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Coordinates: 45°54′N 64°42′E / 45.9°N 64.7°E / 45.9; 64.7
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{{Short description|Stratigraphic Unit in Kazakhstan}}
{{Infobox rockunit
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Bostobe Svita
| name = Bostobe Formation
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Santonian]] - [[Campanian]])
| age = [[Santonian]]-[[Campanian|early Campanian]]<br>~{{fossil range|85}}
| prilithology =
| period = Campanian
| prilithology = [[Sandstone]]
| otherlithology =
| otherlithology = [[Claystone]]
| namedfor =
| namedfor = [[Bostobe River]]
| namedby =
| namedby =
| region = [[Asia]]
| region = [[Qaraghandy]] & [[Qyzylorda]]
| country = [[Kazakhstan]]
| country = {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| coordinates =
| coordinates = {{coord|45.9|N|64.7|E|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|38.7|N|58.0|E|display=inline}}
| unitof =
| subunits =
| unitof =
| underlies =
| subunits =
| overlies =
| underlies = [[Akzhar Formation]]
| thickness =
| overlies = [[Zhirkindek Formation]]
| extent =
| thickness = About {{convert|45|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| area =
| extent =
| map =
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Kazakhstan
| map_caption =
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 45.9
| lon_deg = 64.7
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 46.5
| lon_deg = 64.4
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 51.3
| lon_deg = 54.2
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 49.5
| lon_deg = 74.4
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 46.8
| lon_deg = 64.3
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 46.6
| lon_deg = 63.9
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | Kazakhstan
| lat_deg = 46.4
| lon_deg = 64.2
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
}}
}}
| map_caption =
The '''Bostobe Svita''' is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the [[Late Cretaceous]]. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="cretaceousdistribution">Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Cretaceous, Asia)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 593-600. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.</ref>
}}
The '''Bostobe Formation''' ({{langx|kk|Boztóbe svıtasy}}) is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in [[Qaraghandy]] & [[Qyzylorda]], Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the [[Late Cretaceous]] ([[Santonian]] to [[Campanian|early Campanian]] stages, approximately 85 Ma).


The [[sandstone]]s and [[claystone]]s of the formation were deposited in [[estuary|estuarine]], [[fluvial]]-[[lacustrine]] and fluvial-[[river delta|deltaic]] [[depositional environment|environments]].
==Vertebrate paleofauna==
* '''Theropods''':
** Troodontidae indet.<ref name=Bostobe>Averianov, A., 2016. Frontal bones of non-avian theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-?Campanian) Bostobe Formation of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53 (2) 168-175. http://cjes.geoscienceworld.org/content/53/2/168</ref>
** Therizinosauria indet.<ref name=Bostobe/>
** Ornithomimosauria indet.<ref name=Bostobe/>
** Tyrannosauroidea indet.
* '''Ornithopods''':
** ''[[Aralosaurus|Aralosaurus tuberiferus]]''
** ''[[Arstanosaurus|Arstanosaurus akkurganensis]]''
** ''[[Batyrosaurus|Batyrosaurus rozhdestvenskyi]]''
* '''Pterosaurs''':
** ''[[Aralazhdarcho|Aralazhdarcho bostobensis]]''<ref>A. O. Averianov (2004), “New Data on Cretaceous Flying Reptiles (Pterosauria) of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan,” ''Paleontol. Zh.'', No. 4, 73–83 (''Paleontol. J.'' '''38''' (4), 426–436)</ref>
** ''[[Samrukia|Samrukia nessovi]]''
* '''Mammals''':
** ''[[Beleutinus|Beleutinus orlovi]]''
** ''[[Zhalmouzia|Zhalmouzia bazhanovi]]''
** ''[[Parazhelestes]]'' sp.<ref>A. O. Averianov, J. D. Archibald, P. P. Skutschas and G. J. Dyke. 2014. New mammal remains from the Late Cretaceous Bostobe Formation (northeast Aral Sea Region, Kazakhstan). Palaeoworld 23:314-320.</ref>
* '''Turtles''':
** ''[[Khunnuchelys|Khunnuchelys lophorhothon]]'' (a [[Trionychidae|trionychid]] [[turtle]], known from remains initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. ''[[Lophorhothon]] sp'')<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Igor G. Danilov|author2=Natasha S. Vitek|author3=Alexander O. Averianov|author4=Vadim N. Glinskiy|last-author-amp=yes |year=2014 |title=A new softshelled trionychid turtle of the genus ''Khunnuchelys'' from the Upper Cretaceous Bostobe Formation of Kazakhstan |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.4202/app.2013.0045 }}</ref>


Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="cretaceousdistribution">Weishampel et al. , 2004, pp.593-600</ref> The formation is about {{convert|45|m|ft}} thick and consists primarily of clay with interbeds of sand, representing an estuarine environment.<ref name=Kordikova2001>Kordikova et al., 2001</ref>
==See also==

{{Portal|Paleontology}}
== Fossil content ==
''[[Khunnuchelys|Khunnuchelys lophorhothon]]'', a [[Trionychidae|trionychid]] [[turtle]] recovered from the formation, was initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. ''[[Lophorhothon]] sp''.<ref name=Danilov2014>Danilov et al., 2014</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
;Mammals
* ''[[Beleutinus|Beleutinus orlovi]]''
* ''[[Zhalmouzia|Zhalmouzia bazhanovi]]''<ref name=Averianov2014b>Averianov et al., 2014b</ref>
* ''[[Parazhelestes|Parazhelestes sp.]]''<ref name=Averianov2014a>Averianov et al., 2014a</ref>

;Ankylosaurs
* [[Ankylosauridae]] indet.
;Ornithopods
* ''[[Aralosaurus|Aralosaurus tuberiferus]]''
* ''[[Arstanosaurus|Arstanosaurus akkurganensis]]''
* ''[[Batyrosaurus|Batyrosaurus rozhdestvenskyi]]''

;Sauropods
* [[Titanosauridae]] indet.
* [[Sauropoda]] indet.

;Theropods
* [[Caenagnathidae]] indet.
* [[Troodontidae|Troodontidae indet.]]<ref name=Bostobe>Averianov, 2016</ref>
* [[Therizinosauria|Therizinosauria indet.]]<ref name=Bostobe/>
* [[Ornithomimidae]] indet.<ref name=Bostobe/>
* [[Tyrannosauroidea|Tyrannosauroidea indet.]]

;Pterosaurs
* ''[[Aralazhdarcho|Aralazhdarcho bostobensis]]''<ref name=Averianov2004>Averianov, 2004</ref>
* ''[[Samrukia|Samrukia nessovi]]''

;Turtles
* ''[[Adocus|Adocus foveatus]]''
* ''[[Anatolemys|Anatolemys maximus]]''
* ''[[Khunnuchelys|Khunnuchelys lophorhothon]]''<ref name=Danilov2014/>
* ''[[Lindholmemys|Lindholmemys gravis]]''
* ''[[Shachemys|Shachemys baibolatica]]''
* ''[[Trionyx|Trionyx kansaiensis]]'', ''[[Trionyx|T. onomatoplokos]]'', ''[[Trionyx|T. riabinini]]''

;Other reptiles
* ''[[Bishara (reptile)|Bishara]] backa''

;Amphibians
* [[Anura (frog)|Anura indet.]]
* ''[[Eoscapherpeton]]''
;Fish
* ''[[Gobiates|Gobiates sp.]]''

;Flora
* [[Ulmaceae|Ulmaceae indet.]]
{{div col end}}

== See also ==
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]
* [[List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kazakhstan]]
* [[List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kazakhstan]]
* [[Bissekty Formation]]
* [[Madygen Formation]]
* [[Karabastau Formation]]
* [[Kugitang Svita]]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|20em}}


=== Bibliography ===
{{coord missing|Kazakhstan}}
<!--Most recent publications first-->
* {{citation |last=Averianov |first=A |year=2016 |title=Frontal bones of non-avian theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-?Campanian) Bostobe Formation of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan |url=http://cjes.geoscienceworld.org/content/53/2/168 |journal=[[Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences]] |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=168–175 |doi=10.1139/cjes-2015-0099 |bibcode=2016CaJES..53..168A |accessdate=2020-03-23}}
* {{citation |first1=Igor G. |last1=Danilov |first2=Natasha S. |last2=Vitek |first3=Alexander O. |last3=Averianov |first4=Vadim N. |last4=Glinskiy |year=2015 |title=A new softshelled trionychid turtle of the genus ''Khunnuchelys'' from the Upper Cretaceous Bostobe Formation of Kazakhstan |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20130045.html |journal=[[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]] |volume=60 |pages=155–161 |accessdate=2020-03-23 |doi=10.4202/app.2013.0045|doi-access=free }}
* {{citation |first1=A.O. |last1=Averianov |first2=J.D. |last2=Archibald |first3=P.P. |last3=Skutschas |first4=G.J. |last4=Dyke |year=2014a |title=New mammal remains from the Late Cretaceous Bostobe Formation (northeast Aral Sea Region, Kazakhstan) |url=http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/faculty/archibald/averianov_et_al_2014b.pdf |journal=[[Palaeoworld]] |volume=23 |issue=3–4 |pages=314–320 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2014.10.009 |accessdate=2020-03-23}}
* {{citation |last1=Averianov |first1=A. |first2=J.D. |last2=Archibald |first3=G.J. |last3=Dyke |year=2014b |title=A new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20110143.html |journal=[[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]] |volume=59 |pages=537–542 |accessdate=2020-03-23}}
* {{citation |last=Averianov |first=A.O |year=2004 |title=New Data on Cretaceous Flying Reptiles (Pterosauria) of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan |journal=[[Paleontological Journal]] |volume=38 |pages=426–436}}
* {{citation |last1=Weishampel |first1=David B. |author2-link=Peter Dodson |last2=Dodson |first2=Peter |author3-link=Halszka Osmólska |last3=Osmólska |first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria, 2nd edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |pages=1–880 |accessdate=2019-02-21 |isbn=0-520-24209-2 |author1-link=David B. Weishampel }}
* {{citation |last1=Kordikova |first1=E.G. |last2=Polly |first2=P.D. |last3=Alifanov |first3=V.A. |last4=Roček |first4=Z. |last5=Gunnell |first5=G.F. |last6=Averianov |first6=A.O. |year=2001 |title=Small vertebrates from the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan |journal=[[Journal of Paleontology]] |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=390–400 |doi=10.1017/S0022336000018187 |issn=0022-3360|url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/14896/files/PAL_E2038.pdf }}


== Further reading ==
<!--Most recent publications first-->
* A. O. Averianov. 2007. Theropod dinosaurs from Late Cretaceous deposits in the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Cretaceous Research 28:532-544
* E. G. Kordikova, S. M. Kurzanov, and G. F. Gunnell. 1997. Unusual dinosaur claw phalanxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Morphology 232(3):278
* L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1–156
* L. A. Nessov. 1988. Late Mesozoic amphibians and lizards of Soviet Middle Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31(14):475-486
* L. A. Nessov. 1984. Data on late Mesozoic turtles from the USSR. Studia Geologica Salamanticensia, vol. especial 1 (Studia Palaeocheloniologica I) 1:215-223
* L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii [Amphibia and reptiles in Cretaceous ecosystems of central Asia]. In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91–92
* A. K. Rozhdestvensky. 1964. Novye dannye o mestonakhozhdeniyakh dinozavrov na territorii Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii [New data on occurrences of dinosaurs in Kazakhstan and Central Asia]. Tashkentskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Nauchnye Trudy: Geologiya [Tashkent State University, Scientific Publications: Geology] 234:227-241

[[Category:Geologic formations of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Upper Cretaceous Series of Asia]]
[[Category:Upper Cretaceous Series of Asia]]
[[Category:Geology of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Cretaceous Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Campanian Stage]]
[[Category:Santonian Stage]]
[[Category:Sandstone formations]]
[[Category:Shale formations]]
[[Category:Deltaic deposits]]
[[Category:Fluvial deposits]]
[[Category:Lacustrine deposits]]
[[Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of Asia]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Geography of Karaganda Region|Formations]]

[[Category:Kyzylorda Region|Formations]]

{{Kazakhstan-geo-stub}}
{{paleo-site-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:03, 8 November 2024

Bostobe Formation
Stratigraphic range: Santonian-early Campanian
~85 Ma
↓
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesAkzhar Formation
OverliesZhirkindek Formation
ThicknessAbout 45 m (148 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
OtherClaystone
Location
Coordinates45°54′N 64°42′E / 45.9°N 64.7°E / 45.9; 64.7
Approximate paleocoordinates38°42′N 58°00′E / 38.7°N 58.0°E / 38.7; 58.0
RegionQaraghandy & Qyzylorda
Country Kazakhstan
Type section
Named forBostobe River
Bostobe Formation is located in Kazakhstan
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation
Bostobe Formation (Kazakhstan)

The Bostobe Formation (Kazakh: Boztóbe svıtasy) is a geological formation in Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda, Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to early Campanian stages, approximately 85 Ma).

The sandstones and claystones of the formation were deposited in estuarine, fluvial-lacustrine and fluvial-deltaic environments.

Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] The formation is about 45 metres (148 ft) thick and consists primarily of clay with interbeds of sand, representing an estuarine environment.[2]

Fossil content

[edit]

Khunnuchelys lophorhothon, a trionychid turtle recovered from the formation, was initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. Lophorhothon sp.[3]

Mammals
Ankylosaurs
Ornithopods
Sauropods
Theropods
Pterosaurs
Turtles
Other reptiles
Amphibians
Fish
Flora

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Weishampel et al. , 2004, pp.593-600
  2. ^ Kordikova et al., 2001
  3. ^ a b Danilov et al., 2014
  4. ^ Averianov et al., 2014b
  5. ^ Averianov et al., 2014a
  6. ^ a b c Averianov, 2016
  7. ^ Averianov, 2004

Bibliography

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • A. O. Averianov. 2007. Theropod dinosaurs from Late Cretaceous deposits in the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Cretaceous Research 28:532-544
  • E. G. Kordikova, S. M. Kurzanov, and G. F. Gunnell. 1997. Unusual dinosaur claw phalanxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Morphology 232(3):278
  • L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1–156
  • L. A. Nessov. 1988. Late Mesozoic amphibians and lizards of Soviet Middle Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31(14):475-486
  • L. A. Nessov. 1984. Data on late Mesozoic turtles from the USSR. Studia Geologica Salamanticensia, vol. especial 1 (Studia Palaeocheloniologica I) 1:215-223
  • L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii [Amphibia and reptiles in Cretaceous ecosystems of central Asia]. In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91–92
  • A. K. Rozhdestvensky. 1964. Novye dannye o mestonakhozhdeniyakh dinozavrov na territorii Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii [New data on occurrences of dinosaurs in Kazakhstan and Central Asia]. Tashkentskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Nauchnye Trudy: Geologiya [Tashkent State University, Scientific Publications: Geology] 234:227-241
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