Nikita Lazarev: Difference between revisions

Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev
Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev
	Mindovsky House (Embassy of Austria), 1906
Born	1866; Moscow
Died	1932; Moscow
Nationality	Russian
Occupation	Architect
Practice	own practice
Buildings	Mindovsky House
Projects	Arbat and Prechistenka apartment buildings

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Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev (Russian: Никита Герасимович Лазарев) was a Russian civil engineer, contractor, real estate developer and Neoclassical architect, notable for his 1906 Mindovsky House in Khamovniki District of Moscow (now Embassy of Austria). According to Igor Grabar, Lazarev "led Arbat and Prechistenka neighborhoods into the new century" - his 1900s buildings concentrated in these upper-class areas.

Biography

Lazarev practice

Nikita Lazarev was born into an old wealthy family of Armenian descent; his ancestor, Ovakim Lazarev, founded the historical Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages (its building currently houses Embassy of Armenia) according to the will of his brother Ivan Lazarevich Lazarev. Nikita graduated from the Institute of Civil Engineers and operated as a partner in Lazarev and Strotter construction company.

Buildings of his own design prior to 1906 were typical Moscow Moderne version of Art Nouveau - never reaching the level of Lev Kekushev or Fyodor Schechtel. However, his turn to Neoclassicism produced a landmark, Mindovsky House.

Mindovsky House

Mindovsky family originated in Kineshma, where serf Ivan Ivanovich Mindovsky (1781–1853) launched his own textile mill. His grandson, Ivan Alexandrovich, commissioned the first historical Mindovsky House to Lev Kekushev (44, Povarskaya Street). Next of kin, Nikolay Ivanovich, commissioned the second Mindovsky House to Nikita Lazarev. Various members of the clan also owned apartment blocks in the city (including 9, Vspolny Lane by Fyodor Schechtel). Lazarev's Mindovsky House became a statement of neoclassical reaction against "decadent art". It stands next to two William Walcot's Art Nouveau mansions, on a strategic corner lot visible from Prechictenka Street.

In 1927-1938 the building housed Embassy of Austria. After the Anschluss of 1938, it was used as an exclusive hotel, housing guests like Joachim von Ribbentrop (August 1939) and Winston Churchill (October 1944). However, the rumour that Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was signed there is an urban legend . In April, 1955 the building became Austrian Embassy again. Mindovsky House is also known as the site of a fictional shooting in Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternak.

Private life

Nikita Lazarev's niece was married to Ivan Zholtovsky, however, two architects didn't get along too well (Belyutin). Lazarev, a member of an old a prolific family, was also related to Wassily Kandinsky and other artists. A sportsman and driving enthusiast, he was the active member of upper-class Moscow Automobile Society before 1917. He was also a member of Valery Bryusov's Literary Arts Circle (as well as Fyodor Schechtel. Lazarev's life after 1917 is scarcely documented; he remained in Soviet Moscow, lost his practice but retained a decent standard of living (Belyutin).

His son, professor Viktor Nikitich Lazarev, was a prominent historian of Byzantium. He was admitted to the Soviet Academy of Sciences together with Igor Grabar, a long-time friend of Lazarevs; neither Lazarev, nor Grabar ever were in the Communist Party.

Selected buildings

1902-1903 - Yechkin Hotel, 23 Arbat Street
1904 - 7, Volkhonka Street
1904-1906 - Tolstoy Hotel, 29 Arbat Street
1905-1906 - 43 Bolshaya Ordynka
1906 - Mindovsky House, 6 Prechistensky Lane
1906 - 10, Tverskoy Boulevard
1910 - 8, Tverskoy Boulevard
1911 - 68, Bolshaya Ordynka Street
1911-1912 17, Vspolny Lane

References

Russian: Нащокина М. В. Архитекторы московского модерна М., Жираф, 2005, ISBN 5-89832-043-1 (Maria Naschokina. All dates are referenced to pp. 313–316 of this edition)
Russian: Нащокина М. В. Московский модерн. М., изд. Жираф, 2005 ISBN 5-89832-042-3
Russian: Элий Белютин, "Лазаревский почерк" (Belyutin) [1]
Russian: Элий Белютин, "Мастер. Иван Владиславич Жолтовский (1867–1959)" (Belyutin) Archived October 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
Russian: official site Embassy of Austria

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox Architect
+{{Infobox architect
+|name=Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev
 |image=Wiki_mindovsky_house_by_lazarev.jpg
 |caption=Mindovsky House (Embassy of [[Austria]]), 1906
+|nationality=Russian
-|name=Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev
-|nationality=[[Russia]]
 |birth_date=1866
 |birth_place=[[Moscow]]
 |death_date=1932
 |death_place=[[Moscow]]
-|practice_name=own practice
+|practice=own practice
 |significant_buildings=Mindovsky House
 |significant_projects=Arbat and Prechistenka apartment buildings
 |awards=
-|}}
+}}
-'''Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev''' ({{lang-ru|Никита Герасимович Лазарев}}) was a Russian [[civil engineer]], [[contractor]], [[real estate]] developer and [[neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] architect, notable for his 1906 ''Mindovsky House'' in [[Khamovniki District]] of [[Moscow]] (now Embassy of [[Austria]]). According to [[Igor Grabar]], Lazarev "led Arbat and Prechistenka neighborhoods into the new century" - his 1900s  buildings concentrated in these upper-class areas.
+'''Nikita Gerasimovich Lazarev''' ({{langx|ru|Никита Герасимович Лазарев}}) was a Russian [[civil engineer]], [[General contractor|contractor]], [[real estate]] developer and [[neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] architect, notable for his 1906 ''Mindovsky House'' in [[Khamovniki District]] of [[Moscow]] (now Embassy of [[Austria]]). According to [[Igor Grabar]], Lazarev "led Arbat and Prechistenka neighborhoods into the new century" - his 1900s  buildings concentrated in these upper-class areas.
 ==Biography==
-====Lazarev practice====
+===Lazarev practice===
-Nikita Lazarev was born into an old wealthy family of [[Armenians|Armenian]] descent; his ancestor, [[Ovakim Lazarev]], founded the historical Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages (its building currently houses Embassy of [[Armenia]]). Nikita graduated from the Institute of Civil Engineers and operated as a partner in Lazarev and Strotter construction company.
+Nikita Lazarev was born into an old wealthy family of [[Armenians|Armenian]] descent; his ancestor, [[Ovakim Lazarev]], founded the historical [[Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages]] (its building currently houses Embassy of [[Armenia]]) according to the will of his brother [[Ivan Lazarevich Lazarev]]. Nikita graduated from the Institute of Civil Engineers and operated as a partner in Lazarev and Strotter construction company.
 Buildings of his own design prior to 1906 were typical ''Moscow Moderne'' version of [[Art Nouveau]] - never reaching the level of [[Lev Kekushev]] or [[Fyodor Schechtel]]. However, his turn to Neoclassicism produced a landmark, Mindovsky House.
-====Mindovsky House====
+===Mindovsky House===
-Mindovsky family originated in [[Kineshma]], where [[serf]] Ivan Ivanovich Mindovsky (1781-1853) launched his own textile mill. His grandson, Ivan Alexandrovich, commissioned the first historical Mindovsky House to [[Lev Kekushev]] (44, Povarskaya Street). Next of kin, Nikolay Ivanovich, commissioned the second Mindovsky House to Nikita Lazarev. Various members of the clan also owned apartment blocks in the city (including 9, Vspolny Lane by [[Fyodor Schechtel]]).
+Mindovsky family originated in [[Kineshma]], where [[serf]] Ivan Ivanovich Mindovsky (1781–1853) launched his own textile mill. His grandson, Ivan Alexandrovich, commissioned the first historical Mindovsky House to [[Lev Kekushev]] (44, Povarskaya Street). Next of kin, Nikolay Ivanovich, commissioned the second Mindovsky House to Nikita Lazarev. Various members of the clan also owned apartment blocks in the city (including 9, Vspolny Lane by [[Fyodor Schechtel]]). Lazarev's Mindovsky House became a statement of neoclassical reaction against "decadent art". It stands next to two [[William Walcot]]'s [[Art Nouveau]] mansions, on a strategic corner lot visible from [[Prechictenka Street]].
+In 1927-1938 the building housed [[Embassy of Austria in Moscow|Embassy of Austria]]. After the [[Anschluss]] of 1938, it was used as an exclusive hotel, housing guests like [[Joachim von Ribbentrop]] (August 1939) and [[Winston Churchill]] (October 1944). However, the rumour that [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]] was signed there is an [[urban legend]] . In April, 1955 the building became Austrian Embassy again. Mindovsky House is also known as the site of a fictional shooting in ''[[Doctor Zhivago (novel)|Doctor Zhivago]]'' by [[Boris Pasternak]].
-Lazarev's Mindovsky House became a statement of neoclassical reaction against "decadent art". It stands next to two [[William Walcot]]'s [[Art Nouveau]] mansions, on a strategic corner lot visible from [[Prechictenka Street]].
+===Private life===
-In 1927-1938 the building housed [[Embassy of Austria in Moscow|Embassy of Austria]]. After the [[Anschluss]] of 1938, it was used as an exclusive hotel, housing guests like [[Joachim von Ribbentrop]] (August 1939) and [[Winston Churchill]] (October 1944). However, the rumour that [[Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact]] was signed there is an [[urban legend]] . In April, 1955 the building became Austrian Embassy again.
+Nikita Lazarev's niece was married to [[Ivan Zholtovsky]], however, two architects didn't get along too well (Belyutin). Lazarev, a member of an old a prolific family, was also related to [[Wassily Kandinsky]] and other artists. A sportsman and driving enthusiast, he was the active member of upper-class Moscow Automobile Society before 1917. He was also a member of [[Valery Bryusov]]'s Literary Arts Circle (as well as [[Fyodor Schechtel]]. Lazarev's life after 1917 is scarcely documented; he remained in [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] Moscow, lost his practice but retained a decent standard of living (Belyutin).
-Mindovsky House is also known as the site of a fictional duel in [[Doctor Zhivago (novel)|Doctor Zhivago]] by [[Boris Pasternak]].
+His son, professor [[Viktor Nikitich Lazarev]], was a prominent historian of [[Byzantium]]. He was admitted to the [[Soviet Academy of Sciences]] together with [[Igor Grabar]], a long-time friend of Lazarevs; neither Lazarev, nor Grabar ever were in the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]].
-====Private life====
-Nikita Lazarev's niece was married to [[Ivan Zholtovsky]], however, two architects didn't get along too well (Belyutin). Lazarev, a member of an old a prolific family, was also related to [[Wassily Kandinsky]] and other artists.
-A sportman and driving enthusiast, he was the active member of upper-class Moscow Automobile Society before 1917. He was also a member of [[Valery Bryusov]]'s Literary Arts Circle (as well as [[Fyodor Schechtel]]. Lazarev's life after 1917 is scarcely documented; he remained in [[Soviet]] Moscow, lost his practice but retained a decent standard of living (Belyutin).
-His son, professor Viktor Nikitich Lazarev, was a prominent historian of [[Byzantium]]. He was admitted to Soviet Academy of Sciences together with Igor Grabar, a long-time friend of Lazarevs; neither Lazarev, nor Grabar ever were in the Communist Party.
 ==Selected buildings==
@@ Line 53: / Line 48: @@
 ==References==
-* Russian: Нащокина М. В. Архитекторы московского модерна М., Жираф, 2005, ISBN 5-89832-043-1  (''Maria Naschokina''. All dates are referenced to pp.313-316 of this edition)
+* Russian: Нащокина М. В. Архитекторы московского модерна М., Жираф, 2005, {{ISBN|5-89832-043-1}}  (''Maria Naschokina''. All dates are referenced to pp.&nbsp;313–316 of this edition)
-* Russian: Нащокина М. В. Московский модерн. М., изд. Жираф, 2005 ISBN 5-89832-042-3
+* Russian: Нащокина М. В. Московский модерн. М., изд. Жираф, 2005 {{ISBN|5-89832-042-3}}
-* Russian: Элий Белютин, "Лазаревский почерк" (Belyutin) [http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:ZL4qPgZ9rusJ:www.moskvam.ru/2003/04/belutin.htm+%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1]
+* Russian: Элий Белютин, "Лазаревский почерк" (Belyutin) [https://archive.today/20120905052307/http://www.moskvam.ru/2003/04/belutin.htm]
-* Russian: Элий Белютин, "Мастер. Иван Владиславич Жолтовский (1867–1959)" (Belyutin)  [http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:cBkWR8uNUCsJ:www.moskvam.ru/2003/01/belutin.htm+%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1]
+* Russian: Элий Белютин, "Мастер. Иван Владиславич Жолтовский (1867–1959)" (Belyutin)  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005081000/http://www.moskvam.ru/2003/01/belutin.htm |date=October 5, 2006 }}
 * Russian: official site [http://www.bmaa.gv.at/view.php3?r_id=1222&LNG=ru&version=text Embassy of Austria]
+{{authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Lazarev, Nikita}}
-[[Category:Russian architects]]
+[[Category:Architects from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Soviet architects]]
 [[Category:Art Nouveau architects]]
-[[Category:Neoclassical architects]]
+[[Category:People from the Russian Empire of Armenian descent]]
-[[Category:Russian Armenians]]
 [[Category:1866 births]]
 [[Category:1932 deaths]]
+[[Category:Civil engineers from the Russian Empire]]
-[[ru:Лазарев, Никита Герасимович]]