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{{Short description|Formula One racing car}}
{{Short description|Formula One racing car}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox racing car
{{Infobox racing car
| Car_name = McLaren M23
| Car_name = McLaren M23<br>McLaren M23D
| Image = [[File:Emerson Fittipaldi McLaren M23 1974 Britain.jpg|255px]]<br>{{smaller|[[Emerson Fittipaldi]] in the [[McLaren (racing)|McLaren]] M23 at the [[1974 British Grand Prix]].}}
| Image = [[File:Emerson Fittipaldi McLaren M23 1974 Britain.jpg|255px]]<br />{{smaller|[[Emerson Fittipaldi]] in the [[McLaren (racing)|McLaren]] M23 at the [[1974 British Grand Prix]].}}
| Category = [[Formula One]]
| Category = [[Formula One]]
| WC_results_only = Y
| WC_results_only = Y
| Constructor = [[McLaren|McLaren Racing]]
| Constructor = [[McLaren|McLaren Racing]]
| Designer = [[Gordon Coppuck]] <br> [[John Barnard]] <br> [[Ray Stokoe]]
| Designer = [[Gordon Coppuck]] <br /> [[John Barnard]] <br /> [[Ray Stokoe]]
| Predecessor = [[McLaren M19A|M19C]]
| Predecessor = [[McLaren M19A|M19C]]
| Successor = [[McLaren M26|M26]]
| Successor = [[McLaren M26|M26]]
| Team = [[Yardley of London|Yardley]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]<br>[[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team]] [[Texaco]]<br>[[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| Team = [[Yardley of London|Yardley]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]<br />[[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team]] [[Texaco]]<br />[[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| Drivers = {{flagicon|NZL}} [[Denny Hulme]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Peter Revson]]<br>{{flagicon|FRG}} [[Jochen Mass]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Mike Hailwood]]<br>{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[James Hunt]]
| Drivers = {{flagicon|NZL}} [[Denny Hulme]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Peter Revson]]<br />{{flagicon|FRG}} [[Jochen Mass]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Mike Hailwood]]<br />{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[James Hunt]]
| Technical ref = <ref name=tech>{{cite web|title= McLaren M23 Cosworth |url= http://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/330/McLaren-M23-Cosworth.html |work= Ultimatecarpage.com |access-date= 25 May 2010}}</ref>
| Technical ref = <ref name=tech>{{cite web|title= McLaren M23 Cosworth |url= http://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/330/McLaren-M23-Cosworth.html |work= Ultimatecarpage.com |access-date= 25 May 2010}}</ref>
| Chassis = [[Aluminium]] [[monocoque]].
| Chassis = [[Aluminium]] [[monocoque]].
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| Turbo/NA = [[Naturally-aspirated engine|naturally aspirated]],
| Turbo/NA = [[Naturally-aspirated engine|naturally aspirated]],
| Engine position = [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout|mid-mounted]].
| Engine position = [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout|mid-mounted]].
| Power = {{cvt|465|hp}} @ 10,800 rpm<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.statsf1.com/en/moteur-ford-cosworth.aspx | title=Engine Ford Cosworth • STATS F1 }}</ref><br />{{cvt|280|lbft}} [[torque]]
| Gearbox name = [[Hewland]] FG400
| Gearbox name = [[Hewland]] FG400
| Gears = 5/6-speed
| Gears = 5/6-speed
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}}
}}


The '''McLaren M23''' was a [[Formula One]] racing car designed by [[Gordon Coppuck]], with input from [[John Barnard]], and built by the [[McLaren]] team. It was a development of the McLaren M16 Indianapolis 500 car. A [[Ford Cosworth DFV]] engine was used, which was prepared by specialist tuning company Nicholson-McLaren Engines. This helped push the DFV's horsepower output to around 490&nbsp;bhp.
The '''McLaren M23''' was a [[Formula One]] racing car designed by [[Gordon Coppuck]], with input from [[John Barnard]], and built by the [[McLaren]] team. It was a development of the [[McLaren M16]] Indianapolis 500 car. A [[Ford Cosworth DFV]] engine was used, which was prepared by specialist tuning company Nicholson-McLaren Engines. This helped push the DFV's horsepower output to around 490&nbsp;bhp.


A total of 13 chassis were built, with serial numbers 1 to 12 and 14. No number 13 chassis was built, as it was deemed to be unlucky.<ref>{{cite magazine |author=n.d.|title=McLaren M23|magazine=Motor Sport|location=United Kingdom|publisher=Motor Sport Magazine Limited |date=March 2019}}</ref>
A total of 13 chassis were built, with serial numbers 1 to 12 and 14. No number 13 chassis was built, as it was deemed to be unlucky.<ref>{{cite magazine |author=n.d.|title=McLaren M23|magazine=Motor Sport|location=United Kingdom|publisher=Motor Sport Magazine Limited |date=March 2019}}</ref>
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===1973===
===1973===
[[File:1973 Mclaren Ford M23 Goodwood, 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Denny Hulme]]'s 1973 McLaren-Ford M23 being demonstrated at the Goodwood Festival of Speed]]
[[File:1973 Mclaren Ford M23 Goodwood, 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Denny Hulme]]'s 1973 McLaren-Ford M23 being demonstrated at the Goodwood Festival of Speed]]
It was introduced for the [[1973 Formula One season|1973 season]], and scored pole position with [[Denny Hulme]] on its very first outing. Hulme and [[Peter Revson]] took three wins between them that season, while rookie [[Jody Scheckter]] nearly added a fourth. Scheckter was responsible for one of the biggest accidents Formula One has ever seen, at the [[1973 British Grand Prix]], when he spun his M23 in front of the pack.
The M19 had reached the end of its development life and a new design was needed to keep pace with the latest generation of Formula One cars and regulations regarding deformable crash protection structures.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://mathewscollection.com/gallery/1972-mclaren-m19-c/ | title=1972 McLaren M19-C - Mathews Collection }}</ref> Taking inspiration from the M16 Indycar and utilising the M19's rear suspension design, the new M23 was introduced for the [[1973 Formula One season|1973 season]], and scored pole position with [[Denny Hulme]] on its very first outing. Hulme and [[Peter Revson]] took three wins between them that season, while rookie [[Jody Scheckter]] nearly added a fourth. Scheckter was responsible for one of the biggest accidents Formula One has ever seen, at the [[1973 British Grand Prix]], when he spun his M23 in front of the pack.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.britishracecar.com/PhilMauger-McLaren-M23.htm | title=Phil Mauger's ex-Denny Hulme 1973 McLaren M23 Formula One Racecar, Serial No. M23/1, Number 7 }}</ref>


===1974===
===1974===
[[File:Yardley McLaren MH0067.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mike Hailwood]] driving a Yardley-liveried McLaren M23 at [[Brands Hatch]] in 1974]]
[[File:Yardley McLaren MH0067.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mike Hailwood]] driving a Yardley-liveried McLaren M23 at [[Brands Hatch]] in 1974]]
[[Emerson Fittipaldi]] joined McLaren from [[Team Lotus|Lotus]] in {{F1|1974}}. His knowledge of the [[Lotus 72]] helped McLaren develop the M23 and that season Fittipaldi gave McLaren its first drivers' and constructors' world championships, beating [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]], [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] and Lotus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.grandprixhistory.org/mclar23.htm|title=Grand Prix Cars - McLaren M23|website=www.grandprixhistory.org|access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>
[[Emerson Fittipaldi]] joined McLaren from [[Team Lotus|Lotus]] in {{F1|1974}}. His knowledge of the [[Lotus 72]] helped McLaren develop the M23 and that season Fittipaldi gave McLaren its first drivers' and constructors' world championships, beating [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]], [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] and Lotus with four wins.

The season saw [[Marlboro]] become title sponsors of the team, which they would continue to be so until 1996. Fittipaldi worked on improving the car; a wider track and longer wheelbase were adopted.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sportscardigest.com/mclaren-m23/ | title=McLaren M23 | date=2 February 2009 }}</ref> The revised M23 featured redesigned bodywork, wings and aerodynamics were introduced during the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.grandprixhistory.org/mclar23.htm|title=Grand Prix Cars - McLaren M23|website=www.grandprixhistory.org|date=2 February 2009 |access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>

Fittipaldi took three wins, while Hulme won once in a closely fought season.


===1975===
===1975===
[[File:McLaren M23 without bodywork.jpg|thumb|left|A McLaren M23 with much of its bodywork and front wing removed, [[Cosworth DFV]] visible in the rear. Note the exposed pedals between the front wheels and minimal upper-body crash protection, very different from today's F1 cars.]]
[[File:McLaren M23 without bodywork.jpg|thumb|left|A McLaren M23 with much of its bodywork and front wing removed, [[Cosworth DFV]] visible in the rear. Note the exposed pedals between the front wheels and minimal upper-body crash protection, very different from today's F1 cars.]]
Further development in [[1975 Formula One season|1975]] – including a 6-speed gearbox, a novelty for the time – helped Fittipaldi to second in the drivers' championship behind [[Niki Lauda]], who had the benefit of Ferrari's [[Ferrari 312T|312T]] chassis and McLaren to third in the constructors' championship, behind Ferrari and Brabham. The team experimented with different bodywork styles, including aerodynamic kickups in front of the rear wheels, different nose profiles and extended bodywork in front of the rear wheels, housing the oil coolers. Most of these changes were adopted for the M23 and its successor, the [[McLaren M26]].
Further development in [[1975 Formula One season|1975]] – including a 6-speed gearbox, a novelty for the time – helped Fittipaldi to second in the drivers' championship behind [[Niki Lauda]], who had the benefit of Ferrari's [[Ferrari 312T|312T]] chassis and McLaren to third in the constructors' championship, behind Ferrari and Brabham.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/formula-one/top-gears-coolest-racing-cars-mclaren-m23 | title=Top Gear's coolest racing cars: McLaren M23 | date=14 June 2016 }}</ref>
The team experimented with different bodywork styles, including aerodynamic kickups in front of the rear wheels, different nose profiles and extended bodywork in front of the rear wheels, housing the oil coolers.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mrof1engineering.co.uk/?page_id=778 | title=McLaren M23/9 | date=24 December 2010 }}</ref>

Also making an appearance were side mounted skirts which sealed the underside of the car to the racetrack, a precursor to the [[Ground effect (cars)|ground effect]] technology first seen properly with the [[Lotus 78]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/august-2002/35/learning-new-tricks|title = Learning new tricks}}</ref>
Most of these changes were adopted for the M23 and its successor, the [[McLaren M26]].


===1976===
===1976===
[[File:James Hunt British GP 1976.jpg|thumb|left|[[James Hunt]] won the British Grand Prix, but was later disqualified after the race.]]
At the end of 1975 Fittipaldi left the team to join his brother's [[Copersucar]]-sponsored [[Fittipaldi (constructor)|Fittipaldi Automotive]] team. He was replaced by [[James Hunt]], who went on to win a dramatic and controversial [[1976 Formula One season|1976]] season with the final evolution M23, the M23D.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/330/McLaren-M23-Cosworth.html|title=1973 - 1977 McLaren M23 Cosworth - Images, Specifications and Information|website=Ultimatecarpage.com}}</ref>
At the end of 1975 Fittipaldi left the team to join his brother's [[Copersucar]]-sponsored [[Fittipaldi (constructor)|Fittipaldi Automotive]] team. He was replaced by [[James Hunt]], who went on to win a dramatic and controversial [[1976 Formula One season|1976]] season with the final evolution M23, the M23D.

New regulations outlawing the tall airboxes over the engines were introduced for the [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix|Spanish Grand Prix]]. As a result the M23 sported mid mounted air scoops on either side of the roll bar. The oil coolers were repositioned to be in front of the rear wheels.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://us.motorsport.com/f1/news/mclaren-spanish-gp-1976-controversy/4787391/|title=How McLaren and Ferrari went to war with the rules in '76}}</ref>

James Hunt won six races on his way to the world championship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/330/McLaren-M23-Cosworth.html|title=1973 - 1977 McLaren M23 Cosworth - Images, Specifications and Information|website=Ultimatecarpage.com}}</ref>


===1977===
===1977===
When the replacement McLaren M26 proved troublesome, Hunt and [[Jochen Mass]] relied on the M23 in the early part of the [[1977 Formula One season|1977 season]], and even though the car was now four years old it was still competitive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mclaren.com/racing/heritage/cars/1974-formula-1-mclaren-m23/|title=McLaren Racing - Heritage - M23|website=www.mclaren.com|access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>
The M26 was seen as the future and development had ended on the M23 by the end of 1976. However, when the new car proved troublesome, Hunt and [[Jochen Mass]] relied on the M23 in the early part of the [[1977 Formula One season|1977 season]], and even though the car was now four years old it was still competitive, earning several pole positions and podium finishes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mclaren.com/racing/heritage/cars/1974-formula-1-mclaren-m23/|title=McLaren Racing - Heritage - M23|website=www.mclaren.com|access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>

[[Gilles Villeneuve]] made his Grand Prix debut at the [[1977 British Grand Prix]] in an M23.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://us.motorsport.com/f1/news/gilles-villeneuve-first-grand-prix-mclaren-1977-975182/1377099/|title = When Gilles Villeneuve contested his first Grand Prix with McLaren in 1977}}</ref>


The M23 was never the most technically advanced F1 car, but sound preparation and continual development helped it win 16 Grands Prix, two drivers' and one constructors' world championships in its lifetime.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.auto123.com/en/news/f1-7-things-to-know-about-the-mclaren-m23/59568/|title=F1: 7 things to know about the McLaren M23|website=auto123.com|access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>
The M23 was never the most technically advanced F1 car, but sound preparation and continual development helped it win 16 Grands Prix, two drivers' and one constructors' world championships in its lifetime.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.auto123.com/en/news/f1-7-things-to-know-about-the-mclaren-m23/59568/|title=F1: 7 things to know about the McLaren M23|website=auto123.com|access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>
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|-
|-
! rowspan="5"| {{F1|1973}}
! rowspan="5"| {{F1|1973}}
| rowspan="5"|[[McLaren|Yardley Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Yardley of London|Yardley]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br>3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br />3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="5"| {{Goodyear}}
| rowspan="5"| {{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1973 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1973 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
|| [[1973 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1973 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1973 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1973 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1973 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1973 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1973 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1973 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1973 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1973 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1973 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1973 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1973 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1973 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1973 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1973 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1973 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1973 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1973 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1973 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1973 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1973 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1973 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1973 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1973 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1973 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
|| [[1973 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1973 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
||
|
|
⚫
||
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''58*'''
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''58*'''
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|-
|-
|| [[Denny Hulme]]
| [[Denny Hulme]]
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Peter Revson]]
| [[Peter Revson]]
|
|
|
|
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|
|-
|-
|| [[Jody Scheckter]]
| [[Jody Scheckter]]
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Jacky Ickx]]
| [[Jacky Ickx]]
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
! rowspan="7"| {{F1|1974}}
! rowspan="7"| {{F1|1974}}
| rowspan="3"|[[McLaren|Marlboro Team Texaco]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team]] [[Texaco]]
| rowspan="7"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br>3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="7"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br />3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="7"| {{Goodyear}}
| rowspan="7"| {{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1974 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1974 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
|| [[1974 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1974 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1974 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1974 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1974 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1974 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1974 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1974 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1974 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1974 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1974 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1974 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1974 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1974 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1974 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1974 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1974 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1974 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1974 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1974 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1974 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1974 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1974 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1974 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1974 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1974 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
|| [[1974 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1974 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
||
|
|
||
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''73 (75)'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''73 (75)'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1st'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1st'''
|-
|-
|| [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]
| [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]
| 5
| 5
|style="background:#cfcfff;"| 10
|style="background:#cfcfff;"| 10
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Denny Hulme]]
| [[Denny Hulme]]
| 6
| 6
|style="background:#ffffbf;"| 1
|style="background:#ffffbf;"| 1
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|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="3"|[[McLaren|Yardley Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Yardley of London|Yardley]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| [[Mike Hailwood]]
| [[Mike Hailwood]]
| rowspan=3| 33
| rowspan=3| 33
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[David Hobbs (racing driver)|David Hobbs]]
| [[David Hobbs (racing driver)|David Hobbs]]
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
|| [[Jochen Mass]]
| [[Jochen Mass]]
|
|
|
|
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|
|-
|-
|Scribante Lucky Strike Racing
|[[Scuderia Scribante|Scribante]] [[Lucky Strike|Lucky Strike Racing]]
|[[Dave Charlton]]
|[[Dave Charlton]]
| 23
| 23
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|-
|-
! rowspan="4"| {{F1|1975}}
! rowspan="4"| {{F1|1975}}
| rowspan="3"| [[McLaren|Marlboro Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team]] [[Texaco]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br>3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br />3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="4"| {{Goodyear}}
| rowspan="4"| {{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1975 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1975 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
|| [[1975 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1975 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1975 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1975 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1975 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1975 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1975 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1975 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1975 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1975 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1975 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1975 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1975 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1975 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1975 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1975 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1975 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1975 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1975 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1975 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1975 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1975 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1975 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1975 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1975 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1975 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
||
|
||
|
|
||
|rowspan=4 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''53'''
|rowspan=4 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''53'''
|rowspan=4 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|rowspan=4 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|-
|-
|| [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]
| [[Emerson Fittipaldi]]
| 1
| 1
|style="background:#ffffbf;"| 1
|style="background:#ffffbf;"| 1
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Jochen Mass]]
| [[Jochen Mass]]
| 2
| 2
|style="background:#cfcfff;"| 14
|style="background:#cfcfff;"| 14
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|
|
|-
|-
|Lucky Strike Racing
|[[Lucky Strike]] [[Scuderia Scribante|Racing]]
|[[Dave Charlton]]
|[[Dave Charlton]]
|31
|31
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|-
|-
! rowspan="3"| {{F1|1976}}
! rowspan="3"| {{F1|1976}}
| rowspan="3"| [[McLaren|Marlboro Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br>3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br />3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="3"| {{Goodyear}}
| rowspan="3"| {{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1976 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1976 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1976 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1976 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1976 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
| [[1976 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
|| [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1976 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1976 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1976 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1976 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1976 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1976 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1976 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1976 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1976 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1976 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1976 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1976 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1976 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1976 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1976 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1976 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1976 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1976 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1976 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1976 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
|| [[1976 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1976 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
|| [[1976 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]
| [[1976 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]
||
|
|rowspan=3 style="background:#dfdfdf;"| '''74 (75)'''
|rowspan=3 style="background:#dfdfdf;"| '''74 (75)'''
|rowspan=3 style="background:#dfdfdf;"| '''2nd'''
|rowspan=3 style="background:#dfdfdf;"| '''2nd'''
|-
|-
|| [[James Hunt]]
| [[James Hunt]]
| 11
| 11
|style="background:#efcfff;"| '''Ret'''
|style="background:#efcfff;"| '''Ret'''
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|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Jochen Mass]]
| [[Jochen Mass]]
| 12
| 12
|style="background:#dfffdf;"| 6
|style="background:#dfffdf;"| 6
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|-
|-
! rowspan="7"| {{F1|1977}}
! rowspan="7"| {{F1|1977}}
| rowspan="5"| [[McLaren|Marlboro Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] [[McLaren|Team McLaren]]
| rowspan="7"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br>3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="7"| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] <br />3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
| rowspan="7"| {{Goodyear}}
| rowspan="7"| {{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1977 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1977 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
|| [[1977 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1977 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1977 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1977 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1977 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
| [[1977 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
|| [[1977 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1977 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1977 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1977 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1977 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1977 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1977 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1977 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1977 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1977 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1977 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1977 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1977 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1977 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1977 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1977 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1977 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1977 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1977 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1977 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1977 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1977 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
|| [[1977 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1977 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
|| [[1977 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]
| [[1977 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]]
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''60*'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''60*'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|rowspan=7 style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3rd'''
|-
|-
|| [[James Hunt]]
| [[James Hunt]]
| 1
| 1
|style="background:#efcfff;"| '''''Ret'''''
|style="background:#efcfff;"| '''''Ret'''''
Line 561: Line 577:
|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Jochen Mass]]
| [[Jochen Mass]]
| 2
| 2
|style="background:#efcfff;"| Ret
|style="background:#efcfff;"| Ret
Line 581: Line 597:
|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Bruno Giacomelli]]
| [[Bruno Giacomelli]]
| 14
| 14
|
|
Line 601: Line 617:
|
|
|-
|-
|| [[Gilles Villeneuve]]
| [[Gilles Villeneuve]]
| 40
| 40
|
|
Line 621: Line 637:
|
|
|-
|-
|Iberia Airlines
|[[Iberia (airline)|Iberia Airlines]]
|[[Emilio de Villota]]
|[[Emilio de Villota]]
|36
|36
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|
|
|-
|-
|Chesterfield Racing
|[[Chesterfield (cigarette)|Chesterfield]] [[BS Fabrications|Racing]]
|[[Brett Lunger]]
|[[Brett Lunger]]
|30
|30
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|-
|-
!rowspan=5| {{F1|1978}}
!rowspan=5| {{F1|1978}}
|rowspan=3|Liggett Group/<br>B&S Fabrications
|rowspan=3|[[Liggett Group]]/<br />[[BS Fabrications]]
|rowspan=5|[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] 3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
|rowspan=5|[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Cosworth DFV]] 3.0 [[V8 engine|V8]]
|rowspan=5|{{Goodyear}}
|rowspan=5|{{Goodyear}}
|
|
|
|
|| [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
| [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]]
|| [[1978 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
| [[1978 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]]
|| [[1978 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
| [[1978 South African Grand Prix|RSA]]
|| [[1978 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
| [[1978 United States Grand Prix West|USW]]
|| [[1978 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
| [[1978 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]]
|| [[1978 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
| [[1978 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]]
|| [[1978 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
| [[1978 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]]
|| [[1978 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
| [[1978 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]]
|| [[1978 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
| [[1978 French Grand Prix|FRA]]
|| [[1978 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
| [[1978 British Grand Prix|GBR]]
|| [[1978 German Grand Prix|GER]]
| [[1978 German Grand Prix|GER]]
|| [[1978 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
| [[1978 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]]
|| [[1978 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
| [[1978 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]]
|| [[1978 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
| [[1978 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]]
|| [[1978 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
| [[1978 United States Grand Prix|USA]]
|| [[1978 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
| [[1978 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]]
||
|
|rowspan=5| '''15'''
|rowspan=5| '''15'''
|rowspan=5| '''8th'''
|rowspan=5| '''8th'''
Line 770: Line 786:
|
|
|
|
⚫
|-
|}
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 12 points in {{f1|1973}} scored using the [[McLaren M19A|M19A]] and [[McLaren M19A|M19C]]<br>
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 12 points in {{f1|1973}} scored using the [[McLaren M19A|M19A]] and [[McLaren M19A|M19C]]<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 39 points in {{f1|1977}} scored using the [[McLaren M26|M26]]<br>
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 39 points in {{f1|1977}} scored using the [[McLaren M26|M26]]<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> All points in {{f1|1978}} scored using the [[McLaren M26]]
<nowiki>*</nowiki> All points in {{f1|1978}} scored using the [[McLaren M26]]


Line 803: Line 820:
[[Category:1978 Formula One season cars]]
[[Category:1978 Formula One season cars]]
[[Category:Formula 5000 cars]]
[[Category:Formula 5000 cars]]
[[Category:Formula One championship-winning cars]]
[[Category:Formula One championship–winning cars]]

Latest revision as of 03:03, 11 November 2024

McLaren M23
McLaren M23D

Emerson Fittipaldi in the McLaren M23 at the 1974 British Grand Prix.
CategoryFormula One
ConstructorMcLaren Racing
Designer(s)Gordon Coppuck
John Barnard
Ray Stokoe
PredecessorM19C
SuccessorM26
Technical specifications[1]
ChassisAluminium monocoque.
Suspension (front)Double wishbone, with inboard coilover shock absorbers.
Suspension (rear)Double wishbone.
Axle track62 in (157 cm)
Wheelbase101 in (257 cm)
EngineFord-Cosworth DFV 2,993 cc (182.6 cu in) 90° V8, naturally aspirated, mid-mounted.
TransmissionHewland FG400 5/6-speed manual gearbox.
Power465 hp (347 kW) @ 10,800 rpm[2]
280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) torque
Weight575 kg (1,268 lb)
Competition history
Notable entrantsYardley Team McLaren
Marlboro Team Texaco
Marlboro Team McLaren
Notable driversNew Zealand Denny Hulme
United States Peter Revson
West Germany Jochen Mass
United Kingdom Mike Hailwood
Brazil Emerson Fittipaldi
United Kingdom James Hunt
Debut1973 South African Grand Prix
RacesWinsPolesF/Laps
83161410
Constructors' Championships1 (1974)
Drivers' Championships2 (1974: Fittipaldi; 1976: Hunt)
n.b. Unless otherwise stated, all data refer to
Formula One World Championship Grands Prix only.

The McLaren M23 was a Formula One racing car designed by Gordon Coppuck, with input from John Barnard, and built by the McLaren team. It was a development of the McLaren M16 Indianapolis 500 car. A Ford Cosworth DFV engine was used, which was prepared by specialist tuning company Nicholson-McLaren Engines. This helped push the DFV's horsepower output to around 490 bhp.

A total of 13 chassis were built, with serial numbers 1 to 12 and 14. No number 13 chassis was built, as it was deemed to be unlucky.[3]

History

[edit]

1973

[edit]
Denny Hulme's 1973 McLaren-Ford M23 being demonstrated at the Goodwood Festival of Speed

The M19 had reached the end of its development life and a new design was needed to keep pace with the latest generation of Formula One cars and regulations regarding deformable crash protection structures.[4] Taking inspiration from the M16 Indycar and utilising the M19's rear suspension design, the new M23 was introduced for the 1973 season, and scored pole position with Denny Hulme on its very first outing. Hulme and Peter Revson took three wins between them that season, while rookie Jody Scheckter nearly added a fourth. Scheckter was responsible for one of the biggest accidents Formula One has ever seen, at the 1973 British Grand Prix, when he spun his M23 in front of the pack.[5]

1974

[edit]
Mike Hailwood driving a Yardley-liveried McLaren M23 at Brands Hatch in 1974

Emerson Fittipaldi joined McLaren from Lotus in 1974. His knowledge of the Lotus 72 helped McLaren develop the M23 and that season Fittipaldi gave McLaren its first drivers' and constructors' world championships, beating Ferrari, Tyrrell and Lotus with four wins.

The season saw Marlboro become title sponsors of the team, which they would continue to be so until 1996. Fittipaldi worked on improving the car; a wider track and longer wheelbase were adopted.[6] The revised M23 featured redesigned bodywork, wings and aerodynamics were introduced during the year.[7]

Fittipaldi took three wins, while Hulme won once in a closely fought season.

1975

[edit]
A McLaren M23 with much of its bodywork and front wing removed, Cosworth DFV visible in the rear. Note the exposed pedals between the front wheels and minimal upper-body crash protection, very different from today's F1 cars.

Further development in 1975 – including a 6-speed gearbox, a novelty for the time – helped Fittipaldi to second in the drivers' championship behind Niki Lauda, who had the benefit of Ferrari's 312T chassis and McLaren to third in the constructors' championship, behind Ferrari and Brabham.[8]

The team experimented with different bodywork styles, including aerodynamic kickups in front of the rear wheels, different nose profiles and extended bodywork in front of the rear wheels, housing the oil coolers.[9]

Also making an appearance were side mounted skirts which sealed the underside of the car to the racetrack, a precursor to the ground effect technology first seen properly with the Lotus 78.[10] Most of these changes were adopted for the M23 and its successor, the McLaren M26.

1976

[edit]
James Hunt won the British Grand Prix, but was later disqualified after the race.

At the end of 1975 Fittipaldi left the team to join his brother's Copersucar-sponsored Fittipaldi Automotive team. He was replaced by James Hunt, who went on to win a dramatic and controversial 1976 season with the final evolution M23, the M23D.

New regulations outlawing the tall airboxes over the engines were introduced for the Spanish Grand Prix. As a result the M23 sported mid mounted air scoops on either side of the roll bar. The oil coolers were repositioned to be in front of the rear wheels.[11]

James Hunt won six races on his way to the world championship.[12]

1977

[edit]

The M26 was seen as the future and development had ended on the M23 by the end of 1976. However, when the new car proved troublesome, Hunt and Jochen Mass relied on the M23 in the early part of the 1977 season, and even though the car was now four years old it was still competitive, earning several pole positions and podium finishes.[13]

Gilles Villeneuve made his Grand Prix debut at the 1977 British Grand Prix in an M23.[14]

The M23 was never the most technically advanced F1 car, but sound preparation and continual development helped it win 16 Grands Prix, two drivers' and one constructors' world championships in its lifetime.[15]

The M23 was also modified for use in Formula 5000 racing. Australian driver John McCormack drove a Leyland powered M23 to win the 1977 Australian Drivers' Championship. McCormack also put his M23 on pole for the 1978 Australian Grand Prix.[16]

McLaren-Cosworth M23
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Complete Formula One World Championship results

[edit]

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant Engine Tyres Drivers No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Points WCC
1973 Yardley Team McLaren Ford Cosworth DFV
3.0 V8 		G ARG BRA RSA ESP BEL MON SWE FRA GBR NED GER AUT ITA CAN USA 58* 3rd
Denny Hulme 5 6 7 6 1 8 3 Ret 12 8 15 13 4
Peter Revson 4 Ret 5 7 1 4 9 Ret 3 1 5
Jody Scheckter Ret DNS Ret Ret
Jacky Ickx 3
1974 Marlboro Team Texaco Ford Cosworth DFV
3.0 V8 		G ARG BRA RSA ESP BEL MON SWE NED FRA GBR GER AUT ITA CAN USA 73 (75) 1st
Emerson Fittipaldi 5 10 1 7 3 1 5 4 3 Ret 2 Ret Ret 2 1 4
Denny Hulme 6 1 12 9 6 6 Ret Ret Ret 6 7 DSQ 2 6 6 Ret
Yardley Team McLaren Mike Hailwood 33 4 5 3 9 7 Ret Ret 4 7 Ret 15
David Hobbs 7 9
Jochen Mass 16 7
Scribante Lucky Strike Racing Dave Charlton 23 19
1975 Marlboro Team Texaco Ford Cosworth DFV
3.0 V8 		G ARG BRA RSA ESP MON BEL SWE NED FRA GBR GER AUT ITA USA 53 3rd
Emerson Fittipaldi 1 1 2 Ret DNS 2 7 8 Ret 4 1 Ret 9 2 2
Jochen Mass 2 14 3 6 1 6 Ret Ret Ret 3 7 Ret 4 Ret 3
Lucky Strike Racing Dave Charlton 31 14
1976 Marlboro Team McLaren Ford Cosworth DFV
3.0 V8 		G BRA RSA USW ESP BEL MON SWE FRA GBR GER AUT NED ITA CAN USA JPN 74 (75) 2nd
James Hunt 11 Ret 2 Ret 1 Ret Ret 5 1 DSQ 1 4 1 Ret 1 1 3
Jochen Mass 12 6 3 5 Ret 6 5 11 15 Ret 3 7 Ret 5 4 Ret
1977 Marlboro Team McLaren Ford Cosworth DFV
3.0 V8 		G ARG BRA RSA USW ESP MON BEL SWE FRA GBR GER AUT NED ITA USA CAN JPN 60* 3rd
James Hunt 1 Ret 2 4 7 Ret
Jochen Mass 2 Ret Ret 5 Ret 4 4 Ret 2 9
Bruno Giacomelli 14 Ret
Gilles Villeneuve 40 11
Iberia Airlines Emilio de Villota 36 13 DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ 17 DNQ
Chesterfield Racing Brett Lunger 30 DNS 11 DNQ 13 Ret 10 9 Ret 10 11
1978 Liggett Group/
BS Fabrications 		Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 G ARG BRA RSA USW MON BEL ESP SWE FRA GBR GER AUT NED ITA USA CAN 15 8th
Brett Lunger 30 13 Ret 11 DNQ
Nelson Piquet 29 Ret Ret 9
Centro Aseguredor F1 Emilio de Villota 28 DNQ
Melchester Racing Tony Trimmer 40 DNQ

* 12 points in 1973 scored using the M19A and M19C
* 39 points in 1977 scored using the M26
* All points in 1978 scored using the McLaren M26

References

[edit]
  • F1 Racing magazine, January 2001
  • Motor Sport (magazine), August 2002
  1. ^ "McLaren M23 Cosworth". Ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  2. ^ "Engine Ford Cosworth • STATS F1".
  3. ^ n.d. (March 2019). "McLaren M23". Motor Sport. United Kingdom: Motor Sport Magazine Limited.
  4. ^ "1972 McLaren M19-C - Mathews Collection".
  5. ^ "Phil Mauger's ex-Denny Hulme 1973 McLaren M23 Formula One Racecar, Serial No. M23/1, Number 7".
  6. ^ "McLaren M23". 2 February 2009.
  7. ^ "Grand Prix Cars - McLaren M23". www.grandprixhistory.org. 2 February 2009. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  8. ^ "Top Gear's coolest racing cars: McLaren M23". 14 June 2016.
  9. ^ "McLaren M23/9". 24 December 2010.
  10. ^ "Learning new tricks".
  11. ^ "How McLaren and Ferrari went to war with the rules in '76".
  12. ^ "1973 - 1977 McLaren M23 Cosworth - Images, Specifications and Information". Ultimatecarpage.com.
  13. ^ "McLaren Racing - Heritage - M23". www.mclaren.com. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  14. ^ "When Gilles Villeneuve contested his first Grand Prix with McLaren in 1977".
  15. ^ "F1: 7 things to know about the McLaren M23". auto123.com. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  16. ^ Klopfer, Wolfgang (13 December 2005). Formula 5000 in New Zealand & Australia: Race by Race. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 9783833431012.
[edit]
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