Mildred Anne Butler: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Irish artist}} |
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{{Use Hiberno-English|date=October 2020}} |
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{{Infobox artist |
{{Infobox artist |
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| name = Mildred Anne Butler |
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| birth_name = Mildred Anne Butler |
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| birth_date = {{birth date text|11 January 1858}} |
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| birthname =Mildred Anne Butler |
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| birth_place = [[Thomastown, County Kilkenny|Thomastown]], [[County Kilkenny]], [[Ireland]] |
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| birthdate ={{birth-date|January 11, 1858}} |
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| death_date = {{death date text|11 October 1941}} |
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| location =[[Thomastown]], [[County Kilkenny]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] |
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| death_place = [[Thomastown, County Kilkenny|Thomastown]], [[County Kilkenny]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] |
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| deathdate ={{death-date|October 11, 1941}} |
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| nationality = [[Irish people|Irish]] |
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| deathplace =[[Thomastown]], [[County Kilkenny]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] |
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| field = [[Painting]], [[Watercolour]]s and oils |
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| nationality =[[Irish people|Irish]] |
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| training = {{unbulleted list |
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| field =[[Painting]], [[Watercolour]]s and oils |
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|Paul Jacob Naftel |
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| training = |
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|[[William Frank Calderon]] |
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Paul Jacob Naftel<br /> |
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|[[Norman Garstin]]}} |
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[[William Frank Calderon]]<br /> |
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| movement = [[Newlyn School]] |
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[[Norman Garstin]] |
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| works ={{unbulleted list |
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|''A Sheltered Corner (1891)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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| works = |
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''A |
|''A High Court of Justice (1892)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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'' |
|''Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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'' |
|''The Morning Bath (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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'' |
|''Beside the Pond (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]] |
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'' |
|''Dull December (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]] |
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'' |
|''Loiterers (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]] |
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'' |
|''Raiders from the Rookery (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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'' |
|''Sunshine Holiday (1898)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S.]] |
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'' |
|''Cead Mile Failte (1898)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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}} |
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''Cead Mile Failte (1898)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]] |
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| patrons =[[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary of Teck]], [[Grand Duke of Hesse]] |
| patrons = [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary of Teck]], [[Grand Duke of Hesse]] |
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| influenced by =[[ Walter Osborne]]<br /> [[Sir John Lavery]]<br /> [[Luke Fildes]]<br /> [[Stanhope Forbes]]<br />[[Rose Barton]] |
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| influenced = |
| influenced = |
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| awards = |
| awards = |
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}} |
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<!--Paragraph 1/4: Introduction to Butler and summary of her notability:--> |
<!--Paragraph 1/4: Introduction to Butler and summary of her notability:--> |
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'''Mildred Anne Butler''' |
'''Mildred Anne Butler''' {{Post-nominals|post-noms=[[List of Royal Academicians|RA]] [[Royal Watercolour Society|RWS]]}} (11 January 1858 – 11 October 1941) was an [[Irish people|Irish]] artist, who worked in [[watercolour]] and oil of landscape, genre and animal subjects. Butler was born and spent most of her life in Kilmurry, [[Thomastown, County Kilkenny|Thomastown]], [[County Kilkenny]] and was associated with the [[Newlyn School]] of painters. |
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<!--Paragraph 2/4: General/qualitative accomplishments:--> |
<!--Paragraph 2/4: General/qualitative accomplishments:--> |
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Mildred Anne's [[en plein air]] style is dominated by the theme of nature and reflects scenes of domesticity around the family home in Kilmurry. She achieved distinction in her lifetime and exhibited in major galleries in |
Mildred Anne's [[en plein air]] style is dominated by the theme of nature and reflects scenes of domesticity around the family home in Kilmurry. She achieved distinction in her lifetime and exhibited in major galleries in Ireland and England. Among her patrons were [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary of Teck]] and [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse]]. |
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<!--Paragraph 3/4: Specific/quantitative accomplishments:--> |
<!--Paragraph 3/4: Specific/quantitative accomplishments:--> |
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She became a member of the [[Royal Academy]] in 1893. In 1896, Butler's ''Morning Bath'' was exhibited at the Royal Academy.{{ |
She became a member of the [[Royal Academy]] in 1893. In 1896, Butler's ''Morning Bath'' was exhibited at the Royal Academy.{{Ref label|A|a|none}} It was the second work by a female artist to be purchased by the trustees of the [[Chantrey Bequest]] and was then presented to the [[Tate]].{{Ref label|B|b|none}} She became an associate member of the [[Royal Watercolour Society]] in 1896 and was granted full membership in 1937. |
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<!--Paragraph 4/4: Controversy and death:--> |
<!--Paragraph 4/4: Controversy and death:--> |
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She was one of the first academicians elected by the [[Royal Ulster Academy|Ulster Academy of Arts]] in 1930. She virtually stopped painting by the |
She was one of the first academicians elected by the [[Royal Ulster Academy|Ulster Academy of Arts]] in 1930. She virtually stopped painting by the 1930s due to arthritis and died in 1941, aged 83. Around four hundred pieces of her work were sold as part of the artist's studio sale in 1980. She is celebrated in a postage stamp by [[An Post]]. |
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== Life == |
== Life == |
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Mildred Anne was born in 1858 in Kilmurry, a Georgian House near [[Thomastown]] and was the youngest daughter of Captain Henry Butler, a grandson of the [[Edmund Butler, 11th Viscount Mountgarret]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> Knowledge of Butler's life and working methods are almost entirely on the watercolours themselves and on her diaries, which are preserved for most years between 1892 and 1938.<ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
Mildred Anne was born in 1858 in Kilmurry, a Georgian House near [[Thomastown, County Kilkenny|Thomastown]] and was the youngest daughter of Captain Henry Butler, a grandson of the [[Edmund Butler, 11th Viscount Mountgarret]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> Knowledge of Butler's life and working methods are almost entirely on the watercolours themselves and on her diaries, which are preserved for most years between 1892 and 1938.<ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> Butler's quirky titles such as ''Ancient Rubbish'', ''A Tit-Bit'' and ''Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy: Ravens amongst trees'' show the artist's playful sensibility.<ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /><ref name="The Delegates 1923 Christies" /> Her father, Henry Butler, was an amateur artist favouring subjects from nature he encountered on journeys abroad, in particular exotic plants and animals.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> Butler spent most of her life in the family home at Kilmurry with frequent trips to England and the continent.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> She continued painting until the 1930s when she stopped painting due to arthritis and died in 1941, aged 83.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> |
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== Career == |
== Career == |
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Butler's father Henry may have encouraged her to paint in her youth but her artistic training began in London in the late 1880s with the watercolourist [[Paul Jacob Naftel]], whom she credited for her understanding of watercolours.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> Butler like her friend Rose Barton, who also studied under Naftel, did not follow his choice of landscape, instead she devoted herself to cattle, birds, and flower gardens.<ref name="Huish1904" /> She continued her studies at [[Westminster School of Art]] under [[William Frank Calderon]]<ref name="Butler hughlane" /> who specialised in animal painting and later opened a school of animal painting.<ref name="Butler Tate" /> At Frank Calderon's School she studied the subject of cows, and it was that work for which she was elected to the Old Society, the [[Royal Academy]].<ref name="Huish1904">({{Harvnb|Huish|1904| p=94}})</ref> |
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In her late twentieths |
In her late twentieths, Butler made annual visits to the continent until the outbreak of war. She travelled to France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy.<ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> In Paris, she studied drawing, figure drawing and fine art painting. While in Paris she became associated with the [[Newlyn school]] and went on to spend the summers of 1894 and 1895 in [[Newlyn]] in [[Cornwall]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> Newlyn at that time was the centre for a group of artists who were interested in plein-air subjects, many of whom had previously studied in France.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /> She was attached to the Newlyn School, and [[Norman Garstin]]'s studio in particular alongside contemporaries such as [[Walter Osborne]] and [[Sir John Lavery]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /><ref name="Huish1904"/> Garstin like [[Walter Osborne|Osborne]] had been a pupil of the [[Antwerp]] master [[Charles Verlat]].<ref name="Butler Cork" /> Butler established a friendship with [[Luke Fildes]], [[Stanhope Forbes]] whom she met at Newlyn.<ref name="The Flowers of August 1900 Christies" /> The influence of the [[Limerick]]-born Garstin, and Forbes, and the contact with the Newlyn School informed Butler's development and remained an important influence on her work throughout her life.<ref name="The Flowers of August 1900 Christies" /> |
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Butler continuously exhibited |
Butler continuously exhibited throughout her career and proved herself to be a keen business woman capable of marketing her watercolours successfully with patrons such as [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary of Teck]] and [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /> She was a member of the [[Society of Women Artists|''Society of Lady Artists'']].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Butler, Mildred|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|page=265|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA265}}</ref> She was one of the first nine academicians elected by the ''[[Royal Ulster Academy|Ulster Academy of Arts]]'' in 1930. She was granted full membership into the [[Royal Watercolour Society]] in 1937, having been an associate member since 1896.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> |
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=== Style === |
=== Style === |
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[[File:Meditation (1889) by Mildred Anne Butler.jpeg|thumb|right|Meditation (1889)]] |
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Butler was a painter in oil and watercolour of landscape, genre and animal subjects.<ref name="Morning Bath Tate" /> Her range of work was dominated by the theme of nature and her subject matter reflected the scenes of domesticity surrounding her Kilmurry home.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /> Butler's house was a huge source of inspiration throughout her life,<ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /> its garden and surroundings, provided passion for many of her paintings which often included the surrounding gardens, pasture and countryside.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /><ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /><ref name="The Kilmurry Estate Christies" /> These themes interested her particularly remained a constant subject.<ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> She also did genre views of villages and towns on the continent.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /> |
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Butler painted [[en plein air]] with instils her work with animated freshness, which she depicts with a degree of realism and expression.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Kilkenny400 2009" /><ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /> Paintings such as ''Meditation (1889)'' were considered revolutionary by the art establishment and by critics of the day.<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /> The critic of the magazine [[List of nineteenth-century British periodicals#1890s|Hearth and Home]] described her habit of painting in the open air, rare at the time, and said it give an actuality and a freshness to the painting.<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /> |
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===Works and exhibitions=== |
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Butler's principal works have been ''A Sheltered Corner (1891)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], ''A High Court of Justice (1892)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], ''Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], ''The Morning Bath (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], ''Raiders from the Rookery (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], ''Cead Mile Failte (1898)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904"/> Works that she was elected to the [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S.]] in 1896 include ''Dull December'', ''Loiterers'' and ''Beside the Pond''.<ref name="Huish1904"/> ''Sunshine Holiday (1898)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S.]] was another notable work.<ref name="Huish1904"/> Her works appears in a number of collections including ''Morning Bath'' in the [[Tate]] and paintings in the [[National Gallery of Ireland]], the [[Ulster Museum]] in [[Belfast]] and the [[Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane|Hugh Lane Gallery]] in Dublin.<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> A small watercolour of crows hangs in [[Queen Mary's Dolls' House]] at [[Windsor Castle|Windsor]].<ref name="Butler Cork" /> Throughout her career Butler's works were showcased as far abroad as the [[United States]] and [[Japan]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> |
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She first exhibited at the Dudley Gallery in [[Piccadilly]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> She exhibited in various galleries and institutions including the [[Royal Hibernian Academy]], the [[Watercolour Society of Ireland]], the [[Royal Ulster Academy|Belfast Ramblers' Sketching Club]], the [[Royal Academy]] (1889–1902) and the [[Royal Watercolour Society]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> In 1906 she exhibited at the Watercolour Society of Ireland, in Dublin, with works such as ''The Garden Cart'' and later that |
She first exhibited at the Dudley Gallery in [[Piccadilly]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> She exhibited in various galleries and institutions including the [[Royal Hibernian Academy]], the [[Watercolour Society of Ireland]], the [[Royal Ulster Academy|Belfast Ramblers' Sketching Club]], the [[Royal Academy]] (1889–1902) and the [[Royal Watercolour Society]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="Butler Cork" /> In 1906 she exhibited at the Watercolour Society of Ireland, in Dublin, with works such as ''The Garden Cart'' and later that winter in London, at the [[Royal Watercolour Society|Old Water-Colour Society]] where the exhibition included pieces such as ''Where the Grass Grows Green''.<ref name="The Garden Cart Christies" /><ref name="Where the Grass Grows Green 1904 sothebys" /> In Spring 1919 an exhibition at the [[Royal Watercolour Society]], London, included ''Tramore Strand, Low water (1889)''<ref name="Tramore Strand, Low water 1889 sothebys" /> ''The Delegates (1923)'' was exhibited at the [[New Irish Salon]].<ref name="The Delegates 1923 Christies" /> |
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In 1980, watercolours, drawings and sketches, together with notes, letters and diaries were sold as part of the artist's studio sale.<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /><ref name="Winter Survival Christies" /> Some were sold in Ireland and others at a studio sale at [[Christie's]] in London.<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /><ref name="christies" /><ref name="Sothebys" /> The [[National Gallery of Ireland]] purchased seven fine watercolours for |
In 1980, watercolours, drawings and sketches, together with notes, letters and diaries were sold as part of the artist's studio sale.<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /><ref name="Winter Survival Christies" /> Some were sold in Ireland and others at a studio sale at [[Christie's]] in London.<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /><ref name="christies" /><ref name="Sothebys" /> The [[National Gallery of Ireland]] purchased seven fine watercolours for its permanent collection.<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /> Fota House in Cork contains one of her works.<ref name="Fota" /> An Exhibition of Butler's work was held by the Kilkenny Art Gallery Society at [[Kilkenny Castle]] in June 1981 which included pieces such as ''Where the Grass Grows Green (1904)''<ref name="Where the Grass Grows Green 1904 sothebys" /><ref name="Kilkenny 1981" /><ref name="Crookshank 1981">({{Harvnb|Crookshank|1992}})</ref> It was further exhibited at the Bank of Ireland, Baggot Street, Dublin in August 1981 and at Christies, King Street, London in September 1981.<ref name="Kilkenny 1981" /><ref name="Crookshank 1981"/> In 1987 Kilkenny Art Gallery, Kilkenny, presented an exhibition '' Mildred Anne Butler'', which included ''Cats Chasing Birds (1918)''.<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes" /> Between August–September 1987 the Crawford Municipal Art Gallery, Cork, presented an exhibition ''Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941. An Irish Edwardian Watercolour Collection'' which included ''Figures beside a horse and chaise (1896)''<ref name="Figures beside a horse and chaise 1896 Christies" /> In April to June 1988 Ulster Museum and Art Gallery, Belfast, presented an exhibition '' Mildred Anne Butler'' which included ''Cats Chasing Birds (1918)''.<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes" /><ref name="Figures beside a horse and chaise 1896 Christies" /> She is celebrated on a [[Postage stamps of Ireland|Postage stamp]] in an [[An Post]] collection for female [[Irish people|Irish]] artists.<ref name="stamp" /> |
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== Selected works == |
== Selected works == |
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{{refbegin|25em}} |
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<div style="column-count: 3; -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3;"> |
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{{plainlist| |
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<small> |
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''A Sheltered Corner (1891)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''A Sheltered Corner (1891)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''A High Court of Justice (1892)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''A High Court of Justice (1892)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''The Morning Bath (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], [[Tate]], [[London]].<ref name=" |
* ''The Morning Bath (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]], [[Tate]], [[London]].<ref name="Huish1904" /><ref name="Morning Bath Tate" /> |
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''Beside the Pond (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Beside the Pond (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Dull December (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Dull December (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Loiterers (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Loiterers (1896)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S. Election 1896]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Raiders from the Rookery (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Raiders from the Rookery (1896)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Sunshine Holiday (1898)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Sunshine Holiday (1898)'' [[Royal Watercolour Society|R.W.S.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Cead Mile Failte (1898)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" |
* ''Cead Mile Failte (1898)'' [[Royal Academy|R.A.]]<ref name="Huish1904" /> |
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''Toll from the Turnip Cart (1896)''<ref name="Turnip Cart 1896 whytes" |
* ''Toll from the Turnip Cart (1896)''<ref name="Turnip Cart 1896 whytes" /> |
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''The Wanderers (1898)'', [[Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane|Hugh Lane Gallery]], [[Dublin]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="The Wanderers 1898 hughlane" |
* ''The Wanderers (1898)'', [[Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane|Hugh Lane Gallery]], [[Dublin]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /><ref name="The Wanderers 1898 hughlane" /> |
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''The Garden Cart''<ref name="The Garden Cart Christies" |
* ''The Garden Cart''<ref name="The Garden Cart Christies" /> |
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''Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry''<ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry''<ref name="Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
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''Tramore Strand, Low water 1889''<ref name="Tramore Strand, Low water 1889 sothebys" |
* ''Tramore Strand, Low water 1889''<ref name="Tramore Strand, Low water 1889 sothebys" /> |
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''Where the Grass Grows Green''<ref name="Where the Grass Grows Green 1904 sothebys" |
* ''Where the Grass Grows Green''<ref name="Where the Grass Grows Green 1904 sothebys" /> |
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''The Delegates (1923)''<ref name="The Delegates 1923 Christies" |
* ''The Delegates (1923)''<ref name="The Delegates 1923 Christies" /> |
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''Dandelions and Scillas''<ref name="Dandelions and Scillas Christies" |
* ''Dandelions and Scillas''<ref name="Dandelions and Scillas Christies" /> |
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''The Garden Path (1922)''<ref name="The Garden Path 1922 Christies" |
* ''The Garden Path (1922)''<ref name="The Garden Path 1922 Christies" /> |
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''Procession through the bluebells''<ref name="Procession through the bluebells sothebys" |
* ''Procession through the bluebells''<ref name="Procession through the bluebells sothebys" /> |
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''Madonna Lilies''<ref name="Other Websites" /><ref name="Other Sothebys" |
* ''Madonna Lilies''<ref name="Other Websites" /><ref name="Other Sothebys" /> |
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''Side-cars''<ref name="Side-cars Christies" |
* ''Side-cars''<ref name="Side-cars Christies" /> |
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''Foxgloves''<ref name="Foxgloves Christies" |
* ''Foxgloves''<ref name="Foxgloves Christies" /> |
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''Poppies (1904)''<ref name="Poppies 1904 Christies" |
* ''Poppies (1904)''<ref name="Poppies 1904 Christies" /> |
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''The Lily Pond (1897)''<ref name="The Lily Pond 1897 Christies" |
* ''The Lily Pond (1897)''<ref name="The Lily Pond 1897 Christies" /> |
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''In the Conservatory, Kilmurry''<ref name="In the Conservatory, Kilmurry" /><ref name="In the conservatory Christies" |
* ''In the Conservatory, Kilmurry''<ref name="In the Conservatory, Kilmurry" /><ref name="In the conservatory Christies" /> |
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''View in Pembroke Street, Dublin''<ref name="View in Pembroke Street, Dublin sothebys" |
* ''View in Pembroke Street, Dublin''<ref name="View in Pembroke Street, Dublin sothebys" /> |
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''A garden path, probably Kilmurry''<ref name="A garden path, probably Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''A garden path, probably Kilmurry''<ref name="A garden path, probably Kilmurry Christies" /> |
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''A summer's day''<ref name="a summer's day sothebys" |
* ''A summer's day''<ref name="a summer's day sothebys" /> |
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''Hollyhocks''<ref name="Hollyhocks Christies" |
* ''Hollyhocks''<ref name="Hollyhocks Christies" /> |
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''Winter Survival''<ref name="Winter Survival Christies" |
* ''Winter Survival''<ref name="Winter Survival Christies" /> |
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''Low water, Tramore, Waterford (1919)''<ref name="Low water, Tramore, Waterford 1919 Christies" |
* ''Low water, Tramore, Waterford (1919)''<ref name="Low water, Tramore, Waterford 1919 Christies" /> |
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''Station cabbies (1898)''<ref name="Station cabbies 1898 Christies" |
* ''Station cabbies (1898)''<ref name="Station cabbies 1898 Christies" /> |
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''Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower''<ref name="Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower Christies" |
* ''Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower''<ref name="Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower Christies" /> |
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''Autumn by the Lake (1890)''<ref name="Autumn by the Lake 1890 Christies" |
* ''Autumn by the Lake (1890)''<ref name="Autumn by the Lake 1890 Christies" /> |
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''Figures beside a horse and chaise''<ref name="Figures beside a horse and chaise 1896 Christies" |
* ''Figures beside a horse and chaise''<ref name="Figures beside a horse and chaise 1896 Christies" /> |
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''Horses grazing (1998)''<ref name="horses grazing 1998 sothebys" |
* ''Horses grazing (1998)''<ref name="horses grazing 1998 sothebys" /> |
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''Cats Chasing Birds (1918)''<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes" |
* ''Cats Chasing Birds (1918)''<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes" /> |
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''Peacocks''<ref name=" |
* ''Peacocks''<ref name="Other Sothebys" /><ref name="Peacocks Christies" /><ref name="Other Christies" /> |
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''The Spring Garden, Kilmurry''<ref name="mutualart" /><ref name="The Spring Garden, Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''The Spring Garden, Kilmurry''<ref name="mutualart" /><ref name="The Spring Garden, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
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''Study of a Delphinium''<ref name="Study of a Delphinium Christies" |
* ''Study of a Delphinium''<ref name="Study of a Delphinium Christies" /> |
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''Sheep in a meadow''<ref name="Sheep in a meadow Christies" |
* ''Sheep in a meadow''<ref name="Sheep in a meadow Christies" /> |
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''The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry''<ref name="The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry''<ref name="The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
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''Cattle grazing, Kilmurry''<ref name="Cattle grazing, Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''Cattle grazing, Kilmurry''<ref name="Cattle grazing, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
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''Edge of the Woods<ref name="edge of the woods sothebys" |
* ''Edge of the Woods''<ref name="edge of the woods sothebys" /> |
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''Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray (1917)''<ref name="Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray 1917" |
* ''Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray (1917)''<ref name="mutualart" /><ref name="Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray 1917" /> |
||
''Lismore, Waterford''<ref name="Lismore, Waterford Christies" |
* ''Lismore, Waterford''<ref name="Lismore, Waterford Christies" /> |
||
''Two cats, Kilmurry''<ref name="Two cats, Kilmurry Christies" |
* ''Two cats, Kilmurry''<ref name="Two cats, Kilmurry Christies" /> |
||
''The Kilmurry Estate''<ref name="The Kilmurry Estate Christies" |
* ''The Kilmurry Estate''<ref name="The Kilmurry Estate Christies" /> |
||
''Meditation (1889)''<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" |
* ''Meditation (1889)''<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams" /> |
||
''Cattle Resting in a Summer Meadow (1899)''<ref name="mutualart" |
* ''Cattle Resting in a Summer Meadow (1899)''<ref name="mutualart" /> |
||
''A Dead Magpie in a Tree''<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" |
* ''A Dead Magpie in a Tree''<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam" /> |
||
''A Trout Stream''<ref name=" |
* ''A Trout Stream''<ref name="mutualart" /><ref name="A Trout Stream Christies" /> |
||
''Procession through the Bluebells''<ref name="mutualart" |
* ''Procession through the Bluebells''<ref name="mutualart" /> |
||
''Crucifixion and hollyhocks''<ref name="mutualart" |
* ''Crucifixion and hollyhocks''<ref name="mutualart" /> |
||
''Lilac Phlox''<ref name="Other Websites" |
* ''Lilac Phlox''<ref name="Other Websites" /> |
||
''The Farmyard''<ref name="Other Websites" |
* ''The Farmyard''<ref name="Other Websites" /> |
||
'''Other''' |
|||
* [[An Post]] Postage stamp<ref name="stamp image" |
* [[An Post]] Postage stamp<ref name="stamp image" /> |
||
'''Other Works''' |
|||
''"Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy": Ravens amongst trees'''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''"Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy": Ravens amongst trees'''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Spring Garden (1916)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Spring Garden (1916)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''The Sentinels: Rooks in the snow (1895)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''The Sentinels: Rooks in the snow (1895)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''A Nap, Kilmurry, Co Kilkenny''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''A Nap, Kilmurry, Co Kilkenny''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''The Flowers of August (1900)''<ref name="The Flowers of August 1900 Christies" |
* ''The Flowers of August (1900)''<ref name="The Flowers of August 1900 Christies" /> |
||
''Peacocks and Peahens on a Sunlit Lawn''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Peacocks and Peahens on a Sunlit Lawn''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''At Lismore, Co Waterford (1913)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''At Lismore, Co Waterford (1913)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Fine Feathers''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Fine Feathers''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Threashing in a riverside Field (1910)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Threashing in a riverside Field (1910)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Peacocks at Kilmurry (1910)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Peacocks at Kilmurry (1910)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Doves at the Edge of a Garden''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Doves at the Edge of a Garden''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''A Cat stalking Pigeons''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''A Cat stalking Pigeons''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Rose Peany''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Rose Peany''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Crows resting in a snow covered Landscape''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Crows resting in a snow covered Landscape''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''A Summer Border (1914)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''A Summer Border (1914)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Young Jackdaws''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Young Jackdaws''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Aix les Bains''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Aix les Bains''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''A bluebell wood''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
* ''A bluebell wood''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Kilmurry''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Kilmurry''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''A French Chateau (1901)''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''A French Chateau (1901)''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Cattle grazing''<ref name="Other Christies" |
* ''Cattle grazing''<ref name="Other Christies" /> |
||
''Trees by a meadow''<ref name="Other Sothebys" |
* ''Trees by a meadow''<ref name="Other Sothebys" /> |
||
}}{{refend}} |
|||
</small> |
|||
</div> |
|||
== See also == |
== See also == |
||
{{Commons category|Mildred Anne Butler}} |
|||
{{Commonscat|Newlyn School}} |
|||
* [[Newlyn School]] |
* [[Newlyn School]] |
||
* [[List of Irish artists]] |
* [[List of Irish artists]] |
||
* [[List of Irish botanical illustrators]] |
* [[List of Irish botanical illustrators]] |
||
== |
==Notes== |
||
{{refbegin|2}} |
|||
<div style="column-count: 2; -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2;"> |
|||
'''a.''' {{Note label|A|a|none}} The [[Royal Academy]] in London refused to show artists who painted in the French style, young painters had to form their own society in order to exhibit.<ref name="Butler Cork" /> This attitude waned throughout the 1890s.<ref name="Butler Cork" /> |
|||
'''b.''' {{Note label|B|b|none}} ''The Morning Bath (1896)'' was amongst the few watercolours that were purchased by the Trustees of the [[Chantrey Bequest]]<ref name="Crookshank 1981" /> and was the second work by a female artist to be purchased (the first was Anna Lea Merritt's 'Love Locked Out' in 1890) and was presented to the [[Tate]].<ref name="RAA/PD/12(1)" /> |
|||
'''a.''' {{Note_label|A|a|none}} The [[Royal Academy]] in [[London]] refused to show artists who painted in the French style, young painters had to form their own society in order to exhibit.<ref name="Butler Cork" /> This attitude waned throughout the 1890s.<ref name="Butler Cork" /> |
|||
{{refend}} |
|||
'''b.''' {{Note_label|B|b|none}} ''The Morning Bath (1896)'' was amongst the few watercolours that were purchased by the Trustees of the Chantrey Bequest<ref name="Crookshank 1981" /> and was the first work by a female artist to be purchased and was presented to the [[Tate]].<ref name="Butler hughlane" /> |
|||
</div> |
|||
== References == |
== References == |
||
=== Footnotes === |
=== Footnotes === |
||
{{ |
{{Reflist|refs= |
||
<ref name="Butler hughlane"> |
<ref name="Butler hughlane"> |
||
{{cite web|url=http://www.hughlane.ie/online_catalogue/artist-detail.php?id=465 |
{{cite web|url=http://www.hughlane.ie/online_catalogue/artist-detail.php?id=465 |
||
| title = Butler, Mildred Anne (1858 - 1941) |
|||
| publisher = [[Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane]] |
|||
| location = Dublin |
|||
|location=[[Dublin]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] |
|||
| access-date = 24 June 2010}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Butler Cork"> |
<ref name="Butler Cork"> |
||
{{cite |
{{cite encyclopedia |
||
| url = http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/irish-artists/mildred-anne-butler.htm |
|||
| title = Mildred Anne Butler |
|||
| encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art |
|||
| publisher = Visual Arts Cork |
|||
| location = [[Cork (city)|Cork]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Butler Tate"> |
<ref name="Butler Tate"> |
||
{{cite web |
{{cite web |
||
| url = http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=72&page=1&sole=y&collab=y&attr=y&sort=default&tabview=bio |
|||
| title = Mildred Anne BUTLER 1858–1941 |
|||
| publisher = [[Tate]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
|||
<ref name="stamp"> |
|||
{{cite web |
|||
|url=http://www.irishstamps.ie/IrishStamps/downloads/CollectorsNewsIssue1.pdf |
|||
|title=Irish Female Artists Collection |
|||
|work=IRISH STAMPS Collectors News |
|||
|publisher=[[An Post]] |
|||
|format=pdf |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="stamp">{{cite web |
|||
|url = http://www.irishstamps.ie/IrishStamps/downloads/CollectorsNewsIssue1.pdf |
|||
|title = Irish Female Artists Collection |
|||
|work = IRISH STAMPS Collectors News |
|||
|publisher = [[An Post]] |
|||
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171128200455/http://www.irishstamps.ie/IrishStamps/downloads/CollectorsNewsIssue1.pdf |
|||
|archive-date = 2017-11-28 |
|||
|url-status = dead |
|||
}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="Kilkenny400 2009"> |
<ref name="Kilkenny400 2009"> |
||
{{Cite web |
{{Cite web |
||
| last = Butler Gallery |
|||
| author-link = Butler Gallery |
|||
|title=Kilkenny: An Artists’ Celebration (17 October – 16 December, 2009) |
|||
| title = Kilkenny: An Artists' Celebration (17 October – 16 December 2009) |
|||
|publisher=[[Butler Gallery]] |
|||
| publisher = [[Butler Gallery]] |
|||
|date=October 17, 2009 |
|||
| date = 17 October 2009 |
|||
|url=http://www.butlergallery.com/download/Kilkenny400.pdf |
|||
| url = http://www.butlergallery.com/download/Kilkenny400.pdf |
|||
|format=pdf |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Fota"> |
<ref name="Fota"> |
||
{{cite web |
{{cite web |
||
| url = http://www.fotahouse.com/display.php?primarynav=History_and_Architecture&secondarynav=The%20Collection |
|||
| title = The Collection |
|||
| publisher = Fota House, Arboretum & Gardens |
|||
| location = County Cork |
|||
|location=[[Cork]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams"> |
<ref name="Meditation 1889 Adams"> |
||
{{cite web|url=http://www.mafineart.com/works_for_sale/m_a_butler__meditation.phtml |
{{cite web|url=http://www.mafineart.com/works_for_sale/m_a_butler__meditation.phtml |
||
| title = Meditation 1889 |
|||
| publisher = www.mafineart.com |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam"> |
<ref name="A Dead Magpie in a Tree Adam"> |
||
{{cite web |
{{cite web |
||
| url = http://www.hughlane.ie/online_catalogue/work-detail.php?objectid=177 |
|||
| title = A Dead Magpie in a Tree |
|||
| publisher = www.adams.ie |
|||
| location = Fernhill, Ireland |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="christies"> |
<ref name="christies"> |
||
| Line 254: | Line 257: | ||
<ref name="Kilkenny 1981"> |
<ref name="Kilkenny 1981"> |
||
{{Citation |
{{Citation |
||
|last=Crookshank |
| last = Crookshank |
||
|first=Anne |
| first = Anne |
||
| |
| author2 = Knight of Glin |
||
|title=Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941 |
| title = Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941 |
||
|url=http://www.alibris.com/booksearch.detail?invid=10132052106&author=Butler%2C+Mildred+Anne&browse=1&qwork=4365204&qsort=&page=1 |
| url = http://www.alibris.com/booksearch.detail?invid=10132052106&author=Butler%2C+Mildred+Anne&browse=1&qwork=4365204&qsort=&page=1 |
||
| year = 1981 |
|||
|archiveurl= |
|||
| orig-year = 1981 |
|||
|archivedate= |
|||
| publisher = Trustees Of The Late Doreen Archer Houblon, Kilkenny. |
|||
|format= |
|||
| quote = Catalogue to an Exhibition held by the Kilkenny Art Gallery Society at [[Kilkenny Castle]] from June 1981. |
|||
|accessdate= |
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|edition= |
|||
|series= |
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|volume= |
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|date=1981 |
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|origyear=1981 |
|||
|year=1981 |
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|month= |
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|publisher=Trustees Of The Late Doreen Archer Houblon, Kilkenny. |
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|location= |
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|language= |
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|isbn= |
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|oclc= |
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|doi= |
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|doi_brokendate= |
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|bibcode= |
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|id= |
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|page= |
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|pages= |
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|nopp= |
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|at= |
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|chapter= |
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|chapterurl= |
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|quote=Catalogue to an Exhibition held by the Kilkenny Art Gallery Society at [[Kilkenny Castle]] from June 1981. |
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|laysummary= |
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|laydate= |
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|separator= |
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|postscript= |
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|lastauthoramp= |
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|ref= |
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}}. |
}}. |
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{{Citation |
{{Citation |
||
|last=Butler |
| last = Butler |
||
|first= Mildred Anne |
| first = Mildred Anne |
||
| |
| author2 = National Gallery of Ireland |
||
| author2-link = National Gallery of Ireland |
|||
|title=Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941 |
|||
| title = Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941 |
|||
|url=http://www.alibris.com/booksearch.detail?invid=10276650758&browse=1&qwork=4365204&qsort=&page=1 |
|||
| url = http://www.alibris.com/booksearch.detail?invid=10276650758&browse=1&qwork=4365204&qsort=&page=1 |
|||
|archiveurl= |
|||
| publisher = Crawford Municipal Art Gallery. |
|||
|archivedate= |
|||
| quote = Watercolour Collection exhibition catalogue. |
|||
|format= |
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|accessdate= |
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|edition= |
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|series= |
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|volume= |
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|date= |
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|origyear= |
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|year= |
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|month= |
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|publisher=Crawford Municipal Art Gallery. |
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|location= |
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|language= |
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|isbn= |
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|oclc= |
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|doi= |
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|doi_brokendate= |
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|bibcode= |
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|id= |
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|page= |
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|pages= |
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|nopp= |
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|at= |
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|chapter= |
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|chapterurl= |
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|quote=Watercolour Collection exhibition catalogue. |
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|laysummary= |
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|laydate= |
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|separator= |
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|lastauthoramp= |
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|ref= |
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}}. |
}}. |
||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
| Line 338: | Line 282: | ||
<ref name="Morning Bath Tate"> |
<ref name="Morning Bath Tate"> |
||
{{cite web |
{{cite web |
||
| url = http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ViewWork?cgroupid=999999961&workid=1869&searchid=13435 |
|||
| title = Morning Bath exhibited 1896 |
|||
| publisher = [[Tate]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|accessdate=}} |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Turnip Cart 1896 whytes"> |
<ref name="Turnip Cart 1896 whytes"> |
||
| Line 423: | Line 367: | ||
<ref name="horses grazing 1998 sothebys"> |
<ref name="horses grazing 1998 sothebys"> |
||
[http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?lot_id=3PMZG horses grazing], [[Sotheby's]] [http://www.sothebys.com Art Auction House]. |
[http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?lot_id=3PMZG horses grazing], [[Sotheby's]] [http://www.sothebys.com Art Auction House]. |
||
</ref> |
|||
<ref name="RAA/PD/12(1)"> |
|||
Royal Academy ArchivesRAA/PD/12(1) Chantrey Bequest acquisitions 1877-1931. |
|||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes"> |
<ref name="Cats Chasing Birds 1918 Whytes"> |
||
| Line 483: | Line 430: | ||
{{Refbegin}} |
{{Refbegin}} |
||
* {{Citation |
* {{Citation |
||
|last=Chamot |
| last = Chamot |
||
|first=Mary |
| first = Mary |
||
| author2 = Dennis Farr |
|||
|coauthors=Dennis Farr and Martin Butlin |
|||
| author3 = Martin Butlin |
|||
|title= The Modern British Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture |
|||
| author3-link = Martin Butlin |
|||
|url=http://openlibrary.org/books/OL14812923M/modern_British_paintings_drawings_and_sculpture |
|||
| title = The Modern British Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture |
|||
|archiveurl= |
|||
| ol = 14812923M |
|||
|archivedate= |
|||
| volume = I |
|||
|format= |
|||
| year = 1964 |
|||
|accessdate= |
|||
| publisher = Oldbourne Press |
|||
|edition= |
|||
| location = London |
|||
|series= |
|||
| oclc = 503229940 |
|||
|volume=I |
|||
|date= |
|||
|origyear= |
|||
|year=1964 |
|||
|month= |
|||
|publisher=Oldbourne Press |
|||
|location=[[London]] |
|||
|language= |
|||
|isbn= |
|||
|oclc=503229940 |
|||
|doi= |
|||
|doi_brokendate= |
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|bibcode= |
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|id= |
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|page= |
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|pages= |
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|nopp= |
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|at= |
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|chapter= |
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|chapterurl= |
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|quote= |
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|laysummary= |
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|laydate= |
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|separator= |
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|postscript= |
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|lastauthoramp= |
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|ref=harv |
|||
}}. |
}}. |
||
* {{Citation |
* {{Citation |
||
|last=Crookshank |
| last = Crookshank |
||
|first=Anne |
| first = Anne |
||
| |
| author2 = National Gallery of Ireland |
||
| author2-link = National Gallery of Ireland |
|||
|title=Mildred Anne Butler, 1858-1941 (Lives of Irish Artists) |
|||
| |
| title = Mildred Anne Butler, 1858-1941 (Lives of Irish Artists) |
||
| date = May 1992 |
|||
|archiveurl= |
|||
| publisher = Town House |
|||
|archivedate= |
|||
| location = Dublin |
|||
|format= |
|||
| isbn = 978-0-948524-37-0 |
|||
|accessdate= |
|||
|ref={{Harvid|Crookshank|1992}} |
|||
|edition= |
|||
|series= |
|||
|volume= |
|||
|date= |
|||
|origyear= |
|||
|year=1992 |
|||
|month=May |
|||
|publisher=Town House |
|||
|location=[[Dublin]] |
|||
|language=English |
|||
|isbn=978-0948524370 |
|||
|oclc= |
|||
|doi= |
|||
|doi_brokendate= |
|||
|bibcode= |
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|id= |
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|page= |
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|pages= |
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|nopp= |
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|at= |
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|chapter= |
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|chapterurl= |
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|quote= |
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|laysummary= |
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|laydate= |
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|separator= |
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|lastauthoramp= |
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|ref=harv |
|||
}}. |
}}. |
||
* {{Citation |
* {{Citation |
||
|last = Huish |
| last = Huish |
||
|first = Marcus B. |
| first = Marcus B. |
||
| title = ''British water-colour art'' in the first year of the reign of King Edward the Seventh and during the century covered by the life of the Royal society of painters in water colours / illustrated by the collection of drawings dedicated by that Society to Their Majesties the King and Queen at their coronation |
|||
|coauthors= |
|||
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vNzQnr3nGMwC |
|||
|title=''British water-colour art'' in the first year of the reign of King Edward the Seventh and during the century covered by the life of the Royal society of painters in water colours / illustrated by the collection of drawings dedicated by that Society to Their Majesties the King and Queen at their coronation |
|||
| edition = First |
|||
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vNzQnr3nGMwC |
|||
| year = 1904 |
|||
|archiveurl= |
|||
| publisher = The Fine art Society, A. & C. Black |
|||
|archivedate= |
|||
| isbn = 978-1-4437-6842-9 |
|||
|format= |
|||
| page = 94 |
|||
|accessdate= |
|||
| chapter = Mildred Anne Butler, A.R.W.S |
|||
|edition=First |
|||
| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vNzQnr3nGMwC&pg=PA94 |
|||
|series= |
|||
|volume= |
|||
|date= |
|||
|origyear= |
|||
|year = 1904 |
|||
|month= |
|||
|publisher=The Fine art Society, A. & C. Black |
|||
|location= |
|||
|language=English |
|||
|isbn=978-1443768429 |
|||
|oclc= |
|||
|doi= |
|||
|doi_brokendate= |
|||
|bibcode= |
|||
|id= |
|||
|page=94 |
|||
|pages= |
|||
|nopp= |
|||
|at= |
|||
|chapter=Mildred Anne Butler, A.R.W.S |
|||
|chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=vNzQnr3nGMwC&lpg=PR2&pg=PA94 |
|||
|quote= |
|||
|laysummary= |
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|laydate= |
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|separator= |
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|postscript= |
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|lastauthoramp= |
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|ref=harv |
|||
}}. |
}}. |
||
* [[National Gallery of Ireland]], ''Irish Women Artists'' 1987 |
* [[National Gallery of Ireland]], ''Irish Women Artists'' 1987 |
||
* [[County Life]] v.182, 25 August 1988, 124 |
* [[County Life]] v.182, 25 August 1988, 124 |
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* Desmond, Ray '' (1994) [ |
* Desmond, Ray '' (1994) [https://books.google.com/books?id=thmPzIltAV8C Dictionary of British and Irish botanists and horticulturists: including plant collectors, flower painters, and garden designers]'' |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.artnet.com/artist/553831/mildred-anne-butler.html Butler at Art Net] |
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* [http://web.artprice.com/ps/artitems.aspx?view=all&idarti=NTA3OTM2MTMwMjE3Nzc=&refGenre=E&target=catalogue&page=3 Watercolour Collection at Artprice] |
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Latest revision as of 14:10, 10 November 2024
Mildred Anne Butler | |
|---|---|
| Born | Mildred Anne Butler 11 January 1858 |
| Died | 11 October 1941 |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Education |
|
| Known for | Painting, Watercolours and oils |
| Notable work |
|
| Movement | Newlyn School |
| Patron(s) | Queen Mary of Teck, Grand Duke of Hesse |
Mildred Anne Butler RA RWS (11 January 1858 – 11 October 1941) was an Irish artist, who worked in watercolour and oil of landscape, genre and animal subjects. Butler was born and spent most of her life in Kilmurry, Thomastown, County Kilkenny and was associated with the Newlyn School of painters.
Mildred Anne's en plein air style is dominated by the theme of nature and reflects scenes of domesticity around the family home in Kilmurry. She achieved distinction in her lifetime and exhibited in major galleries in Ireland and England. Among her patrons were Queen Mary of Teck and Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse.
She became a member of the Royal Academy in 1893. In 1896, Butler's Morning Bath was exhibited at the Royal Academy.[a] It was the second work by a female artist to be purchased by the trustees of the Chantrey Bequest and was then presented to the Tate.[b] She became an associate member of the Royal Watercolour Society in 1896 and was granted full membership in 1937.
She was one of the first academicians elected by the Ulster Academy of Arts in 1930. She virtually stopped painting by the 1930s due to arthritis and died in 1941, aged 83. Around four hundred pieces of her work were sold as part of the artist's studio sale in 1980. She is celebrated in a postage stamp by An Post.
Life
[edit]Mildred Anne was born in 1858 in Kilmurry, a Georgian House near Thomastown and was the youngest daughter of Captain Henry Butler, a grandson of the Edmund Butler, 11th Viscount Mountgarret.[1][2] Knowledge of Butler's life and working methods are almost entirely on the watercolours themselves and on her diaries, which are preserved for most years between 1892 and 1938.[2] Butler's quirky titles such as Ancient Rubbish, A Tit-Bit and Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy: Ravens amongst trees show the artist's playful sensibility.[3][4] Her father, Henry Butler, was an amateur artist favouring subjects from nature he encountered on journeys abroad, in particular exotic plants and animals.[1][5] Butler spent most of her life in the family home at Kilmurry with frequent trips to England and the continent.[1][5] She continued painting until the 1930s when she stopped painting due to arthritis and died in 1941, aged 83.[1][5]
Career
[edit]Butler's father Henry may have encouraged her to paint in her youth but her artistic training began in London in the late 1880s with the watercolourist Paul Jacob Naftel, whom she credited for her understanding of watercolours.[1][5] Butler like her friend Rose Barton, who also studied under Naftel, did not follow his choice of landscape, instead she devoted herself to cattle, birds, and flower gardens.[6] She continued her studies at Westminster School of Art under William Frank Calderon[1] who specialised in animal painting and later opened a school of animal painting.[7] At Frank Calderon's School she studied the subject of cows, and it was that work for which she was elected to the Old Society, the Royal Academy.[6]
In her late twentieths, Butler made annual visits to the continent until the outbreak of war. She travelled to France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy.[2] In Paris, she studied drawing, figure drawing and fine art painting. While in Paris she became associated with the Newlyn school and went on to spend the summers of 1894 and 1895 in Newlyn in Cornwall.[1][5] Newlyn at that time was the centre for a group of artists who were interested in plein-air subjects, many of whom had previously studied in France.[1] She was attached to the Newlyn School, and Norman Garstin's studio in particular alongside contemporaries such as Walter Osborne and Sir John Lavery.[1][5][6] Garstin like Osborne had been a pupil of the Antwerp master Charles Verlat.[5] Butler established a friendship with Luke Fildes, Stanhope Forbes whom she met at Newlyn.[8] The influence of the Limerick-born Garstin, and Forbes, and the contact with the Newlyn School informed Butler's development and remained an important influence on her work throughout her life.[8]
Butler continuously exhibited throughout her career and proved herself to be a keen business woman capable of marketing her watercolours successfully with patrons such as Queen Mary of Teck and Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse.[1][3] She was a member of the Society of Lady Artists.[9] She was one of the first nine academicians elected by the Ulster Academy of Arts in 1930. She was granted full membership into the Royal Watercolour Society in 1937, having been an associate member since 1896.[1][5]
Style
[edit]_by_Mildred_Anne_Butler.jpeg)
Butler was a painter in oil and watercolour of landscape, genre and animal subjects.[10] Her range of work was dominated by the theme of nature and her subject matter reflected the scenes of domesticity surrounding her Kilmurry home.[1][11] Butler's house was a huge source of inspiration throughout her life,[3] its garden and surroundings, provided passion for many of her paintings which often included the surrounding gardens, pasture and countryside.[1][3][5][11][12] These themes interested her particularly remained a constant subject.[3][5] She also did genre views of villages and towns on the continent.[1]
Butler painted en plein air with instils her work with animated freshness, which she depicts with a degree of realism and expression.[1][3][11] Paintings such as Meditation (1889) were considered revolutionary by the art establishment and by critics of the day.[11] The critic of the magazine Hearth and Home described her habit of painting in the open air, rare at the time, and said it give an actuality and a freshness to the painting.[11]
Works and exhibitions
[edit]Butler's principal works have been A Sheltered Corner (1891) R.A., A High Court of Justice (1892) R.A., Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894) R.A., The Morning Bath (1896) R.A., Raiders from the Rookery (1896) R.A., Cead Mile Failte (1898) R.A.[6] Works that she was elected to the R.W.S. in 1896 include Dull December, Loiterers and Beside the Pond.[6] Sunshine Holiday (1898) R.W.S. was another notable work.[6] Her works appears in a number of collections including Morning Bath in the Tate and paintings in the National Gallery of Ireland, the Ulster Museum in Belfast and the Hugh Lane Gallery in Dublin.[1][5] A small watercolour of crows hangs in Queen Mary's Dolls' House at Windsor.[5] Throughout her career Butler's works were showcased as far abroad as the United States and Japan.[1][5]
She first exhibited at the Dudley Gallery in Piccadilly.[1][2] She exhibited in various galleries and institutions including the Royal Hibernian Academy, the Watercolour Society of Ireland, the Belfast Ramblers' Sketching Club, the Royal Academy (1889–1902) and the Royal Watercolour Society.[1][5] In 1906 she exhibited at the Watercolour Society of Ireland, in Dublin, with works such as The Garden Cart and later that winter in London, at the Old Water-Colour Society where the exhibition included pieces such as Where the Grass Grows Green.[13][14] In Spring 1919 an exhibition at the Royal Watercolour Society, London, included Tramore Strand, Low water (1889)[15] The Delegates (1923) was exhibited at the New Irish Salon.[4]
In 1980, watercolours, drawings and sketches, together with notes, letters and diaries were sold as part of the artist's studio sale.[16][17] Some were sold in Ireland and others at a studio sale at Christie's in London.[16][18][19] The National Gallery of Ireland purchased seven fine watercolours for its permanent collection.[16] Fota House in Cork contains one of her works.[20] An Exhibition of Butler's work was held by the Kilkenny Art Gallery Society at Kilkenny Castle in June 1981 which included pieces such as Where the Grass Grows Green (1904)[14][21][22] It was further exhibited at the Bank of Ireland, Baggot Street, Dublin in August 1981 and at Christies, King Street, London in September 1981.[21][22] In 1987 Kilkenny Art Gallery, Kilkenny, presented an exhibition Mildred Anne Butler, which included Cats Chasing Birds (1918).[23] Between August–September 1987 the Crawford Municipal Art Gallery, Cork, presented an exhibition Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941. An Irish Edwardian Watercolour Collection which included Figures beside a horse and chaise (1896)[24] In April to June 1988 Ulster Museum and Art Gallery, Belfast, presented an exhibition Mildred Anne Butler which included Cats Chasing Birds (1918).[23][24] She is celebrated on a Postage stamp in an An Post collection for female Irish artists.[25]
Selected works
[edit]- A Sheltered Corner (1891) R.A.[6]
- A High Court of Justice (1892) R.A.[6]
- Green-Eyed Jealousy (1894) R.A.[6]
- The Morning Bath (1896) R.A., Tate, London.[6][10]
- Beside the Pond (1896) R.W.S. Election 1896[6]
- Dull December (1896) R.W.S. Election 1896[6]
- Loiterers (1896) R.W.S. Election 1896[6]
- Raiders from the Rookery (1896) R.A.[6]
- Sunshine Holiday (1898) R.W.S.[6]
- Cead Mile Failte (1898) R.A.[6]
- Toll from the Turnip Cart (1896)[26]
- The Wanderers (1898), Hugh Lane Gallery, Dublin.[1][27]
- The Garden Cart[13]
- Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry[2]
- Tramore Strand, Low water 1889[15]
- Where the Grass Grows Green[14]
- The Delegates (1923)[4]
- Dandelions and Scillas[28]
- The Garden Path (1922)[29]
- Procession through the bluebells[30]
- Madonna Lilies[31][32]
- Side-cars[33]
- Foxgloves[34]
- Poppies (1904)[35]
- The Lily Pond (1897)[36]
- In the Conservatory, Kilmurry[37][38]
- View in Pembroke Street, Dublin[39]
- A garden path, probably Kilmurry[40]
- A summer's day[41]
- Hollyhocks[42]
- Winter Survival[17]
- Low water, Tramore, Waterford (1919)[43]
- Station cabbies (1898)[44]
- Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower[45]
- Autumn by the Lake (1890)[46]
- Figures beside a horse and chaise[24]
- Horses grazing (1998)[47]
- Cats Chasing Birds (1918)[23]
- Peacocks[32][48][49]
- The Spring Garden, Kilmurry[50][51]
- Study of a Delphinium[52]
- Sheep in a meadow[53]
- The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry[54]
- Cattle grazing, Kilmurry[55]
- Edge of the Woods[56]
- Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray (1917)[50][57]
- Lismore, Waterford[58]
- Two cats, Kilmurry[59]
- The Kilmurry Estate[12]
- Meditation (1889)[11]
- Cattle Resting in a Summer Meadow (1899)[50]
- A Dead Magpie in a Tree[16]
- A Trout Stream[50][60]
- Procession through the Bluebells[50]
- Crucifixion and hollyhocks[50]
- Lilac Phlox[31]
- The Farmyard[31]
Other
Other Works
- "Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy": Ravens amongst trees'[49]
- Spring Garden (1916)[49]
- The Sentinels: Rooks in the snow (1895)[49]
- A Nap, Kilmurry, Co Kilkenny[49]
- The Flowers of August (1900)[8]
- Peacocks and Peahens on a Sunlit Lawn[49]
- At Lismore, Co Waterford (1913)[49]
- Fine Feathers[49]
- Threashing in a riverside Field (1910)[49]
- Peacocks at Kilmurry (1910)[49]
- Doves at the Edge of a Garden[49]
- A Cat stalking Pigeons[49]
- Rose Peany[49]
- Crows resting in a snow covered Landscape[49]
- A Summer Border (1914)[49]
- Young Jackdaws[49]
- Aix les Bains[49]
- A bluebell wood[49]
- Kilmurry[49]
- A French Chateau (1901)[49]
- Cattle grazing[49]
- Trees by a meadow[32]
See also
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mildred Anne Butler.
Notes
[edit]a. ^ The Royal Academy in London refused to show artists who painted in the French style, young painters had to form their own society in order to exhibit.[5] This attitude waned throughout the 1890s.[5]
b. ^ The Morning Bath (1896) was amongst the few watercolours that were purchased by the Trustees of the Chantrey Bequest[22] and was the second work by a female artist to be purchased (the first was Anna Lea Merritt's 'Love Locked Out' in 1890) and was presented to the Tate.[62]
References
[edit]Footnotes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Butler, Mildred Anne (1858 - 1941)". Dublin: Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane. Retrieved 24 June 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Doves outside the Conservatory, Kilmurry. Christie's: Fine Art Auctions.
- ^ a b c d e f Butler Gallery (17 October 2009). "Kilkenny: An Artists' Celebration (17 October – 16 December 2009)" (PDF). Butler Gallery.
- ^ a b c The Delegates (1923) sold through Christie's.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Mildred Anne Butler". Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art. Cork: Visual Arts Cork.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p (Huish 1904, p. 94)
- ^ "Mildred Anne BUTLER 1858–1941". Tate.
- ^ a b c The Flowers of August (1900) sold through Christie's.
- ^ "Butler, Mildred". Who's Who. Vol. 59. 1907. p. 265.
- ^ a b "Morning Bath exhibited 1896". Tate.
- ^ a b c d e f "Meditation 1889". www.mafineart.com.
- ^ a b The Kilmurry Estate sold through Christie's.
- ^ a b The Garden Cart sold through Christie's.
- ^ a b c Where the Grass Grows Green. Sotheby's.
- ^ a b Tramore Strand, Low water (1889), Sotheby's.
- ^ a b c d "A Dead Magpie in a Tree". Fernhill, Ireland: www.adams.ie.
- ^ a b Winter Survival sold through Christie's.
- ^ Mildred Anne Butler sold through Christie's.
- ^ Mildred Anne Butler, Sotheby's
- ^ "The Collection". County Cork: Fota House, Arboretum & Gardens.
- ^ a b
Crookshank, Anne; Knight of Glin (1981) [1981], Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941, Trustees Of The Late Doreen Archer Houblon, Kilkenny.,
Catalogue to an Exhibition held by the Kilkenny Art Gallery Society at Kilkenny Castle from June 1981.
. Butler, Mildred Anne; National Gallery of Ireland, Mildred Anne Butler 1858-1941, Crawford Municipal Art Gallery.,Watercolour Collection exhibition catalogue.
. - ^ a b c (Crookshank 1992)
- ^ a b c Kilmurry - Cats Chasing Birds (1918), Whytes Irish art auctioneers.
- ^ a b c Figures beside a horse and chaise (1896) sold through Christie's.
- ^ "Irish Female Artists Collection" (PDF). IRISH STAMPS Collectors News. An Post. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2017.
- ^ Toll from the Turnip Cart (1896), Whytes.
- ^ The Wanderers (1898), Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane.
- ^ Dandelions and Scillas sold through Christie's.
- ^ The Garden Path (1922) sold through Christie's.
- ^ Procession through the bluebells, Sotheby's Art Auction House.
- ^ a b c Other works from websites including The Farmyard, Madonna Lilies, Lilac Phlox.
- ^ a b c Other works from Sotheby's, Art Auction House, including madonna lilies, Peacocks, Summer garden, Edge of the Wood, Sheep grazing in the pasture, Trees by a meadow, The Cottage Garden.
- ^ Side-cars sold through Christie's.
- ^ Foxgloves sold through Christie's.
- ^ Poppies (1904) sold through Christie's.
- ^ The Lily Pond (1897) sold through Christie's.
- ^ In the Conservatory, Kilmurry, Jorgensen Fine Art Gallery.
- ^ In the conservatory sold through Christie's.
- ^ View in Pembroke Street, Dublin sold through Christie's.
- ^ A garden path, probably Kilmurry sold through Christie's.
- ^ a summer's day, Sotheby's Art Auction House.
- ^ Hollyhocks sold through Christie's.
- ^ Low water, Tramore, Waterford (1919) sold through Christie's.
- ^ Station cabbies (1898) sold through Christie's.
- ^ Poppies at Kilmurry: View across a wild Garden; and In flower sold through Christie's.
- ^ Autumn by the Lake (1890) sold through Christie's.
- ^ horses grazing, Sotheby's Art Auction House.
- ^ Peacocks sold through Christie's.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Other works sold through Christie's, Fine Art Auctions, including The Sentinels: Rooks in the snow (1895), A French Chateau (1901), Peacocks at Kilmurry (1910), Threashing in a riverside Field (1910), At Lismore, Co. Waterford (1913), A Summer Border (1914), A bluebell wood, Aix les Bains, A Nap, Kilmurry, Co. Kilkenny, Rose Peany (1916), Cattle grazing, Peacocks, Chucked; Green Eyed Jealousy: Ravens amongst trees (1894), A Cat stalking Pigeons, Young Jackdaws, Peacocks and Peahens on a Sunlit Lawn, Fine Feathers, Crows resting in a snow covered Landscape Christies, Doves at the Edge of a Garden, Kilmurry, Spring Garden (1916).
- ^ a b c d e f Mildred Anne Butler, MutualArt.
- ^ The Spring Garden, Kilmurry sold through Christie's.
- ^ Study of a Delphinium sold through Christie's.
- ^ Sheep in a meadow sold through Christie's.
- ^ The Grinding Wheel, Kilmurry sold through Christie's.
- ^ Cattle grazing, Kilmurry sold through Christie's.
- ^ Edge of the Woods, Sotheby's Art Auction House.
- ^ Cattle in the shade, Kilmurray sold through Christie's.
- ^ Lismore, Waterford sold through Christie's.
- ^ Two cats, Kilmurry sold through Christie's.
- ^ A Trout Stream sold through Christie's.
- ^ Mildred Anne Butler Stamp.
- ^ Royal Academy ArchivesRAA/PD/12(1) Chantrey Bequest acquisitions 1877-1931.
Further reading
[edit]- Chamot, Mary; Dennis Farr; Martin Butlin (1964), The Modern British Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture, vol. I, London: Oldbourne Press, OCLC 503229940, OL 14812923M.
- Crookshank, Anne; National Gallery of Ireland (May 1992), Mildred Anne Butler, 1858-1941 (Lives of Irish Artists), Dublin: Town House, ISBN 978-0-948524-37-0.
- Huish, Marcus B. (1904), "Mildred Anne Butler, A.R.W.S", British water-colour art in the first year of the reign of King Edward the Seventh and during the century covered by the life of the Royal society of painters in water colours / illustrated by the collection of drawings dedicated by that Society to Their Majesties the King and Queen at their coronation (First ed.), The Fine art Society, A. & C. Black, p. 94, ISBN 978-1-4437-6842-9.
- National Gallery of Ireland, Irish Women Artists 1987
- County Life v.182, 25 August 1988, 124
- Desmond, Ray (1994) Dictionary of British and Irish botanists and horticulturists: including plant collectors, flower painters, and garden designers
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