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Baddha Konasana (Sanskrit: बद्धकोणासन; IAST: baddhakoṇāsana), Bound Angle Pose,^[1] Butterfly Pose,^[2] or Cobbler's Pose (after the typical sitting position of Indian cobblers when they work),^[3] and historically called Bhadrasana,^[4] Throne Pose,^[4] is a seated asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise. If the knees rest on the floor, it is suitable as a meditation seat.^[4]

Etymology and origins

The name comes from the Sanskrit words बद्ध, Baddha meaning "bound", कोण, Koṇa meaning "angle",^[5] and आसन, Āsana meaning "posture" or "seat".^[6]

The name Baddha Konasana is relatively recent, but the pose is medieval, as the meditation seat Bhadrasana (from भद्रा Bhadra, "throne"^[7]) is described in the 15th century Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā 1.53-54.^[4]

Description

From sitting position with both the legs outstretched forward, hands by the sides, palms resting on the ground, fingers together pointing forward, the legs are hinged at the knees so the soles of the feet meet. The legs are grasped at the ankles and folded more until the heels reach the perineum. The knees move down to the ground, and with practice reach there; the body is erect and the gaze in front. The asana is held before coming back to the starting position. The thighs are stretched with care. When used for meditation, the hands are placed in Anjali mudra (prayer position) in front of the chest.^[8]

The pose strongly opens hip and groin,^[9] and is one of the few yoga asanas that can be practiced comfortably soon after eating, except for the forward-bending variation with the head on the floor. It is claimed in Light on Yoga, citing Grantly Dick Reed's Childbirth Without Fear, that the pose is beneficial to pregnant women, as regular practice reduces pain during delivery.^[8] If there is a groin or knee injury, the knees must be supported on folded blankets.^[1]

Variations

A common variant is Supta Baddha Konasana,^[10] Cobbler's Pose in Lying Position, from सुप्त, supta, meaning "supine" or "reclining".^[11]

In pregnancy, the pose can be practised reclining as "Wall Butterfly", with the buttocks and feet against a wall, feet together, the knees falling to the sides. The hands can be used to press the knees.^[12]

Tarasana, Star Pose, has the body leaning forwards over the clasped feet.^[13]

With the thighs supported on folded blankets, 10-pound sandbags may be placed on the inner thigh (near the groin) to assist the stretch.^[1]

Supta Baddha Konasana, Reclining Cobbler's Pose
Tarasana, Star Pose

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Bound Angle Pose". Yoga Journal. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
^ Owens, Ben. "Baddha Konasana: The Butterfly Pose". Gaia. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^ Claire, Thomas (2003). Yoga for Men: Postures for Healthy, Stress-Free Living. Career Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-56414-665-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "How to do Bhadrasana?". The Yoga Institute. 3 August 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
^ "Baddha Konasana". Ashtanga Yoga. Archived from the original on 5 April 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
^ Sinha, S. C. (1 June 1996). Dictionary of Philosophy. Anmol Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7041-293-9.
^ "Bhadrasana". SivaSakti.com. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
^ ^a ^b Iyengar 1991, pp. 128–129.
^ Swanson, Ann (2019). Science of yoga : understand the anatomy and physiology to perfect your practice. New York, New York: DK Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-4654-7935-8. OCLC 1030608283.
^ Bhagat (2004). Alternative Therapies. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. p. 40. ISBN 978-81-8061-220-6.
^ Mehta 1990, p. 81.
^ Lidell, Lucy, The Sivananda Yoga Centre (1983). The book of yoga. Ebury. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-85223-297-2. OCLC 12457963.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Tarasana". Yogapedia. Retrieved 4 February 2019.

Sources

Iyengar, B. K. S. (1991) [1966]. Light on Yoga. London: Thorsons. ISBN 978-0-00-714516-4. OCLC 51315708.
Mehta, Silva; Mehta, Mira; Mehta, Shyam (1990). Yoga: The Iyengar Way. Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 978-0-86318-420-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[YJ-1] "Bound Angle Pose". Yoga Journal. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2019.

[2] Owens, Ben. "Baddha Konasana: The Butterfly Pose". Gaia. Retrieved 18 October 2019.

[Claire2003-3] Claire, Thomas (2003). Yoga for Men: Postures for Healthy, Stress-Free Living. Career Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-56414-665-6.

[TYI-4] "How to do Bhadrasana?". The Yoga Institute. 3 August 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2019.

[5] "Baddha Konasana". Ashtanga Yoga. Archived from the original on 5 April 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2011.

[Sinha1996-6] Sinha, S. C. (1 June 1996). Dictionary of Philosophy. Anmol Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7041-293-9.

[7] "Bhadrasana". SivaSakti.com. Retrieved 5 January 2019.

[FOOTNOTEIyengar1991128–129-8] Iyengar 1991, pp. 128–129.

[Swanson_2019-9] Swanson, Ann (2019). Science of yoga : understand the anatomy and physiology to perfect your practice. New York, New York: DK Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-4654-7935-8. OCLC 1030608283.

[Bhagat2004-10] Bhagat (2004). Alternative Therapies. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. p. 40. ISBN 978-81-8061-220-6.

[FOOTNOTEMehta199081-11] Mehta 1990, p. 81.

[Lidell_1983-12] Lidell, Lucy, The Sivananda Yoga Centre (1983). The book of yoga. Ebury. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-85223-297-2. OCLC 12457963.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[13] "Tarasana". Yogapedia. Retrieved 4 February 2019.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Seated posture in hatha yoga}}
-[[File:Baddha Koṇāsana-bound angle.jpg|thumb|Baddha Koṇāsana / बद्धकोणसन / bound angle posture ]]
-[[File:Baddha konasana.jpg|thumb|Baddha Konasana]]
+[[File:Baddha konasana.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Baddha Konasana]]
+'''Baddha Konasana''' ({{langx|sa|बद्धकोणासन }}; [[IAST]]: ''baddhakoṇāsana''), '''Bound Angle Pose''',<ref name=YJ>{{cite web | url=http://www.yogajournal.com/poses/486 | title =Bound Angle Pose |publisher=[[Yoga Journal]] | access-date=8 June 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512144732/http://www.yogajournal.com/poses/486| archive-date=12 May 2011 | url-status=live}}</ref> '''Butterfly Pose''',<ref>{{cite web |last1=Owens |first1=Ben |title=Baddha Konasana: The Butterfly Pose |url=https://www.gaia.com/article/butterfly-pose-baddha-konasana |publisher=[[Gaiam|Gaia]] |access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref> or '''Cobbler's Pose''' (after the typical [[sitting]] position of Indian cobblers when they work),<ref name="Claire2003">{{cite book| last=Claire| first=Thomas| title=Yoga for Men: Postures for Healthy, Stress-Free Living| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yX1LchNb9xkC&pg=PA170| year=2003| publisher=Career Press| isbn=978-1-56414-665-6| page=170}}</ref> and historically called '''Bhadrasana''',<ref name="TYI">{{cite web |title=How to do Bhadrasana? |url=http://theyogainstitute.org/how-to-do-bhadrasana/ |publisher=[[The Yoga Institute]] |access-date=5 January 2019 |date=3 August 2018}}</ref> '''Throne Pose''',<ref name="TYI"/> is a seated [[asana]] in [[hatha yoga]] and modern [[yoga as exercise]]. If the knees rest on the floor, it is suitable as a [[meditation seat]].<ref name="TYI"/>
+== Etymology and origins ==
-'''Baddha Konasana''' ({{respell|BAH|dah}} {{respell|koh|NAH|sah-nah}}<ref>{{cite book
+The name comes from the Sanskrit words बद्ध, ''Baddha'' meaning "bound", कोण, ''Koṇa'' meaning "angle",<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ashtangayoga.info/practice/asana-vinyasa-series/primary-series-yoga-chikitsa/item/baddha-konasana-a/ | title=Baddha Konasana | publisher=Ashtanga Yoga | access-date=11 April 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110405152103/http://www.ashtangayoga.info/practice/asana-vinyasa-series/primary-series-yoga-chikitsa/item/baddha-konasana-a/ | archive-date=5 April 2011 | url-status=dead }}</ref> and आसन, ''Āsana'' meaning "posture" or "seat".<ref name="Sinha1996">{{cite book |last=Sinha |first=S. C. |title=Dictionary of Philosophy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-zzRvh1fRzEC&pg=PA18 |date=1 June 1996 |publisher=Anmol Publications |isbn=978-81-7041-293-9 |page=18}}</ref>
-| last1=Budilovsky
-| first1=Joan
-| last2=Adamson
-| first2=Eve
-| title=The complete idiot's guide to yoga
-| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=b5pE8-Oyly0C
-| accessdate=11 April 2011
-| edition=2
-| year=2000
-| publisher=Penguin
-| isbn=978-0-02-863970-3
-| page=196}}</ref>{{needs-IPA}}; {{lang-sa|बद्धकोणसन}}; [[IAST]]: ''baddhakoṇāsana''), '''Bound Angle Pose''',<ref> {{cite web | url = http://www.yogajournal.com/poses/486 | title = Yoga Journal - Bound Angle Pose | accessdate = 2011-04-09}}</ref> or '''Cobbler Pose''' (after the typical sitting position of Indian cobblers when they work)<ref name="Claire2003">{{cite book
-| last=Claire
-| first=Thomas
-| title=Yoga for Men: Postures for Healthy, Stress-Free Living
-| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=yX1LchNb9xkC&pg=PA170
-| accessdate=9 April 2011
-| year=2003
-| publisher=Career Press
-| isbn=978-1-56414-665-6
-| page=170}}</ref> is an [[asana]].
+The name Baddha Konasana is relatively recent, but the pose is medieval, as the [[meditation seat]] Bhadrasana (from भद्रा ''Bhadra'', "throne"<ref>{{cite web |title=Bhadrasana |url=https://www.sivasakti.com/yoga/asana/bhadrasana-the-throne-pose-2/ |publisher=SivaSakti.com |access-date=5 January 2019}}</ref>) is described in the 15th century ''[[Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā]]'' 1.53-54.<ref name="TYI"/>
-== Etymology ==
-http://www.ashtangayoga.info/practice/asana-vinyasa-series/primary-series-yoga-chikitsa/item/baddha-konasana-a/ | title = Baddha Konasana A - AshtangaYoga.info | accessdate = 2011-04-11}}</ref> and ''Asana'' (आसन, Āsana) meaning "posture" or "seat".<ref name="Sinha1996">{{cite book|last=Sinha|first=S.C.|title=Dictionary of Philosophy|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-zzRvh1fRzEC&pg=PA18|accessdate=9 April 2011|date=1 June 1996|publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.|isbn=978-81-7041-293-9|page=18}}</ref>
+[[File:Shoemaker, Rajasthan (6358519177).jpg|thumb|upright|A [[shoemaking|cobbler]] in [[Rajasthan]], working in Ardha Baddha Konasana]]
 == Description ==
-From sitting position with both the legs outstretched forward, hands by the sides, palms resting on the ground, fingers together pointing forward, the legs are hinged at the knees so the soles of the feet meet. The legs are grasped at the ankles and folded more until the heels reach the perineum. The knees remain on the ground, the body erect and the gaze in front. The pose is held before coming back to the starting position. The thighs are stretched with care.
+From sitting position with both the legs outstretched forward, hands by the sides, palms resting on the ground, fingers together pointing forward, the legs are hinged at the knees so the soles of the feet meet. The legs are grasped at the ankles and folded more until the heels reach the perineum. The knees move down to the ground, and with practice reach there; the body is erect and the gaze in front. The asana is held before coming back to the starting position. The thighs are stretched with care. When used for meditation, the hands are placed in [[Anjali mudra]] (prayer position) in front of the chest.{{sfn|Iyengar|1991|pp=128–129}}
+The pose strongly opens hip and groin,<ref name="Swanson 2019">{{cite book |last=Swanson |first=Ann |title=Science of yoga : understand the anatomy and physiology to perfect your practice |publisher=DK Publishing |publication-place=New York, New York |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-4654-7935-8 |oclc=1030608283 |page=50}}</ref> and is one of the few yoga asanas that can be practiced comfortably soon after eating, except for the forward-bending variation with the head on the floor. It is claimed in ''[[Light on Yoga]]'', citing Grantly Dick Reed's ''Childbirth Without Fear'', that the pose is [[Yoga for women#Pregnancy|beneficial to pregnant women]], as regular practice reduces pain during delivery.{{sfn|Iyengar|1991|pp=128–129}} If there is a groin or knee injury, the knees must be supported on folded blankets.<ref name=YJ/>
-== Benefits ==
+== Variations ==
-It is a strong groin- and hip-opener and one of the few asanas that can be practiced comfortably soon after eating as long as the head is not rested on the floor. The pose is specially recommended for those suffering from urinary disorders. The pelvis, the abdomen and the back are stimulated by a plentiful blood supply.
+A common variant is Supta Baddha Konasana,<ref name="Bhagat2004">{{cite book | author=Bhagat| title=Alternative Therapies| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oKfvc8bvGwsC&pg=PA40| year=2004| publisher=Jaypee Brothers Publishers| isbn=978-81-8061-220-6| page=40}}</ref> Cobbler's Pose in Lying Position, from सुप्त, ''supta'', meaning "supine" or "reclining".{{sfn|Mehta|1990|p=81}}
+In [[pregnancy]], the pose can be practised reclining as "Wall Butterfly", with the buttocks and feet against a wall, feet together, the knees falling to the sides. The hands can be used to press the knees.<ref name="Lidell 1983">{{cite book | last=Lidell | first=Lucy, The Sivananda Yoga Centre | title=The book of yoga | publisher=Ebury | year=1983 | isbn=978-0-85223-297-2 | oclc=12457963 | page=[https://archive.org/details/bookofyoga0000lide/page/165 165] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/bookofyoga0000lide/page/165 }}</ref>
-It relieves sciatic pain and prevents hernia. If practised regularly, it relieves pain and heaviness in the testicles. For women, coupled with [[Sarvangasana]], it checks irregular menses and helps the ovaries to function properly. <ref>{{cite book|last=Iyengar|first=B. K. S.|authorlink=B. K. S. Iyengar|title=Illustrated Light On Yoga|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pbx5AAAACAAJ|accessdate=20 February 2012|date=1 October 2005|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-81-7223-606-9}}</ref> Regular practise of this posture may be beneficial for the lumbar region, flat feet, high blood pressure, infertility and asthma.{{Citation needed|reason=feb 2010|date=February 2010}}
+Tarasana, Star Pose, has the body leaning forwards over the clasped feet.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tarasana |url=https://www.yogapedia.com/definition/9929/tarasana |publisher=Yogapedia |access-date=4 February 2019}}</ref>
-== Variations ==
+With the thighs [[Yoga using props|supported on folded blankets]], 10-pound sandbags may be placed on the inner thigh (near the groin) to assist the stretch.<ref name=YJ/>
-Supta Baddha Koṇāsana,<ref name="Bhagat2004">{{cite book
-| author=Bhagat
+<gallery mode=packed>
-| title=Alternative Therapies
+File:Kashinath asana.jpg|Supta Baddha Konasana, Reclining Cobbler's Pose
-| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=oKfvc8bvGwsC&pg=PA40
+File:Mr-yoga-star-pose.jpg|Tarasana, Star Pose
-| accessdate=9 April 2011
+</gallery>
-| year=2004
-| publisher=Jaypee Brothers Publishers
-| isbn=978-81-8061-220-6
-| page=40}}</ref> Cobbler's Pose in Lying Position, ''supta'' (सुप्त) meaning "supine" or "reclining".
 == See also ==
@@ Line 55: / Line 35: @@
 == References ==
-{{Reflist}}
+{{Reflist|30em}}
-== Further reading ==
-* {{cite book|last=Iyengar|first=B. K. S.|authorlink=B. K. S. Iyengar|title=Illustrated Light On Yoga|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pbx5AAAACAAJ|accessdate=9 April 2011|date=1 October 2005|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-81-7223-606-9}}
-* {{cite book|last=Saraswati|first=Swami Satyananda|authorlink=Swami Satyananda Saraswati|title=Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=YpR1QgAACAAJ|accessdate=9 April 2011|date=1 August 2003|publisher=Nesma Books India|isbn=978-81-86336-14-4}}
-* {{cite book|last=Saraswati|first=Swami Satyananda|authorlink=Swami Satyananda Saraswati|title=A Systematic Course in the Ancient Tantric Techniques of Yoga and Kriya|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=eWOrAAAACAAJ|accessdate=9 April 2011|date=January 2004|publisher=Nesma Books India|isbn=978-81-85787-08-4}}
+==Sources==
-== External links ==
+{{Commonscat|Baddha Konasana}}
+* {{cite book | last=Iyengar | first=B. K. S. | author-link=B. K. S. Iyengar | title=[[Light on Yoga]] | publisher=Thorsons | publication-place=London | year=1991 |orig-year=1966 | isbn=978-0-00-714516-4 | oclc=51315708 }}
-* [http://yoga.about.com/od/yogaposes/a/baddhakonasana.htm Technique]
+* {{cite book |last=Mehta |first=Silva; Mehta, Mira; Mehta, Shyam |author-link=Mira Mehta |date=1990 |title=Yoga: The Iyengar Way |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |isbn=978-0-86318-420-8 }}
 {{Asana}}
-{{Yoga}}
+{{Yoga as exercise}}
+{{Hatha yoga}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Baddha Konasana}}
-[[Category:Alternative medicine]]
-[[Category:Asanas]]
+[[Category:Sitting asanas]]
-[[Category:Hinduism]]
+[[Category:Meditation asanas]]
-[[Category:Meditation]]
+[[Category:Medieval Hatha Yoga asanas]]
-[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]
+[[Category:Hip-opening asanas]]
 [[ru:Растягивающие асаны#Баддха Конасана]]
-[[ml:ബദ്ധകോണാസനം]]

v t e Hatha yoga
Subtle body	Three bodies Five sheaths Chakra Nadi Sushumna Prana
Texts (Asanas)	Ancient meditation seats Darshana Upanishad, Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa, Goraksha Sataka Gomukhasana Muktasana Padmasana Siddhasana Simhasana Sopasrayasana Sukhasana Svastikasana Virasana Ancient non-meditation Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā, Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa Dandasana Kurmasana c. 7th C. Ahirbudhnya Samhita Kukkutasana c. 10th C. Vimanarcanakalpa Mayurasana c. 11th C. Amritasiddhi, Hemachandra's Yogashastra Muktasana Shirshasana 12th C. Amaraugha 13th C. Dattatreya Yoga Shastra, Goraksha Shataka, Vasishtha Samhita, Vivekamārtaṇḍa Viparita Karani 14th C. Khecarīvidyā, Shiva Samhita, Sharngadhara-paddhati, Yogabīja, Yogatārāvalī Gorakshasana Paschimottanasana 15th C. Hatha Yoga Pradipika Baddha Konasana Dhanurasana Matsyendrasana Utkatasana 17th C. Gheranda Samhita, Hatha Ratnavali, Yogacintamani, Bahr al-Hayāt Bakasana Bhujangasana Kakasana Kraunchasana Makarasana Mandukasana Matsyasana Vajrasana Vrikshasana 18th C. Hathabhyasa-paddhati, Joga Pradipika Adho Mukha Vrikshasana 19th C. Sritattvanidhi Akarna Dhanurasana Bhairavasana Durvasasana Garudasana Halasana Navasana Pashasana Setu Bandha Sarvangasana Tittibhasana Urdhva Dhanurasana Late 1905 Yogasopana Purvacatuska 1943 Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience
Mudras	Mahamudra Maha Bandha Jalandhara Bandha Mula Bandha Uddiyana Bandha Viparita Karani Khechari mudra Vajroli mudra
Shatkarmas	Dhauti Basti Kapalabhati Nauli Neti Trataka
Pranayama	Anuloma Bhastrika Bhramari Kumbhaka Ujjayi
Related	Modern yoga Nath Roots of Yoga Yoga Yoga as exercise Yoga using props Category:Medieval Hatha Yoga asanas