUC&pg=RA2-PA17&dq=awadh+origin&hl=nl#v=onepage&q=awadh%20origin&f=false Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation] By Ahsan Jan Qaisar,Som Prakash Verma,Mohammad Habib</ref> They settled in the town of [[Kintoor]], [[Barabanki district]].<ref name="Iranian">[http://www.iranian.com/Books/1999/June/Khomeini/index.html From Khomein, ''A biography of the Ayatollah''], 14 June 1999, The Iranian</ref><ref name="Moin1999">[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-ihPNR4iaoC&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&source=bl&ots=gA204zovZh&sig=U-hfoPBFyUW2eRJTMfTjSH7FsC8&hl=en&ei=w9Q6TKikEYP6lwfw79XVBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBYQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=Seyyed%20Ahmad%20Musavi%20Hindi&f=false Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999] By Baqer Moin</ref><ref name="Hamid">Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar</ref> Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi, who was progenitor of sayeds of Kintoor, was great-great-grandfather of Seyyed Ahmad.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&pg=PA284&lpg=PA284&dq=Sayyids+in+Awadh&source=bl&ots=B-FrEtX94o&sig=wc72S3dS8VKA8UFDuVdzWQxwFj4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NGTPUPF9yf2sB-HLgMgD&ved=0CDkQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=Sayyids%20in%20Awadh&f=false Islam, Politics, and Social Movements] By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian</ref>{{Failed verification|date=May 2017}} He was born in [[Kintoor]].<ref name="Iranian" /><ref name="Moin1999" /><ref name="Columbia">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rNrMilgHKKEC&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&source=bl&ots=Sp3QTqX2Id&sig=jPhXf-pkhPqgHuRiYOrbHtEwQNE&hl=en&ei=ZdA6TLPRN4KClAeS-L3SBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CCkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Seyyed%20Ahmad%20Musavi%20Hindi&f=false The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism] By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir</ref>


==In Iraq==
===India===
⚫
His family migrated towards the end of the 18th century from [[Nishapur]] in [[Iran]] to [[Oudh]] in northern [[India]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Algar|first1=Hamid|authorlink1=Hamid Algar|editor1-last=Koya|editor1-first=Abdar Rahman|title=Imam Khomeini: Life, Thought and Legacy|date=2010|publisher=Islamic Book Trust|isbn=978-9675062254|page=19|chapter=A short biography}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&dq=awadh+persian&pg=PA8 Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam] By Juan Ricardo Cole</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7BaVwfpWZgUC&dq=awadh+origin&pg=RA2-PA17 Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation] By Ahsan Jan Qaisar, Som Prakash Verma, Mohammad Habib</ref> They settled in the town of [[Kintoor]], [[Barabanki district]].<ref name="Iranian">[http://www.iranian.com/Books/1999/June/Khomeini/index.html From Khomein, ''A biography of the Ayatollah''], 14 June 1999, The Iranian</ref><ref name="Moin1999">[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-ihPNR4iaoC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA2 Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999] By Baqer Moin</ref><ref name="Hamid">Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar</ref> Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi, who was progenitor of [[Sayyid|''Syeds'']] of Kintoor, was great-great-grandfather of Syed Ahmad.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&dq=Sayyids+in+Awadh&pg=PA284 Islam, Politics, and Social Movements] By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian</ref> He was born in [[Kintoor]].<ref name="Iranian" /><ref name="Moin1999" /><ref name="Columbia">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rNrMilgHKKEC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA199 The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism] By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir</ref>
⚫
In about 1830 he permanently left India, initially on a pilgrimage to the tomb of [[Ali]] in [[Najaf]], [[Iraq]].<ref name="Moin1999" /><ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Columbia" /> According to Moin, this movement was to escape colonial rule.<ref name="moin18">{{harvnb|Moin|2000|p=18}}</ref>


==In Iran==
===Iraq===
⚫
In about 1830 he permanently left India, initially on a pilgrimage to the tomb of [[Ali]] in [[Najaf]], [[Iraq]].<ref name="Moin1999" /><ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Columbia" /> According to Moin, this movement was to escape colonial rule.<ref name="moin18">{{cite book |last = Moin |first = Baqer |title = Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn = 0-312-26490-9 |year=2000|url = https://archive.org/details/khomeinilifeofay00moin |page=18}}</ref>

===Iran===
He visited Iran in 1834 and bought a house in [[Khomeyn]].<ref name="Iranian" /> He later purchased more land in and around Khomeyn, including an orchard and [[caravanserai]]. These properties remained in the family up to modern times.<ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Columbia" />
He visited Iran in 1834 and bought a house in [[Khomeyn]].<ref name="Iranian" /> He later purchased more land in and around Khomeyn, including an orchard and [[caravanserai]]. These properties remained in the family up to modern times.<ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Columbia" />


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==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>

{{Ruhollah Khomeini}}


[[Category:1869 deaths]]
[[Category:1869 deaths]]
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[[Category:Iranian Shia clerics]]
⚫
[[Category:Iranian Shia scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:People from Nishapur]]
[[Category:People from Nishapur]]
[[Category:Shia Muslim scholars]]
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[[Category:Iranian Shia Muslims]]
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[[Category:Iranian scholars]]
[[Category:19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in India]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in India]]
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[[Category:Ruhollah Khomeini]]
[[Category:Ruhollah Khomeini]]
[[Category:Scholars from Lucknow]]
[[Category:Scholars from Lucknow]]
[[Category:Al-Moussawi family]]
[[Category:Musawis]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Descendants of Shia Imams]]
[[Category:Indian people of Iranian descent]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]]
⚫
[[Category:Indian Shia clerics]]
[[Category:1800 births]]

Latest revision as of 00:13, 7 November 2024

For the Jordanian Paralympic athlete, see Ahmad Hindi (athlete).

Sayyid
Ahmad Musavi Hindi
سيد احمد موسوى هندى
Personal life
Born1800
Kintoor, Subah of Awadh, Mughal Empire
(present-day Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh, India)
Died1869 (aged 68–69)
Khomeyn, Qajar Iran
ChildrenMostafa
ParentDin Ali Shah (father)
Religious life
ReligionIslam
JurisprudenceTwelver Shia Islam

Syed Ahmad Musavi Hindi (Persian: احمد موسوی هندی; 1800–1869) was a Twelver Shia cleric. He was the paternal grandfather of the supreme leader of the Islamic republic of Iran, Ruhollah Khomeini.

Biography

[edit]

India

[edit]

His family migrated towards the end of the 18th century from Nishapur in Iran to Oudh in northern India.[1][2][3] They settled in the town of Kintoor, Barabanki district.[4][5][6] Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi, who was progenitor of Syeds of Kintoor, was great-great-grandfather of Syed Ahmad.[7] He was born in Kintoor.[4][5][8]

Iraq

[edit]

In about 1830 he permanently left India, initially on a pilgrimage to the tomb of Ali in Najaf, Iraq.[5][6][8] According to Moin, this movement was to escape colonial rule.[9]

Iran

[edit]

He visited Iran in 1834 and bought a house in Khomeyn.[4] He later purchased more land in and around Khomeyn, including an orchard and caravanserai. These properties remained in the family up to modern times.[6][8]

By 1841 he had married three wives: Shirin Khanum, Bibi Khanum, and Sakineh (his friend Yusuf Khan Kamareh'i's sister), all from Khomeyn. He had five children, including a son named Mostafa (father of Ruhollah Khomeini), who was born in 1856 from Sakineh.[4]

Death

[edit]

He died in 1869 and was buried in Karbala.[4]

The Hindi nisba (title)

[edit]

He continued to be known by the nisba (title) Hindi (i.e. from Hind or India), indicating his stay there. Even Ruhollah Khomeini used Hindi as a pen name in some of his ghazals.[6] Ruhollah Khomeini's brother was known by name Nureddin Hindi.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Algar, Hamid (2010). "A short biography". In Koya, Abdar Rahman (ed.). Imam Khomeini: Life, Thought and Legacy. Islamic Book Trust. p. 19. ISBN 978-9675062254.
  2. ^ Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam By Juan Ricardo Cole
  3. ^ Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation By Ahsan Jan Qaisar, Som Prakash Verma, Mohammad Habib
  4. ^ a b c d e From Khomein, A biography of the Ayatollah, 14 June 1999, The Iranian
  5. ^ a b c d Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999 By Baqer Moin
  6. ^ a b c d Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar
  7. ^ Islam, Politics, and Social Movements By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian
  8. ^ a b c The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir
  9. ^ Moin, Baqer (2000). Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah. St. Martin's Press. p. 18. ISBN 0-312-26490-9.
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