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|1blankname = Chair
|1blankname = Chair
|1namedata = [[Otto Niemeyer]]<br>[[Ernst Weber (banker)|Ernst Weber]]
|1namedata = [[Otto Niemeyer]]<br>[[Ernst Weber (banker)|Ernst Weber]]
|1blankname1 = General Manager
|1blankname1 = {{nowrap|General Manager}}
|1namedata1 = [[Roger Auboin]]
|1namedata1 = [[Roger Auboin]]
|term_start = January 1940
|term_start = January 1940
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== Career ==
== Career ==
McKittrick was educated at [[Harvard University]] and graduated in 1911. He joined the [[Citibank|National City Bank]] in 1916, assigned to assist in opening a branch of the bank in Genoa, [[Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~bak00058|title=Bibliographical Note to Thomas Harrington McKittrick papers, 1924-1946|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> He served in the [[American Expeditionary Forces on the Western Front (World War I) order of battle|American Expeditionary Force]] during [[World War I]]. In the interwar years he was a banker with [[Lee, Higginson & Co.|Lee, Higginson & Co]].
McKittrick was educated at [[Harvard University]] and graduated in 1911. He joined the [[Citibank|National City Bank]] in 1916, assigned to assist in opening a branch of the bank in Geneva, [[Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~bak00058|title=Bibliographical Note to Thomas Harrington McKittrick papers, 1924-1946|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> He served in the [[American Expeditionary Forces on the Western Front (World War I) order of battle|American Expeditionary Force]] during [[World War I]]. In the interwar years he was a banker with [[Lee, Higginson & Co.|Lee, Higginson & Co]].


McKittrick was president of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) from 1940 to June 1943, under the chairmanship of [[Otto Niemeyer]] and Ernst Weber.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.snb.ch/en/mmr/reference/hist_bios_dm_weber/source/hist_bios_dm_weber.en.pdf|title=Swiss National Bank Biography|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> BIS, intended to facilitate effective monetary co-operation, declared its neutrality in [[World War II]]. After the war was declared in September 1939, it was no longer possible for representatives of [[Germany]], [[France]] or the [[United Kingdom]] to attend BIS meetings.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bis.org/about/history_2ww2.htm|title=BIS history - the BIS and the Second World War (1939-48)|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> Due to the commencement of hostilities in France, only a few miles from BIS headquarters in [[Basel]], [[Switzerland]], McKittrick was the only member of its assembly to attend the May 1940 annual meeting.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/22/archives/th-mkittrick-world-financier-head-of-international-bank-during.html|title=T. H. M'Kittrick, world financier|last=|first=|date=22 January 1970|website=|publisher=|access-date=|work=New York Times}}</ref>
McKittrick was president of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) from 1940 to June 1943, under the chairmanship of [[Otto Niemeyer]] and Ernst Weber.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.snb.ch/en/mmr/reference/hist_bios_dm_weber/source/hist_bios_dm_weber.en.pdf|title=Swiss National Bank Biography|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> BIS, intended to facilitate effective monetary co-operation, declared its neutrality in [[World War II]]. After the war was declared in September 1939, it was no longer possible for representatives of [[Germany]], [[France]] or the [[United Kingdom]] to attend BIS meetings.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bis.org/about/history_2ww2.htm|title=BIS history - the BIS and the Second World War (1939-48)|last=|first=|date=14 October 2014|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> Due to the commencement of hostilities in France, only a few miles from BIS headquarters in [[Basel]], [[Switzerland]], McKittrick was the only member of its assembly to attend the May 1940 annual meeting.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/22/archives/th-mkittrick-world-financier-head-of-international-bank-during.html|title=T. H. M'Kittrick, world financier|last=|first=|date=22 January 1970|publisher=|access-date=|work=New York Times}}</ref>


McKittrick was a family friend of [[Allen Dulles]], a [[Office of Strategic Services|US intelligence]] officer also based in Switzerland during World War II.<ref>See telegram Marjorie McKittrick to Thomas McKittrick, September 25, 1945. Series 1, Carton 5, Folder 2, Reel 6, Thomas H. McKittrick Papers.</ref> Dulles later became a Director of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].
McKittrick was a family friend of [[Allen Dulles]], a [[Office of Strategic Services|US intelligence]] officer also based in Switzerland during World War II.<ref>See telegram Marjorie McKittrick to Thomas McKittrick, September 25, 1945. Series 1, Carton 5, Folder 2, Reel 6, Thomas H. McKittrick Papers.</ref> Dulles later became a Director of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].
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In 1941 [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] magazine claimed that [[Germany]] had gained control of BIS by purchasing shares from other shareholders. McKittrick denied allegations that the bank was being used to escape the foreign funds controls put in place by the US Government against the [[Axis powers]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dRKMeIM6EcC|title=U. S. and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen Or Hidden by Germany During World War II|last=Slany|first=William Z.|date=1997-07-01|publisher=DIANE Publishing|isbn=9780788145360|language=en}}</ref> During [[World War II]] BIS received [[gold]] as interest payments from the German [[Reichsbank|Reichstag]] which later investigations showed had been looted from the central banks of [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]].<ref name=":1" /> McKittrick was re-elected to the post of president of the BIS in 1942.<ref name=":2" />
In 1941 [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] magazine claimed that [[Germany]] had gained control of BIS by purchasing shares from other shareholders. McKittrick denied allegations that the bank was being used to escape the foreign funds controls put in place by the US Government against the [[Axis powers]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dRKMeIM6EcC|title=U. S. and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen Or Hidden by Germany During World War II|last=Slany|first=William Z.|date=1997-07-01|publisher=DIANE Publishing|isbn=9780788145360|language=en}}</ref> During [[World War II]] BIS received [[gold]] as interest payments from the German [[Reichsbank|Reichstag]] which later investigations showed had been looted from the central banks of [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]].<ref name=":1" /> McKittrick was re-elected to the post of president of the BIS in 1942.<ref name=":2" />


From 1946 to 1954 McKittrick worked for the [[Chase National Bank]], becoming a senior vice president and director. He headed a survey mission for the [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] to [[India]] in the 1950s. He died on January 21, 1970 in [[Newton, New Jersey]].<ref name=":0" />
From 1946 to 1954 McKittrick worked for the [[Chase National Bank]], becoming a senior vice president and director. He headed a survey mission for the [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] to [[India]] in the 1950s. He died on January 21, 1970, in [[Newton, New Jersey]].<ref name=":0" />

==Archives and records==
*[http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HBS.Baker.EAD:bak00058 Thomas H. McKittrick papers] at Baker Library Special Collections, Harvard Business School.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


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[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:American bankers]]
[[Category:American bankers]]


[[Category:American collaborators with Nazi Germany]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Saint Louis University School of Law alumni]]



{{US-business-bio-stub}}
{{US-business-bio-1880s-stub}}

Latest revision as of 00:53, 11 November 2024

Thomas McKittrick
President of the Bank for International Settlements
In office
January 1940 – June 1946
ChairOtto Niemeyer
Ernst Weber
General ManagerRoger Auboin
Preceded byJohan Beyen
Succeeded byMaurice Frère (1948)
Personal details
Born(1889-04-14)April 14, 1889
St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
DiedJanuary 21, 1970(1970-01-21) (aged 80)
Newton, New Jersey, U.S.
EducationHarvard University (BA)
St. Louis University (LLB)

Thomas Harrington McKittrick (1889–1970) was an American banker and president of the Bank for International Settlements during World War II whose close relationship with Hitler's Third Reich has stirred controversy.

Career

[edit]

McKittrick was educated at Harvard University and graduated in 1911. He joined the National City Bank in 1916, assigned to assist in opening a branch of the bank in Geneva, Switzerland.[1] He served in the American Expeditionary Force during World War I. In the interwar years he was a banker with Lee, Higginson & Co.

McKittrick was president of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) from 1940 to June 1943, under the chairmanship of Otto Niemeyer and Ernst Weber.[2] BIS, intended to facilitate effective monetary co-operation, declared its neutrality in World War II. After the war was declared in September 1939, it was no longer possible for representatives of Germany, France or the United Kingdom to attend BIS meetings.[3] Due to the commencement of hostilities in France, only a few miles from BIS headquarters in Basel, Switzerland, McKittrick was the only member of its assembly to attend the May 1940 annual meeting.[4]

McKittrick was a family friend of Allen Dulles, a US intelligence officer also based in Switzerland during World War II.[5] Dulles later became a Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.

In 1941 Fortune magazine claimed that Germany had gained control of BIS by purchasing shares from other shareholders. McKittrick denied allegations that the bank was being used to escape the foreign funds controls put in place by the US Government against the Axis powers.[6] During World War II BIS received gold as interest payments from the German Reichstag which later investigations showed had been looted from the central banks of Belgium and the Netherlands.[3] McKittrick was re-elected to the post of president of the BIS in 1942.[6]

From 1946 to 1954 McKittrick worked for the Chase National Bank, becoming a senior vice president and director. He headed a survey mission for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development to India in the 1950s. He died on January 21, 1970, in Newton, New Jersey.[4]

Archives and records

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Bibliographical Note to Thomas Harrington McKittrick papers, 1924-1946".
  2. ^ "Swiss National Bank Biography" (PDF).
  3. ^ a b "BIS history - the BIS and the Second World War (1939-48)". 14 October 2014.
  4. ^ a b "T. H. M'Kittrick, world financier". New York Times. 22 January 1970.
  5. ^ See telegram Marjorie McKittrick to Thomas McKittrick, September 25, 1945. Series 1, Carton 5, Folder 2, Reel 6, Thomas H. McKittrick Papers.
  6. ^ a b Slany, William Z. (1997-07-01). U. S. and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen Or Hidden by Germany During World War II. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 9780788145360.
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by President of the Bank for International Settlements
1940–1946 		Vacant
Title next held by
Maurice Frère


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