Edward Osóbka-Morawski: Difference between revisions

Edward Osóbka-Morawski
Edward Osóbka-Morawski
	Osóbka-Morawski in 1944
1st Prime Minister of Polish People's Republic
	In office; 31 December 1944 – 5 February 1947
President	Bolesław Bierut
Deputy	Stanisław Janusz; Władysław Gomułka; Stanisław Mikołajczyk
Preceded by	Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski (As Prime Minister of the Second Polish Republic); Tomasz Arciszewski (As Prime Minister in exile)
Succeeded by	Józef Cyrankiewicz
Personal details
Born	5 October 1909; Bliżyn, Congress Poland, Russian Empire
Died	9 January 1997 (aged 87); Warsaw, Poland
Political party	Polish Socialist Party (before 1948); Polish United Workers Party (1948–1949, 1956–1990)

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Edward Bolesław Osóbka-Morawski ['edvart ɔˈsupka mɔˈrafskʲi] ^ⓘ (5 October 1909 – 9 January 1997) was a Polish activist and politician in the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) before World War II, and after the Soviet takeover of Poland, Chairman of the Communist-dominated interim government, the Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego) formed in Lublin with Stalin's approval.

In October 1944, Osóbka-Morawski was given the role of Minister of Foreign Affairs and Agriculture. Several months later, in June 1945, he was appointed Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of National Unity (Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej), in office until February 1947. Osóbka-Morawski believed the PPS should join with the other non-communist party in Poland, the Polish Peasant Party, to form a united front against the Communist Polish Workers' Party. However, another prominent socialist, Józef Cyrankiewicz argued that the PPS should support the communists while opposing the creation of a one-party state. The Communists, with Soviet support, played on this division and forced Osóbka-Morawski to resign in favour of Cyrankiewicz.

Osóbka-Morawski would make his peace with the Communists, and gradually became a Stalinist. Nonetheless, in 1949 he was dismissed from his new post as the Minister of Public Administration, for "deviationist" tendencies. He was readmitted to the Communist Party, now called the Polish United Workers' Party, during the Polish October revolution of 1956. He then worked as a party official throughout most of his life in the People's Republic of Poland prior to the Revolutions of 1989, and in 1990 failed in his attempt to recreate the old Polish Socialist Party. He died in Warsaw in 1997.^[1]^[2]

Awards and decorations

Grand Cross of Order of Polonia Restituta (19 July 1946)^[3]
Cross of Grunwald, 3rd Class (30 April 1944)^[4]
Partisan Cross (12 June 1946)^[5]
Medal for Warsaw 1939–1945^[6]
Medal of Victory and Freedom 1945
Grand Cross of Order of the White Lion (Czechoslovakia, 1947)
Order of People's Liberation (Yugoslavia, 1946)

Notes and references

^ Edward Osóbka-Morawski. The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland. Warsaw, 2011.
^ "Paid Notice: Deaths OSOBKA-MORAWSKI, EDWARD". The New York Times. January 12, 1997. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
^ "M.P. z 1947 r. nr 74, poz. 490 „w II rocznicę P.K.W.N. w wyróżnieniu zasług na polu pracy nad odrodzeniem państwowości polskiej, nad utrwaleniem jej podstaw demokratycznych i w odbudowie kraju"". Sejm (in Polish).
^ "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 65, poz. 125 - odznaczeni zostali członkowie delegacji Krajowej Rady Narodowej, którzy w marcu 1944 r. przeszli linię frontu". Sejm (in Polish).
^ "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 116, poz. 216 „w uznaniu dla wielkich zasług, położonych w czasie najazdu niemieckiego lat 1939–1945 przy organizowaniu oddziałów partyzanckich i prowadzeniu walki z najeźdźcą"". Sejm (in Polish).
^ "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 26, poz. 43 „w pierwszą rocznicę wyzwolenia Warszawy zasłużonym w walce o wyzwolenie i odbudowę Stolicy (...)"". Sejm (in Polish).

Political offices
Preceded by Tomasz Arciszewski (Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile)	Prime Minister of Poland 1944–1947	Succeeded by Józef Cyrankiewicz

This biographical article about a Polish politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[premier.gov.pl-1] Edward Osóbka-Morawski. The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland. Warsaw, 2011.

[2] "Paid Notice: Deaths OSOBKA-MORAWSKI, EDWARD". The New York Times. January 12, 1997. Retrieved July 25, 2014.

[3] "M.P. z 1947 r. nr 74, poz. 490 „w II rocznicę P.K.W.N. w wyróżnieniu zasług na polu pracy nad odrodzeniem państwowości polskiej, nad utrwaleniem jej podstaw demokratycznych i w odbudowie kraju"". Sejm (in Polish).

[4] "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 65, poz. 125 - odznaczeni zostali członkowie delegacji Krajowej Rady Narodowej, którzy w marcu 1944 r. przeszli linię frontu". Sejm (in Polish).

[5] "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 116, poz. 216 „w uznaniu dla wielkich zasług, położonych w czasie najazdu niemieckiego lat 1939–1945 przy organizowaniu oddziałów partyzanckich i prowadzeniu walki z najeźdźcą"". Sejm (in Polish).

[6] "M.P. z 1946 r. nr 26, poz. 43 „w pierwszą rocznicę wyzwolenia Warszawy zasłużonym w walce o wyzwolenie i odbudowę Stolicy (...)"". Sejm (in Polish).

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[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Polish activist and politician (1909–1997)}}
-{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2011}}
+{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2024}}
-{{Infobox Officeholder
+{{Infobox officeholder
 | name                = Edward Osóbka-Morawski
-| image               = Osobka morawski.jpg
+| image               = Edward Osóbka-Morwskai 1944.jpg
-| imagesize           = 140px
+| imagesize           =
 | smallimage          =
-| caption             =
+| caption             = Osóbka-Morawski in 1944
-| order               = 1st [[Polish People's Republic|Prime Minister of the Polish People's Republic]]</small>
+| order               = 1st [[Prime Minister of Poland|Prime Minister of Polish People's Republic]]
 | term_start          = 31 December 1944
 | term_end            = 5 February 1947
-| viceprimeminister   = [[Władysław Gomułka]], [[Stanisław Mikołajczyk]]
+| deputy              = [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland|Stanisław Janusz]]<br>[[Władysław Gomułka]]<br />[[Stanisław Mikołajczyk]]
 | president           = [[Bolesław Bierut]]
-| predecessor         = [[Tomasz Arciszewski]] ([[Polish Government in Exile|in exile]])
+| predecessor         = [[Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski]] {{small|(As Prime Minister of the [[Second Polish Republic]])}}<br />[[Tomasz Arciszewski]] {{small|(As Prime Minister [[Polish government-in-exile|in exile]])}}
 | successor           = [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]]
 | birth_date          = 5 October 1909
-| birth_place         = [[Bliżyn]], [[Radom Governorate]], [[Congress Poland]], [[Russian Empire]]
+| birth_place         = [[Bliżyn]], [[Congress Poland]], [[Russian Empire]]
 | death_date          = 9 January 1997 (aged 87)
 | death_place         = [[Warsaw]], Poland
 | constituency        =
-| party               = [[Polish Socialist Party]] (before 1948)<br>[[Polish United Workers Party]] (1948-1949, 1956-1990)
+| party               = [[Polish Socialist Party]] (before 1948)<br>[[Polish United Workers Party]] (1948–1949, 1956–1990)
 | spouse              =
 | profession          =
 | religion            =
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 | footnotes           =
 }}
-'''Edward Osóbka-Morawski''' {{IPAc-pl|AUD|Pl-Edward Osóbka-Morawski.ogg|'e|d|w|a|r|t|-|o|'|s|ó|p|k|a|-|m|o|'|r|a|f|s|kʲ|i}} (5 October 1909 – 9 January 1997) was a [[Poland|Polish]] activist and politician in the [[Polish Socialist Party]] (PPS) before World War II, and after the Soviet takeover of Poland, Chairman of the Communist-dominated interim government, the [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] (''Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego'') formed in [[Lublin]] with Stalin's approval.
+'''Edward Bolesław Osóbka-Morawski''' {{IPAc-pl|AUD|Pl-Edward Osóbka-Morawski.ogg|'e|d|w|a|r|t|-|o|'|s|ó|p|k|a|-|m|o|'|r|a|f|s|kʲ|i}} (5 October 1909 – 9 January 1997) was a Polish activist and politician in the [[Polish Socialist Party]] (PPS) before World War II, and after the Soviet takeover of Poland, Chairman of the Communist-dominated interim government, the [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] (''Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego'') formed in [[Lublin]] with Stalin's approval.
-In October 1944, Osóbka-Morawski was given the role of Minister of Foreign Affairs and Agriculture. Several months later, in June 1945, he was appointed Prime Minister of the [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] (''Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej''), in office until February 1947. Osóbka-Morawski believed the PPS should join with the other non-communist party in Poland, the [[Polish Peasant Party]], to form a united front against the Communist [[Polish Workers' Party]].  However, another prominent socialist, [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]] argued that the PPS should support the communists while opposing the creation of an undisguised Communist regime. The Communists, with Soviet support, played on this division and forced Osóbka-Morawski to resign in favour of Cyrankiewicz.
+In October 1944, Osóbka-Morawski was given the role of Minister of Foreign Affairs and Agriculture. Several months later, in June 1945, he was appointed Prime Minister of the [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] (''Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej''), in office until February 1947. Osóbka-Morawski believed the PPS should join with the other non-communist party in Poland, the [[Polish Peasant Party]], to form a united front against the Communist [[Polish Workers' Party]].  However, another prominent socialist, [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]] argued that the PPS should support the communists while opposing the creation of a [[one-party state]]. The Communists, with Soviet support, played on this division and forced Osóbka-Morawski to resign in favour of Cyrankiewicz.
-Osóbka-Morawski would make his peace with the Communists, and gradually became an ardent Stalinist. Nonetheless, in 1949—soon after the advent of out-and-out Communist rule—he was dismissed from his new post as the Minister of Public Administration, for "deviationist" tendencies. He was readmitted to the Communist Party, now called the [[Polish United Workers' Party]], during the [[Polish October]] revolution of 1956. He then worked as a party official throughout most of his life in the [[People's Republic of Poland]] prior to the [[Revolutions of 1989]], and in 1990 failed in his attempt to recreate the old [[Polish Socialist Party]]. He died in Warsaw in 1997.<ref name="premier.gov.pl">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120609211441/http://www.premier.gov.pl/en/prime_minister/history/edward_osobka_morawski,2057/  Edward Osóbka-Morawski.] ''The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland.'' Warsaw, 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/12/classified/paid-notice-deaths-osobka-morawski-edward.html | title=Paid Notice: Deaths OSOBKA-MORAWSKI, EDWARD | publisher=''The New York Times'' | date=12 January 1997 | accessdate=25 July 2014}}</ref>
+Osóbka-Morawski would make his peace with the Communists, and gradually became a [[Stalinism|Stalinist]]. Nonetheless, in 1949 he was dismissed from his new post as the Minister of Public Administration, for "[[Deviationism|deviationist]]" tendencies. He was readmitted to the Communist Party, now called the [[Polish United Workers' Party]], during the [[Polish October]] revolution of 1956. He then worked as a party official throughout most of his life in the [[People's Republic of Poland]] prior to the [[Revolutions of 1989]], and in 1990 failed in his attempt to recreate the old [[Polish Socialist Party]]. He died in Warsaw in 1997.<ref name="premier.gov.pl">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120609211441/http://www.premier.gov.pl/en/prime_minister/history/edward_osobka_morawski,2057/  Edward Osóbka-Morawski.] ''The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland.'' Warsaw, 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/12/classified/paid-notice-deaths-osobka-morawski-edward.html | title=Paid Notice: Deaths OSOBKA-MORAWSKI, EDWARD | newspaper=The New York Times | date=12 January 1997 | access-date=25 July 2014}}</ref>
+==Awards and decorations==
+* [[File:POL Polonia Restituta Wielki BAR.svg|60px]] Grand Cross of [[Order of Polonia Restituta]] (19 July 1946)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WMP19470740490|title=M.P. z 1947 r. nr 74, poz. 490 „w II rocznicę P.K.W.N. w wyróżnieniu zasług na polu pracy nad odrodzeniem państwowości polskiej, nad utrwaleniem jej podstaw demokratycznych i w odbudowie kraju”.|work=Sejm|language= Polish}}</ref>
+* [[File:POL Order Krzyża Grunwaldu 3 Klasy BAR.svg|60px]] [[Cross of Grunwald]], 3rd Class (30 April 1944)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WMP19460650125|title= M.P. z 1946 r. nr 65, poz. 125 - odznaczeni zostali członkowie delegacji Krajowej Rady Narodowej, którzy w marcu 1944 r. przeszli linię frontu.|work=Sejm|language=Polish}}</ref>
+* [[File:POL Krzyż Partyzancki BAR.svg|60px]] [[Partisan Cross]] (12 June 1946)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WMP19461160216|title= M.P. z 1946 r. nr 116, poz. 216 „w uznaniu dla wielkich zasług, położonych w czasie najazdu niemieckiego lat 1939–1945 przy organizowaniu oddziałów partyzanckich i prowadzeniu walki z najeźdźcą”.|work=Sejm|language=Polish}}</ref>
+* [[File:POL Za Warszawę 1939-1945 BAR.svg|60px]] [[Medal for Warsaw 1939–1945]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WMP19460260043|title= M.P. z 1946 r. nr 26, poz. 43 „w pierwszą rocznicę wyzwolenia Warszawy zasłużonym w walce o wyzwolenie i odbudowę Stolicy (...)”.|work=Sejm|language=Polish}}</ref>
+* [[File:POL Medal Zwycięstwa i Wolności BAR.svg|60px]] [[Medal of Victory and Freedom 1945]]
+* [[File:CZE Rad Bileho Lva 3 tridy BAR.svg|60px]] Grand Cross of [[Order of the White Lion]] (Czechoslovakia, 1947)
+* [[File:Order of the National liberation Rib.png|60px]] [[Order of People's Liberation]] (Yugoslavia, 1946)
 ==See also==
@@ Line 54: / Line 64: @@
 [[Category:Polish Socialist Party politicians]]
 [[Category:Polish United Workers' Party members]]
-[[Category:Prime Ministers of Poland]]
+[[Category:Prime ministers of Poland]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Poland]]
+[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of Poland]]
 [[Category:Members of the State National Council]]
-[[Category:Members of the Polish Sejm 1947–52]]
+[[Category:Members of the Polish Sejm 1947–1952]]
 [[Category:Diplomats of the Polish People's Republic]]
 [[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta]]
 [[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Grunwald, 3rd class]]
-[[Category:Recipients of the Partisan Cross]]
 [[Category:Burials at Powązki Military Cemetery]]
+[[Category:People from wartime administrations in Poland (1939–1947)]]
 {{Poland-politician-stub}}

v t e Prime ministers of Poland
Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1813)	Małachowski Gutakowski Poniatowski* Potocki
Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)	Kucharzewski Ponikowski Kanty Steczkowski Świeżyński Wróblewski
Republic of Poland (1918–1939)	Daszyński Moraczewski Paderewski Skulski Grabski Witos Ponikowski Śliwiński Nowak Sikorski Witos Grabski Skrzyński Witos Bartel Piłsudski Bartel Świtalski Bartel Sławek Piłsudski Sławek Prystor Jędrzejewicz Kozłowski Sławek Zyndram-Kościałkowski Składkowski
Polish government-in-exile (1939–1990)	Sikorski Mikołajczyk Arciszewski Bór-Komorowski Tomaszewski Odzierzyński Hryniewski Mackiewicz Hanke Pająk Zawisza Muchniewski Urbański Sabbat Szczepanik
Polish People's Republic (1944–1989)	Osóbka-Morawski Cyrankiewicz Bierut Cyrankiewicz Jaroszewicz Babiuch Pińkowski Jaruzelski Messner Rakowski Kiszczak Mazowiecki
Republic of Poland (1990–present)	Mazowiecki Bielecki Olszewski Pawlak Suchocka Pawlak Oleksy Cimoszewicz Buzek Miller Belka Marcinkiewicz Kaczyński Tusk Kopacz Szydło Morawiecki Tusk
*Acting

v t e Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland
Republic of Poland	Leon Wasilewski Ignacy Jan Paderewski Władysław Wróblewski Stanisław Patek Eustachy Sapieha Jan Dąbski Konstanty Skirmunt Gabriel Narutowicz Aleksander Skrzyński Marian Seyda Roman Dmowski Karol Bertoni Maurycy Klemens Zamoyski Aleksander Skrzyński Kajetan Dzierżykraj-Morawski August Zaleski Józef Beck
Polish government-in-exile	August Zaleski Edward Raczyński Tadeusz Romer Adam Tarnowski Mieczysław Sokołowski Aleksander Zawisza Jerzy Gawenda Jan Starzewski Bronisław Hełczyński Jerzy Gawenda Zygmunt Zawadowski Kazimierz Sabbat Zygmunt Skopiak
People's Republic of Poland	Edward Osóbka-Morawski Wincenty Rzymowski Zygmunt Modzelewski Stanisław Skrzeszewski Adam Rapacki Stefan Jędrychowski Stefan Olszowski Emil Wojtaszek Józef Czyrek Stefan Olszowski Marian Orzechowski Tadeusz Olechowski
Republic of Poland	Krzysztof Skubiszewski Andrzej Olechowski Władysław Bartoszewski Dariusz Rosati Bronisław Geremek Władysław Bartoszewski Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz Adam Daniel Rotfeld Stefan Meller Anna Fotyga Radosław Sikorski Grzegorz Schetyna Witold Waszczykowski Jacek Czaputowicz Zbigniew Rau Szymon Szynkowski vel Sęk Radosław Sikorski

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