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{{short description|mother of William Shakespeare (1536-1608)}}
{{Short description|Mother of William Shakespeare (1536-1608)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Mary Shakespeare
| name = Mary Arden
| image = Shakespeare's Country Home of Mary Arden Wilmcote. (NBY 440610).jpg
| image = Shakespeare's Country Home of Mary Arden Wilmcote. (NBY 440610) (cropped).jpg
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption = Postcard depicting the Arden cottage, Mary and young William
| birth_name = Mary Arden
⚫
| birth_date = {{circa|1536–1538}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/mary-arden/|title=Mary Arden|website=Shakespeare Birthplace Trust}}</ref>
| birth_name = Mary Arden
⚫
| birth_place = [[Wilmcote]], England
⚫
| birth_date = {{circa|1536–1538}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/mary-arden/|title=Mary Arden|website=Shakespeare Birthplace Trust}}</ref>
⚫
| death_date = September {{death year|1608}} (aged c. 70)
⚫
| birth_place = [[Wilmcote, Warwickshire]], [[Kingdom of England]]
| death_place = [[Stratford-upon-Avon]], England
⚫
| death_date = early September {{death year|1608}} (age about 70)
| death_place = [[Stratford-upon-Avon]], Warwickshire, England
| burial_place = [[Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon]]
⚫
| known_for =
| burial_place = [[Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon]]
⚫
| spouse = [[John Shakespeare]] (m. 1557–1601; his death)
⚫
| known_for =
⚫
| children = 8, including [[William Shakespeare|William]], [[Gilbert Shakespeare|Gilbert]], [[Joan Shakespeare|Joan]] and [[Edmund Shakespeare|Edmund]]
⚫
| spouse = [[John Shakespeare]] (m. 1557–1601; his death)
⚫
| notable_works =
⚫
| children = 8, including [[William Shakespeare|William]], [[Gilbert Shakespeare|Gilbert]], [[Joan Shakespeare|Joan]] and [[Edmund Shakespeare|Edmund]]
⚫
| father = Robert Arden
⚫
| notable_works =
}}
⚫
| father = Robert Arden}}
[[File:Arden of Park Hall arms.svg|right|200px|thumb|Arden Coat of Arms]]
⚫
'''Mary Shakespeare''' ([[Birth name|née]] '''Arden'''; c. 1537–1608){{efn|English personal names were not spelled consistently in the Tudor period; Mary's name is recorded variously as ''Marye Shackspere, Mayry Shaxspere''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://shakespearedocumented.folger.edu/resource/document/conveyance-john-and-mary-shakespeare-robert-webbe-4-their-share-two-messuages|title=Conveyance by John and Mary Shakespeare to Robert Webbe, for £4, of their share in two messuages in Snitterfield|website=Shakespeare Documented}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/>}} was the mother of [[William Shakespeare]].

⚫
'''Mary Shakespeare''' ([[Birth name|née]] '''Arden'''; {{Circa|1537}} — September 1608){{efn|English personal names were not spelled consistently in the Tudor period; Mary's name is recorded variously as ''Marye Shackspere, Mayry Shaxspere''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://shakespearedocumented.folger.edu/resource/document/conveyance-john-and-mary-shakespeare-robert-webbe-4-their-share-two-messuages|title=Conveyance by John and Mary Shakespeare to Robert Webbe, for £4, of their share in two messuages in Snitterfield|website=Shakespeare Documented}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/>}} was the mother of [[William Shakespeare]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Mary was born about 1536 in [[Wilmcote]], the daughter of Robert Arden, a gentleman farmer and junior descendant of the [[Arden family|Arden family]],<ref>''Burke's Landed Gentry'', 18th ed., vol. 2, 1969, ed. Peter Townend, 'Arden formerly of Longcroft' pedigree</ref><ref>''Shakespeare'', Anthony Burgess, Vintage Books, chapter 1, 'Home'</ref> who were prominent in [[Warwickshire]]. She was the youngest of eight daughters, and when her father died in 1556 she inherited land at [[Snitterfield]] and Wilmcote from as a [[dowry]]. The house was left to her stepmother Agnes Hill. [[Richard Shakespeare]], the father of [[John Shakespeare]], was a tenant farmer on land owned by her father in Snitterfield. As the daughter of Richard's landlord, she may have known John since childhood.<ref name="auto">Wood, Michael. ''Shakespeare''. New York: Basic, 2003. Print.</ref> Mary married John Shakespeare in 1557, when she was 20 years old.<ref name="auto"/> She bore eight children: Joan (1558), Margaret (1562–1563), [[William Shakespeare|William]] (1564–1616), [[Gilbert Shakespeare|Gilbert]] (1566–1612), [[Joan Shakespeare|Joan]] (1569–1646), Anne (1571–1579), Richard (1574–1613), and [[Edmund Shakespeare|Edmund]] (1580–1607).<ref>[http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/genealogy.htm A Shakespeare Genealogy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070329205405/http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/genealogy.htm |date=March 29, 2007 }}</ref> Though Mary gave birth to many children, several of them died young. Their first daughter, Joan, born 1558 died; the name being used again for their third daughter. Their second daughter, Margaret, also died in infancy.<ref name="auto"/> Some members of the wider Arden family were of the Catholic faith.<ref name="auto"/> John died in 1601 and Mary died in September 1608.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://shakespearedocumented.folger.edu/resource/document/parish-register-entry-recording-mary-arden-shakespeares-burial|title=Parish register entry recording Mary Arden Shakespeare's burial|website=Shakespeare Documented}}</ref>
Mary was born about 1536 in [[Wilmcote]], the daughter of Robert Arden, a gentleman farmer and junior descendant of the [[Arden family]],<ref>''Burke's Landed Gentry'', 18th ed., vol. 2, 1969, ed. Peter Townend, 'Arden formerly of Longcroft' pedigree</ref><ref>''Shakespeare'', Anthony Burgess, Vintage Books, chapter 1, 'Home'</ref> who were prominent in [[Warwickshire]]. She was the youngest of eight daughters, and when her father died in 1556 she inherited land at [[Snitterfield]] and Wilmcote from him as a [[dowry]]. The house was left to her stepmother Agnes Hill. [[Richard Shakespeare]], the father of [[John Shakespeare]], was a tenant farmer on land owned by her father in Snitterfield. As the daughter of Richard's landlord, she may have known John since childhood.<ref name="auto">Wood, Michael. ''Shakespeare''. New York: Basic, 2003. Print.</ref> Mary married John Shakespeare in 1557, when she was 20 years old and her spouse was approximately 26 years old.<ref name="auto"/> She bore eight children: Joan (1558), Margaret (1562–1563), [[William Shakespeare|William]] (1564–1616), [[Gilbert Shakespeare|Gilbert]] (1566–1612), [[Joan Shakespeare|Joan]] (1569–1646), Anne (1571–1579), Richard (1574–1613), and [[Edmund Shakespeare|Edmund]] (1580–1607).<ref>[http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/genealogy.htm A Shakespeare Genealogy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070329205405/http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/genealogy.htm |date=March 29, 2007 }}</ref> Though Mary gave birth to many children, several of them died young. Their first daughter, Joan, born 1558 died; the name being used again for their third daughter. Their second daughter, Margaret, also died in infancy.<ref name="auto"/> Some members of the wider Arden family were of the Catholic faith.<ref name="auto"/> John died in 1601 and Mary died in September 1608.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://shakespearedocumented.folger.edu/resource/document/parish-register-entry-recording-mary-arden-shakespeares-burial|title=Parish register entry recording Mary Arden Shakespeare's burial|website=Shakespeare Documented}}</ref>


Mary was born into a family of status and her ancestors were well connected in society, including Thomas Arden, who fought in the [[Second Barons' War]] (1264–67) on the side of [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]]; Robert Arden who fought in the Wars of the Roses, and John Arden who served on the court of [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]].<ref name="auto"/>
Mary was born into a family of status and her ancestors were well connected in society, including Thomas Arden, who fought in the [[Second Barons' War]] (1264–67) on the side of [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]]; Robert Arden who fought in the Wars of the Roses, and John Arden who served at the court of [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]].<ref name="auto"/>


[[Image:Mary Arden's House (rear view) -Wilmcote.jpg|left|thumb|Palmer's Farm (rear)]]
[[Image:Mary Arden's House (rear view) -Wilmcote.jpg|left|thumb|Palmer's Farm (rear)]]
[[Mary Arden's House]] in Wilmcote was maintained in good condition as a working farmhouse, until was bought by the [[Shakespeare Birthplace Trust]] in 1930 and refurnished in the [[Tudor period]] style.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/arden.htm|title = Mary Arden's House (the mother of William Shakespeare)|publisher = Online Shakespeare}}</ref> In 2000 it was discovered that the building preserved as Mary Arden's house had belonged to a friend and neighbour, Adam Palmer, and the house was accordingly renamed Palmer's Farm. The house that had belonged to the Arden family – which was near to Palmer's Farm – had been acquired by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in 1968 for preservation as part of a farmyard, without knowing its true provenance.<ref>''The Shakespeare Houses – The Official Guide'', Revised 2008, {{ISBN|978-0-7117-2949-0}}</ref> The house and farm are open as a historic museum displaying 16th-century life.
[[Mary Arden's House]] in Wilmcote was maintained in good condition as a working farmhouse, until it was bought by the [[Shakespeare Birthplace Trust]] in 1930 and refurnished in the [[Tudor period]] style.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.onlineshakespeare.com/arden.htm|title = Mary Arden's House (the mother of William Shakespeare)|publisher = Online Shakespeare}}</ref> In 2000 it was discovered that the building preserved as Mary Arden's house had belonged to a friend and neighbour, Adam Palmer, and the house was accordingly renamed Palmer's Farm. The house that had belonged to the Arden family – which was near to Palmer's Farm – had been acquired by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in 1968 for preservation as part of a farmyard, without knowing its true provenance.<ref>''The Shakespeare Houses – The Official Guide'', Revised 2008, {{ISBN|978-0-7117-2949-0}}</ref> The house and farm are open as a historic museum displaying 16th-century life.
{{clear|both}}
{{clear|both}}


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
{{notelist}}

==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Family tree of William Shakespeare}}
{{Family tree of William Shakespeare}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Shakespeare, Mary}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shakespeare, Mary}}
[[Category:1530s births]]
[[Category:1530s births]]
[[Category:1608 deaths]]
[[Category:1608 deaths]]
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[[Category:People from Stratford-upon-Avon]]
[[Category:People from Stratford-upon-Avon]]
[[Category:16th-century English women]]
[[Category:16th-century English women]]
[[Category:16th-century English people]]
[[Category:17th-century English women]]
[[Category:17th-century English people]]

Latest revision as of 07:09, 10 November 2024

Mary Arden
Born
Mary Arden

c. 1536–1538[1]
Wilmcote, England
DiedSeptember 1608 (1609) (aged c. 70)
Stratford-upon-Avon, England
Burial placeChurch of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon
SpouseJohn Shakespeare (m. 1557–1601; his death)
Children8, including William, Gilbert, Joan and Edmund
FatherRobert Arden
Arden Coat of Arms

Mary Shakespeare (née Arden; c. 1537 — September 1608)[a] was the mother of William Shakespeare.

Biography

[edit]

Mary was born about 1536 in Wilmcote, the daughter of Robert Arden, a gentleman farmer and junior descendant of the Arden family,[4][5] who were prominent in Warwickshire. She was the youngest of eight daughters, and when her father died in 1556 she inherited land at Snitterfield and Wilmcote from him as a dowry. The house was left to her stepmother Agnes Hill. Richard Shakespeare, the father of John Shakespeare, was a tenant farmer on land owned by her father in Snitterfield. As the daughter of Richard's landlord, she may have known John since childhood.[6] Mary married John Shakespeare in 1557, when she was 20 years old and her spouse was approximately 26 years old.[6] She bore eight children: Joan (1558), Margaret (1562–1563), William (1564–1616), Gilbert (1566–1612), Joan (1569–1646), Anne (1571–1579), Richard (1574–1613), and Edmund (1580–1607).[7] Though Mary gave birth to many children, several of them died young. Their first daughter, Joan, born 1558 died; the name being used again for their third daughter. Their second daughter, Margaret, also died in infancy.[6] Some members of the wider Arden family were of the Catholic faith.[6] John died in 1601 and Mary died in September 1608.[3]

Mary was born into a family of status and her ancestors were well connected in society, including Thomas Arden, who fought in the Second Barons' War (1264–67) on the side of Simon de Montfort; Robert Arden who fought in the Wars of the Roses, and John Arden who served at the court of Henry VII.[6]

Palmer's Farm (rear)

Mary Arden's House in Wilmcote was maintained in good condition as a working farmhouse, until it was bought by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in 1930 and refurnished in the Tudor period style.[8] In 2000 it was discovered that the building preserved as Mary Arden's house had belonged to a friend and neighbour, Adam Palmer, and the house was accordingly renamed Palmer's Farm. The house that had belonged to the Arden family – which was near to Palmer's Farm – had been acquired by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in 1968 for preservation as part of a farmyard, without knowing its true provenance.[9] The house and farm are open as a historic museum displaying 16th-century life.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ English personal names were not spelled consistently in the Tudor period; Mary's name is recorded variously as Marye Shackspere, Mayry Shaxspere.[2][3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Mary Arden". Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
  2. ^ "Conveyance by John and Mary Shakespeare to Robert Webbe, for £4, of their share in two messuages in Snitterfield". Shakespeare Documented.
  3. ^ a b "Parish register entry recording Mary Arden Shakespeare's burial". Shakespeare Documented.
  4. ^ Burke's Landed Gentry, 18th ed., vol. 2, 1969, ed. Peter Townend, 'Arden formerly of Longcroft' pedigree
  5. ^ Shakespeare, Anthony Burgess, Vintage Books, chapter 1, 'Home'
  6. ^ a b c d e Wood, Michael. Shakespeare. New York: Basic, 2003. Print.
  7. ^ A Shakespeare Genealogy Archived March 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "Mary Arden's House (the mother of William Shakespeare)". Online Shakespeare.
  9. ^ The Shakespeare Houses – The Official Guide, Revised 2008, ISBN 978-0-7117-2949-0
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