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{{short description|Sufi saint}}
{{Short description|Punjabi poet, Sufi mystic, and scholar (1630–1691)}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Sultan Bahoo
| name = Sultan Bahu
| native_name = {{nq|سُلطان باھُو }}
| caption = Shrine of Sultan Bahu
| native_name = {{nq|سُلطان باہوُ}}
| image = darbarsharif.jpg
| image_size =
| image = Shrine of bahu.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Shrine of Sultan Bahoo
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 17 January 1630
| birth_date = 17 January 1630
| birth_place = [[Shorkot]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br/>(now [[Pakistan]])
| birth_place = [[Shorkot]], [[Subah of Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| death_date = 1 March 1691
| death_date = {{death date and age|1691|3|1|1630|1|17|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Jhang]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| death_place = [[Jhang]], Subah of Lahore, Mughal Empire
| body_discovered =
| body_discovered =
| death_cause =
| death_cause =
| resting_place = [[Garh Maharaja]], [[Punjab]]
| resting_place = [[#Shrine|Darbar Sultan Bahu]], [[Garh Maharaja]]
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| residence =
| nationality = Punjabi
| nationality =
| citizenship = [[Mughal Empire]]
| citizenship =
| other_names =
| other_name =
| known_for = [[Sufi poetry]]
| known_for = [[Sufi poetry, Mysticism, Divine Vision, Faqr and Islam]]
| education =
| education =
| notable works =
| notable works = Mysticism, Faqr, Divine Vision, Mystic Poetry, great role in spreading of Islam and Islamic mysticism
| occupation =
| occupation =
| years_active =
| years_active =
| home_town =
| predecessor =
| title = Sultan ul Arifeen (King of mystics)
Sultan ul Faqr
Shahbaz e lamakan
Mustafa Sani
Mujtaba Akhir zamani
| predecessor = [[Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi]]
| successor = Syed Mohammad Abdullah Shah Madni Jilani
| successor = Syed Mohammad Abdullah Shah Madni Jilani
| major_shrine =
| spouse =
| spouse =
| partner =
| partner =
| children =
| children =
| father = Bazayd Muhammad
| father = Bayazid Muhammad
| mother = Mai Rasti
| mother = Mai Rasti-Quds-Sara
| relations =
| relations =
| Titles =
}}
}}
{{Sufism|Notable early}}
{{Sufism|Notable early}}


'''Sultan Muhammad Awan''',{{efn|{{langx|pa|{{nq|سُلطان مُحَمَّد اعوان}}}}}} known popularly as '''Sultān Bāhū'''{{efn|{{langx|pa|{{nq|سُلطان باہُو}}}}, ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਬਾਹੂ}} (also spelled as '''Bahoo'''; {{IPA-pa|sʊltaːn baːɦuː|lang}}; 17 January 1630 – 1 March 1691), was a [[Punjabi Muslims|Punjabi Muslim]] [[Islamic poetry|poet]], [[Sufi mystic|Sufi]], [[Ulama|scholar]], and [[historian]] of the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kamal Aziz|first=Khursheed|title=The Pakistani Historian|publisher=Vanguard|others=Original from the University of Michigan|year=1993}}</ref> Renowned for his mystical poetry, he was active during the reigns of [[Mughal emperor]]s [[Shah Jahan]] and [[Aurangzeb]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Syed Ahmad Saeed Hamadani |title=Sultan Bahu Life & Work}}</ref><ref name="DT" />
'''Sultan Bahoo''' ({{lang-pa|{{nq|سُلطان باھُو }}}}; also spelled '''Bahoo'''; ca 1630–1691) was a [[Sufi]] [[mysticism|mystic]],also called as '''King of mystics''', [[poet]], [[scholar]] and one of the greatest Saints who was active during the [[Mughal empire]] mostly in the [[Punjab]] region (present-day [[Pakistan]]). In [[mysticism]] he is regarded as a leader. He belonged to [[Qadiri]] [[Sufi order]],<ref>{{cite book|title=The Friends of God: Sufi Saints in Islam, Popular Poster Art from Pakistan|author=Jürgen Wasim Frembgen|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wzzYAAAAMAAJ|page=103|isbn=9780195470062}}</ref> and started the mystic tradition known as [[Sarwari Qadiri]].<ref name=DT/>


Little is known about Bahu's life, other than what is written in a [[hagiography]] called ''Manaqib-i Sultani'', which was written by one of Bahu's descendants seven generations after Bahu's own time.<ref name="Bāhū1998">{{cite book|author=Sult̤ān Bāhū|title=Death Before Dying: The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GlECx1j0B4IC|year=1998|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-92046-0}}</ref> According to these records, he was born in [[Shorkot]] into the [[Awan (tribe)|Awan]] tribe.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kumar |first=Raj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e8o5HyC0-FUC&pg=PA187 |title=Encyclopaedia of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval and Modern |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |year=2008 |isbn=9788178356648 |page=187 |access-date=6 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="frembgen">{{cite book |last=Frembgen |first=Jürgen Wasim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wzzYAAAAMAAJ |title=The Friends of God: Sufi Saints in Islam, Popular Poster Art from Pakistan |date=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195470062 |page=103}}</ref> He was son of Bayazid Muhammad, an officer in the [[Mughal Army]], and Rasti.<ref>{{cite book|title=Ganj ul Asrar|author=Sultan Bahu|translator=Hafiz Hamad Ur Rahman|publisher=Sultan ul Faqr Publications|date=29 March 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=12EMCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|page=12|isbn=9789699795213}}</ref> He belonged to [[Qadiri]] [[Sufi order]],<ref name="frembgen" /> and started the mystic tradition known as [[Sarwari Qadiri]].<ref name="DT" />
There is no real picture of Sultan Bahoo present. Beacuse first proper image was taken in 19th century while his era was of 17th century, so any picture which is attributed to Sultan Bahoo is fake.


⚫
More than forty books on Sufism are attributed to him (mostly written in [[Persian language|Persian]]), largely dealing with specialised aspects of [[Islam]] and Islamic mysticism. However, it was his [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] poetry which had popular appeal and earned him lasting fame.<ref name="Bāhū1998"/>{{rp|14}} His verses are sung in many genres of Sufi music, including [[qawwali]] and [[kafi]], and tradition has established a unique style of singing his couplets.<ref name="Bāhū1998"/>{{rp|14}}
About Sultan Bahoo's life, there is written in a [[hagiography]] called ''Manaqib-i Sultani'', which was written by one of Bahoo's descendants seven generations after Bahoo's own time.<ref name="Bāhū1998">{{cite book|author=Sult̤ān Bāhū|title=Death Before Dying: The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GlECx1j0B4IC|year=1998|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-92046-0}}</ref>

Sultan Bahoo's father was Bazayd Muhammad, who was an Army Officer in the [[Mughal Army]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Ganj ul Asrar|author=Sultan Bahu|translator=Hafiz Hamad Ur Rahman|publisher=Sultan ul Faqr Publications|date=29 Mar 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=12EMCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|page=12|isbn=9789699795213}}</ref> His mother Mai Rasti was also a great saint. Sultan Bahoo was born in [[Shore Kot|Shorekot]], [[Jhang]], in the current Punjab Province of Pakistan. He belonged to [[Awan (tribe)|Awan]] Tribe.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Friends of God: Sufi Saints in Islam, Popular Poster Art from Pakistan|author=Jürgen Wasim Frembgen|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wzzYAAAAMAAJ|page=103|isbn=9780195470062}}</ref> Almost one hundred and forty books on [[Sufism]] are attributed to him (mostly written in [[Persian language|Persian]]), largely dealing with specialised aspects of Islam and [[Islamic mysticism]]. He lived during the reigns of [[Mughal emperor]]s [[Shah Jahan]] and [[Aurangzeb]] in the 17th century.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sultan Bahu Life & Work|author=Syed Ahmad Saeed Hamadani}}</ref><ref name="DT" />

⚫
His [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] poetry is very popular and earned him lasting fame.<ref name="Bāhū1998" />{{rp|14}} His verses are sung in many genres of Sufi music, including [[qawwali]] and [[kafi]], and tradition has established a unique style of singing his couplets.<ref name="Bāhū1998" />{{rp|14}}


==Education==
==Education==
Sultan Bahoo was a saint and mystic by birth. Sultan Bahoo's first teacher was his mother, Mai Rasti. She pushed him to seek spiritual guidance from Shah Habib Gilani.<ref name=DT>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/491621/metaphysics-of-sultan-bahu-dedicated-to-those-with-clear-concepts-of-philosophy/ |date=30 October 2019|title=Metaphysics of Sultan Bahu dedicated to those with clear concepts of philosophy|author=Amjad Parvez|newspaper=Daily Times (newspaper)|access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
Sultan Bahu's first teacher was his mother, Mai Rasti. She pushed him to seek spiritual guidance from Shah Habib Gilani.<ref name=DT>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/491621/metaphysics-of-sultan-bahu-dedicated-to-those-with-clear-concepts-of-philosophy/ |date=30 October 2019|title=Metaphysics of Sultan Bahu dedicated to those with clear concepts of philosophy|first=Amjad |last=Parvez|newspaper=Daily Times (newspaper)|access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>


Around 1668, Sultan Bahoo moved to [[Delhi]] for further training under the guidance of [[Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi]], a notable Sufi saint of the [[Qadiriyya]] order, and thereafter returned to Punjab where he spent the rest of his life.<ref name=DT/>
Around 1668, Sultan Bahu moved to [[Delhi]] for further training under the guidance of [[Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi]], a notable Sufi saint of the [[Qadiriyya]] order, and thereafter returned to [[Punjab]] where he spent the rest of his life.<ref name=DT/>


==Literary works==
==Literary works==
The exact number of books written by Sultan Bahu is not known, but it is assumed to be at least one hundred. Forty of them are on Sufism and Islamic mysticism. Most of his writings are in the [[Persian language]] except ''Abyat-e-Bahu'' which is written in [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] verse.<ref>Sultan Hamid Ali,"Manaqib-i Sultani" Malik Chanan Din Publishers (Regd) Lahore Pakistan 1956</ref>
The exact number of books written by Sultan Bahu is not known, but it is assumed to be at least one hundred. Forty of them are on Sufism and Islamic mysticism. Most of his writings are in the Persian language except ''Abyat-e-Bahu'' which is in Punjabi verse.<ref>Sultan Hamid Ali,"Manaqib-i Sultani" Malik Chanan Din Publishers (Regd) Lahore Pakistan 1956</ref>


Only the following books written by Sultan Bahu can be found today:
Only the following books written by Sultan Bahu can be found today:

{{div col | small=yes| colwidth=22em}}
{{div col | small=yes| colwidth=22em}}
* ''Abyat e Bahu''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnaorg.com/poetry/bahu/ |author=Muhammad Sharif Sabir|title=Complete Book of Poems by Sultan Bahu|website=Academy of the Punjab in North America (APNA)|access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
* ''Abyat e Bahu''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnaorg.com/poetry/bahu/ |author=[[Sharif Sabir|Muhammad Sharif Sabir]]|title=Complete Book of Poems by Sultan Bahu|website=Academy of the Punjab in North America (APNA)|access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
* ''Risala e Ruhi''
* ''Risala e Ruhi''
* ''Sultan ul Waham''
* ''Sultan ul Waham''
* ''Nur ul Huda''
* ''Nur ul Khuda''
* ''Aql e Baidar''
* ''Aql e Baidar''
* ''Mahq ul Faqr''
* ''Mahq ul Faqr''
* ''Aurang e Shahi''
* ''Aurang e Shahi''
* ''Jami ul Israr''
* ''Jami ul Israr''
* ''Taufiq e Hidiyat''
* ''Taufiq e Hidayat''
* ''Kalid Tauheed''
* ''Kalid Tauheed''
* ''Ain ul Faqr''<ref name=rekhta/>
* ''Ain ul Faqr''<ref name=rekhta/>
Line 81: Line 66:
* ''Kaleed e Jannat''
* ''Kaleed e Jannat''
* ''Muhqam ul Faqr''
* ''Muhqam ul Faqr''
* ''Majalis un Nabi''
* ''Majlis un Nabi''
* ''Muftah ul Arifeen''
* ''Muftah ul Arifeen''
* ''Hujjat ul Israr''
* ''Hujjat ul Israr''
Line 92: Line 77:


== Spiritual lineage ==
== Spiritual lineage ==
In his writings, Sultan Bahu refers to [[Abdul Qadir Jilani]] as his spiritual master, even though Jilani died long before the birth of Sultan Bahu. However, most Sufis maintain that Abdul Qadir Jilani plays a special role in the [[mysticism|mystic]] world and that all orders and saints are forever indebted to him in some way either directly or indirectly.<ref>{{cite book |last=S. Padam |first=Piara |title=Dohrhe Sultan Bahu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTGhYgEACAAJ |publisher=s. n. |orig-year=1st. Pub. 1984|year=1984 }}</ref> While acknowledging that he is a follower of Jilani's [[Qadiriyya]] tradition, Sultan Bahu initiated an offshoot of his own which he named ''Sarwari Qadiri''.
Mian Taj Muhammad was successor of Sultan Bahu as his spiritual master, however Mian Taj Muhammad was born long after the death of Sultan bahu.<ref>{{cite book |last=S. Padam |first=Piara |title=Dohrhe Sultan Bahu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTGhYgEACAAJ |publisher=s. n. |orig-year=1st. Pub. 1984|year=1984 }}</ref> Bahu was follower of Abdul Qadir Jilani's [[Qadiriyya]] tradition, Sultan Bahu initiated an offshoot of his own which he named ''Sarwari Qadiri''.

⚫
Bahu's Sarwari Qadiri tradition (or [[Sufi order]]) is similar in its overall philosophy to the Qadiri order.<ref name=TNI>[https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/520931-urs-of-sultan-bahu-begins Urs of Sultan Bahu begins] The News International (newspaper), Published 2 September 2019, Retrieved 18 May 2020</ref> Unlike many other Sufi orders, the Sarwari Qadiri tradition does not prescribe a specific dress code, ascetic practices, breathing exercises, etc. Instead, it focuses on practicing mental exercises.

According to tradition, the lineage reaches Sultan Bahu as follows:<ref name=TNI/>


⚫
According to tradition, the lineage reaches Mian Taj Muhammad as follows:<ref name=TNI>[https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/520931-urs-of-sultan-bahu-begins "Urs of Sultan Bahu begins"] ''The News International'' (newspaper), Published 2 September 2019, Retrieved 18 May 2020</ref>
{{div col | small=yes| colwidth=22em}}
{{div col | small=yes| colwidth=22em}}
# [[Muhammad]]
# [[Muhammad]]
Line 124: Line 106:
#[[Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi]]
#[[Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi]]
# Sultan Bahu
# Sultan Bahu
# Mian Taj Muhammad
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


The Sultan Bahu tradition is still practiced to this day by Sultan Bahu's successors.
The Sultan Bahu's tradition is still practised to this day by Mian Taj's successors.


==Shrine==
==Shrine==
[[File:Shrine Of Hazrat Sultan Bahu R.A.jpg|alt=|thumb|Shrine of Sultan Bahu near Jhang, Pakistan]]


The [[shrine]] of Sultan Bahu is located in [[Garh Maharaja]], Punjab.<ref name="Dehlvi">{{cite book|author=Sadia Dehlvi|title=Sufism: Heart of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zw_Q2Rbh7yIC&pg=PT185|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-93-5029-448-2|pages=185–|date=2013-12-01}}</ref> It was originally built on Bahu's gravesite until the [[Chenab River]] changed its course causing the need to relocate twice and as witnessed by those present at the time of relocation, claimed that his body was, in fact, still intact at the time.<ref name="Dehlvi"/> It is a popular Sufi shrine, and the annual ''[[Urs]]'' festival commemorating his death is celebrated there with great fervor on the first Thursday of [[Jumada al-Thani]] month. People come from far-off places to join the celebrations.<ref>Book Name: Tareekh-e-Jhang, Author: Iqbal Zuberi, Publisher: Jhang Adibi Academy, Jhang Sadar, Pakistan, First Edition, Date: 2002</ref><ref name=TNI/>
The [[shrine]] of Sultan Bahu is located in [[Garh Maharaja]], Punjab.<ref name="Dehlvi">{{cite book|author=Sadia Dehlvi|title=Sufism: Heart of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zw_Q2Rbh7yIC&pg=PT185|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-93-5029-448-2|pages=185–|date=1 December 2013}}</ref> It was originally built on Bahu's grave site until the [[Chenab River]] changed its course causing the need to relocate twice and as witnessed by those present at the time of relocation, claims that his body was still intact at the time.<ref name="Dehlvi"/> It is a popular Sufi shrine, and the annual ''[[Urs]]'' festival commemorating his death is celebrated there with great fervour on the first Thursday of [[Jumada al-Thani]] month. People come from far-off places to join the celebrations.<ref>Book Name: ''Tareekh-e-Jhang'', Author: Iqbal Zuberi, Publisher: Jhang Adibi Academy, Jhang Sadar, Pakistan, First Edition, Date: 2002</ref><ref name=TNI/>


Sultan Bahu also used to hold an annual Urs to commemorate the martyrs of [[Karbala]] from the 1st to the 10th day of the month of [[Muharram]]. This tradition continues to this day and every year, thousands of [[pilgrim]]s visit the shrine during the first 10 days of Muharram.<ref name=TNI/>
Sultan Bahu also used to hold an annual Urs to commemorate the martyrs of [[Karbala]] from the 1st to the 10th day of the month of [[Muharram]]. This tradition continues to this day and every year, thousands of [[pilgrim]]s visit the shrine during the first ten days of Muharram.<ref name=TNI/>

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 153: Line 138:
[[Category:1630 births]]
[[Category:1630 births]]
[[Category:1691 deaths]]
[[Category:1691 deaths]]
[[Category:Persian-language poets]]
[[Category:17th-century Persian-language poets]]
[[Category:Punjabi-language poets]]
[[Category:Punjabi-language poets]]
[[Category:Punjabi Sufi saints]]
[[Category:Punjabi Sufi saints]]

Latest revision as of 23:52, 10 November 2024

Sultan Bahu
سُلطان باہوُ
Shrine of Sultan Bahu
Born17 January 1630
Shorkot, Subah of Lahore, Mughal Empire
Died1 March 1691(1691-03-01) (aged 61)
Jhang, Subah of Lahore, Mughal Empire
Resting placeDarbar Sultan Bahu, Garh Maharaja
NationalityPunjabi
CitizenshipMughal Empire
Known forSufi poetry
SuccessorSyed Mohammad Abdullah Shah Madni Jilani
Parents
  • Bayazid Muhammad (father)
  • Mai Rasti-Quds-Sara (mother)
Part of a series on Islam
Sufism
Tomb of Abdul Qadir Gilani, Baghdad, Iraq
Ideas
Practices
Sufi orders
List of sufis
Topics in Sufism
Islam portal

Sultan Muhammad Awan,[a] known popularly as Sultān Bāhū[b] (also spelled as Bahoo; Punjabi: [sʊltaːn baːɦuː]; 17 January 1630 – 1 March 1691), was a Punjabi Muslim poet, Sufi, scholar, and historian of the 17th century.[1] Renowned for his mystical poetry, he was active during the reigns of Mughal emperors Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb.[2][3]

Little is known about Bahu's life, other than what is written in a hagiography called Manaqib-i Sultani, which was written by one of Bahu's descendants seven generations after Bahu's own time.[4] According to these records, he was born in Shorkot into the Awan tribe.[5][6] He was son of Bayazid Muhammad, an officer in the Mughal Army, and Rasti.[7] He belonged to Qadiri Sufi order,[6] and started the mystic tradition known as Sarwari Qadiri.[3]

More than forty books on Sufism are attributed to him (mostly written in Persian), largely dealing with specialised aspects of Islam and Islamic mysticism. However, it was his Punjabi poetry which had popular appeal and earned him lasting fame.[4]: 14  His verses are sung in many genres of Sufi music, including qawwali and kafi, and tradition has established a unique style of singing his couplets.[4]: 14 

Education

[edit]

Sultan Bahu's first teacher was his mother, Mai Rasti. She pushed him to seek spiritual guidance from Shah Habib Gilani.[3]

Around 1668, Sultan Bahu moved to Delhi for further training under the guidance of Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi, a notable Sufi saint of the Qadiriyya order, and thereafter returned to Punjab where he spent the rest of his life.[3]

Literary works

[edit]

The exact number of books written by Sultan Bahu is not known, but it is assumed to be at least one hundred. Forty of them are on Sufism and Islamic mysticism. Most of his writings are in the Persian language except Abyat-e-Bahu which is in Punjabi verse.[8]

Only the following books written by Sultan Bahu can be found today:

  • Abyat e Bahu[9]
  • Risala e Ruhi
  • Sultan ul Waham
  • Nur ul Khuda
  • Aql e Baidar
  • Mahq ul Faqr
  • Aurang e Shahi
  • Jami ul Israr
  • Taufiq e Hidayat
  • Kalid Tauheed
  • Ain ul Faqr[10]
  • Israr e Qadri[10]
  • Kaleed e Jannat
  • Muhqam ul Faqr
  • Majlis un Nabi
  • Muftah ul Arifeen
  • Hujjat ul Israr
  • Kashf ul Israar
  • Mahabat ul Israr
  • Ganj ul Israr
  • Fazl ul Liqa
  • Dewaan e Bahu[10]

Spiritual lineage

[edit]

Mian Taj Muhammad was successor of Sultan Bahu as his spiritual master, however Mian Taj Muhammad was born long after the death of Sultan bahu.[11] Bahu was follower of Abdul Qadir Jilani's Qadiriyya tradition, Sultan Bahu initiated an offshoot of his own which he named Sarwari Qadiri.

According to tradition, the lineage reaches Mian Taj Muhammad as follows:[12]

  1. Muhammad
  2. Ali ibn Abi Talib
  3. Hasan al Basri
  4. Habib al Ajami
  5. Dawud Tai
  6. Maruf Karkhi
  7. Sirri Saqti
  8. Junaid Baghdadi
  9. Abu Bakr Shibli
  10. Abdul Aziz bin Hars bin Asad Yemeni Tamimi
  11. Abu Al Fazal Abdul Wahid Yemeni Tamimi
  12. Mohammad Yousaf Abu al-Farah Tartusi
  13. Abu-al-Hassan Ali Bin Mohammad Qureshi Hankari
  14. Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi
  15. Abdul Qadir Jilani
  16. Abdul Razzaq Jilani
  17. Abdul Jabbar Jilani
  18. Syed Mohammad Sadiq Yahya
  19. Najm-ud-Din Burhan Puri
  20. Abdul Fattah
  21. Abdul Sattar
  22. Abdul Baqqa
  23. Abdul Jaleel
  24. Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi
  25. Sultan Bahu
  26. Mian Taj Muhammad

The Sultan Bahu's tradition is still practised to this day by Mian Taj's successors.

Shrine

[edit]

The shrine of Sultan Bahu is located in Garh Maharaja, Punjab.[13] It was originally built on Bahu's grave site until the Chenab River changed its course causing the need to relocate twice and as witnessed by those present at the time of relocation, claims that his body was still intact at the time.[13] It is a popular Sufi shrine, and the annual Urs festival commemorating his death is celebrated there with great fervour on the first Thursday of Jumada al-Thani month. People come from far-off places to join the celebrations.[14][12]

Sultan Bahu also used to hold an annual Urs to commemorate the martyrs of Karbala from the 1st to the 10th day of the month of Muharram. This tradition continues to this day and every year, thousands of pilgrims visit the shrine during the first ten days of Muharram.[12]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Punjabi: سُلطان مُحَمَّد اعوان
  2. ^ Punjabi: سُلطان باہُو, ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਬਾਹੂ

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Kamal Aziz, Khursheed (1993). The Pakistani Historian. Original from the University of Michigan. Vanguard.
  2. ^ Syed Ahmad Saeed Hamadani. Sultan Bahu Life & Work.
  3. ^ a b c d Parvez, Amjad (30 October 2019). "Metaphysics of Sultan Bahu dedicated to those with clear concepts of philosophy". Daily Times (newspaper). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Sult̤ān Bāhū (1998). Death Before Dying: The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-92046-0.
  5. ^ Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval and Modern. Gyan Publishing House. p. 187. ISBN 9788178356648. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  6. ^ a b Frembgen, Jürgen Wasim (2006). The Friends of God: Sufi Saints in Islam, Popular Poster Art from Pakistan. Oxford University Press. p. 103. ISBN 9780195470062.
  7. ^ Sultan Bahu (29 March 2015). Ganj ul Asrar. Translated by Hafiz Hamad Ur Rahman. Sultan ul Faqr Publications. p. 12. ISBN 9789699795213.
  8. ^ Sultan Hamid Ali,"Manaqib-i Sultani" Malik Chanan Din Publishers (Regd) Lahore Pakistan 1956
  9. ^ Muhammad Sharif Sabir. "Complete Book of Poems by Sultan Bahu". Academy of the Punjab in North America (APNA). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  10. ^ a b c Sultan Bahu books on Rekhta.org website Retrieved 18 May 2020
  11. ^ S. Padam, Piara (1984) [1st. Pub. 1984]. Dohrhe Sultan Bahu. s. n.
  12. ^ a b c "Urs of Sultan Bahu begins" The News International (newspaper), Published 2 September 2019, Retrieved 18 May 2020
  13. ^ a b Sadia Dehlvi (1 December 2013). Sufism: Heart of Islam. HarperCollins Publishers. pp. 185–. ISBN 978-93-5029-448-2.
  14. ^ Book Name: Tareekh-e-Jhang, Author: Iqbal Zuberi, Publisher: Jhang Adibi Academy, Jhang Sadar, Pakistan, First Edition, Date: 2002
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