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{{Short description|Tribe of grasses}}
{{taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Stipa gigantea 3.JPG|thumb
|image_caption = ''[[Stipa gigantea]]''
|image = Stipa gigantea 3.JPG
|image_caption = ''[[Celtica gigantea]]''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|display_parents = 3
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
|taxon = Stipeae
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|authority = [[Dumort.]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Pooideae]]
⚫
|tribus = '''Stipeae'''
|tribus_authority = [[Dumort.]] (1824)
|synonyms =
|synonyms =
* supertribe Stipodae <small>L. Liu (1980)</small>
* supertribe Stipodae <small>L. Liu</small>
* subtribe Stipinae <small>Griseb. (1846)</small>
* subtribe Stipinae <small>Griseb.</small>
* Aciachninae <small>Caro (1982)</small>
* Aciachninae <small>Caro</small>
* Ortachninae <small>Caro (1982)</small>
* Ortachninae <small>Caro</small>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="SorengPeterson2015"/>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="SorengPeterson2017"/>
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision =
|subdivision = 28 genera, see text
28 genera, see text
}}
}}

The '''Stipeae''' are a tribe of [[Poaceae|grasses]] within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species.<ref>Barkworth ME, Arriaga MO, Smith JF, Jacobs SWL, Valdes-Reyna J, Bushman BS (2008) Molecules and Morphology in South American Stipeae (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 33(4), 719-731.</ref>
The '''Stipeae''' are a tribe of [[Poaceae|grasses]] within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species.<ref>Barkworth ME, Arriaga MO, Smith JF, Jacobs SWL, Valdes-Reyna J, Bushman BS (2008) Molecules and Morphology in South American Stipeae (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 33(4), 719-731.</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered [[spikelets]] lacking a rachilla extension, and the [[lemma (botany)|lemma]]s (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal [[Awn (botany)|awn]] (long bristle).<ref>Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Aagesen L, Zuloaga FO, Morrone O (2007) A phylogeny of Piptochaetium (Poaceae : Pooideae : Stipeae) and related genera based on a combined analysis including trnL-F, rp116, and morphology. Systematic Botany 32(3), 545-559.</ref>
The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered [[spikelets]] lacking a [[Spikelet|rachilla]] extension, and the [[lemma (botany)|lemma]]s (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal [[Awn (botany)|awn]] (long bristle).<ref>Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Aagesen L, Zuloaga FO, Morrone O (2007) A phylogeny of Piptochaetium (Poaceae : Pooideae : Stipeae) and related genera based on a combined analysis including trnL-F, rp116, and morphology. Systematic Botany 32(3), 545-559.</ref>


==Genera==
==Genera==
The tribe includes 28 genera:<ref name="SorengPeterson2015">{{cite journal |last1=Soreng |first1=Robert J. |last2=Peterson |first2=Paul M. |last3=Romaschenko |first3=Konstantin |last4=Davidse |first4=Gerrit |last5=Zuloaga |first5=Fernando O. |last6=Judziewicz |first6=Emmet J. |last7=Filgueiras |first7=Tarciso S. |last8=Davis |first8=Jerrold I. |last9=Morrone |first9=Osvaldo |title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=53 |issue=2 |year=2015 |pages=117–137 |issn=16744918 |doi=10.1111/jse.12150}} {{open access}}</ref>
The tribe includes 32 genera:<ref name="SorengPeterson2017">{{cite journal|last1=Soreng|first1=Robert J.|last2=Peterson|first2=Paul M.|last3=Romaschenko|first3=Konstantin|last4=Davidse|first4=Gerrit|last5=Teisher|first5=Jordan K.|last6=Clark|first6=Lynn G.|last7=Barberá|first7=Patricia|last8=Gillespie|first8=Lynn J.|last9=Zuloaga|first9=Fernando O.|title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications|journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution|volume=55|issue=4|year=2017|pages=259–290|issn=1674-4918|doi=10.1111/jse.12262|doi-access=free|hdl=10261/240149|hdl-access=free}} {{open access}}</ref><ref>Peterson PM, Romaschenko K, Soreng RJ, Valdés Reyna J (2019) A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of ''Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum'', and five new genera: ''Barkworthia, × Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella'', and ''Thorneochloa''. ''PhytoKeys'' 126: 89-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096</ref><ref name="powo">{{cite web |title=Poaceae Barnhart |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref>
{{columns-list|3|
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*''[[Achnatherum]]'' (syn. ''Aristella'')
*''[[Achnatherum]]'' {{small|P.Beauv.}} (syn. ''Aristella'')
*''[[Aciachne]]''
*''[[Aciachne]]'' {{small|Benth.}}
*''[[Amelichloa]]''
*''[[Amelichloa]]'' {{small|Arriaga & Barkworth}}
*''[[Anatherostipa]]'' (syn. ''Nicoraella'')
*''[[Anemanthele]]'' {{small|Veldkamp}}
*''[[Austrostipa]]'' {{small|S.W.L.Jacobs & J.Everett}}
*''[[Anemanthele]]''
*''[[Barkworthia]]'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
*''[[Austrostipa]]''
*''[[Celtica]]''
*''[[Celtica (plant)|Celtica]]'' {{small|F.M.Vázquez & Barkworth}}
*''[[Eriocoma]]''
*''[[Eriocoma]]'' {{small|Nutt.}}
*''[[Hesperostipa]]''
*''[[× Eriosella]]'' {{small|Romasch.}}
*''[[Hesperostipa]]'' {{small|(Elias) Barkworth}}
*''[[Jarava]]''
*''[[Lorenzochloa]]''
*''[[Jarava]]'' {{small|Ruiz & Pav.}}
*''[[Lorenzochloa]]'' {{small|Reeder & C.Reeder}}
*''[[Macrochloa]]''
*''[[Oloptum]]''
*''[[Macrochloa]]'' {{small|Kunth}}
*''[[Ortachne]]''
*''[[Nassella]]'' {{small|(Trin.) É.Desv.}}
*''[[Neotrinia]]'' {{small|(Tzvelev) M.Nobis, P.D.Gudkova & A.Nowak}}
*''[[Orthoraphium]]''
*''[[Oloptum]]'' {{small|Röser & Hamasha}}
*''[[Oryzopsis]]''
*''[[Pappostipa]]''
*''[[Ortachne]]'' {{small|Nees ex Steud.}}
*''[[Patis (plant)|Patis]]''
*''[[Orthoraphium]]'' {{small|Nees}}
*''[[Nassella]]''
*''[[Oryzopsis]]'' {{small|Michx.}}
*''[[Pappostipa]]'' {{small|(Speg.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
*''[[Piptatheropsis]]''
*''[[Piptatherum]]''
*''[[Patis (plant)|Patis]]'' {{small|Ohwi}}
*''[[Piptatheropsis]]'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
*''[[Piptochaetium]]''
*''[[Psammochloa]]''
*''[[Piptatherum]]'' {{small|P.Beauv.}}
*''[[Ptilagrostis]]''
*''[[Piptochaetium]]'' {{small|J.Presl.}}
*''[[Stipa]]''
*''[[Psammochloa]]'' {{small|Htchc.}}
*''[[Pseudoeriocoma]]'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
⚫
*''[[Stipellula]]'' (syn. ''Stipella'')
*''[[Ptilagrostiella]]'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
*''[[Ptilagrostis]]'' {{small|Griseb.}}
*''[[Stipa]]'' {{small|L.}}
⚫
*''[[Stipellula]]'' {{small|Röser & Hamasha}} (syn. ''Stipella'')
*''[[Thorneochloa]]'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}}
*''[[Timouria]]'' {{small|Roshev.}}
*''[[Trikerala]]'' {{small|Bor}}
}}
}}


Many species were initially placed into ''Stipa'' but have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between genera<ref>Barber JC, Hames KA, Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Morrone O (2009) Phylogenetic relationships of Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae: Stipeae) and related genera reconstructed from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets. Taxon 58(2), 375-380.</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Bayer R, Everett J, Arriaga MO, Barkworth ME, Sabin-Badereau A, Torres MA, Vazquez FM, Bagnall N (2007) Systematics of the tribe Stipeae (Gramineae) using [[molecular data]]. Aliso 23, 349-361.</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Everett J, Barkworth ME, Hsiao C (2000) Relationships within the Stipoid grasses (Gramineae). In 'Grass Systematics and Evolution.' (Eds SWL Jacobs and J Everett) pp. 75-82. (CSIRO: Melbourne)</ref> although a complete analysis has not yet been completed. Stipoid grasses use the [[C3 photosynthesis|C<sub>3</sub> photosynthetic pathway]] and live in temperate areas worldwide.<ref>Romaschenko K, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Garcia-Jacas N, Futorna O, Susanna A (2008) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the American Stipeae (Poaceae) resolves ''Jarava'' sensu lato polyphyletic: evidence for a new genus, ''Pappostipa''. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1), 165-192.</ref>
Many species initially placed into ''Stipa'' have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Barber|first1=Janet C.|last2=Hames|first2=Kasey A.|last3=Cialdella|first3=Ana Maria|last4=Giussani|first4=Liliana M.|last5=Morrone|first5=Osvaldo|title=Phylogenetic relationships of Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae: Stipeae) and related genera reconstructed from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets |journal=Taxon|volume=58|issue=2|year=2009|pages=375–380|issn=0040-0262|doi=10.1002/tax.582005}} [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Liliana_Giussani/publication/233665373_Phylogenetic_relationships_of_Piptochaetium_Presl_Poaceae_Stipeae_and_related_genera_reconstructed_from_nuclear_and_chloroplast_sequence_datasets/links/552e76700cf22d43716e78ae/Phylogenetic-relationships-of-Piptochaetium-Presl-Poaceae-Stipeae-and-related-genera-reconstructed-from-nuclear-and-chloroplast-sequence-datasets.pdf pdf]</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Bayer R, Everett J, Arriaga MO, Barkworth ME, Sabin-Badereau A, Torres MA, Vazquez FM, Bagnall N (2007) Systematics of the tribe Stipeae (Gramineae) using molecular data. Aliso 23, 349-361.</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Everett J, Barkworth ME, Hsiao C (2000) Relationships within the Stipoid grasses (Gramineae). In 'Grass Systematics and Evolution.' (Eds SWL Jacobs and J Everett) pp. 75-82. (CSIRO: Melbourne)</ref> but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the [[C3 photosynthesis|C<sub>3</sub> photosynthetic pathway]] and live in temperate areas worldwide.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Romaschenko K, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Garcia-Jacas N, Futorna O, Susanna A |date=2008| title=Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the American Stipeae (Poaceae) resolves ''Jarava'' sensu lato polyphyletic: evidence for a new genus, ''Pappostipa''|journal= Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas|volume= 2|issue=1|pages= 165–192|jstor=41971613}} [https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/6448/Romaschenko_etal_Pappostipa_highres.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y pdf]</ref>


Known [[fossil]]s date from the late [[Miocene]].<ref>Thomasson JR (2005) Berriochloa gabeli and Berriochloa huletti (Gramineae: Stipeae), two new grass species from the late Miocene Ash Hollow Formation of Nebraska and Kansas. J Paleontol 79 (1):185-199</ref>
Known [[fossil]]s date from the late [[Miocene]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Thomasson|first1=Joseph R.|title=Berriochloa Gabeli and Berrichloa Huletti (Graminae: Stipeae), two new grass species from the late miocene Ash Hollow Formationof Nebraska and Kansas|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=79|issue=1|year=2005|pages=185–199|issn=0022-3360|doi=10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0185:BGABHG>2.0.CO;2|bibcode=2005JPal...79..185T }} [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joseph_Thomasson/publication/250070847_Berriochloa_gabeli_and_Berriochloa_huletti_Gramineae_Stipeae_two_new_grass_species_from_the_late_miocene_ash_hollow_formation_of_Nebraska_and_Kansas/links/56324ae608ae584878091c65/Berriochloa-gabeli-and-Berriochloa-huletti-Gramineae-Stipeae-two-new-grass-species-from-the-late-miocene-ash-hollow-formation-of-Nebraska-and-Kansas.pdf pdf]</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
Line 65: Line 67:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [https://www.delta-intkey.com/grass/www/stipa-sl.htm Stipa L. sensu lato] (''sensu lato'' refers to the tribe) ''The grass genera of the world'' website by L. Watson, [[Terry Desmond Macfarlane|T.D. Macfarlane]], and M.J. Dallwitz
⚫
{{commons category|Stipeae}}

⚫
{{Wikispecies|Stipeae}}
⚫
*{{Commons category-inline|Stipeae}}
⚫
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Stipeae}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q7617501}}
{{Poaceae-subfamilies}}


[[Category:Pooideae]]
[[Category:Pooideae]]
[[Category:Monocot tribes]]
[[Category:Poaceae tribes]]
[[Category:Articles created via the Article Wizard]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 1824]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier]]

Latest revision as of 15:46, 11 November 2024

Stipeae
Celtica gigantea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Clade: BOP clade
Subfamily: Pooideae
Supertribe: Stipodae
Tribe: Stipeae
Dumort.
Genera

28 genera, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • supertribe Stipodae L. Liu
  • subtribe Stipinae Griseb.
  • Aciachninae Caro
  • Ortachninae Caro

The Stipeae are a tribe of grasses within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species.[2]

Description

[edit]

The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered spikelets lacking a rachilla extension, and the lemmas (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal awn (long bristle).[3]

Genera

[edit]

The tribe includes 32 genera:[1][4][5]

Many species initially placed into Stipa have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera,[6][7][8] but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the C3 photosynthetic pathway and live in temperate areas worldwide.[9]

Known fossils date from the late Miocene.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. hdl:10261/240149. ISSN 1674-4918. Open access icon
  2. ^ Barkworth ME, Arriaga MO, Smith JF, Jacobs SWL, Valdes-Reyna J, Bushman BS (2008) Molecules and Morphology in South American Stipeae (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 33(4), 719-731.
  3. ^ Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Aagesen L, Zuloaga FO, Morrone O (2007) A phylogeny of Piptochaetium (Poaceae : Pooideae : Stipeae) and related genera based on a combined analysis including trnL-F, rp116, and morphology. Systematic Botany 32(3), 545-559.
  4. ^ Peterson PM, Romaschenko K, Soreng RJ, Valdés Reyna J (2019) A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum, and five new genera: Barkworthia, × Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella, and Thorneochloa. PhytoKeys 126: 89-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096
  5. ^ "Poaceae Barnhart". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  6. ^ Barber, Janet C.; Hames, Kasey A.; Cialdella, Ana Maria; Giussani, Liliana M.; Morrone, Osvaldo (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships of Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae: Stipeae) and related genera reconstructed from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets". Taxon. 58 (2): 375–380. doi:10.1002/tax.582005. ISSN 0040-0262. pdf
  7. ^ Jacobs SWL, Bayer R, Everett J, Arriaga MO, Barkworth ME, Sabin-Badereau A, Torres MA, Vazquez FM, Bagnall N (2007) Systematics of the tribe Stipeae (Gramineae) using molecular data. Aliso 23, 349-361.
  8. ^ Jacobs SWL, Everett J, Barkworth ME, Hsiao C (2000) Relationships within the Stipoid grasses (Gramineae). In 'Grass Systematics and Evolution.' (Eds SWL Jacobs and J Everett) pp. 75-82. (CSIRO: Melbourne)
  9. ^ Romaschenko K, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Garcia-Jacas N, Futorna O, Susanna A (2008). "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the American Stipeae (Poaceae) resolves Jarava sensu lato polyphyletic: evidence for a new genus, Pappostipa". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 2 (1): 165–192. JSTOR 41971613.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) pdf
  10. ^ Thomasson, Joseph R. (2005). "Berriochloa Gabeli and Berrichloa Huletti (Graminae: Stipeae), two new grass species from the late miocene Ash Hollow Formationof Nebraska and Kansas". Journal of Paleontology. 79 (1): 185–199. Bibcode:2005JPal...79..185T. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0185:BGABHG>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360. pdf
[edit]
  • Media related to Stipeae at Wikimedia Commons
  • Data related to Stipeae at Wikispecies
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