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{{short description|Pashto language poet from Pakistan}}
{{short description|Afghan Pashto Poet}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2020}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{copy edit|date=June 2020}}
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{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Hamza Shinwari<br />حمزہ شينواری
| name = Ameer Hamza Shinwari
امیر حمزہ شینواری
⚫
| birth_date = 1907
حمزہ بابا شینواری
⚫
| birth_place = [[Landi Kotal]], [[Khyber Agency]], [[British India]] (present day [[Pakistan]])
| death_date = February, 1994
| native_name = Hamza BaBa
⚫
| birth_date = 1907
⚫
| resting_place = [[Landi Kotal]], [[Khyber Agency]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]]
⚫
| birth_place = [[Landi Kotal]], [[North-West Frontier Province|NWFP]], [[British India]] {{small|(Now, [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]])}}
⚫
| known_for = [[Pashto]] and [[Urdu]] poetry
| notable_works = Ghazawanay, Baheer, Yoon, etc.
| death_date = 18 February 1994
⚫
| resting_place = [[Landi Kotal]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]]
| home_town = Landi Kotal
| burial_place = [[Landi Kotal]], [[Khyber District]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]]
| parents = Bazmeer Khan
⚫
| known_for = [[Pashto]] and [[Urdu]] poetry
| notable_works = {{ubl|Ghazawanay|Baheer|Yoon|Tazkira-e-Satariya|Tajaliyat-e-Muhammadia|Kulyaat}}
}}
}}


'''Ameer Hamza Shinwari''' ([[Pashto language|Pashto]]: '''امیرحمزه شينواری'''), commonly known as '''Hamza Baba''' ([[Pashto language|Pashto]]: حمزه بابا‎), was a prominent [[Pashto]]-language poet. He was born in [[Landi Kotal]], in the [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] of Pakistan in 1907 and died in February 1994.
'''Amir Hamza Khan Shinwari''' ({{langx|ps|اميرحمزه خان}}), commonly known as '''Hamza Baba''' ({{lang|ps|حمزه بابا}}) was a prominent [[Pashto]] poet, playwright and author. His works are studied at Master-level at the [[University of Peshawar]]. He is considered a bridge between classic [[Pashto literature]] and modern forms. {{cn span|He founded the ''Khyber School'' in Pashto literature. A number of notable poets of this school, such as Nazir Shinwari, Khatir Afridi, and Khyber Afridi were his pupils.|date=July 2022}}


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Hamza was born in [[Landi Kotal]], [[Khyber District]],<ref name="dawn"/> as the fourth of five sons in the house of Malik Bazmir Khan. The family was known for upholding [[Pashtunwali]] tradition. Orphaned early in life, he was raised by an elder brother, Bawar Khan. His early experience of formal education set the pattern for the remainder of his schooling. His primary-school teacher set the six-year-old to writing out the alphabet; Hamza received rather severe punishment when he instead followed his artistic inclinations and drew human figures. The incident deterred him from attending school; from this young age he would roam the local area, returning home at the same time as his school fellows. When his long-term absence from school was noted, his brother enrolled him in the [[Islamia Collegiate School]] in [[Peshawar]]. To attend, Hamza had to board in a hostel in the city. He endured what was for him a miserable experience for as long as he could, leaving school permanently during the tenth grade.<ref name=intro>{{cite book |author1=Raj Wali Shah Khattak |title=Introduction to Pashtun Culture |date=2010 |publisher=University Publishers |location=Peshawar |pages=126–132 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/194097011IntroductionToPashtunCulture/page/n69/ |chapter=Hamza Shinwari (1907-1994): A Biographical Sketch}}</ref>
Shinwari was born in [[Khyber Agency]], as the fifth son of Brameer Khan.


⚫
== Career ==
In 1915, he enrolled in a primary school. When the teacher asked him to write the [[Urdu]] alphabet (Alif, Be, Fei....) he instead displayed his artistic abilities and drew a human figure. Subsequently, the teacher beat him, making Shinwari dislike school.
As early as the fifth grade Hamza began writing poetry in Urdu; at this time there was little verse published in Pashto. When his {{transl|ar|[[murshid]]}} (spiritual guide), Khawaja Syed Abdul Sattar Shah, advised him to write in his [[First language|mother tongue]] [[Pashto]], he followed that guidance.<ref name="tanqeed">{{cite magazine |last1=Caron |first1=James |title=The Lives of Amir Hamza Shinwari |url=https://www.tanqeed.org/2016/02/personal-history-against-an-imperial-border-the-lives-of-amir-hamza-shinwari/ |magazine=Tanqeed |issue=10 |date=February 2016 |orig-date=Print issue: Winter 2015}}</ref> One reviewer commented in 2011:<ref name="dawn"/>{{bq|1=Baba may not have been a first-rate Urdu poet, but once he started composing verses in Pashto, he perfected Pashto ghazal to the extent that Pashtun critics conferred on him the title, Baba-e-Pashto ghazal.|2=From ''Dawn'''s ''Inpaper'' magazine (2011)}}


When Shinwari worked on the railways, he had very little money. He received a low-income certificate and quit. He travelled to [[Mumbai]] to work in the film industry but failed to establish himself.<ref name=intro/>
He went to Islamia Collegiate School in the fifth grade and started writing poetry in Urdu. He wrote many tales ([[Urdu literature|Afsana]]). He was chosen to write poetry in [[Urdu literature|Urdu]] initially and contributed to Urdu literature.


Hamza's literary influences included Mirza Khan Ansari and [[Khushal Khan Khattak]].<ref name="tanqeed"/> In the early 1940s, his poetry focused on romanticism. He wrote about different aspects of romance.
Once his Peer-O-Murshid (teacher) Khawaja Syed Abdul Sattar Shah advised him to write in his [[First language|mother tongue]] [[Pashto language|Pashto]]. Since he could not be very successful in Urdu. Following his teacher's instructions, he began to write in [[Pashto language|Pashto]].


⚫
Hamza was also a critic and a playwright, producing 200 plays for [[Radio Pakistan]], features, critical essays, and research papers for different literary newspapers of [[Pakistan]].<ref name="dawn"/>
He wrote his first Pashto poem [[ghazal]] in 1933: -

<poem>Za da yaar da makh pa shama zei da danesta swazama,
Shame tha bha ghura hase be aqala parwa na kawei.
Zaa saa dar hada mashahoor sharab nushein keiyam,
Zam che mekhanei tha istaqbal me mekhane kawei.</poem>

⚫
== Career ==
When Shinwari began working in the railways, he had very little money. He had received a low-income certificate, leading him to quit. He then travelled to [[Mumbai]] to work in the film industry; however, he was failed to establish himself. Coming via [[Ajmer Sharif Dargah|Ajmer Sharif]] with his brother on Basant Maila. Wali Sb Nisar Ahmed, with his co-Qawal, was singing Aaj Khawaja Moheen Uddin k Ghar Aaj Easy Hai Basant, which inspired Hamza to start crying. It was his turning point to [[Sufiism]]. Hamza was inspired by Mirza Khan Ansari and [[Khushal Khan Khattak]]. In the early 1940s, his poetry was related to romanticism.

He wrote about different aspects of romance and placed [[Pukhtoon]] culture in Ghazals. [[Ameer Karor]] was the first poet of Pashto in the tenth century CE. Before Hamza, no-one concentrated on Pashto ghazals. He is called the father of [[Ghazal]]. Though Khushal Khan did poetry related to the war, Hamza touched the side of Pukhtoon culture of love. He linked [[tasawuf]] with Ghazal. He liked Khatir's poetry.

⚫
Hamza was also a critic and a playwright, producing 200 plays for [[Radio Pakistan]], features, critical essays and research papers for different literary newspapers of [[Pakistan]].


== Influence ==
== Influence ==
He belonged to the [[Shinwari (Pashtun tribe)|Shinwari tribe]] of the ethnic Pashtuns. His work is considered a fusion between classic and modern poetry. He wrote classical [[poetry]], blended it with recent innovations, and introduced new ideas in [[Pashto language|Pashto]] [[Ghazals]]. He is also known as the father of Pashto Ghazals.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=father of Pashto Ghazals|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/611114/poetry-celebrating-the-father-of-pashto-ghazal|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>
He belonged to the [[Shinwari|Shinwari tribe]] of the ethnic [[Pashtuns]]. His work is considered a fusion between classic and modern poetry. He wrote classical [[poetry]], blended it with recent innovations, and introduced new ideas in Pashtan [[ghazal]]s. He is also known as the father of Pashto Ghazals.<ref name="dawn">{{cite magazine |title=Celebrating the father of Pashto ghazal |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/611114/poetry-celebrating-the-father-of-pashto-ghazal |magazine=Dawn Magazine |date=6 March 2011 |language=en}}</ref>


⚫
== Personal life ==
According to Rehman Saleem, I found his status a sweet river where some quenched their thirst; some watered their fields with his knowledge. In short, everyone benefits with his knowledge. Syed Tahir Bukhari was Jaana sheen and khalifa of Hamza in Cheeshteya line. He got Bhait on the hand of Hamza. He has the honour of translating his two books on Tassauf Tajalleyat-e-Muhammadeya and Tazkera-e-Satareya from Pashto to Urdu in 1967.{{clarification needed|date=June 2020|reason=Quoted section is unclear.}}{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
Hamza lived in Landi Kotal; {{cn span|his home was in Muhalla Sakhi Shah Mardan.|date=July 2022}} He died in February 1994 and is buried in [[Khyber District]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile: Ameer Hamza Shinwari |url=https://thepeshawar.com/thekhyber/thekhyber-march-2013/profile-ameer-hamza-shinwari/ |website=The Peshawar |date=30 March 2013}}</ref>


He lived for some thirty years in Mardan, [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]].{{cn|date=July 2022}}


⚫
==References==
Hamza's work on Pashto ghazals included the following Type of phrases:
⚫
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
*''sta pa annango ke da hamza da weeno sraa dhe''
* {{cite news |title=Death anniversary of Pashto poet Amir Hamza Shinwari observed |url=https://www.nation.com.pk/19-Feb-2021/death-anniversary-of-pashto-poet-amir-hamza-shinwari-observed |work=The Nation |date=19 February 2021}}
*''Ta shwe da pukhto ghazaala zwan za dhe baba kram''
* {{cite news |author1=Mohammad Taqi |title=Baheer: three currents of Hamza Shinwari's poetry |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/111243/baheer-three-currents-of-hamza-shinwaris-poetry/ |work=Daily Times |date=27 July 2011 |id=[Opinion-editorial]}}

⚫
== Personal life ==
Hamza lived in [[Landi Kotal]]; His home was in Muhalla Sakhi Shah Mardan. He died in February 1994 and is buried in [[Khyber Agency]].

⚫
==References==
⚫
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
* Shinwari poem "''ځم''" at [http://www.chakdara.com/pushto-poetry/ameer-hamza-shinwari.php Chakdara.com]
* Hamza Shinwari poem {{lang|ps|ځم}} at [http://www.chakdara.com/pushto-poetry/ameer-hamza-shinwari.php Chakdara.com]


{{Pashto literature}}
{{Pashto literature}}
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[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:1994 deaths]]
[[Category:1994 deaths]]
[[Category: People from Khyber District]]
[[Category:People from Khyber District]]

Latest revision as of 22:56, 7 November 2024

Ameer Hamza Shinwari

امیر حمزہ شینواری

حمزہ بابا شینواری
Hamza BaBa
Born1907
Landi Kotal, NWFP, British India (Now, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
Died18 February 1994
Burial placeLandi Kotal, Khyber District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Known forPashto and Urdu poetry
Notable work
  • Ghazawanay
  • Baheer
  • Yoon
  • Tazkira-e-Satariya
  • Tajaliyat-e-Muhammadia
  • Kulyaat

Amir Hamza Khan Shinwari (Pashto: اميرحمزه خان), commonly known as Hamza Baba (حمزه بابا) was a prominent Pashto poet, playwright and author. His works are studied at Master-level at the University of Peshawar. He is considered a bridge between classic Pashto literature and modern forms. He founded the Khyber School in Pashto literature. A number of notable poets of this school, such as Nazir Shinwari, Khatir Afridi, and Khyber Afridi were his pupils.[citation needed]

Early life

[edit]

Hamza was born in Landi Kotal, Khyber District,[1] as the fourth of five sons in the house of Malik Bazmir Khan. The family was known for upholding Pashtunwali tradition. Orphaned early in life, he was raised by an elder brother, Bawar Khan. His early experience of formal education set the pattern for the remainder of his schooling. His primary-school teacher set the six-year-old to writing out the alphabet; Hamza received rather severe punishment when he instead followed his artistic inclinations and drew human figures. The incident deterred him from attending school; from this young age he would roam the local area, returning home at the same time as his school fellows. When his long-term absence from school was noted, his brother enrolled him in the Islamia Collegiate School in Peshawar. To attend, Hamza had to board in a hostel in the city. He endured what was for him a miserable experience for as long as he could, leaving school permanently during the tenth grade.[2]

Career

[edit]

As early as the fifth grade Hamza began writing poetry in Urdu; at this time there was little verse published in Pashto. When his murshid (spiritual guide), Khawaja Syed Abdul Sattar Shah, advised him to write in his mother tongue Pashto, he followed that guidance.[3] One reviewer commented in 2011:[1]

Baba may not have been a first-rate Urdu poet, but once he started composing verses in Pashto, he perfected Pashto ghazal to the extent that Pashtun critics conferred on him the title, Baba-e-Pashto ghazal.

— From Dawn's Inpaper magazine (2011)

When Shinwari worked on the railways, he had very little money. He received a low-income certificate and quit. He travelled to Mumbai to work in the film industry but failed to establish himself.[2]

Hamza's literary influences included Mirza Khan Ansari and Khushal Khan Khattak.[3] In the early 1940s, his poetry focused on romanticism. He wrote about different aspects of romance.

Hamza was also a critic and a playwright, producing 200 plays for Radio Pakistan, features, critical essays, and research papers for different literary newspapers of Pakistan.[1]

Influence

[edit]

He belonged to the Shinwari tribe of the ethnic Pashtuns. His work is considered a fusion between classic and modern poetry. He wrote classical poetry, blended it with recent innovations, and introduced new ideas in Pashtan ghazals. He is also known as the father of Pashto Ghazals.[1]

Personal life

[edit]

Hamza lived in Landi Kotal; his home was in Muhalla Sakhi Shah Mardan.[citation needed] He died in February 1994 and is buried in Khyber District.[4]

He lived for some thirty years in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Celebrating the father of Pashto ghazal". Dawn Magazine. 6 March 2011.
  2. ^ a b Raj Wali Shah Khattak (2010). "Hamza Shinwari (1907-1994): A Biographical Sketch". Introduction to Pashtun Culture. Peshawar: University Publishers. pp. 126–132.
  3. ^ a b Caron, James (February 2016) [Print issue: Winter 2015]. "The Lives of Amir Hamza Shinwari". Tanqeed. No. 10.
  4. ^ "Profile: Ameer Hamza Shinwari". The Peshawar. 30 March 2013.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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