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{{Short description|Political party in Estonia}}
{{Infobox political party
{{Infobox political party
| country = Estonia
| country = Estonia
| name = Pro Patria Union
| name = Pro Patria Union
| native_name = Isamaaliit
| native_name = Isamaaliit
| logo = [[File:Isamaaliit.png]]
| logo = Isamaaliit.png
| colorcode = #014f9a
| colorcode = {{party color|Pro Patria Union}}
| leader = [[Tõnis Lukas]]
| leader = [[Tõnis Lukas]]
| foundation = {{start date|1995|12|2|df=y}}
| foundation = {{start date|1995|12|2|df=y}}
| dissolution = {{end date|2006|10|15|df=y}}
| dissolution = {{end date|2006|10|15|df=y}}
| merged = [[Pro Patria and Res Publica Union]]
| merged = [[Pro Patria and Res Publica Union]]
| ideology = [[National conservatism]]<ref>{{Cite journal |first1=Li |last1=Bennich-Björkman |first2=Karl Magnus |last2=Johansson |title=Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia |journal=Comparative European Politics |date=December 2012 |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=585–607|doi=10.1057/cep.2011.28|s2cid=143813560 }}</ref><br />[[Christian democracy]]<ref name="Nordsieck">{{cite web|url=http://parties-and-elections.de/estonia.html|title=Estonia|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041013054801/http://www.parties-and-elections.de/estonia.html|archivedate=13 October 2004|url-status=dead|year=2003|access-date=10 April 2019}}</ref>
| ideology = [[National conservatism]],<br />[[Conservatism]],<br />[[Christian democracy]],<br />[[Nationalism]]
⚫
| international = [[Christian Democrat and People's Parties International]]<br />{{nowrap|[[International Democrat Union]]}}
| position = [[Right-wing]]
| position = [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]
⚫
| international = [[Christian Democrat and People's Parties International]] and [[International Democrat Union]]
| european = [[European People's Party]] and [[European Democrat Union]]
| european = [[European People's Party]]<br />[[European Democrat Union]]
| europarl = [[European People's Party (European Parliament group)|EPP-ED]]
| europarl = [[European People's Party group|EPP-ED]]
| colours = {{Color box|{{party color|Pro Patria Union}}|border=darkgray}} Blue
| colours = Blue
| headquarters = Wismari 11<br />[[Tallinn]] 10136
| headquarters = Wismari 11<br />[[Tallinn]] 10136
| website = {{url|http://www.irl.ee/}}
| website = {{url|http://www.irl.ee/}}
}}
}}


The '''Pro Patria Union''' ({{lang-et|Isamaaliit}}, meaning literally '''Fatherland Union''') was a [[national conservatism|national conservative]]<ref>{{Citation |first=Janusz |last=Bugajski |title=Political Parties of Eastern Europe: A Guide to Politics in the Post-Communist Era |publisher=The Center for Strategic and International Studies |year=2002 |page=72}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |first1=Li |last1=Bennich-Björkman |first2=Karl Magnus |last2=Johansson |title=Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia |journal=Comparative European Politics |date=December 2012 |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=585–560}}</ref> [[political party]] in [[Estonia]]. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the [[Estonian National Independence Party]] and the [[Pro Patria National Coalition]].
The '''Pro Patria Union''' ({{langx|et|Isamaaliit}}, meaning literally '''Fatherland Union''') was a [[national conservatism|national-conservative]]<ref>{{Citation |first=Janusz |last=Bugajski |title=Political Parties of Eastern Europe: A Guide to Politics in the Post-Communist Era |publisher=The Center for Strategic and International Studies |year=2002 |page=72}}</ref> [[List of political parties in Estonia|political party]] in [[Estonia]]. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the [[Estonian National Independence Party]] and the [[Pro Patria National Coalition]].


On 4 April 2006, representatives of the Pro Patria Union and the representatives of [[Res Publica Party|Res Publica]] decided to merge the two parties. The merger was approved by the general assemblies of both parties in [[Pärnu]] on 4 June 2006. Although originally the name ''For Estonia'' (''Eesti Eest'') was considered for the united party, it was rejected. New party was officially registered on 15 October 2006 under the name [[Pro Patria and Res Publica Union]].<ref>http://uudised.err.ee/index.php?0558894 Res Publica ja Isamaaliit ühinevad {{et icon}}</ref>
On 4 April 2006, representatives of the Pro Patria Union and the representatives of [[Res Publica Party|Res Publica]] decided to merge the two parties. The merger was approved by the general assemblies of both parties in [[Pärnu]] on 4 June 2006. Although originally the name ''For Estonia'' (''Eesti Eest'') was considered for the united party, it was rejected. New party was officially registered on 15 October 2006 under the name [[Pro Patria and Res Publica Union]].<ref>http://uudised.err.ee/index.php?0558894 Res Publica ja Isamaaliit ühinevad {{in lang|et}}</ref>


According to party statements, the programme was based on [[Christian democracy]] and [[nationalism]]. Together with its predecessors the Pro Patria Union was the main force behind the economic and legal reforms in the Republic of Estonia at the beginning of the 1990s.
According to party statements, the programme was based on [[Christian democracy]] and [[nationalism]]. Together with its predecessors the Pro Patria Union was the main force behind the economic and legal reforms in the Republic of Estonia at the beginning of the 1990s.

A party of [[Patriotic League (Estonia)|an identical name]] existed before the [[World War II|Second World War]].


== In government and opposition ==
== In government and opposition ==


[[Mart Laar]], a historian, former Chairman of the National Alliance "Pro Patria" and [[Prime Minister of Estonia]] from 1992 to 1994 was elected the new Chairman of the party on 24 October 1998.
[[Mart Laar]], a historian, former chairman of the National Alliance "Pro Patria" and [[Prime Minister of Estonia]] from 1992 to 1994 was elected the new chairman of the party on 24 October 1998.


The party was successful on the parliamentary elections of 1999, receiving 18 seats. Its leader Mart Laar became Prime Minister again. His coalition government was in office till 28 January 2002.
The party was successful on the parliamentary elections of 1999, receiving 18 seats. Its leader Mart Laar became prime minister again. His coalition government was in office till 28 January 2002.


The Pro Patria Union was a member of the [[European People's Party (European Parliament group)|European People's Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats]] (EPP-ED). The party had one seat in the [[European Parliament]], held by [[Tunne Kelam]], the Chairman of the Pro Patria Union from 7 December 2002 to 16 April 2005.
The Pro Patria Union was a member of the [[European People's Party (European Parliament group)|European People's Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats]] (EPP-ED). The party had one seat in the [[European Parliament]], held by [[Tunne Kelam]], the chairman of the Pro Patria Union from 7 December 2002 to 16 April 2005.


In parliamentary elections in 2003 they won 7 seats in Riigikogu and joined the opposition. [[Tõnis Lukas]] was elected chairman of the party on 16 April 2005. Historian and archivist Aimar Altosaar was re-elected Secretary General in 2005, having served in the same position from 1996 to 1999.
In the 2003 parliamentary elections, they won seven seats in Riigikogu; as such, they joined the opposition. [[Tõnis Lukas]] was elected chairman of the party on 16 April 2005. Historian and archivist [[Aimar Altosaar]] was re-elected secretary general in 2005, having served in the same position from 1996 to 1999.


The party had an official newspaper called "Tribüün" (The Tribune). It was established in 2001.
The party had an official newspaper called "Tribüün" (The Tribune). It was established in 2001.


For the local elections in autumn 2005 the Pro Patria Union signed a cooperation agreement with two minor parties: [[Union of Farmers (Estonia)|Union of Farmers]] (''Põllumeeste Kogu'') on 6 July 2005 and with [[Estonian Democratic Party]] (''Eesti Demokraatlik Partei'') on 12 July 2005. The local elections on 16 October 2005 showed a growing support for the party. The presence of the Pro Patria Union grew from 0 to 7 seats in [[Tallinn]] City Council and remained the same (9 seats) in [[Tartu]] City Council.
For the local elections in autumn 2005, the Pro Patria Union signed a cooperation agreement with two minor parties: [[Union of Farmers (Estonia)|Union of Farmers]] (''Põllumeeste Kogu'') on 6 July 2005 and with [[Estonian Democratic Party]] (''Eesti Demokraatlik Partei'') on 12 July 2005. The local elections on 16 October 2005 showed a growing support for the party. The presence of the Pro Patria Union grew from no seats to seven in [[Tallinn]] City Council and remained the same (nine seats) in [[Tartu]] City Council.


In April, 2006, former party leader and twice PM Mart Laar was awarded the [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] Prize for Liberty.<ref>http://www.cato.org/friedman/</ref>
In April 2006, former party leader and twice PM Mart Laar was awarded the [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] Prize for Liberty.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cato.org/friedman/| title = The Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty {{!}} Cato Institute}} </ref>


==Electoral results==
==Electoral results==
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! width=30px | ±
! width=30px | ±
|-
|-
! [[Estonian parliamentary election, 1999|1999]]
! [[1999 Estonian parliamentary election|1999]]
| 77,917
| 77,917
| 16.1
| 16.1
Line 66: Line 69:
| {{partial|Coalition}} (1999–2002)
| {{partial|Coalition}} (1999–2002)
|-
|-
! [[Estonian parliamentary election, 2003|2003]]
! [[2003 Estonian parliamentary election|2003]]
| 36,169
| 36,169
| 7.3
| 7.3
Line 90: Line 93:
! width=30px | ±
! width=30px | ±
|-
|-
! [[European Parliament election, 2004 (Estonia)|2004]]
! [[2004 European Parliament election in Estonia|2004]]
| 24,375
| 24,375
| 10.5
| 10.5
Line 100: Line 103:


== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite journal |first1=Li |last1=Bennich-Björkman |first2=Karl Magnus |last2=Johansson |title=Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia |journal=Comparative European Politics |date=December 2012 |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=585–560}}
* {{Cite journal |first1=Li |last1=Bennich-Björkman |first2=Karl Magnus |last2=Johansson |title=Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia |journal=Comparative European Politics |date=December 2012 |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=585–607|doi=10.1057/cep.2011.28|s2cid=143813560 }}


==References==
==References==
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{{Political parties in Estonia}}
{{Political parties in Estonia}}
{{authority control}}


[[Category:Defunct political parties in Estonia]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in Estonia]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in Estonia]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in Estonia]]
[[Category:International Democrat Union member parties]]
[[Category:International Democracy Union member parties]]
[[Category:1995 establishments in Estonia]]
[[Category:1995 establishments in Estonia]]
[[Category:2006 disestablishments in Estonia]]
[[Category:2006 disestablishments in Estonia]]
[[Category:National conservative parties]]

Latest revision as of 03:57, 10 November 2024

Pro Patria Union
Isamaaliit
LeaderTõnis Lukas
Founded2 December 1995 (1995-12-02)
Dissolved15 October 2006 (2006-10-15)
Merged intoPro Patria and Res Publica Union
HeadquartersWismari 11
Tallinn 10136
IdeologyNational conservatism[1]
Christian democracy[2]
Political positionCentre-right
European affiliationEuropean People's Party
European Democrat Union
European Parliament groupEPP-ED
International affiliationChristian Democrat and People's Parties International
International Democrat Union
Colours  Blue
Website
www.irl.ee

The Pro Patria Union (Estonian: Isamaaliit, meaning literally Fatherland Union) was a national-conservative[3] political party in Estonia. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the Estonian National Independence Party and the Pro Patria National Coalition.

On 4 April 2006, representatives of the Pro Patria Union and the representatives of Res Publica decided to merge the two parties. The merger was approved by the general assemblies of both parties in Pärnu on 4 June 2006. Although originally the name For Estonia (Eesti Eest) was considered for the united party, it was rejected. New party was officially registered on 15 October 2006 under the name Pro Patria and Res Publica Union.[4]

According to party statements, the programme was based on Christian democracy and nationalism. Together with its predecessors the Pro Patria Union was the main force behind the economic and legal reforms in the Republic of Estonia at the beginning of the 1990s.

A party of an identical name existed before the Second World War.

In government and opposition

[edit]

Mart Laar, a historian, former chairman of the National Alliance "Pro Patria" and Prime Minister of Estonia from 1992 to 1994 was elected the new chairman of the party on 24 October 1998.

The party was successful on the parliamentary elections of 1999, receiving 18 seats. Its leader Mart Laar became prime minister again. His coalition government was in office till 28 January 2002.

The Pro Patria Union was a member of the European People's Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats (EPP-ED). The party had one seat in the European Parliament, held by Tunne Kelam, the chairman of the Pro Patria Union from 7 December 2002 to 16 April 2005.

In the 2003 parliamentary elections, they won seven seats in Riigikogu; as such, they joined the opposition. Tõnis Lukas was elected chairman of the party on 16 April 2005. Historian and archivist Aimar Altosaar was re-elected secretary general in 2005, having served in the same position from 1996 to 1999.

The party had an official newspaper called "Tribüün" (The Tribune). It was established in 2001.

For the local elections in autumn 2005, the Pro Patria Union signed a cooperation agreement with two minor parties: Union of Farmers (Põllumeeste Kogu) on 6 July 2005 and with Estonian Democratic Party (Eesti Demokraatlik Partei) on 12 July 2005. The local elections on 16 October 2005 showed a growing support for the party. The presence of the Pro Patria Union grew from no seats to seven in Tallinn City Council and remained the same (nine seats) in Tartu City Council.

In April 2006, former party leader and twice PM Mart Laar was awarded the Friedman Prize for Liberty.[5]

Electoral results

[edit]

Parliamentary elections

[edit]
Election Votes Seats Pos. Government
# % ± pp # ±
1999 77,917 16.1 –
18 / 101
 – 2nd Coalition (1999–2002)
2003 36,169 7.3 Decrease 8.8
7 / 101
 Decrease 11 5th Opposition

European Parliament elections

[edit]
Election Votes Seats Pos.
# % ± pp # ±
2004 24,375 10.5 –
1 / 6
 – 4th

Further reading

[edit]
  • Bennich-Björkman, Li; Johansson, Karl Magnus (December 2012). "Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia". Comparative European Politics. 10 (5): 585–607. doi:10.1057/cep.2011.28. S2CID 143813560.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bennich-Björkman, Li; Johansson, Karl Magnus (December 2012). "Explaining moderation in nationalism: Divergent trajectories of national conservative parties in Estonia and Latvia". Comparative European Politics. 10 (5): 585–607. doi:10.1057/cep.2011.28. S2CID 143813560.
  2. ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2003). "Estonia". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 13 October 2004. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  3. ^ Bugajski, Janusz (2002), Political Parties of Eastern Europe: A Guide to Politics in the Post-Communist Era, The Center for Strategic and International Studies, p. 72
  4. ^ http://uudised.err.ee/index.php?0558894 Res Publica ja Isamaaliit ühinevad (in Estonian)
  5. ^ "The Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty | Cato Institute".
[edit]
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