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{{Short description|American paleontologist}}
{{Short description|American paleontologist}}
{{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL | onlysourced=yes
{{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL | onlysourced=yes
| name = Andrew Knoll|suppressfields=birth_place
| name = Andrew Knoll
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1951}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1951|04|23}}
| birth_place = [[West Reading, Pennsylvania|West Reading]], Pennsylvania
| module= {{Infobox scientist
| module= {{Infobox scientist
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| website = {{URL|http://eps.harvard.edu/people/andrew-h-knoll}}
| website = {{URL|http://eps.harvard.edu/people/andrew-h-knoll}}
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'''Andrew Herbert Knoll''' (born 1951) is the Fisher Research Professor of Natural History<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/knoll/knoll-oeb.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-07-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726224647/http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/knoll/knoll-oeb.html |archive-date=2013-07-26 }}</ref> and a Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences<ref name="eps.harvard.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://eps.harvard.edu/people/andrew-h-knoll|title = Andrew H. Knoll}}</ref> at [[Harvard University]].<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/><ref name="gf.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/7988-andrew-h-knoll|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130708212259/http://www.gf.org/fellows/7988-andrew-h-knoll|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-07-08|title=Andrew H. Knoll - John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation}}</ref> Born in [[West Reading, Pennsylvania]] in 1951, Andrew Knoll graduated from [[Lehigh University]] with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/><ref name="gf.org"/> and received his Ph.D. from [[Harvard University]] in 1977<ref name="gf.org"/> for a dissertation entitled "Studies in [[Archean]] and Early [[Proterozoic]] Paleontology."<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> Knoll taught at [[Oberlin College]] for five years before returning to Harvard as a professor in 1982.<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> At Harvard, he serves in the departments of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Earth and Planetary Sciences.<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/><ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/>
'''Andrew Herbert Knoll''' (born 1951) is the Fisher Research Professor of Natural History<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/knoll/knoll-oeb.html |title=Andrew H. Knoll – Faculty – OEB – Harvard University |access-date=2013-07-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726224647/http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/faculty/knoll/knoll-oeb.html |archive-date=2013-07-26 }}</ref> and a Research Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences<ref name="eps.harvard.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://eps.harvard.edu/people/andrew-h-knoll|title = Andrew H. Knoll}}</ref> at [[Harvard University]].<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/><ref name="gf.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/7988-andrew-h-knoll|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130708212259/http://www.gf.org/fellows/7988-andrew-h-knoll|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-07-08|title=Andrew H. Knoll – John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation}}</ref> Born in [[West Reading, Pennsylvania]], in 1951, Andrew Knoll graduated from [[Lehigh University]] with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/><ref name="gf.org"/> and received his Ph.D. from [[Harvard University]] in 1977<ref name="gf.org"/> for a dissertation titled "Studies in [[Archean]] and Early [[Proterozoic]] Paleontology."<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> Knoll taught at [[Oberlin College]] for five years before returning to Harvard as a professor in 1982.<ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> At Harvard, he serves in the departments of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Earth and Planetary Sciences.<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/><ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/>


==Scientific work==
==Scientific work==
Andrew Knoll is best known for his contributions to [[Precambrian]] [[paleontology]] and [[biogeochemistry]]. He has discovered [[microfossil]] records of early life in [[Spitsbergen]], East [[Greenland]], [[Siberia]], [[China]], [[Namibia]], western [[North America]], and [[Australia]],<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/> and was among the first to apply principles of taphonomy and paleoecology to their interpretation. He has also elucidated early records of skeletonized animals in Namibia and remarkable fossils of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, China, preserved in exceptional cellular detail by early [[diagenetic]] phosphate precipitation. Knoll and colleagues authored the first paper to demonstrate strong stratigraphic variation in the carbon isotopic composition of carbonates and organic matter preserved in [[Neoproterozoic]] (1000-542 million years ago) sedimentary rocks, and Knoll's group also demonstrated that mid-Proterozoic carbonates display little isotopic variation through time, in contrast to both older and younger successions.
Andrew Knoll is best known for his contributions to [[Precambrian]] [[paleontology]] and [[biogeochemistry]]. He has discovered [[microfossil]] records of early life in [[Spitsbergen]], East [[Greenland]], [[Siberia]], China, [[Namibia]], western North America, and Australia,<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/> and was among the first to apply principles of taphonomy and paleoecology to their interpretation. He has also elucidated early records of skeletonized animals in Namibia and remarkable fossils of the [[Ediacaran]] [[Doushantuo Formation]], China, preserved in exceptional cellular detail by early [[diagenetic]] phosphate precipitation. Knoll and colleagues authored the first paper to demonstrate strong stratigraphic variation in the carbon isotopic composition of carbonates and organic matter preserved in [[Neoproterozoic]] (1000–539 million years ago) sedimentary rocks, and Knoll's group also demonstrated that mid-Proterozoic carbonates display little isotopic variation through time, in contrast to both older and younger successions.


Knoll has longstanding interests in [[biomineralization]], [[paleobotany]], [[plankton evolution]], and [[mass extinction]].<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/><ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> Among other things, Knoll and his colleagues were the first to hypothesize that rapid build-up of carbon dioxide played a key role in end-Permian mass extinction, 252 million years ago. More generally, Knoll uses physiology as a conceptual bridge to integrate geochemical records of environmental change with paleontological records of biological history. He has also served as a member of the science team for [[NASA]]'s [[Mars Exploration Rover|MER]] rover mission to [[Mars]].<ref>http://www.astrobio.net/interview/334/biodiversity-interview-with-andrew-knoll-part-i</ref>
Knoll has longstanding interests in [[biomineralization]], [[paleobotany]], [[plankton evolution]], and [[mass extinction]].<ref name="oeb.harvard.edu"/><ref name="eps.harvard.edu"/> Among other things, Knoll and his colleagues were the first to hypothesize that rapid build-up of carbon dioxide played a key role in end-Permian mass extinction, 252 million years ago. More generally, Knoll uses physiology as a conceptual bridge to integrate geochemical records of environmental change with paleontological records of biological history. He has also served as a member of the science team for [[NASA]]'s [[Mars Exploration Rover|MER]] rover mission to [[Mars]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.astrobio.net/interview/334/biodiversity-interview-with-andrew-knoll-part-i |title=Biodiversity: Interview with Andrew Knoll Part I |website=www.astrobio.net |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408064017/http://www.astrobio.net/interview/334/biodiversity-interview-with-andrew-knoll-part-i |archive-date=2011-04-08}}</ref>


Honors include membership in the US National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Microbiology, and Foreign Membership in the Royal Society of London and the National Academy of Sciences, India, as well as the Paleontological Society Medal, the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society (London), the Moore Medal of the Society for Sedimentary Geology, the Oparin Medal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life, the Sven Berggren Prize of the Royal Physiographic Society, Sweden, and both the Walcott and Thompson medals of the US National Academy of Sciences. He received the Phi Beta Kappa Book Award for "Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth". In 2018, Knoll received the International Prize for Biology, conferred in Tokyo in the presence of the Emperor and Empress of Japan.
Honors include membership in the US [[National Academy of Sciences]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrew H. Knoll|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/53716.html|access-date=2021-12-09|website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref> the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrew Herbert Knoll|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/andrew-herbert-knoll|access-date=2021-12-09|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|language=en}}</ref> the [[American Philosophical Society]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Andrew+H.+Knoll&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-12-09|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> the American Academy of Microbiology, and Foreign Membership in the Royal Society of London and the National Academy of Sciences, India, as well as the Paleontological Society Medal, the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society (London), the Moore Medal of the Society for Sedimentary Geology, the Oparin Medal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life, the Sven Berggren Prize of the Royal Physiographic Society, Sweden, the Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America, and both the Walcott and Thompson medals of the US National Academy of Sciences. He received the Phi Beta Kappa Book Award for "Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth". In 2018, Knoll received the International Prize for Biology, conferred in Tokyo in the presence of the Emperor and Empress of Japan. In 2022, he received the Crafoord Prize in Geosciences.


==Books==
==Books==
* 2021 - "A Brief History of Earth: Four Billion Years in Eight Chapters". Knoll, A.H. Custom House, New York NY, 272 pp., {{ISBN<978-0062853912}}
* 2004 – ''Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth''. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 277 pp., {{ISBN|978-0-691-12029-4}}
* 2013 - "Biology: How Life Works". Morris, J., D. Hartl, A.H. Knoll, R. Lue, and others. Macmillan. 2nd Edition 2016: {{ISBN|978-1319067793}}; 4th Edition 2022.
* 2007 – ''The Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea''. Falkowski, P. and A.H. Knoll, Eds. Elsevier, Burlington MA, 441 pp., {{ISBN|978-0-12-370518-1}}
* 2012 - "Fundamentals of Geobiology". Knoll, A.H., D.E. Canfield and K. Konhauser, Eds. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester UK, 443 pp., {{ISBN|978-140-5187527}}
* 2012 – ''Fundamentals of Geobiology''. Knoll, A.H., D.E. Canfield and K. Konhauser, Eds. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester UK, 443 pp., {{ISBN|978-1-4051-8752-7}}
* 2007 - "The Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea". Falkowski, P. and A.H. Knoll, Eds. Elsevier, Burlington MA, 441 pp., {{ISBN|978-0123705181}}
* 2013 – ''Biology: How Life Works''. Morris, J., D. Hartl, A.H. Knoll, R. Lue, and others. Macmillan. 2nd Edition 2016: {{ISBN|978-1-319-06779-3}}; 4th Edition 2022.
* 2004 - "Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth". Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 277pp., {{ISBN|0-691-12029-3}}
* 2021 – ''A Brief History of Earth: Four Billion Years in Eight Chapters''. Knoll, A.H. Custom House, New York NY, 272 pp., {{ISBN|978-0-06-285391-2}}


==Selected Papers==
==Selected papers==
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Carroll | first2=Sean B. | title=Early Animal Evolution: Emerging Views from Comparative Biology and Geology | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=284 | issue=5423 | date=25 June 1999 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.284.5423.2129 | pages=2129–2137| pmid=10381872 }}
* Wordsworth, R., A.H. Knoll, J. Hurowitz, M. Baum, B. Ehlmann, J. Head III, and K. Steakley (2021) An integrated scenario for the climate and redox evolution of Mars. Nature Geoscience 14(3): doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00701-8.
* {{cite journal | last1=Anbar | first1=A. D. | last2=Knoll | first2=A. H. | title=Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry and Evolution: A Bioinorganic Bridge? | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=297 | issue=5584 | date=16 August 2002 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.1069651 | pages=1137–1142| pmid=12183619 | bibcode=2002Sci...297.1137A | s2cid=5578019 | citeseerx=10.1.1.615.3041 }}
* Laakso, T.A., E.A Sperling, D.T. Johnston, and A.H. Knoll (2020) Ediacaran reorganization of the marine phosphorus cycle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117: 11961–11967.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Walter | first2=Malcolm R. | last3=Narbonne | first3=Guy M. | last4=Christie-Blick | first4=Nicholas | title=A New Period for the Geologic Time Scale | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=305 | issue=5684 | date=30 July 2004 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.1098803 | pages=621–622| pmid=15286353 | s2cid=32763298 }}
* Gilbert, P.U.P.A., S.M. Porter, C.-Y. Sun, S. Xiao, B.M. Gibson, N. Shenkar, and A.H. Knoll (2019)Biomineralization by particle attachment in early animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 116: 17659-17665.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=A.H | last2=Javaux | first2=E.J | last3=Hewitt | first3=D | last4=Cohen | first4=P | title=Eukaryotic organisms in Proterozoic oceans | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=361 | issue=1470 | date=5 May 2006 | issn=0962-8436 | doi=10.1098/rstb.2006.1843 | pages=1023–1038| pmid=16754612 | pmc=1578724 }}
* Muscente, A.D., A. Prabhub, H. Zhong, A. Eleish, M. Meyer, P. Fox, R. Hazen, and A.H. Knoll (2018) Quantifying ecological impacts of mass extinctions with network analysis of fossil communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 115: 5217–5222.
* {{cite journal | last1=Tomitani | first1=Akiko | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | last3=Cavanaugh | first3=Colleen M. | last4=Ohno | first4=Terufumi | title=The evolutionary diversification of cyanobacteria: Molecular–phylogenetic and paleontological perspectives | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=103 | issue=14 | date=4 April 2006 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.0600999103 | pages=5442–5447 | pmid=16569695 | pmc=1459374 | bibcode=2006PNAS..103.5442T | doi-access=free }}
* Knoll, A.H. and M.A. Nowak (2017) The timetable of evolution. Science Advances 3, DOI: e1603076.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Bambach | first2=Richard K. | last3=Payne | first3=Jonathan L. | last4=Pruss | first4=Sara | last5=Fischer | first5=Woodward W. | title=Paleophysiology and end-Permian mass extinction | journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=256 | issue=3–4 | year=2007 | issn=0012-821X | doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2007.02.018 | pages=295–313| bibcode=2007E&PSL.256..295K }}
* Knoll, A.H., K. Bergmann, and J.V. Strauss (2016) Life: The first two billion years. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B 371: 20150493, doi.10.1098/rstb.2015.0493.
* {{cite journal | last1=Wilson | first1=Jonathan P. | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | last3=Holbrook | first3=N. Michele | last4=Marshall | first4=Charles R. | title=Modeling fluid flow in ''Medullosa'', an anatomically unusual Carboniferous seed plant | journal=Paleobiology | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=34 | issue=4 | year=2008 | issn=0094-8373 | doi=10.1666/07076.1 | pages=472–493| bibcode=2008Pbio...34..472W | s2cid=54194897 }}
* Knoll, A.H. and M.J. Follows (2016) A bottom-up perspective on ecosystem change in Mesozoic oceans. Proceedings B, Royal Society, 20161755, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1755.
* {{cite journal | last1=Tosca | first1=Nicholas J. | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | last3=McLennan | first3=Scott M. | title=Water Activity and the Challenge for Life on Early Mars | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=320 | issue=5880 | date=30 May 2008 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.1155432 | pages=1204–1207| pmid=18511686 | bibcode=2008Sci...320.1204T | s2cid=27253871 }}
* Sperling, E.A., A.H. Knoll and P.R. Girguis (2015) The ecological physiology of Earth's second oxygen revolution. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 46: 215–235.
* {{cite journal | last1=Tosca | first1=Nicholas J. | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | title=Juvenile chemical sediments and the long term persistence of water at the surface of Mars | journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=286 | issue=3–4 | year=2009 | issn=0012-821X | doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.004 | pages=379–386| bibcode=2009E&PSL.286..379T | s2cid=39532723 | url=http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3934553 }}
* Knoll, A.H. (2014) Paleobiological perspectives on early eukaryotic evolution. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016121.
* Sperling, E.A., C.A. Frieder, P.R. Girguis, A.V. Raman, L.A. Levin, and A.H. Knoll (2013) Oxygen, ecology, and the Cambrian radiation of animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 110: 13446–13451.
* Bosak, T., A.H. Knoll, and A.P. Petroff (2013) The meaning of stromatolites. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 41: 21–44.
* Knoll, A.H. (2013) Systems paleobiology. Geological Society of America Bulletin 125: 3-13.
* Cohen, P.A. and A.H. Knoll (2012) Neoproterozoic scale microfossils from the Fifteen Mile Group, Yukon Territory. Journal of Paleontology 86: 775–800.
* Parfrey, L., D. Lahr, A.H. Knoll, and L.A. Katz (2011) Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 108: 13624–13629.
* Knoll, A.H. and W.W. Fischer (2011) Skeletons and ocean chemistry: the long view. In: J.P. Gattuso and L. Hansson, eds., Ocean Acidification. Oxford University Press, pp.&nbsp;67–82.
* Knoll, A.H. (2011) The multiple origins of complex multicellularity. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 39: 217–239.
* Knoll, A.H. (2011) The multiple origins of complex multicellularity. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 39: 217–239.
* {{cite book | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Fischer | first2=Woodward W. | title=Ocean Acidification | chapter=Skeletons and Ocean Chemistry: The Long View | publisher=Oxford University Press | date=15 September 2011 | doi=10.1093/oso/9780199591091.003.0009| isbn=978-0-19-959109-1 }}
* Pruss, S., S. Finnegan, W.W. Fischer, and A.H. Knoll (2010) Carbonates in skeleton-poor seas: New insights from Cambrian and Ordovician strata of Laurentia. Palaios 25: 73–84.
* {{cite journal | last1=Parfrey | first1=Laura Wegener | last2=Lahr | first2=Daniel J. G. | last3=Knoll | first3=Andrew H. | last4=Katz | first4=Laura A. | title=Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=108 | issue=33 | date=2 August 2011 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1110633108 | pages=13624–13629 | pmid=21810989 | pmc=3158185 | bibcode=2011PNAS..10813624P | doi-access=free }}
* Tosca, N.J. and A.H. Knoll (2009) Juvenile chemical sediments and the long term persistence of water at the surface of Mars. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 286: 379–386.
* {{cite journal | last1=Cohen | first1=Phoebe A. | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | title=Scale microfossils from the mid-Neoproterozoic Fifteenmile Group, Yukon Territory | journal=Journal of Paleontology | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=86 | issue=5 | year=2012 | issn=0022-3360 | doi=10.1666/11-138.1 | pages=775–800| bibcode=2012JPal...86..775C | s2cid=131120053 }}
* Tosca, N.J., Knoll, A.H., McLennan, S.M. (2008) Water activity and the challenge for life on early Mars. Science 320: 1204–1207.
* {{cite journal | last=Knoll | first=Andrew H. | title=Systems paleobiology | journal=Geological Society of America Bulletin | publisher=Geological Society of America | volume=125 | issue=1–2 | date=10 August 2012 | issn=0016-7606 | doi=10.1130/b30685.1 | pages=3–13| doi-access=free }}
* Wilson, J.P, Knoll, A.H., Holbrook, N.M, and Marshall, C.R. (2008) Modeling fluid flow in Medullosa, an anatomically unusual Paleozoic seed plant. Paleobiology 34: 472–493.
* {{cite journal | last1=Bosak | first1=Tanja | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | last3=Petroff | first3=Alexander P. | title=The Meaning of Stromatolites | journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | publisher=Annual Reviews | volume=41 | issue=1 | date=30 May 2013 | issn=0084-6597 | doi=10.1146/annurev-earth-042711-105327 | pages=21–44| bibcode=2013AREPS..41...21B }}
* Knoll, A.H., Bambach, R.K, Payne, J., Pruss, S., and Fischer, W. (2007) A paleophysiological perspective on the end-Permian mass extinction and its aftermath. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 256: 295–313.
* Tomitani, A., Knoll, A.H., Cavanaugh, C.M., and Ohno, T. (2006) The evolutionary diversification of cyanobacteria: molecular phylogenetic and paleontological perspectives. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 103:5442-5447.
* Sperling, E.A., C.A. Frieder, P.R. Girguis, A.V. Raman, L.A. Levin, and A.H. Knoll (2013) Oxygen, ecology, and the Cambrian radiation of animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 110: 13446–13451.
* {{cite journal | last=Knoll | first=A. H. | title=Paleobiological Perspectives on Early Eukaryotic Evolution | journal=Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology | publisher=Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | volume=6 | issue=1 | date=1 January 2014 | issn=1943-0264 | doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a016121 | pages=a016121| pmid=24384569 | pmc=3941219 | bibcode=2014CSHPB...616121K }}
* Knoll, A.H., Javaux, E.J., Hewitt, D., and Cohen, P. (2006) Eukaryotic organisms in Proterozoic oceans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 361B: 1023–1028.
* {{cite journal | last1=Sperling | first1=Erik A. | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. |author3-link=Peter Girguis | last3=Girguis | first3=Peter R. | title=The Ecological Physiology of Earth's Second Oxygen Revolution | journal=Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics | publisher=Annual Reviews | volume=46 | issue=1 | date=4 December 2015 | issn=1543-592X | doi=10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110512-135808 | pages=215–235| s2cid=8606044 | url=http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:30367424 | doi-access=free | bibcode=2015AREES..46..215S }}
* Squyres, S., and Knoll, A.H. (2005) Outcrop geology at Meridiani Planum: Introduction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 240: 1-10.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Follows | first2=Michael J. | title=A bottom-up perspective on ecosystem change in Mesozoic oceans | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=283 | issue=1841 | date=26 October 2016 | issn=0962-8452 | doi=10.1098/rspb.2016.1755 | page=20161755| pmid=27798303 | pmc=5095382 }}
* Knoll, A.H., Walter, M.R., Narbonne, G.M., and Christie-Blick, N. (2004) A New Period for the Geologic Time Scale. Science 305: 621.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Bergmann | first2=Kristin D. | last3=Strauss | first3=Justin V. | title=Life: the first two billion years | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=371 | issue=1707 | date=5 November 2016 | issn=0962-8436 | doi=10.1098/rstb.2015.0493 | page=20150493| pmid=27672146 | s2cid=17286885 | doi-access=free | pmc=5052739 }}
* Anbar, A.D. and Knoll, A.H. (2002) Proterozoic ocean chemistry and evolution: a bioinorganic bridge? Science 297: 1137–1142.
* {{cite journal | last1=Knoll | first1=Andrew H. | last2=Nowak | first2=Martin A. | title=The timetable of evolution | journal=Science Advances | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=3 | issue=5 | date=5 May 2017 | pages=e1603076 | issn=2375-2548 | doi=10.1126/sciadv.1603076| pmid=28560344 | pmc=5435417 | bibcode=2017SciA....3E3076K }}
* Knoll, A.H. and S.B. Carroll (1999) The early evolution of animals: Emerging views from comparative biology and geology. Science 284: 2129–2137.
* {{cite journal | last1=Muscente | first1=A. D. | last2=Prabhu | first2=Anirudh | last3=Zhong | first3=Hao | last4=Eleish | first4=Ahmed | last5=Meyer | first5=Michael B. | last6=Fox | first6=Peter | last7=Hazen | first7=Robert M. | last8=Knoll | first8=Andrew H. | title=Quantifying ecological impacts of mass extinctions with network analysis of fossil communities | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=115 | issue=20 | date=23 April 2018 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1719976115 | pages=5217–5222 | pmid=29686079 | pmc=5960297 | bibcode=2018PNAS..115.5217M | doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Gilbert | first1=Pupa U. P. A. | last2=Porter | first2=Susannah M. | last3=Sun | first3=Chang-Yu | last4=Xiao | first4=Shuhai | last5=Gibson | first5=Brandt M. | last6=Shenkar | first6=Noa | last7=Knoll | first7=Andrew H. | title=Biomineralization by particle attachment in early animals | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=116 | issue=36 | date=19 August 2019 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1902273116 | pages=17659–17665 | pmid=31427519 | pmc=6731633 | bibcode=2019PNAS..11617659G | doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Laakso | first1=Thomas A. | last2=Sperling | first2=Erik A. | last3=Johnston | first3=David T. | last4=Knoll | first4=Andrew H. | title=Ediacaran reorganization of the marine phosphorus cycle | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=117 | issue=22 | date=18 May 2020 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1916738117 | pages=11961–11967 | pmid=32424088 | pmc=7275700 | bibcode=2020PNAS..11711961L | doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Wordsworth | first1=Robin | last2=Knoll | first2=Andrew H. | last3=Hurowitz | first3=Joel | last4=Baum | first4=Mark | last5=Ehlmann | first5=Bethany L. | last6=Head | first6=James W. | last7=Steakley | first7=Kathryn | title=A coupled model of episodic warming, oxidation and geochemical transitions on early Mars | journal=Nature Geoscience | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=14 | issue=3 | year=2021 | issn=1752-0894 | doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00701-8 | pages=127–132| arxiv=2103.06736 | bibcode=2021NatGe..14..127W | s2cid=263788799 }}


==Honors==
==Honors==
* 1967 - Eagle Scout
* 1967 – [[Eagle Scout]]
* 1987 - awarded [[Charles Schuchert Award]], presented to a promising paleontologist under 40
* 1987 – awarded [[Charles Schuchert Award]], presented to a promising paleontologist under 40
* 1987 - awarded [[Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal|Walcott Medal]] for contributions to the study of Precambrian life, in particular the microbial roots of plant evolution<ref name=Walcott>{{cite web|title=Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_walcott |publisher=National Academy of Sciences |access-date=14 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513235831/http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_walcott |archive-date=13 May 2011 }}</ref>
* 1987 – awarded [[Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal|Walcott Medal]] for contributions to the study of Precambrian life, in particular the microbial roots of plant evolution<ref name=Walcott>{{cite web|title=Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_walcott |publisher=National Academy of Sciences |access-date=14 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513235831/http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_walcott |archive-date=13 May 2011 }}</ref>
* 1996 - awarded honorary doctorate from [[Uppsala University]], Sweden
* 1996 – awarded honorary doctorate from [[Uppsala University]], Sweden
* 1998 - awarded honorary doctorate from Lehigh University
* 1998 – awarded honorary doctorate from Lehigh University
* 2003 - awarded [[Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science|Phi Beta Kappa Book Award]] in Science for [[Life on a Young Planet]]
* 2003 – awarded [[Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science|Phi Beta Kappa Book Award]] in Science for [[Life on a Young Planet]]
* 2005 - awarded [[Paleontological Society Medal]]
* 2005 – awarded [[Paleontological Society Medal]]
* 2005 - awarded [[Raymond C. Moore Medal]]
* 2005 – awarded [[Raymond C. Moore Medal]]
* 2007 - awarded [[Wollaston Medal]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080706171027/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/04.26/06-newsmakers.html], the highest award granted by the [[Geological Society of London]]; previous recipients include [[Charles Darwin]] and [[Louis Agassiz]]
* 2007 – awarded [[Wollaston Medal]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080706171027/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/04.26/06-newsmakers.html], the highest award granted by the [[Geological Society of London]]; previous recipients include [[Charles Darwin]] and [[Louis Agassiz]]
* 2012 – awarded [[Mary Clark Thompson Medal|Thompson Medal]] for meritorious research in paleontology and geology
* 2012 – awarded [[Mary Clark Thompson Medal|Thompson Medal]] for meritorious research in paleontology and geology
* 2013 - foreign fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India
* 2013 – foreign fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India
* 2014 - awarded honorary doctorate from the [[University of Chicago]]<ref>{{cite news |date=May 27, 2014 |title=University to bestow seven honorary degrees at 519th Convocation |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/05/27/university-bestow-seven-honorary-degrees-519th-convocation#Andrew%20H.%20Knoll |access-date=2015-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316014834/http://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/05/27/university-bestow-seven-honorary-degrees-519th-convocation#Andrew%20H.%20Knoll |archive-date=2015-03-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2014 – awarded honorary doctorate from the [[University of Chicago]]<ref>{{cite news |date=May 27, 2014 |title=University to bestow seven honorary degrees at 519th Convocation |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/05/27/university-bestow-seven-honorary-degrees-519th-convocation#Andrew%20H.%20Knoll |access-date=2015-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316014834/http://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/05/27/university-bestow-seven-honorary-degrees-519th-convocation#Andrew%20H.%20Knoll |archive-date=2015-03-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2014 - awarded the [[Oparin Medal]] from the [[International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life]]
* 2014 – awarded the [[Oparin Medal]] from the [[International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life]]
* 2014 - awarded honorary doctorate from the University of Southern Denmark
* 2014 – awarded honorary doctorate from the University of Southern Denmark
* 2015 - elected a Foreign Member, [[Royal Society]] (ForMemRS) of London<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/andrew-knoll-11763/|title=Andrew Knoll &#124; Royal Society}}</ref>
* 2015 – elected a Foreign Member, [[Royal Society]] (ForMemRS) of London<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/andrew-knoll-11763/|title=Andrew Knoll &#124; Royal Society}}</ref>
* 2017 – awarded honorary doctorate from the American Museum of Natural History
* 2017 – awarded honorary doctorate from the American Museum of Natural History
* 2018 – awarded the Sven Berggren Prize, Royal Physiographic Society, Sweden
* 2018 – awarded the Sven Berggren Prize, Royal Physiographic Society, Sweden
* 2018 - awarded the Geological Society of America's Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division Award
* 2018 – awarded the Geological Society of America's Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division Award
* 2018 – awarded the International Prize for Biology
* 2018 – awarded the International Prize for Biology
* 2022 – awarded the [[Crafoord Prize]]<ref>[https://www.crafoordprize.se/press_release/the-crafoord-prize-in-geosciences-2022 Crafoord Prize 2022]</ref>
* 2024 – awarded the Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal winners]]
[[Category:Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal winners]]
[[Category:Geobiologists]]
[[Category:Geobiologists]]
[[Category:Foreign Members of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Foreign members of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India]]

Latest revision as of 08:24, 8 November 2024

Andrew Knoll
Born (1951-04-23) April 23, 1951 (age 73)
West Reading, Pennsylvania
OccupationBotanist Edit this on Wikidata
Awards
Scientific career
ThesisStudies in Archean and early Proterozoic paleontology (1977)
Websiteeps.harvard.edu/people/andrew-h-knoll

Andrew Herbert Knoll (born 1951) is the Fisher Research Professor of Natural History[1] and a Research Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences[2] at Harvard University.[2][3] Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, in 1951, Andrew Knoll graduated from Lehigh University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973[2][3] and received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1977[3] for a dissertation titled "Studies in Archean and Early Proterozoic Paleontology."[2] Knoll taught at Oberlin College for five years before returning to Harvard as a professor in 1982.[2] At Harvard, he serves in the departments of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Earth and Planetary Sciences.[1][2]

Scientific work

[edit]

Andrew Knoll is best known for his contributions to Precambrian paleontology and biogeochemistry. He has discovered microfossil records of early life in Spitsbergen, East Greenland, Siberia, China, Namibia, western North America, and Australia,[1] and was among the first to apply principles of taphonomy and paleoecology to their interpretation. He has also elucidated early records of skeletonized animals in Namibia and remarkable fossils of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, China, preserved in exceptional cellular detail by early diagenetic phosphate precipitation. Knoll and colleagues authored the first paper to demonstrate strong stratigraphic variation in the carbon isotopic composition of carbonates and organic matter preserved in Neoproterozoic (1000–539 million years ago) sedimentary rocks, and Knoll's group also demonstrated that mid-Proterozoic carbonates display little isotopic variation through time, in contrast to both older and younger successions.

Knoll has longstanding interests in biomineralization, paleobotany, plankton evolution, and mass extinction.[1][2] Among other things, Knoll and his colleagues were the first to hypothesize that rapid build-up of carbon dioxide played a key role in end-Permian mass extinction, 252 million years ago. More generally, Knoll uses physiology as a conceptual bridge to integrate geochemical records of environmental change with paleontological records of biological history. He has also served as a member of the science team for NASA's MER rover mission to Mars.[4]

Honors include membership in the US National Academy of Sciences,[5] the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[6] the American Philosophical Society,[7] the American Academy of Microbiology, and Foreign Membership in the Royal Society of London and the National Academy of Sciences, India, as well as the Paleontological Society Medal, the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society (London), the Moore Medal of the Society for Sedimentary Geology, the Oparin Medal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life, the Sven Berggren Prize of the Royal Physiographic Society, Sweden, the Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America, and both the Walcott and Thompson medals of the US National Academy of Sciences. He received the Phi Beta Kappa Book Award for "Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth". In 2018, Knoll received the International Prize for Biology, conferred in Tokyo in the presence of the Emperor and Empress of Japan. In 2022, he received the Crafoord Prize in Geosciences.

Books

[edit]
  • 2004 – Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 277 pp., ISBN 978-0-691-12029-4
  • 2007 – The Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea. Falkowski, P. and A.H. Knoll, Eds. Elsevier, Burlington MA, 441 pp., ISBN 978-0-12-370518-1
  • 2012 – Fundamentals of Geobiology. Knoll, A.H., D.E. Canfield and K. Konhauser, Eds. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester UK, 443 pp., ISBN 978-1-4051-8752-7
  • 2013 – Biology: How Life Works. Morris, J., D. Hartl, A.H. Knoll, R. Lue, and others. Macmillan. 2nd Edition 2016: ISBN 978-1-319-06779-3; 4th Edition 2022.
  • 2021 – A Brief History of Earth: Four Billion Years in Eight Chapters. Knoll, A.H. Custom House, New York NY, 272 pp., ISBN 978-0-06-285391-2

Selected papers

[edit]

Honors

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Andrew H. Knoll – Faculty – OEB – Harvard University". Archived from the original on 2013-07-26. Retrieved 2013-07-08.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Andrew H. Knoll".
  3. ^ a b c "Andrew H. Knoll – John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation". Archived from the original on 2013-07-08.
  4. ^ "Biodiversity: Interview with Andrew Knoll Part I". www.astrobio.net. Archived from the original on 2011-04-08.
  5. ^ "Andrew H. Knoll". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
  6. ^ "Andrew Herbert Knoll". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
  7. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
  8. ^ "Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2011.
  9. ^ "University to bestow seven honorary degrees at 519th Convocation". May 27, 2014. Archived from the original on 2015-03-16. Retrieved 2015-04-05.
  10. ^ "Andrew Knoll | Royal Society".
  11. ^ Crafoord Prize 2022
[edit]
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