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{{Short description|Chinese surface-to-air missile}}
{{Short description|Chinese man portable surface-to-air missile}}
[[File:QW-3 Paskhas (02).jpg|thumb|A QW-3]]
[[File:QW-3 Paskhas (02).jpg|thumb|Members of the Indonesian Quick Reaction Forces Command (Kopasgat) inspecting a QW-3 MANPADS launcher]]


The '''QW-series''' ({{Lang-zh|p=Qian Wei}})<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk"/> are [[man-portable air-defense system]]s (MANPADS) developed by the [[People's Republic of China]].<ref name="atp71003_c3"/>
The '''QW-series''' ({{Lang-zh|p=Qian Wei|s=前卫|t=前衛}})<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk">{{Cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Gabriel |title=Footage suggests QW-2 MANPADS has entered service with Turkmenistan Army |url=http://www.janes.com/article/77051/footage-suggests-qw-2-manpads-has-entered-service-with-turkmenistan-army |website=Janes |date=15 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117152348/http://www.janes.com/article/77051/footage-suggests-qw-2-manpads-has-entered-service-with-turkmenistan-army |archive-date=17 January 2018 |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref> are [[man-portable air-defense system]]s (MANPADS) developed by the [[People's Republic of China]].<ref name="atp71003_c3"/>


==QW-1==
==QW-1==
Line 20: Line 20:
|engine=
|engine=
|engine_power=
|engine_power=
|weight={{convert|36|lbs|kg}}<ref name="whitmire">{{cite journal |last1=Whitmire |first1=James C. |date=December 2006 |title=Shoulder Launched Missiles (a.k.a. MANPADS): The Ominous Threat to Commercial Aviation |url=https://media.defense.gov/2019/Apr/11/2002115503/-1/-1/0/37MANPADS.PDF |series=The Counterproliferation Papers |volume=37 |publisher=United States Air Force Air University |location=Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref>
|weight={{convert|36|lbs|kg}}<ref name="whitmire">{{cite report |last1=Whitmire |first1=James C. |date=December 2006 |title=Shoulder Launched Missiles (a.k.a. MANPADS): The Ominous Threat to Commercial Aviation |url=https://media.defense.gov/2019/Apr/11/2002115503/-1/-1/0/37MANPADS.PDF |series=The Counterproliferation Papers |volume=37 |publisher=United States Air Force Air University |location=Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref>
|length=
|length=
|height=
|height=
Line 26: Line 26:
|wingspan=
|wingspan=
|speed=
|speed=
|vehicle_range={{convert|5|km|mi}} (maximum)<ref name="sipri_2007_684/>
|vehicle_range={{convert|5|km|mi}} (maximum)<ref name="sipri_2007_684"/>
|ceiling={{convert|2.5|mi|km}}<ref name="whitmire"/>
|ceiling={{convert|2.5|mi|km}}<ref name="whitmire"/>
|altitude=
|altitude=
|filling=
|filling=
|guidance=[[Infrared homing]]<ref name="sipri_2007_684/>
|guidance=[[Infrared homing]]<ref name="sipri_2007_684"/>
|detonation=
|detonation=
|launch_platform=MANPADS
|launch_platform=MANPADS
}}
}}


The '''QW-1''' is the initial version. It is likely a copy or derivative of the [[Soviet]] [[9K38 Igla|9K38 Igla-1]] MANPAD.<ref name="atp71003_c3">''Chinese Tactics'' (2021): page C-3</ref>
The '''QW-1''' ([[NATO reporting name]]: '''CH-SA-7''')<ref name="IISS_2023">{{Cite book|author=The International Institute for Strategic Studies|title=The Military Balance 2023|date=15 February 2023 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |chapter=6 Asia }}</ref> is the initial version. It is likely a copy or derivative of the [[Soviet]] [[9K38 Igla|9K38 Igla-1]] MANPAD.<ref name="atp71003_c3">''Chinese Tactics'' (2021): page C-3</ref>


The system was unveiled in 1994.<ref name="SAS_2012_10">{{cite book |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf |chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia |title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2012 |author=Small Arms Survey |author-link=Small Arms Survey |page=327 |isbn=978-0-521-19714-4 |access-date=30 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |archive-date=2018-08-31 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
The system was unveiled in 1994.<ref name="SAS_2012_10">{{cite book |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf |chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia |title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2012 |author=Small Arms Survey |author-link=Small Arms Survey |page=327 |isbn=978-0-521-19714-4 |access-date=30 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |archive-date=2018-08-31 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


===Variants===
===Variants===

;QW-1M
;QW-1M
:Modernized version. Also used by [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]].<ref name="PMU">{{cite report |title=Iraq: Turning a blind eye: The arming of the Popular Mobilization Units |date=5 January 2017 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/MDE1453862017ENGLISH.PDF |id=MDE 14/5386/2017 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |page=26}}</ref>
:Modernized version. Also used by [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]].<ref name="PMU">{{cite report |title=Iraq: Turning a blind eye: The arming of the Popular Mobilization Units |date=5 January 2017 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/MDE1453862017ENGLISH.PDF |id=MDE 14/5386/2017 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |page=26}}</ref>

;[[Anza (missile)|Anza-2]]
;[[Anza (missile)|Anza-2]]
:Version developed or produced in [[Pakistan]].<ref name="sipri_2007_684>{{cite book |title=SIPRI Yearbook 2007: Armaments, Disarmament, and International Security |url=https://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2007 |isbn=9780199230211 |page=684}}</ref>
:Version developed or produced in [[Pakistan]].<ref name="sipri_2007_684">{{cite book |title=SIPRI Yearbook 2007: Armaments, Disarmament, and International Security |url=https://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2007 |isbn=9780199230211 |page=684}}</ref>
;Misagh-1
;[[Misagh-1]]
:Version developed or produced in [[Iran]].<ref name="sipri_2007_684/> Also used by [[Iraqi insurgency (2003–11)|Iraqi insurgents]]<ref name="SAS_2012_10"/> and Kata'ib Hezbollah.<ref name="PMU"/>
:Version developed or produced in [[Iran]].<ref name="sipri_2007_684"/> Also used by [[Iraqi insurgency (2003–11)|Iraqi insurgents]]<ref name="SAS_2012_10"/> and Kata'ib Hezbollah.<ref name="PMU"/>
;[[Misagh-2]]
:Version developed or produced in [[Iran]].<ref name="sipri_2007_684"/> According to some sources, the Misagh-2 may be a copy of the QW-1M.
{{clear|right}}
{{clear|right}}


==QW-2==
==QW-2==
{{Main|QW-2 MANPADS}}
{{Infobox weapon
|is_missile=yes
|name=QW-2
|image=
|caption=
|origin={{CHN}}
|type=Man-portable air-defense system
|manufacturer=
|used_by={{flag|Bangladesh}}<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Dr. Michael Ashkenazi,Princess Mawuena Amuzu, Jan Grebe,Christof Kögler and Marc Kösling |date=February 2013 |title=MANPADS - A Terrorist Threat to Civilian Aviation? |series=BICC brief |volume=47 |url=https://www.bicc.de/uploads/tx_bicctools/BICC_brief_02.pdf |publisher=Bonn International Center for Conversion |page=159 |issn=0947-7322| access-date=8 September 2019}}</ref><br/>
{{flag|Turkmenistan}}<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk"/>
|unit_cost=
|propellant=
|production_date=After 1998<ref>{{cite report |last1=DeClerq |first1=David |date=October 1999 |title=Trends in Small Arms and Light Weapons Development: Non-Proliferation and Arms Control Dimensions |url=http://www.international.gc.ca/arms-armes/assets/pdfs/declerq1999.pdf |publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada |page=29 |docket= |access-date=6 March 2022 |quote=}}</ref>
|service=
|engine=
|engine_power=
|weight=
|length={{convert|1.59|m|ft}}<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk">{{Cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Gabriel |title=Footage suggests QW-2 MANPADS has entered service with Turkmenistan Army |url=http://www.janes.com/article/77051/footage-suggests-qw-2-manpads-has-entered-service-with-turkmenistan-army |website=Janes |date=15 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117152348/http://www.janes.com/article/77051/footage-suggests-qw-2-manpads-has-entered-service-with-turkmenistan-army |archive-date=17 January 2018 |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref>
|height=
|diameter=
|wingspan=
|speed=
|vehicle_range={{convert|0.5-6|km|mi}}<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk"/>
|ceiling={{convert|0.01-4|km|mi}}<ref name="janes_qw-2_turk"/>
|altitude=
|filling=
|guidance=[[Infrared homing]]<ref name="sipri_2007_684/>
|detonation=
|launch_platform=MANPADS<br/>
Ground vehicles<ref name="atp71003_c2">''Chinese Tactics'' (2021): page C-2</ref>
}}

The '''QW-2''' has improved performance against targets flying faster and at lower-altitude than the QW-1.<ref name="atp71003_c2"/>

===Variants===

;QW-12
:Uses a laser proximity detonator. Unveiled in November 2014.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shukla |first1=Parth |last2=Udoshi |first2=Rahul |title=China tests QW-12 missile capabilities |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/china-tests-qw-12-missile-capabilities |website=Janes |date=16 February 2022 |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref>
{{clear|right}}


==QW-3==
==QW-3==
The '''QW-3''' uses semi-active homing.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zeigler |first1=Sean M. |last2=Hou |first2=Alexander C. |last3=Martini |first3=Jeffrey |last4=Norton |first4=Daniel M. |last5=Phillips |first5=Brian |last6=Schwille |first6=Michael |last7=Strong |first7=Aaron |last8=Vest |first8=Nathan |date=2019 |title=Acquisition and Use of MANPADS Against Commercial Aviation: Risks, Proliferation, Mitigation, and Cost of an Attack |url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR4300/RR4304/RAND_RR4304.pdf |location=Santa Monica, California |publisher=RAND Corporation |page=3 |isbn=978-1-9774-0418-3 |id=RR-4304-DOS}}</ref>
The '''QW-3''' uses semi-active homing.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zeigler |first1=Sean M. |last2=Hou |first2=Alexander C. |last3=Martini |first3=Jeffrey |last4=Norton |first4=Daniel M. |last5=Phillips |first5=Brian |last6=Schwille |first6=Michael |last7=Strong |first7=Aaron |last8=Vest |first8=Nathan |date=2019 |title=Acquisition and Use of MANPADS Against Commercial Aviation: Risks, Proliferation, Mitigation, and Cost of an Attack |url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR4300/RR4304/RAND_RR4304.pdf |location=Santa Monica, California |publisher=RAND Corporation |page=3 |isbn=978-1-9774-0418-3 |id=RR-4304-DOS}}</ref>


==FL-2000(V)==
==QW-18==
[[File:QW-18A of Bangladesh Army.jpg|thumb|QW-18A of the [[Bangladesh Army]]]]
{{vanchor |FL-2000}}(V) (short for Flying Leopard 2000 Vehicle mounted) is the latest member which first made its public debut in China at the end of 2004 during the 5th [[Zhuhai Airshow]]. FL-2000(V) is a development of FLG-1 which utilizes modular design concept, enabling the system to incorporate a wide range of missiles and systems developed earlier. Laser designator is added the existing fire control system (FCS) so that the semi-active laser guided QW-3 can be directly used in the air defense system, instead of having to modify the earlier FCS first. Another significant improvement over FLG-1 is that FL-2000(V) incorporates the land-based version of FLS-1, and due to the modular design, the land-based version FLS-1 system is interchangeable with other land based system, and thus can be mounted on same chassis.
The QW-18 is a new version of the MANPADS series. It is a all-weather MANPADS system. It uses a dual-band passive infrared seeker, the target plume and skinning two heat detection. The QW-18A features electric-servo control actuators to increase guidance and flight characteristics.

*Range: 500 to 5,000 m
*Altitude: 10 to 4,000 m.


==QW-19==
FL-2000(V) system consists of 3 versions, FL-2000A, FL-2000B and FL-2000C. The A version is the basic model, with each vehicle has its own FCS, controlling missiles carried and AAA assigned. The B version incorporates a command vehicle so that several A versions and associating AAA can be integrated as a network to fight together. The C version incorporates [[TY-90]] missile, further expanding capability.<ref>[http://news.timedg.com/2012-11/10/content_12886410.htm FL-2000A/B/C] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714164113/http://news.timedg.com/2012-11/10/content_12886410.htm |date=July 14, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/airshow_china_2018_zhuhai_news_show_daily_coverage/cpmiec_fm-2000_short_range_air_defense_system_at_air_show_china_2018.html|title=CPMIEC FM-2000 Short Range Air Defense System at Air Show China 2018 &#124; AirShow China 2018 Zhuhai News Show Daily Coverage &#124; Defence security military exhibition 2018 daily news category}}</ref>
QW-19 is an upgrade of QW-19, featuring a new digital seeker and a contact-proximity fuse with four control fins (instead of two on QW-18). It supports initial guidance mode, and the shooter can engage the targets by directly aiming.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/china-defense-close |title=China Defense Close-Up |date=1 December 2014 |website=Aviation Week }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Anza (missile)]]
* {{lwc|Anza (missile)}}
* The [[FN-6]] and [[HN-5]] are other Chinese man-portable surface-to-air missiles.
* The [[FN-6]] and [[HN-5]] are other Chinese man-portable [[surface-to-air missile]]s.
* [[FIM-92 Stinger]]
* {{lwc|FIM-92 Stinger}}
* [[Qaem#Qaem ground to air missile|Qaem]]
* {{lwc|Qaem#Qaem ground to air missile|Qaem}}
* [[Misagh-2]]
* {{lwc|Misagh-2}}
* {{lwc|PZR Grom}}
* [[Grom (missile)]]
* [[Mistral (missile)]]
* {{lwc|Mistral (missile)}}


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 07:37, 10 November 2024

Members of the Indonesian Quick Reaction Forces Command (Kopasgat) inspecting a QW-3 MANPADS launcher

The QW-series (simplified Chinese: 前卫; traditional Chinese: 前衛; pinyin: Qian Wei)[1] are man-portable air-defense systems (MANPADS) developed by the People's Republic of China.[2]

QW-1

[edit]
QW-1
TypeMan-portable air-defense system
Place of origin China
Specifications
Mass36 pounds (16 kg)[3]
Operational
range
5 kilometres (3.1 mi) (maximum)[4]
Flight ceiling2.5 miles (4.0 km)[3]
Guidance
system
Infrared homing[4]
Launch
platform
MANPADS

The QW-1 (NATO reporting name: CH-SA-7)[5] is the initial version. It is likely a copy or derivative of the Soviet 9K38 Igla-1 MANPAD.[2]

The system was unveiled in 1994.[6]

Variants

[edit]
QW-1M
Modernized version. Also used by Kata'ib Hezbollah.[7]
Anza-2
Version developed or produced in Pakistan.[4]
Misagh-1
Version developed or produced in Iran.[4] Also used by Iraqi insurgents[6] and Kata'ib Hezbollah.[7]
Misagh-2
Version developed or produced in Iran.[4] According to some sources, the Misagh-2 may be a copy of the QW-1M.

QW-2

[edit]
Main article: QW-2 MANPADS

QW-3

[edit]

The QW-3 uses semi-active homing.[8]

QW-18

[edit]
QW-18A of the Bangladesh Army

The QW-18 is a new version of the MANPADS series. It is a all-weather MANPADS system. It uses a dual-band passive infrared seeker, the target plume and skinning two heat detection. The QW-18A features electric-servo control actuators to increase guidance and flight characteristics.

  • Range: 500 to 5,000 m
  • Altitude: 10 to 4,000 m.

QW-19

[edit]

QW-19 is an upgrade of QW-19, featuring a new digital seeker and a contact-proximity fuse with four control fins (instead of two on QW-18). It supports initial guidance mode, and the shooter can engage the targets by directly aiming.[9]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dominguez, Gabriel (15 January 2018). "Footage suggests QW-2 MANPADS has entered service with Turkmenistan Army". Janes. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  2. ^ a b Chinese Tactics (2021): page C-3
  3. ^ a b Whitmire, James C. (December 2006). Shoulder Launched Missiles (a.k.a. MANPADS): The Ominous Threat to Commercial Aviation (PDF) (Report). The Counterproliferation Papers. Vol. 37. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: United States Air Force Air University. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e SIPRI Yearbook 2007: Armaments, Disarmament, and International Security. Oxford University Press. 2007. p. 684. ISBN 9780199230211.
  5. ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies (15 February 2023). "6 Asia". The Military Balance 2023. London: Routledge.
  6. ^ a b Small Arms Survey (2012). "Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia". Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets. Cambridge University Press. p. 327. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
  7. ^ a b Iraq: Turning a blind eye: The arming of the Popular Mobilization Units (PDF) (Report). Amnesty International. 5 January 2017. p. 26. MDE 14/5386/2017.
  8. ^ Zeigler, Sean M.; Hou, Alexander C.; Martini, Jeffrey; Norton, Daniel M.; Phillips, Brian; Schwille, Michael; Strong, Aaron; Vest, Nathan (2019). Acquisition and Use of MANPADS Against Commercial Aviation: Risks, Proliferation, Mitigation, and Cost of an Attack (PDF). Santa Monica, California: RAND Corporation. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-9774-0418-3. RR-4304-DOS.
  9. ^ "China Defense Close-Up". Aviation Week. 1 December 2014.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Chinese Tactics (PDF). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Army. 9 August 2021. ATP 7-100.3.
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