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| birth_place = [[Long Beach, California]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Long Beach, California]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1996|5|25|1968|2|22}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1996|5|25|1968|2|22}}
| death_place = [[San Francisco, California]], U.S.
| death_place = San Francisco, California, U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|[[Ska punk]]|[[reggae rock]]|[[reggae]]|[[third wave ska]]|[[alternative rock]]|[[acoustic rock]]|[[hip hop music|hip hop]]|[[punk rock]]}}
| genre = {{hlist|[[Ska punk]]|[[reggae rock]]|[[alternative rock]]|[[punk rock]]|}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Musician|songwriter|music producer}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Musician|singer|songwriter}}
| instrument = {{hlist|Vocals|guitar|keyboards|synthesizer|bass|percussion|congas|sampler|drum programming}}
| instrument = {{hlist|Vocals|guitar}}
| years_active = 1981–1996
| years_active = 1984–1996
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Sublime (band)|Sublime]]|Hogan's Heroes|[[Gwen Stefani]]|[[Long Beach Dub All Stars]]}}
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Sublime (band)|Sublime]]|Hogan's Heroes|[[Gwen Stefani]]}}
| website =
| website =
}}
}}
'''Bradley James Nowell''' (February 22, 1968 – May 25, 1996) was an American musician and the lead singer and guitarist of the [[ska punk]] band [[Sublime (band)|Sublime]].
'''Bradley James Nowell''' (February 22, 1968 – May 25, 1996) was an American musician and the lead singer of the band [[Sublime (band)|Sublime]].<ref name="dead" />


Born and raised in [[Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California]], Nowell developed an interest in music at a young age. His father took him on a trip to [[Jamaica]] during his childhood years, which exposed him to [[reggae]] and [[dancehall]] music; he then gained a strong interest in [[rock music]] once he learned how to play guitar. Nowell played in various bands until forming Sublime with bassist [[Eric Wilson (bassist)|Eric Wilson]] and drummer [[Bud Gaugh]], whom he had met while attending [[California State University, Long Beach]]. In his lifetime, Sublime released the albums ''[[40oz. to Freedom]]'' and ''[[Robbin' the Hood]]'' to critical and commercial success.
Born and raised in [[Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California]], Nowell developed an interest in music at a young age. Nowell formed Sublime with bassist [[Eric Wilson (bassist)|Eric Wilson]] and drummer [[Bud Gaugh]], whom he had met while attending [[California State University, Long Beach]]. During his lifetime, Sublime released the albums ''[[40oz. to Freedom]]'' and ''[[Robbin' the Hood]]'' to critical and commercial success. In 1996, Nowell died of a heroin overdose in a San Francisco hotel while Sublime was on tour.

Throughout the band's career, Nowell struggled with a worsening addiction to [[heroin]]. He eventually became sober after his son [[Jakob Nowell|Jakob]], with girlfriend Troy Dendekker, was born in 1995. In 1996, Nowell relapsed and died of a heroin overdose in a [[San Francisco]] hotel while Sublime was on tour. Sublime released [[Sublime (album)|their self-titled third album]] two months after Nowell's death and has subsequently released several compilation albums featuring the hundreds of songs he had recorded. Nowell remains an influential figure of the 1990s [[Alternative rock|alternative]] era in his legacy.


==Early life==
==Early life==
Bradley Nowell and his sister, Kellie, were born and raised in the [[Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California|Belmont Shore]] neighborhood of [[Long Beach, California]], to Jim and Nancy Nowell.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic>{{cite episode |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/behind_the_music/episode.jhtml?episodeID=55758 |title=Sublime |series=[[Behind the Music]] |number=169 |network=[[VH1]] |air-date=30 May 2001 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304130700/http://www.vh1.com/shows/behind_the_music/episode.jhtml?episodeID=55758 |archive-date=4 March 2010}}</ref><ref name="latimes1995">{{cite news |title=Sublime Making the Most of '40oz.' of Success|last=Boehm|first=Mike|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=4 May 1995|access-date=4 March 2022|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-05-04-ca-62206-story.html}}</ref> As a child, he enjoyed [[surfing]] and [[sailing]], often participating in boat races. Nowell became a difficult child and was often [[hyperactive]] and disruptive; his mother recalled that he was "very emotional, very sensitive, very artistic, but he was needy … He was always testing just to see what he could get away with."<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> After his parents' [[divorce]] when he was 10, Nowell's behavior worsened. His mother was originally awarded custody, but found him too difficult to control, and at the age of 10 he moved in full time with his father.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>
Nowell and his sister, Kellie, were born and raised in the [[Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California|Belmont Shore]] neighborhood of [[Long Beach, California]], to Jim and Nancy Nowell.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic>{{cite episode |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/behind_the_music/episode.jhtml?episodeID=55758 |title=Sublime |series=[[Behind the Music]] |number=169 |network=[[VH1]] |air-date=30 May 2001 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304130700/http://www.vh1.com/shows/behind_the_music/episode.jhtml?episodeID=55758 |archive-date=4 March 2010}}</ref><ref name="latimes1995">{{cite news |title=Sublime Making the Most of '40oz.' of Success|last=Boehm|first=Mike|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=4 May 1995|access-date=4 March 2022|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-05-04-ca-62206-story.html}}</ref> As a child, he enjoyed [[surfing]] and sailing, often participating in boat races. Nowell became a difficult child and was often [[hyperactive]] and disruptive; his mother recalled that he was "very emotional, very sensitive, very artistic, but he was needy … He was always testing just to see what he could get away with."<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> After his parents' divorce when he was 10, Nowell's behavior worsened. His mother was originally awarded custody, but found him too difficult to control, and at the age of 10 he moved in full time with his father.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>


[[Image:Youngbradleynowell.jpg|thumb|left|Nowell performs with his band]]
[[Image:Youngbradleynowell.jpg|thumb|left|Nowell performs with his band]]


Music was an integral part of Nowell's upbringing on the part of both of his parents.<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/artist/brad-nowell-p295993/biography|title=Brad Nowell Biography|last=Prato|first=Greg|work=Allmusic|access-date=February 2, 2011}}</ref> His father, a construction worker, enjoyed playing guitar and exposed him to the music of [[Jim Croce]]; his mother taught [[piano]] for a living in addition to playing the [[flute]].<ref name="latimes1995"/> Both parents helped teach young Nowell to play the guitar.<ref name="latimes1995"/> In the summer of 1979, 11-year-old Nowell accompanied his father on a month-long sailing trip in the [[Virgin Islands]], where he was first exposed to [[reggae]] music.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>
Music was an integral part of Nowell's upbringing on the part of both of his parents.<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/artist/brad-nowell-p295993/biography|title=Brad Nowell Biography|last=Prato|first=Greg|work=Allmusic|access-date=February 2, 2011}}</ref> His father, a construction worker, enjoyed playing guitar and exposed him to the music of [[Jim Croce]]; his mother taught piano for a living in addition to playing the flute.<ref name="latimes1995"/> Both parents helped teach young Nowell to play the guitar.<ref name="latimes1995"/> In the summer of 1979, 11-year-old Nowell accompanied his father on a month-long sailing trip in the [[Virgin Islands]], where he was first exposed to [[reggae]] music.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>


By the age of 16, he had started his first band, Hogan's Heroes, with Michael Yates and [[Eric Wilson (bassist)|Eric Wilson]]. Nowell was described as a "gifted kid without many friends."<ref name="Drug Bust">{{cite magazine|last=Smith|first=RJ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGB0iIRXtJEC&pg=PA63|title=The Year in Music|magazine=Spin|volume=12|number=10|page=63|date=6 January 1997|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref> At first, Wilson did not share Nowell's interest in reggae music. Nowell recalled the experience: "I was trying to get them to do ([[UB40]]'s version of) 'Cherry Oh Baby,' and it didn't work. They tried, but it just sounded like such garbage. We were horrible."<ref name="latimes1995"/> Nowell attended [[Long Beach Polytechnic High School]] (where he took advanced courses) and graduated from [[Woodrow Wilson Classical High School]] in Long Beach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ocweekly.com/bradley-nowell-feb-22-1968-may-25-1996-6417432/|title=Bradley Nowell: Feb. 22, 1968-May 25, 1996 – OC Weekly|website=www.ocweekly.com|date=May 19, 2011 }}</ref> He attended the [[University of California, Santa Cruz]] before transferring to [[California State University, Long Beach]] to study [[finance]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://agaric40.tripod.com/info/lb-pt.html | title=Hometown paper talks about Brad }}</ref><ref name="latimes1995"/> He dropped out one semester shy of earning a degree, stating in 1995, "I have all the hard classes left … I doubt I'll ever go back."<ref name="latimes1995"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ocweekly.com/dont-start-a-riot-6403403/ | title=Don't Start a Riot – OC Weekly | date=July 29, 2010 }}</ref>
By the age of 16, he had started his first band, Hogan's Heroes, with Michael Yates and [[Eric Wilson (bassist)|Eric Wilson]]. Nowell was described as a "gifted kid without many friends."<ref name="Drug Bust">{{cite magazine|last=Smith|first=RJ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGB0iIRXtJEC&pg=PA63|title=The Year in Music|magazine=Spin|volume=12|number=10|page=63|date=6 January 1997|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref> At first, Wilson did not share Nowell's interest in reggae music. Nowell recalled the experience: "I was trying to get them to do ([[UB40]]'s version of) 'Cherry Oh Baby,' and it didn't work. They tried, but it just sounded like such garbage. We were horrible."<ref name="latimes1995"/> Nowell attended [[Long Beach Polytechnic High School]] (where he took advanced courses) and graduated from [[Woodrow Wilson Classical High School]] in Long Beach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ocweekly.com/bradley-nowell-feb-22-1968-may-25-1996-6417432/|title=Bradley Nowell: Feb. 22, 1968-May 25, 1996 – OC Weekly|website=www.ocweekly.com|date=May 19, 2011 }}</ref> He attended the [[University of California, Santa Cruz]] before transferring to [[California State University, Long Beach]] to study finance.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://agaric40.tripod.com/info/lb-pt.html | title=Hometown paper talks about Brad }}</ref><ref name="latimes1995"/> He dropped out one semester shy of earning a degree.<ref name="latimes1995"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ocweekly.com/dont-start-a-riot-6403403/ | title=Don't Start a Riot – OC Weekly | date=July 29, 2010 }}</ref>


==Sublime==
==Sublime==
According to a Westwood One interview (which can be found on disc three of the Sublime box set), in 1988 Nowell got together with bassist Wilson and drummer Bud Gaugh, performing in small shows at house parties and barbecues. The band was often asked to leave the parties due to excessive noise.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Despite their local success, music venues were skeptical of the band's eclectic musical fusion and many refused to book the band. In response, Nowell and Wilson created their own music label, [[Skunk Records]], telling venues they were "Skunk Records recording artists," helping the band seem more accomplished and enabling them to book more shows.<ref name="Time"/> The band produced and distributed Sublime's early recordings on the label, later selling demo tapes at shows and local record stores.{{cn|date=February 2024}}
In 1988, according to a Westwood One interview, which is available on disc three of the Sublime box set, Nowell, bassist Wilson, and drummer Bud Gaugh grouped together to perform small shows at house parties and barbecues. The band was often asked to leave the parties due to excessive noise.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Despite their local success, music venues were skeptical of the band's eclectic musical fusion and many refused to book the band. In response, Nowell and Wilson created their own music label, [[Skunk Records]], telling venues they were "Skunk Records recording artists," helping the band seem more accomplished and enabling them to book more shows.<ref name="Time"/> The band produced and distributed Sublime's early recordings on the label, later selling demo tapes at shows and local record stores.{{cn|date=February 2024}}


In 1990, music student [[Michael Happoldt|Michael "Miguel" Happoldt]] offered to let the band record in the studio at the school where he was studying, although without the school's knowledge. The band agreed, then sneaked into the school at night, where they recorded from midnight to seven in the morning.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> That recording session resulted in the cassette tape ''[[Jah Won't Pay the Bills]]'', released in 1991. The tape helped the band gain a grassroots following throughout Southern California.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} It was during this time that Nowell became involved with drugs. For years, Nowell refused to try [[heroin]]; however, as he entered his twenties and witnessed his band's success, he decided to try the drug. Nowell's father explained, "His excuse for taking the heroin was that he felt like he had to be larger than life. He was leading the band, leading his fans, and he had to put on this persona. He heard a lot of musicians say they were taking heroin to be more creative."<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>
In 1990, music student [[Michael Happoldt|Michael "Miguel" Happoldt]] offered to let the band record in the studio at the school where he was studying, although without the school's knowledge. The band agreed, then sneaked into the school at night, where they recorded from midnight to seven in the morning.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> That recording session resulted in the cassette tape ''[[Jah Won't Pay the Bills]]'', released in 1991. The tape helped the band gain a grassroots following throughout Southern California.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}


Using the same tactics they used in recording ''Jah Won't Pay the Bills'', the band recorded its debut album ''[[40oz. to Freedom]]'' in secrecy at the studios at [[California State University, Dominguez Hills]].<ref name="Limit">{{cite news|title=Ska's the Limit for Controversial Band Sublime|last=Freedom du Lac|first=J.|work=[[The Sacramento Bee]]|publisher= Cheryl Dell|date=November 5, 1995}}</ref> Nowell recalled, "You weren't supposed to be in there after 9 p.m., but we'd go in at 9:30 and stay until 5 in the morning. We'd just hide from the security guards. They never knew we were there. We managed to get $30,000 worth of studio time for free".<ref name="Limit"/> ''40oz. to Freedom'' was released in 1992; 60,000 copies were sold.<ref name="Bradley James Nowell">{{cite web|url=http://www.sublimemusic.com/band.html |title=The Band |website=www.sublimemusic.com |access-date=4 March 2022}}</ref>
Using the same tactics they used in recording ''Jah Won't Pay the Bills'', the band recorded its debut album ''[[40oz. to Freedom]]'' in secrecy at the studios at [[California State University, Dominguez Hills]].<ref name="Limit">{{cite news|title=Ska's the Limit for Controversial Band Sublime|last=Freedom du Lac|first=J.|work=[[The Sacramento Bee]]|publisher= Cheryl Dell|date=November 5, 1995}}</ref> Nowell recalled, "You weren't supposed to be in there after 9 p.m., but we'd go in at 9:30 and stay until 5 in the morning. We'd just hide from the security guards. They never knew we were there. We managed to get $30,000 worth of studio time for free".<ref name="Limit"/> ''40oz. to Freedom'' was released in 1992; 60,000 copies were sold.<ref name="Bradley James Nowell">{{cite web|url=http://www.sublimemusic.com/band.html |title=The Band |website=www.sublimemusic.com |access-date=4 March 2022}}</ref>


{{Quote box|salign=right |width=25em|align=right | quote = "We just kept being punkers and doing it all by ourselves. Now here we are today. We never thought it would be like this. We just thought we'd always be playing backyard parties. A couple of hundred people in Long Beach can claim we played in their back yards". |source =—Nowell, on Sublime's success in 1995.<ref name="Loafing">{{cite news|title=Belmont Shore's Sublime, playing Board in South Bay on Saturday, isn't fazed by the success, or furor, over its recording 'Date Rape.'|last=Brown|first=Mark|work=[[The Orange County Register]]|publisher=Freedom Communications, Inc.|date=April 30, 1995}}</ref>}}
{{Quote box|salign=right |width=25em|align=right | quote = "We just kept being punkers and doing it all by ourselves. Now here we are today. We never thought it would be like this. We just thought we'd always be playing backyard parties. A couple of hundred people in Long Beach can claim we played in their back yards". |source =—Nowell, on [[Sublime (band)|Sublime]]'s success in 1995.<ref name="Loafing">{{cite news|title=Belmont Shore's Sublime, playing Board in South Bay on Saturday, isn't fazed by the success, or furor, over its recording 'Date Rape.'|last=Brown|first=Mark|work=[[The Orange County Register]]|publisher=Freedom Communications, Inc.|date=April 30, 1995}}</ref>}}


Despite their growing popularity in Southern California, Sublime still was not signed with a major label. Around this same time, Nowell teamed up with longtime friend [[Gwen Stefani]] of [[No Doubt]], to record the song "Saw Red". The song was eventually released on Sublime's ''[[Robbin' the Hood]]'' album, which was self-recorded on a four-track cassette, and released in October 1994.<ref name="Limit"/> Several songs from the album detail Nowell's worsening drug addiction. Nowell is said by some to have predicted his own death in the song "Pool Shark", with the line, "One day I'm gonna lose the war."<ref name="Rockerdies">{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/08/11/PK245255.DTL#ixzz1kswqam00|title=Rocker dies young and becomes a star|last=Sullivan|first=James|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|publisher=Hearst Corporation|date=August 11, 2002|access-date=January 29, 2012}}</ref>
Despite their growing popularity in Southern California, Sublime still was not signed with a major label. Around this same time, Nowell teamed up with longtime friend [[Gwen Stefani]] of [[No Doubt]], to record the song "Saw Red". The song was eventually released on Sublime's ''[[Robbin' the Hood]]'' album, which was self-recorded on a four-track cassette, and released in October 1994.<ref name="Limit"/> Several songs from the album detail Nowell's worsening drug addiction.<ref name="Rockerdies">{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/08/11/PK245255.DTL#ixzz1kswqam00|title=Rocker dies young and becomes a star|last=Sullivan|first=James|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|publisher=Hearst Corporation|date=August 11, 2002|access-date=January 29, 2012}}</ref>


About a year later, [[Tazy Phillipz]] took a copy of ''40oz. to Freedom'' to [[Los Angeles]] [[radio station]] [[KROQ-FM]], requesting that Sublime's song "Date Rape" be added to the playlist.<ref name="latimes1996">{{cite web |last=Boehm |first=Mike |title=The Examined Life Ends for Brad Nowell |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=1 June 1996 |access-date=4 March 2022 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-06-01-ca-10705-story.html |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Soon after, [[MCA Records]] picked up ''40oz. to Freedom'' for national distribution, and Sublime was scheduled to tour throughout [[Europe]]. Nowell, an avid reader who enjoyed quoting historians and philosophers, began studying European history to prepare for the trip.<ref name="latimes1996"/> Attention from a major label did not curb Nowell's drug use, which sometimes led him to pawn his instruments and sell drugs, as reflected in the song "Pawn Shop". In February 1996, Sublime returned to the studio to record the bulk of their self-titled album, which would be their debut with MCA. Production was done by [[Paul Leary]] of the [[Butthole Surfers]] (and producer of [[Marcy Playground]] and [[Meat Puppets]]) at [[Willie Nelson]]'s Pedernales Studio in [[Austin, Texas]].{{cn|date=February 2024}}
About a year later, [[Tazy Phillipz]] took a copy of ''40oz. to Freedom'' to Los Angeles radio station [[KROQ-FM]], requesting that Sublime's song "Date Rape" be added to the playlist.<ref name="latimes1996">{{cite web |last=Boehm |first=Mike |title=The Examined Life Ends for Brad Nowell |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=1 June 1996 |access-date=4 March 2022 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-06-01-ca-10705-story.html |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Soon after, [[MCA Records]] picked up ''40oz. to Freedom'' for national distribution, and Sublime was scheduled to tour throughout Europe. Nowell, an avid reader who enjoyed quoting historians and philosophers, began studying European history to prepare for the trip.<ref name="latimes1996"/> In February 1996, Sublime returned to the studio to record the bulk of their self-titled album, which would be their debut with MCA. Production was done by [[Paul Leary]] of the [[Butthole Surfers]] (and producer of [[Marcy Playground]] and [[Meat Puppets]]) at [[Willie Nelson]]'s Pedernales Studio in [[Austin, Texas]].{{cn|date=February 2024}}


Nowell died on May 25, 1996. Sublime's final album was released on July 30, 1996. Its original title, ''Killin' It'', was replaced by the eponymous title ''[[Sublime (album)|Sublime]]''.{{cn|date=February 2024}} By 1997, the album had entered Billboard's Top 20, with the largely acoustic single, "[[What I Got]]", becoming the number one song on the [[Alternative Songs|Modern Rock chart]].<ref name="billboard.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/280903/sublime/chart?f=377 |title=Sublime's chart history |website=www.billboard.com |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009012237/http://www.billboard.com/artist/280903/sublime/chart?f=377}}</ref> The album produced three more radio hits: "[[Santeria (song)|Santeria]]", "[[Wrong Way]]", and "[[Doin' Time]]".{{cn|date=February 2024}} Sublime became one of the most successful American rock acts of 1997.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' reported in March 2010 that the album ''Sublime'' had sold over 6 million copies.<ref>{{cite magazine|title="Shaun White"|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|issue=1100|date=18 March 2010|last=Serpick|first=Evan}}</ref>
Nowell died on May 25, 1996. Sublime's final album was released on July 30, 1996. Its original title, ''Killin' It'', was replaced by the eponymous title ''[[Sublime (album)|Sublime]]''.{{cn|date=February 2024}} By 1997, the album had entered Billboard's Top 20, with the largely acoustic single, "[[What I Got]]", becoming the number one song on the [[Alternative Songs|Modern Rock chart]].<ref name="billboard.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/280903/sublime/chart?f=377 |title=Sublime's chart history |website=www.billboard.com |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009012237/http://www.billboard.com/artist/280903/sublime/chart?f=377}}</ref> The album produced three more radio hits: "[[Santeria (song)|Santeria]]", "[[Wrong Way]]", and "[[Doin' Time]]".{{cn|date=February 2024}} Sublime became one of the most successful American rock acts of 1997.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' reported in March 2010 that the album ''Sublime'' had sold over six million copies.<ref>{{cite magazine|title="Shaun White"|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|issue=1100|date=18 March 2010|last=Serpick|first=Evan}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
===Marriage and fatherhood===
===Marriage and fatherhood===
While on tour in the early 1990s, Nowell began dating Troy Dendekker. In October 1994, Troy became pregnant, giving birth to a son, Jakob James Nowell, on June 25, 1995. On May 18, 1996, a week before Nowell's death, the couple married in a [[Hawaii]]an-themed ceremony in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]].<ref name="Time">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984977-1,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629034523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984977-1,00.html|archive-date=June 29, 2011|title=Sublime: When the Music's Over|last=Farley|first=Christopher John|date=August 12, 1996|access-date=January 31, 2011|magazine=Time}}</ref>
While on tour in the early 1990s, Nowell began dating Troy Dendekker. In October 1994, Troy became pregnant, giving birth to a son, [[Jakob Nowell|Jakob James Nowell]], on June 25, 1995. On May 18, 1996, a week before Nowell's death, the couple married in a Hawaiian-themed ceremony in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]].<ref name="Time">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984977-1,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629034523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984977-1,00.html|archive-date=June 29, 2011|title=Sublime: When the Music's Over|last=Farley|first=Christopher John|date=August 12, 1996|access-date=January 31, 2011|magazine=Time}}</ref>


In December 2023, Jakob Nowell joined Sublime.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rock/sublime-rome-ramirez-exit-band-bradley-nowell-son-joins-1235561516/ | title=Rome Ramirez to Exit Sublime While Original Members Explore Venture with Bradley Nowell's Son | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] }}</ref> He is the band's lead singer.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/bradley-nowells-son-sublime-singer-rome-coachella-1234975303/ | title=Bradley Nowell's Son is Sublime's New Singer. His Path Hasn't Been Easy | magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=February 25, 2024 }}</ref>
In December 2023, [[Jakob Nowell]] joined Sublime<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rock/sublime-rome-ramirez-exit-band-bradley-nowell-son-joins-1235561516/ | title=Rome Ramirez to Exit Sublime While Original Members Explore Venture with Bradley Nowell's Son | magazine=Billboard |last=Brooks |first=Dave |date=December 18, 2023 }}</ref> as the band's lead singer.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/bradley-nowells-son-sublime-singer-rome-coachella-1234975303/ | title=Bradley Nowell's Son is Sublime's New Singer. His Path Hasn't Been Easy | magazine=Rolling Stone | date=February 25, 2024 |last=Hiatt|first=Brian }}</ref>


===Lou Dog===
===Lou Dog===

[[Image:Loudogcover.jpg|thumb|Lou Dog on the cover of a Sublime [[box set]] compilation]]
In February 1990, Nowell purchased a [[Dalmatian (dog)|Dalmatian]] puppy from an old man for $500, and named him "Louie" after his grandfather.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Also referred to as "Lou Dog", he became a [[mascot]] for the band Sublime. Lou Dog was often allowed to wander the stage during concert performances. Louie was also often featured on the cover of Sublime albums, and was referred to in the lyrics of Sublime songs. In Sublime's most successful radio track, "[[What I Got]]", Nowell sings, "Livin' with Louie Dog's the only way to stay sane". Another prominent song by the band, "[[Sublime (album)|Garden Grove]]", mentions Lou Dog as such: "We took this trip to Garden Grove.
In February 1990, Nowell purchased a [[Dalmatian (dog)|Dalmatian]] puppy from an old man for $500, and named him "Louie" after his grandfather.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Also referred to as "Lou Dog", he became a [[mascot]] for the band Sublime. Lou Dog was often allowed to wander the stage during concert performances. Louie was also often featured on the cover of Sublime albums, and was referred to in the lyrics of Sublime songs. In Sublime's most successful radio track, "[[What I Got]]", Nowell sings, "Livin' with Louie Dog's the only way to stay sane". Another prominent song by the band, "[[Sublime (album)|Garden Grove]]", mentions Lou Dog as such: "We took this trip to Garden Grove.
It smelled like Lou Dog inside the van".<ref>https://www.ocweekly.com/five-classic-stories-about-sublimes-mascot-lou-dog-6586480/</ref> Following Nowell's death in 1996, Lou Dog was cared for by [[Michael Happoldt]], the band's manager. Lou Dog died from old age on September 17, 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.ocweekly.com/heardmentality/2011/05/lou_dog_stories.php |title=Lou Dog stories |website=Ocweekly.com |date=25 May 2011 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120115063829/http://blogs.ocweekly.com/heardmentality/2011/05/lou_dog_stories.php |archive-date=15 January 2012}}</ref> Nowell's family scattered Lou Dog's ashes over the same spot as Nowell's, in [[Surfside, California]].<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/>
It smelled like Lou Dog inside the van".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ocweekly.com/five-classic-stories-about-sublimes-mascot-lou-dog-6586480/ |title=FIVE CLASSIC STORIES ABOUT SUBLIME'S MASCOT, LOU DOG |website=ocweekly.com|last=Bose |first=Lilledeshan |date=May 25, 2011}}</ref> Following Nowell's death in 1996, Lou Dog was cared for by [[Michael Happoldt]], the band's manager. Lou Dog died from old age on September 17, 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.ocweekly.com/heardmentality/2011/05/lou_dog_stories.php |title=Lou Dog stories |website=Ocweekly.com |date=25 May 2011 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120115063829/http://blogs.ocweekly.com/heardmentality/2011/05/lou_dog_stories.php |archive-date=15 January 2012}}</ref>

===Addiction===
As Nowell entered his twenties and witnessed his band's success, he decided to try heroin. Nowell's father explained, "His excuse for taking the heroin was that he felt like he had to be larger than life. He was leading the band, leading his fans, and he had to put on this persona. He heard a lot of musicians say they were taking heroin to be more creative."<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Nowell became addicted to heroin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-07-23-ca-26969-story.html|title=Heroin's Toll Is Nothing Sublime|first=Jerry|last=Crowe|date=July 23, 1996|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Some of Sublime's songs relate to Nowell's addiction. Nowell is said by some to have predicted his own death in the song "Pool Shark", with the line, "One day I'm gonna lose the war."<ref name="Rockerdies" />


===Death===
===Death===
On the morning of May 25, 1996, Sublime was in the midst of a five-day tour through Northern California that was to be followed by a European and East Coast tour. However, while the band was staying at the Ocean View Motel in San Francisco (Seascape Inn now),<ref>{{cite web|title=Band's singer found dead in motel |url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Band-s-singer-found-dead-in-motel-3141786.php |website=SFGate |date=27 May 1996 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105065731/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Band-s-singer-found-dead-in-motel-3141786.php |archive-date=5 November 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> drummer [[Bud Gaugh]] awoke to find Nowell lying on the floor next to his bed. His dalmatian, Lou Dog, was curled up on the bed whimpering. Nowell had tried awakening his fellow bandmates to go to the beach with him that morning, but they were too hung-over and tired to get out of bed. Initially, Gaugh assumed that Nowell was too intoxicated to get into bed. However, he noticed a yellow film around his mouth.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Gaugh called for [[paramedics]], but Nowell had died several hours earlier and was pronounced dead at the scene. Nowell was [[cremation|cremated]] and his ashes were spread over his favorite surfing spot in [[Surfside, California]]. A headstone was placed at Westminster Memorial in [[Westminster, California]], in his memory.{{cn|date=February 2024}} The cause of death was a heroin overdose.<ref>https://www.kqed.org/arts/11610342/sublimes-last-show-20-years-later-the-oral-history</ref>
On the morning of May 25, 1996, Sublime was in the midst of a five-day tour through Northern California that was to be followed by a European and East Coast tour. However, while the band was staying at the Ocean View Motel in San Francisco (later Seascape Inn),<ref name="dead">{{cite web|title=Band's singer found dead in motel |url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Band-s-singer-found-dead-in-motel-3141786.php |website=SFGate |date=27 May 1996 |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105065731/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Band-s-singer-found-dead-in-motel-3141786.php |archive-date=5 November 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> drummer [[Bud Gaugh]] awoke to find Nowell lying on the floor next to his bed. His dalmatian, Lou Dog, was curled up on the bed whimpering. Nowell had tried awakening his fellow bandmates to go to the beach with him that morning, but they were too hung over and tired to get out of bed. Initially, Gaugh assumed that Nowell was too intoxicated to get into bed. However, he noticed a yellow film around his mouth.<ref name=VH1behindthemusic/> Gaugh called for [[paramedics]], but Nowell had died several hours earlier and was pronounced dead at the scene. Nowell was [[cremation|cremated]] and his ashes were spread over his favorite surfing spot in [[Surfside, California]]. A headstone was placed at Westminster Memorial in [[Westminster, California]], in his memory.{{cn|date=February 2024}} The cause of death was a heroin overdose.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kqed.org/arts/11610342/sublimes-last-show-20-years-later-the-oral-history|title=Sublime's Last Show: The Oral History |first=Gabe|last=Meline|date=May 24, 2016|website=www.kqed.org}}</ref>


Eight months after Nowell's death, [[No Doubt]] headlined a "cautionary" [[benefit concert]] in honor of his memory. Nowell's widow wanted to make it clear that the goal of the concert was not to glamorize his death, but rather to promote drug awareness and prevention among fans. Proceeds from the concert were given to a non-profit offering support for musicians struggling with drug addiction, as well as a scholarship fund for Nowell's son, Jakob.<ref name="latimes1997">{{cite web |last=Crowe |first=Jerry |title=Cautionary Concert in Rocker's Memory|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=11 January 1997 |access-date=4 March 2022 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-01-11-ca-17442-story.html |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
Eight months after Nowell's death, [[No Doubt]] headlined a "cautionary" [[benefit concert]] in honor of his memory. Nowell's widow wanted to make it clear that the goal of the concert was not to glamorize his death, but rather to promote drug awareness and prevention among fans. Proceeds from the concert were given to a non-profit offering support for musicians struggling with drug addiction, as well as a scholarship fund for Nowell's son, Jakob.<ref name="latimes1997">{{cite web |last=Crowe |first=Jerry |title=Cautionary Concert in Rocker's Memory|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=11 January 1997 |access-date=4 March 2022 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-01-11-ca-17442-story.html |url-access=subscription}}</ref>


Jason Westfall, one of Sublime's managers, was quoted as saying the surviving members of Sublime had no interest in continuing to perform and record under the "Sublime" name: "Just like [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]], Sublime died when Brad died."<ref>{{cite web |title=Sublime Singer Brad Nowell Dead At 28 |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/507671/sublime-singer-brad-nowell-dead-at-28/ |website=www.mtv.com |access-date=4 March 2022 |date=29 May 1996}}</ref><ref name="mauitime">{{cite news |last1=Yagi |first1=Anuhea |title=Sublime With Rome Tries to Recapture the Magic |url=https://mauitime.com/culture/sublime-with-rome-tries-to-recapture-the-magic/ |access-date=10 April 2020 |work=Maui Time |date=18 November 2010}}</ref>
Jason Westfall, one of Sublime's managers, was quoted as saying the surviving members of Sublime had no interest in continuing to perform and record under the "Sublime" name: "Just like [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]], Sublime died when Brad died".<ref>{{cite web |title=Sublime Singer Brad Nowell Dead At 28 |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/507671/sublime-singer-brad-nowell-dead-at-28/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923013416/http://www.mtv.com/news/507671/sublime-singer-brad-nowell-dead-at-28/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 23, 2016 |website=www.mtv.com |access-date=4 March 2022 |date=29 May 1996}}</ref><ref name="mauitime">{{cite news |last1=Yagi |first1=Anuhea |title=Sublime With Rome Tries to Recapture the Magic |url=https://mauitime.com/culture/sublime-with-rome-tries-to-recapture-the-magic/ |access-date=10 April 2020 |work=Maui Time |date=18 November 2010}}</ref> However, the band reunited in 2023 with Nowell's son serving as lead vocalist.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 92: Line 93:
[[Category:Sublime (band) members]]
[[Category:Sublime (band) members]]
[[Category:Singers from California]]
[[Category:Singers from California]]
[[Category:Lead guitarists]]
[[Category:American lead guitarists]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:Alternative rock singers]]
[[Category:American alternative rock singers]]
[[Category:American alternative rock musicians]]
[[Category:American alternative rock musicians]]
[[Category:Guitarists from California]]
[[Category:Guitarists from California]]

Latest revision as of 03:02, 9 November 2024

Bradley Nowell
Nowell performing in the mid-1990s
Nowell performing in the mid-1990s
Background information
Birth nameBradley James Nowell
Born(1968-02-22)February 22, 1968
Long Beach, California, U.S.
DiedMay 25, 1996(1996-05-25) (aged 28)
San Francisco, California, U.S.
Genres
Occupations
  • Musician
  • singer
  • songwriter
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • guitar
Years active1984–1996

Bradley James Nowell (February 22, 1968 – May 25, 1996) was an American musician and the lead singer of the band Sublime.[1]

Born and raised in Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California, Nowell developed an interest in music at a young age. Nowell formed Sublime with bassist Eric Wilson and drummer Bud Gaugh, whom he had met while attending California State University, Long Beach. During his lifetime, Sublime released the albums 40oz. to Freedom and Robbin' the Hood to critical and commercial success. In 1996, Nowell died of a heroin overdose in a San Francisco hotel while Sublime was on tour.

Early life

[edit]

Nowell and his sister, Kellie, were born and raised in the Belmont Shore neighborhood of Long Beach, California, to Jim and Nancy Nowell.[2][3] As a child, he enjoyed surfing and sailing, often participating in boat races. Nowell became a difficult child and was often hyperactive and disruptive; his mother recalled that he was "very emotional, very sensitive, very artistic, but he was needy … He was always testing just to see what he could get away with."[2] After his parents' divorce when he was 10, Nowell's behavior worsened. His mother was originally awarded custody, but found him too difficult to control, and at the age of 10 he moved in full time with his father.[2]

Nowell performs with his band

Music was an integral part of Nowell's upbringing on the part of both of his parents.[4] His father, a construction worker, enjoyed playing guitar and exposed him to the music of Jim Croce; his mother taught piano for a living in addition to playing the flute.[3] Both parents helped teach young Nowell to play the guitar.[3] In the summer of 1979, 11-year-old Nowell accompanied his father on a month-long sailing trip in the Virgin Islands, where he was first exposed to reggae music.[2]

By the age of 16, he had started his first band, Hogan's Heroes, with Michael Yates and Eric Wilson. Nowell was described as a "gifted kid without many friends."[5] At first, Wilson did not share Nowell's interest in reggae music. Nowell recalled the experience: "I was trying to get them to do (UB40's version of) 'Cherry Oh Baby,' and it didn't work. They tried, but it just sounded like such garbage. We were horrible."[3] Nowell attended Long Beach Polytechnic High School (where he took advanced courses) and graduated from Woodrow Wilson Classical High School in Long Beach.[6] He attended the University of California, Santa Cruz before transferring to California State University, Long Beach to study finance.[7][3] He dropped out one semester shy of earning a degree.[3][8]

Sublime

[edit]

In 1988, according to a Westwood One interview, which is available on disc three of the Sublime box set, Nowell, bassist Wilson, and drummer Bud Gaugh grouped together to perform small shows at house parties and barbecues. The band was often asked to leave the parties due to excessive noise.[2] Despite their local success, music venues were skeptical of the band's eclectic musical fusion and many refused to book the band. In response, Nowell and Wilson created their own music label, Skunk Records, telling venues they were "Skunk Records recording artists," helping the band seem more accomplished and enabling them to book more shows.[9] The band produced and distributed Sublime's early recordings on the label, later selling demo tapes at shows and local record stores.[citation needed]

In 1990, music student Michael "Miguel" Happoldt offered to let the band record in the studio at the school where he was studying, although without the school's knowledge. The band agreed, then sneaked into the school at night, where they recorded from midnight to seven in the morning.[2] That recording session resulted in the cassette tape Jah Won't Pay the Bills, released in 1991. The tape helped the band gain a grassroots following throughout Southern California.[citation needed]

Using the same tactics they used in recording Jah Won't Pay the Bills, the band recorded its debut album 40oz. to Freedom in secrecy at the studios at California State University, Dominguez Hills.[10] Nowell recalled, "You weren't supposed to be in there after 9 p.m., but we'd go in at 9:30 and stay until 5 in the morning. We'd just hide from the security guards. They never knew we were there. We managed to get $30,000 worth of studio time for free".[10] 40oz. to Freedom was released in 1992; 60,000 copies were sold.[11]

"We just kept being punkers and doing it all by ourselves. Now here we are today. We never thought it would be like this. We just thought we'd always be playing backyard parties. A couple of hundred people in Long Beach can claim we played in their back yards".

—Nowell, on Sublime's success in 1995.[12]

Despite their growing popularity in Southern California, Sublime still was not signed with a major label. Around this same time, Nowell teamed up with longtime friend Gwen Stefani of No Doubt, to record the song "Saw Red". The song was eventually released on Sublime's Robbin' the Hood album, which was self-recorded on a four-track cassette, and released in October 1994.[10] Several songs from the album detail Nowell's worsening drug addiction.[13]

About a year later, Tazy Phillipz took a copy of 40oz. to Freedom to Los Angeles radio station KROQ-FM, requesting that Sublime's song "Date Rape" be added to the playlist.[14] Soon after, MCA Records picked up 40oz. to Freedom for national distribution, and Sublime was scheduled to tour throughout Europe. Nowell, an avid reader who enjoyed quoting historians and philosophers, began studying European history to prepare for the trip.[14] In February 1996, Sublime returned to the studio to record the bulk of their self-titled album, which would be their debut with MCA. Production was done by Paul Leary of the Butthole Surfers (and producer of Marcy Playground and Meat Puppets) at Willie Nelson's Pedernales Studio in Austin, Texas.[citation needed]

Nowell died on May 25, 1996. Sublime's final album was released on July 30, 1996. Its original title, Killin' It, was replaced by the eponymous title Sublime.[citation needed] By 1997, the album had entered Billboard's Top 20, with the largely acoustic single, "What I Got", becoming the number one song on the Modern Rock chart.[15] The album produced three more radio hits: "Santeria", "Wrong Way", and "Doin' Time".[citation needed] Sublime became one of the most successful American rock acts of 1997.[2] Rolling Stone reported in March 2010 that the album Sublime had sold over six million copies.[16]

Personal life

[edit]

Marriage and fatherhood

[edit]

While on tour in the early 1990s, Nowell began dating Troy Dendekker. In October 1994, Troy became pregnant, giving birth to a son, Jakob James Nowell, on June 25, 1995. On May 18, 1996, a week before Nowell's death, the couple married in a Hawaiian-themed ceremony in Las Vegas.[9]

In December 2023, Jakob Nowell joined Sublime[17] as the band's lead singer.[18]

Lou Dog

[edit]

In February 1990, Nowell purchased a Dalmatian puppy from an old man for $500, and named him "Louie" after his grandfather.[2] Also referred to as "Lou Dog", he became a mascot for the band Sublime. Lou Dog was often allowed to wander the stage during concert performances. Louie was also often featured on the cover of Sublime albums, and was referred to in the lyrics of Sublime songs. In Sublime's most successful radio track, "What I Got", Nowell sings, "Livin' with Louie Dog's the only way to stay sane". Another prominent song by the band, "Garden Grove", mentions Lou Dog as such: "We took this trip to Garden Grove. It smelled like Lou Dog inside the van".[19] Following Nowell's death in 1996, Lou Dog was cared for by Michael Happoldt, the band's manager. Lou Dog died from old age on September 17, 2001.[20]

Addiction

[edit]

As Nowell entered his twenties and witnessed his band's success, he decided to try heroin. Nowell's father explained, "His excuse for taking the heroin was that he felt like he had to be larger than life. He was leading the band, leading his fans, and he had to put on this persona. He heard a lot of musicians say they were taking heroin to be more creative."[2] Nowell became addicted to heroin.[21] Some of Sublime's songs relate to Nowell's addiction. Nowell is said by some to have predicted his own death in the song "Pool Shark", with the line, "One day I'm gonna lose the war."[13]

Death

[edit]

On the morning of May 25, 1996, Sublime was in the midst of a five-day tour through Northern California that was to be followed by a European and East Coast tour. However, while the band was staying at the Ocean View Motel in San Francisco (later Seascape Inn),[1] drummer Bud Gaugh awoke to find Nowell lying on the floor next to his bed. His dalmatian, Lou Dog, was curled up on the bed whimpering. Nowell had tried awakening his fellow bandmates to go to the beach with him that morning, but they were too hung over and tired to get out of bed. Initially, Gaugh assumed that Nowell was too intoxicated to get into bed. However, he noticed a yellow film around his mouth.[2] Gaugh called for paramedics, but Nowell had died several hours earlier and was pronounced dead at the scene. Nowell was cremated and his ashes were spread over his favorite surfing spot in Surfside, California. A headstone was placed at Westminster Memorial in Westminster, California, in his memory.[citation needed] The cause of death was a heroin overdose.[22]

Eight months after Nowell's death, No Doubt headlined a "cautionary" benefit concert in honor of his memory. Nowell's widow wanted to make it clear that the goal of the concert was not to glamorize his death, but rather to promote drug awareness and prevention among fans. Proceeds from the concert were given to a non-profit offering support for musicians struggling with drug addiction, as well as a scholarship fund for Nowell's son, Jakob.[23]

Jason Westfall, one of Sublime's managers, was quoted as saying the surviving members of Sublime had no interest in continuing to perform and record under the "Sublime" name: "Just like Nirvana, Sublime died when Brad died".[24][25] However, the band reunited in 2023 with Nowell's son serving as lead vocalist.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Band's singer found dead in motel". SFGate. May 27, 1996. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Sublime". Behind the Music. Episode 169. May 30, 2001. VH1. Archived from the original on March 4, 2010. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Boehm, Mike (May 4, 1995). "Sublime Making the Most of '40oz.' of Success". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  4. ^ Prato, Greg. "Brad Nowell Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  5. ^ Smith, RJ (January 6, 1997). "The Year in Music". Spin. Vol. 12, no. 10. p. 63. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  6. ^ "Bradley Nowell: Feb. 22, 1968-May 25, 1996 – OC Weekly". www.ocweekly.com. May 19, 2011.
  7. ^ "Hometown paper talks about Brad".
  8. ^ "Don't Start a Riot – OC Weekly". July 29, 2010.
  9. ^ a b Farley, Christopher John (August 12, 1996). "Sublime: When the Music's Over". Time. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
  10. ^ a b c Freedom du Lac, J. (November 5, 1995). "Ska's the Limit for Controversial Band Sublime". The Sacramento Bee. Cheryl Dell.
  11. ^ "The Band". www.sublimemusic.com. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  12. ^ Brown, Mark (April 30, 1995). "Belmont Shore's Sublime, playing Board in South Bay on Saturday, isn't fazed by the success, or furor, over its recording 'Date Rape.'". The Orange County Register. Freedom Communications, Inc.
  13. ^ a b Sullivan, James (August 11, 2002). "Rocker dies young and becomes a star". San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
  14. ^ a b Boehm, Mike (June 1, 1996). "The Examined Life Ends for Brad Nowell". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  15. ^ "Sublime's chart history". www.billboard.com. Archived from the original on October 9, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  16. ^ Serpick, Evan (March 18, 2010). ""Shaun White"". Rolling Stone. No. 1100.
  17. ^ Brooks, Dave (December 18, 2023). "Rome Ramirez to Exit Sublime While Original Members Explore Venture with Bradley Nowell's Son". Billboard.
  18. ^ Hiatt, Brian (February 25, 2024). "Bradley Nowell's Son is Sublime's New Singer. His Path Hasn't Been Easy". Rolling Stone.
  19. ^ Bose, Lilledeshan (May 25, 2011). "FIVE CLASSIC STORIES ABOUT SUBLIME'S MASCOT, LOU DOG". ocweekly.com.
  20. ^ "Lou Dog stories". Ocweekly.com. May 25, 2011. Archived from the original on January 15, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  21. ^ Crowe, Jerry (July 23, 1996). "Heroin's Toll Is Nothing Sublime". Los Angeles Times.
  22. ^ Meline, Gabe (May 24, 2016). "Sublime's Last Show: The Oral History". www.kqed.org.
  23. ^ Crowe, Jerry (January 11, 1997). "Cautionary Concert in Rocker's Memory". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  24. ^ "Sublime Singer Brad Nowell Dead At 28". www.mtv.com. May 29, 1996. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  25. ^ Yagi, Anuhea (November 18, 2010). "Sublime With Rome Tries to Recapture the Magic". Maui Time. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
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