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{{Infobox settlement |
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'''Dir''' ({{lang-ps|دیر}}) is a town in [[Upper Dir District]], [[Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]] province, [[Pakistan]]. It is sometimes known as '''Dir Proper''' or '''Dir Khas''' to distinguish it from the district. It lies at the foot of the [[Lowarai Pass]], the main motor road to [[Chitral]], on the Dir River, a tributary of the [[Panjkora River]]. |
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| name = Dir |
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| native_name = دیر |
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| native_name_lang = ps<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> |
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| settlement_type = City |
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| image_skyline = |
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| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = |
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| image_flag = |
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| flag_alt = |
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| image_seal = |
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| seal_alt = |
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| image_shield = |
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| shield_alt = |
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| etymology = |
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| nickname = |
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| motto = |
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| image_map = |
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| map_alt = |
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| map_caption = |
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| pushpin_map = Khyber Pakhtunkhwa#Pakistan |
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| pushpin_label_position = |
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| pushpin_map_alt = |
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| pushpin_map_caption = |
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| coordinates = {{Coord|35|12|24|N|71|52|36|E|type:adm3rd_region:PK|display=inline,title}}<!-- {{Coord}} --> |
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| coor_pinpoint = |
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| coordinates_type = |
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| coordinates_footnotes = |
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| coordinates_region = |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Pakistan}} |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|Province]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Pakistan|District]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Upper Dir District]] |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
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| established_title = |
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| established_date = |
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| founder = |
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| seat_type = |
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| seat = |
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| government_footnotes = |
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| leader_party = |
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| leader_title = |
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| leader_name = |
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| unit_pref = Metric |
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<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion --> |
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<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->| area_footnotes = |
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| area_urban_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |
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| area_rural_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |
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| area_metro_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |
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| area_magnitude = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |
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| area_note = |
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| area_blank1_title = |
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| area_blank2_title = <!-- square kilometers --> |
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| area_total_km2 = |
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| area_water_km2 = |
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| area_urban_km2 = |
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| area_rural_km2 = |
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| area_metro_km2 = |
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| area_blank1_km2 = |
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| area_blank2_km2 = <!-- hectares --> |
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| area_total_ha = |
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| area_land_ha = |
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| area_water_ha = |
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| length_km = |
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| width_km = |
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| dimensions_footnotes = |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
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| elevation_m = 1420 |
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| population_as_of = 2023 |
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| population_footnotes = |
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| population_total = 47,842 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_note = |
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| population_demonym = |
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| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PKT]] |
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| utc_offset1 = +5 |
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| timezone1_DST = |
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| utc_offset1_DST = |
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| postal_code_type = |
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| postal_code = 18000 |
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| area_code_type = |
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| area_code = |
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| iso_code = |
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
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'''Dir''' ([[Urdu]], {{langx|ps|{{nq|دیر}}}}) is a city in the [[Upper Dir District]] of the [[Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]] province of [[Pakistan]]. It is sometimes known as '''Dir Khas''' (Proper Dir) to distinguish it from the district's name, Dir (Upper and Lower).{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}} It lies along the Dir River, a tributary of the [[Panjkora River]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dir, Pakistan |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Dir-Pakistan |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> It is at the base of the [[Lowarai Pass]], the main road to [[Chitral]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}} |
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Dir was founded in the 17th century. It was the capital of the former [[Dir (princely state)|princely state of Dir]], until its abolition in 1969. The former royal palace is on a hill above the |
Dir was founded in the 17th century.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}} Mullā Ilyās, a 17th-century holy man, is said to have been the founder.<ref name=":0" /> It was the capital of the former [[Dir (princely state)|princely state of Dir]], until its abolition in 1969.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}} The former royal palace is on a hill above the city. Dir was then the capital of the [[Dir District]]. When the Dir District was divided in 1996 into Upper and Lower Dir, Dir city and [[Timergara]] became its district headquarters respectively.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}} [[Yusufzai (Pashtun tribe)|Yusufzay Pashtuns]] make up the primary ethnic group in the region and in the city.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== |
== Demographics == |
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The population of city in 1998 was 22,901 but according to the [[2023 Pakistani census|2023 Census of Pakistan]], the population has risen to 47,842.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Khyber Pakhtūnkhwā / incl. FATA (Pakistan): Province, Major Cities, Municipalites & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/cities/khyberpakhtunkhwa/ |access-date=2024-09-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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[[Pashto language|Pashto]] is the main language spoken in the town. |
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!Census |
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!Population |
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|- |
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|1998 |
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| style="text-align:right" |22,901 |
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|- |
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|2017 |
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| style="text-align:right" |44,100 |
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|- |
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|2023 |
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| style="text-align:right" |47,842 |
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|} |
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==Climate== |
==Climate== |
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Like most of the southern slopes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Dir has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''). Owing to the |
Like most of the southern slopes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Dir has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''). Owing to the city's exposed location, rainfall from frontal cyclones from the west is heavier than in any other part of Pakistan, and their passage, as well as very penetrative [[monsoon]]al periods, are usually accompanied by heavy [[thunderstorm]]s. |
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{{Weather box |
{{Weather box |
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|location = Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
| location = Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
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|single line = Y |
| single line = Y |
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|metric first = Y |
| metric first = Y |
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|width = auto |
| width = auto |
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|Jan record high C = 22.2 |
| Jan record high C = 22.2 |
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|Feb record high C = 23.9 |
| Feb record high C = 23.9 |
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|Mar record high C = 30.6 |
| Mar record high C = 30.6 |
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|Apr record high C = 33.9 |
| Apr record high C = 33.9 |
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|May record high C = 38.1 |
| May record high C = 38.1 |
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|Jun record high C = 41.5 |
| Jun record high C = 41.5 |
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|Jul record high C = 38.1 |
| Jul record high C = 38.1 |
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|Aug record high C = 37.4 |
| Aug record high C = 37.4 |
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|Sep record high C = 35.0 |
| Sep record high C = 35.0 |
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|Oct record high C = 33.9 |
| Oct record high C = 33.9 |
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|Nov record high C = 28.0 |
| Nov record high C = 28.0 |
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|Dec record high C = 23.0 |
| Dec record high C = 23.0 |
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|Jan high C = 11.3 |
| Jan high C = 11.3 |
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|Feb high C = 12.0 |
| Feb high C = 12.0 |
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|Mar high C = 16.1 |
| Mar high C = 16.1 |
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|Apr high C = 22.5 |
| Apr high C = 22.5 |
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|May high C = 27.9 |
| May high C = 27.9 |
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|Jun high C = 32.4 |
| Jun high C = 32.4 |
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|Jul high C = 31.2 |
| Jul high C = 31.2 |
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|Aug high C = 30.1 |
| Aug high C = 30.1 |
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|Sep high C = 28.9 |
| Sep high C = 28.9 |
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|Oct high C = 25.3 |
| Oct high C = 25.3 |
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|Nov high C = 20.1 |
| Nov high C = 20.1 |
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|Dec high C = 13.9 |
| Dec high C = 13.9 |
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|year high C = 22.6 |
| year high C = 22.6 |
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|Jan mean C = 4.4 |
| Jan mean C = 4.4 |
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|Feb mean C = 5.3 |
| Feb mean C = 5.3 |
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|Mar mean C = 9.5 |
| Mar mean C = 9.5 |
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|Apr mean C = 15.0 |
| Apr mean C = 15.0 |
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|May mean C = 19.8 |
| May mean C = 19.8 |
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|Jun mean C = 23.9 |
| Jun mean C = 23.9 |
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|Jul mean C = 25.1 |
| Jul mean C = 25.1 |
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|Aug mean C = 24.2 |
| Aug mean C = 24.2 |
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|Sep mean C = 21.2 |
| Sep mean C = 21.2 |
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|Oct mean C = 16.3 |
| Oct mean C = 16.3 |
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|Nov mean C = 11.2 |
| Nov mean C = 11.2 |
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|Dec mean C = 6.4 |
| Dec mean C = 6.4 |
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|year mean C = 15.1 |
| year mean C = 15.1 |
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|Jan low C = −2.5 |
| Jan low C = −2.5 |
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|Feb low C = −1.5 |
| Feb low C = −1.5 |
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|Mar low C = 3.0 |
| Mar low C = 3.0 |
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|Apr low C = 7.6 |
| Apr low C = 7.6 |
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|May low C = 11.6 |
| May low C = 11.6 |
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|Jun low C = 15.5 |
| Jun low C = 15.5 |
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|Jul low C = 19.1 |
| Jul low C = 19.1 |
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|Aug low C = 18.3 |
| Aug low C = 18.3 |
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|Sep low C = 13.5 |
| Sep low C = 13.5 |
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|Oct low C = 7.3 |
| Oct low C = 7.3 |
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|Nov low C = 2.4 |
| Nov low C = 2.4 |
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|Dec low C = −1.2 |
| Dec low C = −1.2 |
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|year low C = 7.8 |
| year low C = 7.8 |
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|Jan record low C = −10.6 |
| Jan record low C = −10.6 |
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|Feb record low C = -13.9 |
| Feb record low C = -13.9 |
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|Mar record low C = −4.4 |
| Mar record low C = −4.4 |
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|Apr record low C = -1.1 |
| Apr record low C = -1.1 |
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|May record low C = 2.9 |
| May record low C = 2.9 |
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|Jun record low C = 8.3 |
| Jun record low C = 8.3 |
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|Jul record low C = 10.0 |
| Jul record low C = 10.0 |
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|Aug record low C = 7.9 |
| Aug record low C = 7.9 |
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|Sep record low C = 3.3 |
| Sep record low C = 3.3 |
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|Oct record low C = 0.1 |
| Oct record low C = 0.1 |
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|Nov record low C = −7.2 |
| Nov record low C = −7.2 |
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|Dec record low C = −9.4 |
| Dec record low C = −9.4 |
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|precipitation colour=green |
| precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 120.6 |
| Jan precipitation mm = 120.6 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 176.7 |
| Feb precipitation mm = 176.7 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 253.7 |
| Mar precipitation mm = 253.7 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = |
| Apr precipitation mm = 178 |
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|May precipitation mm = 86.1 |
| May precipitation mm = 86.1 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 54.4 |
| Jun precipitation mm = 54.4 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 160.0 |
| Jul precipitation mm = 160.0 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 168.6 |
| Aug precipitation mm = 168.6 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 83.7 |
| Sep precipitation mm = 83.7 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 50.3 |
| Oct precipitation mm = 50.3 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 58.1 |
| Nov precipitation mm = 58.1 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 90.3 |
| Dec precipitation mm = 90.3 |
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|year precipitation mm = |
| year precipitation mm = |
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|Jan sun = 131.6 |
| Jan sun = 131.6 |
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|Feb sun = 129.7 |
| Feb sun = 129.7 |
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|Mar sun = 145.8 |
| Mar sun = 145.8 |
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|Apr sun = 195.4 |
| Apr sun = 195.4 |
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|May sun = 254.2 |
| May sun = 254.2 |
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|Jun sun = 282.4 |
| Jun sun = 282.4 |
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|Jul sun = 247.1 |
| Jul sun = 247.1 |
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|Aug sun = 223.8 |
| Aug sun = 223.8 |
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|Sep sun = 224.1 |
| Sep sun = 224.1 |
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|Oct sun = 221.7 |
| Oct sun = 221.7 |
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|Nov sun = 202.5 |
| Nov sun = 202.5 |
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|Dec sun = 140.0 |
| Dec sun = 140.0 |
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|source 1 =NOAA (1971-1990)<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web |
| source 1 = NOAA (1971-1990)<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web |
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|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/PK/41508.TXT |
|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/PK/41508.TXT |
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|title = Dir Climate Normals 1971-1990 |
|title = Dir Climate Normals 1971-1990 |
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|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |
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| |
|access-date = January 16, 2013}}</ref> |
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|date=November 2011 |
| date = November 2011 |
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| source = |
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}} |
}} |
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==Gallery== |
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{{Empty section|date=May 2014}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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| Line 127: | Line 233: | ||
==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [ |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110225010611/http://khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk/ Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa] |
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* [http://www.pakistan.gov.pk Government of Pakistan] |
* [http://www.pakistan.gov.pk Government of Pakistan] |
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* [http://www.dirbeauty.webs.com/ www.dirbeauty.webs.com By Syed Ziafat Ali] |
* [http://www.dirbeauty.webs.com/ www.dirbeauty.webs.com By Syed Ziafat Ali] |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{coord|35|10|N|71|50|E|region:PK_type:adm3rd_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Populated places in Upper Dir District]] |
[[Category:Populated places in Upper Dir District]] |
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[[Category:Tehsils of Upper Dir District]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:08, 8 November 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
Dir
دیر | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Dir  Dir | |
| Coordinates: 35°12′24″N 71°52′36″E / 35.20667°N 71.87667°E | |
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Province | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
| District | Upper Dir District |
| Elevation | 1,420 m (4,660 ft) |
| Population (2023) | |
• Total | 47,842 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PKT) |
Dir (Urdu, Pashto: دیر) is a city in the Upper Dir District of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is sometimes known as Dir Khas (Proper Dir) to distinguish it from the district's name, Dir (Upper and Lower).[citation needed] It lies along the Dir River, a tributary of the Panjkora River.[1] It is at the base of the Lowarai Pass, the main road to Chitral.[citation needed]
Dir was founded in the 17th century.[citation needed] Mullā Ilyās, a 17th-century holy man, is said to have been the founder.[1] It was the capital of the former princely state of Dir, until its abolition in 1969.[citation needed] The former royal palace is on a hill above the city. Dir was then the capital of the Dir District. When the Dir District was divided in 1996 into Upper and Lower Dir, Dir city and Timergara became its district headquarters respectively.[citation needed] Yusufzay Pashtuns make up the primary ethnic group in the region and in the city.[1]
Demographics
[edit]The population of city in 1998 was 22,901 but according to the 2023 Census of Pakistan, the population has risen to 47,842.[2]
| Census | Population |
|---|---|
| 1998 | 22,901 |
| 2017 | 44,100 |
| 2023 | 47,842 |
Climate
[edit]Like most of the southern slopes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Dir has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa). Owing to the city's exposed location, rainfall from frontal cyclones from the west is heavier than in any other part of Pakistan, and their passage, as well as very penetrative monsoonal periods, are usually accompanied by heavy thunderstorms.
| Climate data for Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.9 (93.0) |
38.1 (100.6) |
41.5 (106.7) |
38.1 (100.6) |
37.4 (99.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
28.0 (82.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
41.5 (106.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.3 (52.3) |
12.0 (53.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.9 (82.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
28.9 (84.0) |
25.3 (77.5) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
22.6 (72.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) |
5.3 (41.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.0 (59.0) |
19.8 (67.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.4 (43.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
19.1 (66.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
7.3 (45.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
7.8 (46.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10.6 (12.9) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
2.9 (37.2) |
8.3 (46.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.9 (46.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 120.6 (4.75) |
176.7 (6.96) |
253.7 (9.99) |
178 (7.0) |
86.1 (3.39) |
54.4 (2.14) |
160.0 (6.30) |
168.6 (6.64) |
83.7 (3.30) |
50.3 (1.98) |
58.1 (2.29) |
90.3 (3.56) |
1,480.5 (58.3) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 131.6 | 129.7 | 145.8 | 195.4 | 254.2 | 282.4 | 247.1 | 223.8 | 224.1 | 221.7 | 202.5 | 140.0 | 2,398.3 |
| Source: NOAA (1971-1990)[3] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Dir, Pakistan". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ "Khyber Pakhtūnkhwā / incl. FATA (Pakistan): Province, Major Cities, Municipalites & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-09-05.
- ^ "Dir Climate Normals 1971-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
