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{{Short description|Indian Bengali poet and writer}}
{{cleanup|reason=Contains passages of untranslated Bengali|date=April 2014}}
{{cleanup|reason=Contains passages of untranslated Bengali|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Ishwar Chandra Gupta<br/>ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত
| name = Ishwar Chandra Gupta<br/>ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত
| image = IshwarChandraGupta.jpg
| image = IshwarChandraGuptaPic.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption =
⚫
| birth_date = 6 March 1812
| caption = Ishwar Chandra Gupta
⚫
| birth_place = [[Kanchrapara]], [[24 Parganas]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Company Raj|Company rule in India]]
⚫
| birth_date = March 1812
| death_date = {{death date and age|1859|1|23|1812|3|6|df=y}}
⚫
| birth_place = [[Kanchrapara]], [[24 Parganas]], [[Bengal]], [[British India]]
| death_place = [[Calcutta]], Bengal Presidency, [[British India]]
| death_date = January 23, 1859
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British India]]
| nationality = [[British India|Indian]]
⚫
| occupation = Poet, scholar and writer
| nationality = [[British India|Indian]]
⚫
| spouse =
| ethnicity = [[Bengali people|Bengali]]
| religion =
⚫
| occupation = Poet, scholar and writer
⚫
| spouse =
}}
}}


'''Ishwar Chandra Gupta''' ({{lang-bn|ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত}}; March 1812 – 23 January 1859) was an [[India]]n [[Bengali people|Bengali]] poet and writer. Gupta was born in Kalyani, [[24 Parganas|Nadia]], [[West Bengal]], India).<ref name="bp">{{cite book |last=Kahaly |first=Anirudha |year=2012 |chapter=Gupta, Ishwar Chandra |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gupta,_Ishwar_Chandra |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
'''Ishwar Chandra Gupta''' ({{langx|bn|ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত}}; 6 March 1812 – 23 January 1859) was a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] poet and writer. Gupta was born in [[Kanchrapara]], in [[Bengal]].<ref name="bp">{{cite book |last=Kahaly |first=Anirudha |year=2012 |chapter=Gupta, Ishwar Chandra |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gupta,_Ishwar_Chandra |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Ishwar Chandra Gupta was brought up in his uncle's house after the death of his mother. Gupta spent most of his childhood in [[Kolkata]]. At that time, poets were named ''Kobiwala'' and the ''kobiwalas'' were not so civilized in language. Sexual words and clashes were common. But Ishwar Chandra Gupta created a different style of poetry.
Ishwar Chandra Gupta was born in a [[Baidya]] family. He was brought up in his uncle's house after the death of his mother. Gupta spent most of his childhood in [[Kolkata]]. At that time, poets were named ''Kobiwala'' and the ''kobiwalas'' were not so civilized in language. Sexual words and clashes were common. But Ishwar Chandra Gupta created a different style of poetry.


He started the newspaper ''[[Sambad Prabhakar]]'' with Jogendra Mohan Tagore on January 28, 1831,<ref name="bp" /> which finally became a daily on June 4, 1839. Many Bengali writers of the 19th century started their careers with that magazine. He reintroduced into Bengali poetry the mediaeval style with double meaning (already seen in Sandhyakaranandi and Bharatchandra):
He started the newspaper ''[[Sambad Prabhakar]]'' with Jogendra Mohan Tagore on January 28, 1831,<ref name="bp" /> which finally became a daily on June 4, 1839. Many Bengali writers of the 19th century started their careers with that magazine.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bangla Literary Magazine & Editor|url=http://banglalibrary.evergreenbangla.com/blog/492|access-date=10 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302021629/http://banglalibrary.evergreenbangla.com/blog/492|archive-date=2 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> He reintroduced into Bengali poetry the mediaeval style with double meaning (already seen in Sandhyakaranandi and Bharatchandra):
::''কে বলে ঈশ্বর গুপ্ত, ব্যপ্ত চরাচর,''
::''কে বলে ঈশ্বর গুপ্ত, ব্যপ্ত চরাচর,''
::''যাহার প্রভায় প্রভা পায় প্রভাকর।''
::''যাহার প্রভায় প্রভা পায় প্রভাকর।''


::''Ke bole Ishwar Gupta, byapta charachar,''
::''Ke bole Ishwar Gupta, byapta charachar,''
::''Jahar prabhaye prabha paye Prabhakar.''.
::''Jahar prabhaye prabha paye Prabhakar.''


'Ishwar' means God, 'Gupta' means hidden and 'Prabhakar' is the sun. So a translation runs:
'Ishwar' means God, 'Gupta' means hidden and 'Prabhakar' is the sun. So a translation runs:
Line 41: Line 39:
He brought modern era of poetry in [[Bengali language|Bengali]]. He did not describe the life of Gods and Goddesses, but the daily life of human beings. He also wrote biographies of many Bengali poets and musicians.
He brought modern era of poetry in [[Bengali language|Bengali]]. He did not describe the life of Gods and Goddesses, but the daily life of human beings. He also wrote biographies of many Bengali poets and musicians.


Ishwarchandra Gupta always satires the so-called modern class who blindly followed the colonial British power.
Ishwarchandra Gupta often satirized the so-called modern class who blindly followed the colonial British power.


::Tumi ma kalpataru
::Tumi ma kalpataru
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::::Tatei kushi
::::Tatei kushi
::::::Ghushi khele bachbo na!
::::::Ghushi khele bachbo na!

His literary works were included in the curriculum of school level, secondary and higher secondary [[Bengali Literature]] in Bengali speaking states like West Bengal, Tripura etc. of India and country [[Bangladesh]].


== Political views ==
== Political views ==
In the early days he was a conservative, opposing the [[Young Bengal]] movement as well as frowning on widow remarriage. His views on widow remarriage put him at odds with [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar]]. He was one of the earliest advocates of a Hindu view of Indian society. Later in his life, his views began to change and he championed the cause for the remarriage of virgin widows and women's education.<ref name="bp" />
In his early days he was a conservative, opposing the [[Young Bengal]] movement as well as disapproving of widow remarriage. His views on widow remarriage put him at odds with [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar]]. He was one of the earliest advocates of a Hindu view of Indian society. Later in his life, his views began to change and he championed the cause for the remarriage of virgin widows and women's education.<ref name="bp" />


== Important works ==
== Important works ==
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*Probodh Pravakara
*Probodh Pravakara
*Kobitabolir Saar Sangraha
*Kobitabolir Saar Sangraha

==Sources==

*'''Bangla Sahitya''' (Bengali Literature), the national textbook of intermediate (college) level of [[Bangladesh]] published in 1996 by all educational boards.


==References==
==References==
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{{Bengal Renaissance}}
{{Bengal Renaissance}}
{{Padma Shri Awards}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Gupta, Ishwar Chandra}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gupta, Ishwar Chandra}}
[[Category:Bengali poets|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]]
[[Category:Bengali-language poets|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:Bengali-language poets]]
[[Category:Bengali writers|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:1812 births]]
[[Category:Bengali-language writers|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:1859 deaths]]
[[Category:1812 births|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:Hindu poets]]
[[Category:1859 deaths|Ishwarchandra Gupta]]
[[Category:Hindu poets|Gupta, Ishwarchandra]]
[[Category:People associated with the Bengal Renaissance]]
[[Category:People from North 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:People from North 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:Bengali people]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:19th-century poets]]
[[Category:Poets from British India]]

Latest revision as of 07:59, 7 November 2024

Ishwar Chandra Gupta
ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত
Born6 March 1812
Kanchrapara, 24 Parganas, Bengal Presidency, Company rule in India
Died23 January 1859(1859-01-23) (aged 46)
Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India
NationalityIndian
Occupation(s)Poet, scholar and writer

Ishwar Chandra Gupta (Bengali: ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র গুপ্ত; 6 March 1812 – 23 January 1859) was a Bengali poet and writer. Gupta was born in Kanchrapara, in Bengal.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Ishwar Chandra Gupta was born in a Baidya family. He was brought up in his uncle's house after the death of his mother. Gupta spent most of his childhood in Kolkata. At that time, poets were named Kobiwala and the kobiwalas were not so civilized in language. Sexual words and clashes were common. But Ishwar Chandra Gupta created a different style of poetry.

He started the newspaper Sambad Prabhakar with Jogendra Mohan Tagore on January 28, 1831,[1] which finally became a daily on June 4, 1839. Many Bengali writers of the 19th century started their careers with that magazine.[2] He reintroduced into Bengali poetry the mediaeval style with double meaning (already seen in Sandhyakaranandi and Bharatchandra):

কে বলে ঈশ্বর গুপ্ত, ব্যপ্ত চরাচর,
যাহার প্রভায় প্রভা পায় প্রভাকর।
Ke bole Ishwar Gupta, byapta charachar,
Jahar prabhaye prabha paye Prabhakar.

'Ishwar' means God, 'Gupta' means hidden and 'Prabhakar' is the sun. So a translation runs:

Who says God is hidden? He is omnipresent
From Him the Sun gets its luminescence.

Also, Ishwar (Chandra) Gupta ran the journal Prabhakar. So a second meaning of the poem, making a tongue-in-cheek reference to the author, runs:

Who says Ishwar (Gupta) is hidden? His reach touches the world
For his brilliance makes the Prabhakar luminescent.

Literary style

[edit]

He brought modern era of poetry in Bengali. He did not describe the life of Gods and Goddesses, but the daily life of human beings. He also wrote biographies of many Bengali poets and musicians.

Ishwarchandra Gupta often satirized the so-called modern class who blindly followed the colonial British power.

Tumi ma kalpataru
Amra shob posha goru
Shikhi ni shing bankano
Khai kebol khol-bichuli-ghash
Jano ranga amla
Tule mamla
Na bhange gamla
Ma!
Pele bhushi
Tatei kushi
Ghushi khele bachbo na!

Political views

[edit]

In his early days he was a conservative, opposing the Young Bengal movement as well as disapproving of widow remarriage. His views on widow remarriage put him at odds with Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. He was one of the earliest advocates of a Hindu view of Indian society. Later in his life, his views began to change and he championed the cause for the remarriage of virgin widows and women's education.[1]

Important works

[edit]
  • Life of Bharat Chandra Roy
  • Probodh Pravakara
  • Kobitabolir Saar Sangraha

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Kahaly, Anirudha (2012). "Gupta, Ishwar Chandra". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  2. ^ "Bangla Literary Magazine & Editor". Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
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