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{{Short description|Russian-born British scholar (1899–1979)}}
'''Eugène Vinaver''' (born {{lang-ru|Евгений Максимович Винавер}}, 1899-1979) was a French and British literary scholar.
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox academic
| honorific_prefix = <!-- see [[MOS:CREDENTIAL]] and [[MOS:HONORIFIC]] -->
| name = Eugène Vinaver
| honorific_suffix =
| image = File:Eugène Vinaver Truro 1930 (cropped).jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Vinaver in 1930
| native_name = Евгений Максимович Винавер
| native_name_lang = Russian
| birth_name = Yevgeniĭ Maksimovich Vinaver
| birth_date = {{birth date|1899|6|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia
| death_date = {{death date and age|1979|7|21|1899|6|18}}
| death_place = [[Kent]], England
| nationality =
| citizenship =
| other_names =
| occupation =
| period =
| known_for =
| title =
| boards = <!--board or similar positions extraneous to main occupation-->
| spouse = {{marriage |Elizabeth Malet Vaudrey |1939}}
| partner =
| children = 1
| parents =
| relatives =
| awards = <!--notable national-level awards only-->
| website =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Oxford University]]
| thesis_title = Le Roman de Tristan et Iseut dans l'oeuvre de Thomas Malory
| thesis_url =
| thesis_year = 1925
| school_tradition =
| doctoral_advisor = [[Joseph Bédier]] and [[Alfred Jeanroy]]
| academic_advisors = [[Mildred Pope]]
| influences = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| era =
| discipline = [[Medieval literature]]
| sub_discipline = [[Chivalric romance]], [[Arthurian literature]]
| workplaces = [[University of Manchester]]
| doctoral_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| notable_students =
| main_interests =
| notable_works = ''[[Le Morte d'Arthur]]''
| notable_ideas =
| influenced = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Eugène Vinaver''' ({{langx|ru|Евгений Максимович Винавер}} ''Yevgeniĭ Maksimovich Vinaver'', 18 June 1899 – 21 July 1979) was a Russian-born British literary scholar who is best known today for his edition of the works of Sir [[Thomas Malory]].


== Early life ==
Vinaver was born [[June 18]], [[1899]] in [[Saint-Petersburg]] a son of Russian lawyer and politician [[Maxim Vinaver]] who emigrated to France in 1919. Eugene Vinaver studied in [[École pratique des hautes études]] where he was a pupil of [[Joseph Bedier]]. From the late 1920s he lived in England. He received his Doctor's degree in the [[Oxford University]] in 1950.
Vinaver was born in [[Saint Petersburg]], the son of [[History of the Jews in Russia|Jewish-Russian]] lawyer, [[Constitutional Democratic Party|national politician]],<ref>{{cite book |title=The Life and Work of S.M. Dubnov: Diaspora Nationalism and Jewish History |series=The Modern Jewish Experience |author=Sophie Dubnov-Erlich |year=1991 |location=[[Bloomington, Indiana]] |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |page=130 |isbn=978-0-253-31836-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vpBH76XUE2IC&q=%22Maxim+Vinaver%22+PETERSBURG&pg=PA130 |access-date=17 June 2015 }}</ref> and Jewish community leader<ref>{{cite book |title=Simon Dubnow's New Judaism: Diaspora Nationalism and the World History of the Jews |series=Supplements to the Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy (Book 21) |author=Robert M. Seltzer |year=2013 |location=Leiden |publisher=[[Brill Academic Publishers|Brill]] |page=140 |isbn=9789004260528 }}</ref> [[Maxim Vinaver]], who emigrated to France in 1919.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Theater of Michel Vinaver |series=Theater: Theory/Text/Performance |author=David Bradby |year=1993 |publisher=University of Michigan Press |page=153 |isbn=978-0-472-10326-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WwM1RCudtoAC&q=%22Maxim+Vinaver%22+PETERSBURG&pg=PA153 |access-date=17 June 2015 }}</ref>


Eugene Vinaver studied at the [[École pratique des hautes études]] in Paris, where he was a pupil of [[Joseph Bédier]].
In 1928, Eugene Vinaver founded in Oxford the Arthurian society, which published two volumes under the title ''Arthuriana'' (1929, 1930). This society was renamed [[Society for the study of the medieval languages and literatures]]. Arthuriana became ''Medium Aevum''. In 1948 [[international Arthurian society]] was organized by Eugene Vinaver and [[Jean Frappier]].


== Life in England ==
Eugene Vinaver published in 1947 a new edition of Malory's ''[[Morte d'Arthur]]'', based on a manuscript of XV century discovered in Manchester in 1934 and argued that Malory rather wrote an ensemble of autonomous tales.
From the late 1920s, he lived in England (one of his teachers was [[Mildred Pope]]<ref name=stuard>{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Elspeth |editor=Jane Chance |chapter=Mildred K. Pope (1872–1956): Anglo-Norman Scholar |title=Women medievalists and the academy |year=2005 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |location=Madison |isbn=978-0-299-20750-2 |pages=147–56 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5QrnjT2NT5MC}}</ref>) and in 1933 he was appointed Professor of French Language and Literature at the [[University of Manchester]]. He received his doctorate from [[Oxford University]] in 1950.


[[File:Truro 1930 photo 1 Arthurian Society photographer unknown.jpg|thumb|The Arthurian congress at [[Truro]] in [[Cornwall]], 1930]]
He was a correspondent member of the [[British Academy]] and the [[Medieval Academy of America]], a foreign member of [[Académie royale de langue et de littérature française]] of Belgium.
In 1928, Vinaver founded in Oxford the Arthurian Society, which published two volumes under the title ''Arthuriana'' (1929, 1930). This society was renamed the Society for the Study of the Medieval Languages and Literatures. ''Arthuriana'' became ''Medium Aevum''. In 1948, the [[International Arthurian Society]] was organized by Eugène Vinaver and Jean Frappier.


In 1947, Eugène Vinaver published a new edition of Malory's ''[[Morte d'Arthur]]'', based on the 15th-century [[Le Morte d'Arthur#The Winchester Manuscript|Winchester Manuscript]] which W.F. Oakeshott had discovered in the Fellows' Library at [[Winchester College]] in 1934. He noted the structural differences between the text in the manuscript and Caxton's edition of ''[[Morte d'Arthur]]'', such as chapter headings and divisions, and wording changes.
Vinaver died on [[July 21]], [[1979]].


In addition to his interest in Arthurian legend, Vinaver was also a recognised authority on [[Jean Racine|Racine]] and [[Flaubert]].
== Works ==

*''Form and Meaning in Medieval Romance'', 1966
Vinaver was a correspondent member of the [[British Academy]], laureate of the [[French Academy of Sciences]], and the [[Medieval Academy of America]], and a foreign member of Académie royale de langue et de littérature française of Belgium. He was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor.
*''À la recherche d'une poétique médiévale'', 1970

*''The Rise of Romance'', 1971
Vinaver died in [[Kent]] on 21 July 1979 of [[malignant lymphoma]].<ref name="yee">{{Cite AV media notes |title=Eugène Vinaver's Magnificent Malory: Exhibit Guide |last=Yee |first=Pamela M. |url=https://d.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/text/yee-eugene-vinavers-magnificent-malory-exhibit-guide |date=2013 |access-date=29 March 2021 |type=pamphlet |publisher=[[University of Rochester|Rossell Hope Robbins Library]] |location=[[Rochester, Michigan]]}}</ref>

== Selected works ==
* French translation of the Russian lyrics to Lazare Saminsky's opera ''La Galliarde d'une Peste Joyeuse'',<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb43254746g |title=La Galliarde d'une peste joyeuse (the Gagliarda of a merry plague) opéra-ballet en un acte. Partition, pour piano |date=1926 |publisher=éditions, Maurice Sénart |location=Paris}}</ref> 1924
* ''The Works of Sir Thomas Malory'' (three volumes), 1947, 1967 (second edition)
* ''The Works of Sir Thomas Malory'' (one volume), 1954
* ''Form and Meaning in Medieval Romance'', 1966
* ''À la recherche d'une poétique médiévale'', 1970
* ''The Rise of Romance'', 1971


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101065488/ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]
* [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101065488/ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]
*[http://www.arllfb.be/composition/membres/vinaver.html Biography in French]
* [http://www.arllfb.be/composition/membres/vinaver.html Biography] {{in lang|fr}}
{{UK-academic-bio-stub}}
* [http://www.internationalarthuriansociety.com/Archives_of_the_Society International Arthurian Society; Archives of the Society]
{{France-academic-bio-stub}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Lifetime|1899|1979|Vinaver, Eugene}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vinaver, Eugene}}
[[Category:Writers from Paris]]
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
[[Category:French scholars]]
[[Category:French scholars]]
[[Category:Arthurian scholars]]
[[Category:University of Paris alumni]]
[[Category:Jews from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:French medievalists]]
[[Category:École pratique des hautes études alumni]]
[[Category:Comparative literature academics]]
[[Category:Comparative literature academics]]
[[Category:British academics]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:Winners of the Prix Broquette-Gonin (literature)]]
[[Category:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to France]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Manchester]]
[[Category:Scholars of English literature]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America]]
[[Category:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy]]


{{UK-academic-bio-stub}}
{{France-academic-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 16:04, 7 November 2024

Eugène Vinaver
Евгений Максимович Винавер
Vinaver in 1930
Born
Yevgeniĭ Maksimovich Vinaver

(1899-06-18)18 June 1899
Saint Petersburg, Russia
DiedJuly 21, 1979(1979-07-21) (aged 80)
Kent, England
Spouse
Elizabeth Malet Vaudrey
​
​
(m. 1939)​
Children1
Academic background
Alma materOxford University
ThesisLe Roman de Tristan et Iseut dans l'oeuvre de Thomas Malory (1925)
Doctoral advisorJoseph Bédier and Alfred Jeanroy
Other advisorsMildred Pope
Academic work
DisciplineMedieval literature
Sub-disciplineChivalric romance, Arthurian literature
InstitutionsUniversity of Manchester
Notable worksLe Morte d'Arthur

Eugène Vinaver (Russian: Евгений Максимович Винавер Yevgeniĭ Maksimovich Vinaver, 18 June 1899 – 21 July 1979) was a Russian-born British literary scholar who is best known today for his edition of the works of Sir Thomas Malory.

Early life

[edit]

Vinaver was born in Saint Petersburg, the son of Jewish-Russian lawyer, national politician,[1] and Jewish community leader[2] Maxim Vinaver, who emigrated to France in 1919.[3]

Eugene Vinaver studied at the École pratique des hautes études in Paris, where he was a pupil of Joseph Bédier.

Life in England

[edit]

From the late 1920s, he lived in England (one of his teachers was Mildred Pope[4]) and in 1933 he was appointed Professor of French Language and Literature at the University of Manchester. He received his doctorate from Oxford University in 1950.

The Arthurian congress at Truro in Cornwall, 1930

In 1928, Vinaver founded in Oxford the Arthurian Society, which published two volumes under the title Arthuriana (1929, 1930). This society was renamed the Society for the Study of the Medieval Languages and Literatures. Arthuriana became Medium Aevum. In 1948, the International Arthurian Society was organized by Eugène Vinaver and Jean Frappier.

In 1947, Eugène Vinaver published a new edition of Malory's Morte d'Arthur, based on the 15th-century Winchester Manuscript which W.F. Oakeshott had discovered in the Fellows' Library at Winchester College in 1934. He noted the structural differences between the text in the manuscript and Caxton's edition of Morte d'Arthur, such as chapter headings and divisions, and wording changes.

In addition to his interest in Arthurian legend, Vinaver was also a recognised authority on Racine and Flaubert.

Vinaver was a correspondent member of the British Academy, laureate of the French Academy of Sciences, and the Medieval Academy of America, and a foreign member of Académie royale de langue et de littérature française of Belgium. He was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor.

Vinaver died in Kent on 21 July 1979 of malignant lymphoma.[5]

Selected works

[edit]
  • French translation of the Russian lyrics to Lazare Saminsky's opera La Galliarde d'une Peste Joyeuse,[6] 1924
  • The Works of Sir Thomas Malory (three volumes), 1947, 1967 (second edition)
  • The Works of Sir Thomas Malory (one volume), 1954
  • Form and Meaning in Medieval Romance, 1966
  • À la recherche d'une poétique médiévale, 1970
  • The Rise of Romance, 1971

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Sophie Dubnov-Erlich (1991). The Life and Work of S.M. Dubnov: Diaspora Nationalism and Jewish History. The Modern Jewish Experience. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-253-31836-7. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  2. ^ Robert M. Seltzer (2013). Simon Dubnow's New Judaism: Diaspora Nationalism and the World History of the Jews. Supplements to the Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy (Book 21). Leiden: Brill. p. 140. ISBN 9789004260528.
  3. ^ David Bradby (1993). The Theater of Michel Vinaver. Theater: Theory/Text/Performance. University of Michigan Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-472-10326-3. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  4. ^ Kennedy, Elspeth (2005). "Mildred K. Pope (1872–1956): Anglo-Norman Scholar". In Jane Chance (ed.). Women medievalists and the academy. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 147–56. ISBN 978-0-299-20750-2.
  5. ^ Yee, Pamela M. (2013). Eugène Vinaver's Magnificent Malory: Exhibit Guide (pamphlet). Rochester, Michigan: Rossell Hope Robbins Library. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
  6. ^ La Galliarde d'une peste joyeuse (the Gagliarda of a merry plague) opéra-ballet en un acte. Partition, pour piano. Paris: éditions, Maurice Sénart. 1926.


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