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{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Johnson & Johnson Vision
| name = Johnson & Johnson Vision
| type = Subsidiary
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| key_people = Peter Menziuso, President
| key_people = Peter Menziuso ([[President (corporate title)|president]])
| industry = [[Ophthalmology]]
| industry = [[Ophthalmology]]
| products = [[Ophthalmology|Ophthalmic]] [[Pharmacology|pharmaceuticals]]<br>[[Surgical instruments|Surgical equipment]]<br>[[Contact lens|Contact care products]]
| products = [[Ophthalmology|Ophthalmic]] [[Pharmacology|pharmaceuticals]]<br>[[Surgical instruments|Surgical equipment]]<br>[[Contact lens|Contact care products]]
| num_employees = 4,500
| num_employees = 4,500
| parent = [[Johnson & Johnson]]
| parent = [[Johnson & Johnson]]
| foundation = [[Santa Ana, California]] {{Start date|1976}}
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1976}}, in [[Santa Ana, California]]
| location = [[Santa Ana, California]] & [[Jacksonville, Florida]]
| location = [[Santa Ana, California]] & [[Jacksonville, Florida]]
| homepage = https://www.jjvision.com/
| homepage = {{url|https://jjvision.com/}}
}}
}}
'''Johnson & Johnson Vision''' (JJV) is a subsidiary of [[Johnson & Johnson]] and its composed of two divisions, Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care (Contact Lens)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Headquarters |url=https://www.jjvision.com/contact-us}}</ref>. Services include [[Intraocular lens]]es, laser vision correction systems, [[phacoemulsification]] systems, [[Viscoelasticity|viscoelastic]], [[Microkeratome]]s and related products used in cataract and refractive surgery.
'''Johnson & Johnson Vision''' ('''JJV''') is a subsidiary of [[Johnson & Johnson]] and is composed of two divisions, Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care (Contact Lens).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Headquarters |url=https://www.jjvision.com/contact-us}}</ref> The company is part of Johnson & Johnson MedTech business segment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Sep 10, 2024 |title=Johnson & Johnson consolidates medtech brands under single banner |url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medtech/johnson-johnson-consolidates-medtech-brands-under-single-banner |website=FIERCE Biotech}}</ref> Services include [[Intraocular lens]]es, laser vision correction systems, [[phacoemulsification]] systems, [[Viscoelasticity|viscoelastic]], [[Microkeratome]]s and related products used in cataract and refractive surgery.


Johnson and Johnson Surgical Vision is based in Santa Ana, California, and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care is based in Jacksonville, Florida. JJV employs approximately 4,200 worldwide. The company has operations in 24 countries and markets products in approximately 60 countries.
Johnson and Johnson Surgical Vision is based in [[Santa Ana, California|Santa Ana]], California, and [[Johnson & Johnson]] Vision Care is based in Jacksonville, Florida. JJV employs approximately 4,200 worldwide. The company has operations in 24 countries and markets products in approximately 60 countries. In February 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.
In February 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.


== History ==
== History ==
⚫
In 1959, the contact business unit started as Frontier Contact Lenses in Buffalo, New York.<ref name=history1>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY OF ACUVUE BRAND |url=https://www.jjvision.com/sites/default/files/media_center/History%20of%20ACUVUE%C2%AE%20Brand.pdf}}</ref>
⚫
{{More citations needed section|date=September 2020}}
⚫
In 1959, the contact business unit started as Frontier Contact Lenses in Buffalo, New York.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY OF ACUVUE® BRAND |url=https://www.jjvision.com/sites/default/files/media_center/History%20of%20ACUVUE%C2%AE%20Brand.pdf}}</ref>


The surgical business unit started when implantable medical device company Heyer-Schulte Co., started a ophthalmic research division, named Heyer-Schulte Medical Optics Center (HSMOC), focusing on aphakic lenses and extended-wear cosmetic contact lenses.  In 1974, American Hospital Supply Corporation (AHSC), acquired and merged with Heyer-Schulte Co., and renamed HSMOC to American Medical Optics (AMO). <ref>{{Cite book |last=Schifrin |first=Leonard |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_contact_lens_industry_structure_comp/Cn-ZxlDCfMIC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=inpublisher:%22Congress+of+the+U.S.,+Office+of+Tehnology+Assessment%22&printsec=frontcover |title=The Contact Lens Industry : Structure, Competition, and Public Policy |publisher=Congress of the U.S., Office of Technology Assessment |year=1984 |isbn=9781428923652, 1428923659 |pages=60 |language=English}}</ref> In 1976, AMO focused its business in the early development of intraocular lenses for cataract patients.
The surgical business unit started when implantable medical device company Heyer-Schulte Co., started a ophthalmic research division, named Heyer-Schulte Medical Optics Center (HSMOC), focusing on aphakic lenses and extended-wear cosmetic contact lenses.  In 1974, American Hospital Supply Corporation (AHSC), acquired and merged with Heyer-Schulte Co., and renamed HSMOC to American Medical Optics (AMO).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schifrin |first=Leonard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cn-ZxlDCfMIC |title=The Contact Lens Industry : Structure, Competition, and Public Policy |publisher=Congress of the U.S., Office of Technology Assessment |year=1984 |isbn=9781428923652 |pages=60 |language=English}}</ref> In 1976, AMO focused its business in the early development of intraocular lenses for cataract patients.


In 1981 Johnson & Johnson acquires Frontier.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY OF ACUVUE® BRAND |url=https://www.jjvision.com/sites/default/files/media_center/History%20of%20ACUVUE%C2%AE%20Brand.pdf}}</ref>
In 1981, Johnson & Johnson acquires Frontier.<ref name=history1/>


In 1983 American Medical Optics, the Santa Ana eye product division of American Hospital Supply Corp., began to manufacture the tissue lens.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
In 1983, American Medical Optics, the Santa Ana eye product division of American Hospital Supply Corp., began to manufacture the tissue lens.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}


In 1986, Allergan acquired American Medical Optics, and as Allergan Medical Optics, continued to manufacture the lenticules.
In 1986, Allergan acquired American Medical Optics, and as Allergan Medical Optics, continued to manufacture the lenticules.


In 1987, JJV transforms the eye care industry by introducing the world’s first disposable soft contact lenses under the name ACUVUE® Brand Contact Lenses.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY OF ACUVUE® BRAND |url=https://www.jjvision.com/sites/default/files/media_center/History%20of%20ACUVUE%C2%AE%20Brand.pdf}}</ref>
In 1987, JJV introduces the world’s first disposable soft contact lenses under the name ACUVUE Brand Contact Lenses.<ref name=history1/>


AMO was spun off from [[Allergan]] in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Advanced Medical Optics Begins Trading on the New York Stock Exchange After Spin-Off from Allergan |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/850693/000089256902001456/a82725exv99w1.htm}}</ref>
AMO was spun off from [[Allergan]] in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Advanced Medical Optics Begins Trading on the New York Stock Exchange After Spin-Off from Allergan |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/850693/000089256902001456/a82725exv99w1.htm}}</ref>


In 2004, Advanced Medical Optics bought Pfizer’s surgical ophthalmology business for $450 million in cash.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMO completes purchase of Pfizer’s ophthalmic surgical line |url=https://www.healio.com/news/ophthalmology/20120331/amo-completes-purchase-of-pfizer-s-ophthalmic-surgical-line}}</ref>
In 2004, Advanced Medical Optics bought Pfizer’s surgical ophthalmology business for $450 million in cash.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMO completes purchase of Pfizer's ophthalmic surgical line |url=https://www.healio.com/news/ophthalmology/20120331/amo-completes-purchase-of-pfizer-s-ophthalmic-surgical-line}}</ref>


AMO acquired VisX Inc. in a stock and cash transaction valued at approximately $1.27 billion, in November 2004. The combined company retained the Advanced Medical Optics name and AMO's Santa Ana, Calif., headquarters. The laser franchise retained the VisX brand name, and VisX continued manufacturing and research and development activities at its Santa Clara, Calif., site. The AMO portfolio already included the Amadeus II microkeratome, the Verisyse phakic IOL, and the ReZoom, Array and Tecnis IOLs.
AMO acquired VisX Inc. in a stock and cash transaction valued at approximately $1.27 billion, in November 2004. The combined company retained the Advanced Medical Optics name and AMO's Santa Ana, Calif., headquarters. The laser franchise retained the VisX brand name, and VisX continued manufacturing and research and development activities at its Santa Clara, Calif., site. The AMO portfolio already included the Amadeus II microkeratome, the Verisyse phakic IOL, and the ReZoom, Array and Tecnis IOLs.
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In September 2016, pharmaceutical and medical device company Johnson & Johnson announced they were buying Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/markets/2016/09/16/johnson-johnson-buys-abbott-medical-optics-43b/90509318/ |title=Johnson & Johnson buys Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3B |publisher=usatoday.com |date=2016-09-16 |accessdate=2016-09-30}}</ref>
In September 2016, pharmaceutical and medical device company Johnson & Johnson announced they were buying Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/markets/2016/09/16/johnson-johnson-buys-abbott-medical-optics-43b/90509318/ |title=Johnson & Johnson buys Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3B |publisher=usatoday.com |date=2016-09-16 |accessdate=2016-09-30}}</ref>


On February 27, 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
On February 27, 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2017/02/28/johnson-johnson-completes-43b-acquisition-of-abbott-medical-optics-in-santa-ana/ |title=Johnson & Johnson completes $4.3B acquisition of Abbott Medical Optics in Santa Ana|publisher=ocregister.com|date=2017-02-27|accessdate=2023-10-30}}</ref>


In 2017, JJV acquired [[TearScience]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=J&J Vision closes TearScience buyout |url=https://www.massdevice.com/jj-vision-closes-tearscience-buyout/}}</ref>
In 2017, JJV acquired [[TearScience]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=J&J Vision closes TearScience buyout |url=https://www.massdevice.com/jj-vision-closes-tearscience-buyout/}}</ref>


==Products==
==Products==
⚫
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}
*'''Corneal products:'''
*'''Corneal products:'''
**RevitaLens OcuTec Multi-Purpose Disinfecting Solution
**RevitaLens OcuTec Multi-Purpose Disinfecting Solution
**COMPLETE Multi-Purpose Solution Easy Rub® Formula
**COMPLETE Multi-Purpose Solution Easy Rub Formula
**Blink Tears Lubricating Eye Drops
**Blink Tears Lubricating Eye Drops
**Oxysept UltraCare Formula Peroxide Disinfection System
**Oxysept UltraCare Formula Peroxide Disinfection System
Line 83: Line 82:
AMO voluntarily recalled some of their products in 2006 due to a bacterial contamination in the factory process which would have compromised sterility. Non-sterility of a contact lens solution may have serious health consequences, including eye infection and microbial keratitis.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} The voluntary and limited recall was caused by an isolated production line problem that affected two of the four production lines in the AMO facility, not because of a formulation issue.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1360728.php News: AMO contact lens solution is recalled - OCRegister.com]</ref>
AMO voluntarily recalled some of their products in 2006 due to a bacterial contamination in the factory process which would have compromised sterility. Non-sterility of a contact lens solution may have serious health consequences, including eye infection and microbial keratitis.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} The voluntary and limited recall was caused by an isolated production line problem that affected two of the four production lines in the AMO facility, not because of a formulation issue.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1360728.php News: AMO contact lens solution is recalled - OCRegister.com]</ref>


In May 2007, the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] linked AMO MoisturePlus eye solution to Acanthamoeba keratitis infections.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/money/article_1709100.php Money: Local contact lens solution tied to eye disease - OCRegister.com]</ref> AMO announced a recall on Complete MoisturePlus contact lens solution on May 28, 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Earth Times: show/66971.html|url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/66971.html|access-date=2020-09-28|website=www.earthtimes.org}}</ref> The solution has been linked to cases of an eye infection (keratitis) caused by an organism of the genus ''Acanthamoeba''.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2007-05-28|title=AMO recalls Complete MoisturePlus lens solution|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amo-recall-idUSN2722758320070528|url-status=live|access-date=2020-09-28}}</ref> The company was sued in June 2007 by Michael Connolly, who claimed to have developed a keratitis infection after using AMO's MoisturePlus solution.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1719079.php News: Advanced Medical Optics sued over lens solution - OCRegister.com]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Schmidt & Clark Represents Plaintiff in First U.S. Products Liability Case on Recalled Contact Lens Solution|url=https://www.prweb.com/releases/Personal_Injury/Lawsuit/prweb530765.htm|access-date=2020-09-28|website=PRWeb}}</ref>
In May 2007, the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] linked AMO MoisturePlus eye solution to Acanthamoeba keratitis infections.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/money/article_1709100.php Money: Local contact lens solution tied to eye disease - OCRegister.com]</ref> AMO announced a recall on Complete MoisturePlus contact lens solution on May 28, 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Earth Times: show/66971.html|url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/66971.html|access-date=2020-09-28|website=www.earthtimes.org}}</ref> The solution has been linked to cases of an eye infection (keratitis) caused by an organism of the genus ''Acanthamoeba''.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2007-05-28|title=AMO recalls Complete MoisturePlus lens solution|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amo-recall-idUSN2722758320070528|access-date=2020-09-28}}</ref> The company was sued in June 2007 by Michael Connolly, who claimed to have developed a keratitis infection after using AMO's MoisturePlus solution.<ref>[http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1719079.php News: Advanced Medical Optics sued over lens solution - OCRegister.com]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Schmidt & Clark Represents Plaintiff in First U.S. Products Liability Case on Recalled Contact Lens Solution|url=https://www.prweb.com/releases/Personal_Injury/Lawsuit/prweb530765.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726104607/http://www.prweb.com/releases/Personal_Injury/Lawsuit/prweb530765.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 26, 2008|access-date=2020-09-28|website=PRWeb}}</ref>


Complaints about a contact lens solution linked to a 2007 outbreak of eye infections that blinded several people went unreported by the manufacturer for more than a year. Advanced Medical Optics received complaints about the solution more than a year before it was recalled, and failed to promptly report nine complaints as required by law.<ref>[https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iqRyDDIAJ4RAA-ImdqfMw4q86TcQD98UHT7G0 News: Contact Solution Maker Failed to Report Problems - Associated Press]</ref>
Complaints about a contact lens solution linked to a 2007 outbreak of eye infections that blinded several people went unreported by the manufacturer for more than a year. Advanced Medical Optics received complaints about the solution more than a year before it was recalled, and failed to promptly report nine complaints as required by law.<ref>[https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iqRyDDIAJ4RAA-ImdqfMw4q86TcQD98UHT7G0 News: Contact Solution Maker Failed to Report Problems - Associated Press]{{dead link|date=June 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


[[Category:Johnson & Johnson brands]]
[[Category:Drugs developed by Johnson & Johnson]]
[[Category:Contact lenses]]
[[Category:Contact lenses]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology organizations]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology organizations]]
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[[Category:Eyewear companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Eyewear companies of the United States]]
[[Category:2017 mergers and acquisitions]]
[[Category:2017 mergers and acquisitions]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson and Johnson Vision}}

Latest revision as of 23:54, 11 November 2024

Johnson & Johnson Vision
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryOphthalmology
Founded1976; 48 years ago (1976), in Santa Ana, California
HeadquartersSanta Ana, California & Jacksonville, Florida
Key people
Peter Menziuso (president)
ProductsOphthalmic pharmaceuticals
Surgical equipment
Contact care products
Number of employees
4,500
ParentJohnson & Johnson
Websitejjvision.com

Johnson & Johnson Vision (JJV) is a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson and is composed of two divisions, Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care (Contact Lens).[1] The company is part of Johnson & Johnson MedTech business segment.[2] Services include Intraocular lenses, laser vision correction systems, phacoemulsification systems, viscoelastic, Microkeratomes and related products used in cataract and refractive surgery.

Johnson and Johnson Surgical Vision is based in Santa Ana, California, and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care is based in Jacksonville, Florida. JJV employs approximately 4,200 worldwide. The company has operations in 24 countries and markets products in approximately 60 countries. In February 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.

History

[edit]

In 1959, the contact business unit started as Frontier Contact Lenses in Buffalo, New York.[3]

The surgical business unit started when implantable medical device company Heyer-Schulte Co., started a ophthalmic research division, named Heyer-Schulte Medical Optics Center (HSMOC), focusing on aphakic lenses and extended-wear cosmetic contact lenses.  In 1974, American Hospital Supply Corporation (AHSC), acquired and merged with Heyer-Schulte Co., and renamed HSMOC to American Medical Optics (AMO).[4] In 1976, AMO focused its business in the early development of intraocular lenses for cataract patients.

In 1981, Johnson & Johnson acquires Frontier.[3]

In 1983, American Medical Optics, the Santa Ana eye product division of American Hospital Supply Corp., began to manufacture the tissue lens.[citation needed]

In 1986, Allergan acquired American Medical Optics, and as Allergan Medical Optics, continued to manufacture the lenticules.

In 1987, JJV introduces the world’s first disposable soft contact lenses under the name ACUVUE Brand Contact Lenses.[3]

AMO was spun off from Allergan in 2002.[5]

In 2004, Advanced Medical Optics bought Pfizer’s surgical ophthalmology business for $450 million in cash.[6]

AMO acquired VisX Inc. in a stock and cash transaction valued at approximately $1.27 billion, in November 2004. The combined company retained the Advanced Medical Optics name and AMO's Santa Ana, Calif., headquarters. The laser franchise retained the VisX brand name, and VisX continued manufacturing and research and development activities at its Santa Clara, Calif., site. The AMO portfolio already included the Amadeus II microkeratome, the Verisyse phakic IOL, and the ReZoom, Array and Tecnis IOLs.

In Jan. 16, 2007 AMO announced the acquisition of privately held WaveFront Sciences Inc., a provider of wavefront diagnostic systems for refractive surgery and medical research, for $20 million in cash.[7]

AMO acquired Irvine-based IntraLase Corp. for $808 million in January 2007.[8] This allowed AMO to combine IntraLase technology for cutting a flap in the cornea with AMO technology for reshaping the cornea. The combination of these complementary technologies has made "all-laser LASIK" possible.[9] NASA later approved this all-laser LASIK for use on astronauts.[10]

In August 2007 the company donated $2.5 million to UC-Irvine's Department of Ophthalmology to boost the university's planned Eye Institute.[10]

On February 26, 2009, Abbott Laboratories announced that it had completed its acquisition of Advanced Medical Optics (AMO) in a $2.8 billion deal. AMO had become a wholly owned subsidiary of Abbott and was renamed Abbott Medical Optics Inc (AMO).

In 2009, AMO bought Visiogen and 2013, OptiMedica.[11][12]

In September 2016, pharmaceutical and medical device company Johnson & Johnson announced they were buying Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3 billion.[13]

On February 27, 2017, Abbott Medical Optics changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Vision following its $4.3 billion acquisition by Johnson & Johnson.[14]

In 2017, JJV acquired TearScience.[15]

Products

[edit]
  • Corneal products:
    • RevitaLens OcuTec Multi-Purpose Disinfecting Solution
    • COMPLETE Multi-Purpose Solution Easy Rub Formula
    • Blink Tears Lubricating Eye Drops
    • Oxysept UltraCare Formula Peroxide Disinfection System
    • Ultrazyme Enzymatic Cleaner
    • Blink Contacts Lubricating Eye Drops
    • COMPLETEBlink-N-Clean Lens Drops
    • COMPLETE Lubricating and Rewetting Drops
  • Refractive Products (LASIK)
    • STAR S4 IR Excimer Laser
    • WaveScan WaveFront System
    • IntraLase FS Laser
    • Advanced CustomVue Procedure
    • iFS Advanced Femtosecond Laser
  • Cataract Products
    • Tecnis Multifocal Intraocular lens
    • ReZoom Multifocal Intraocular lens
    • Tecnis 1-Piece Intraocular lens
    • WHITESTAR Signature Phacoemulsification System
    • Sovereign Compact Phacoemulsification System
    • Healon Viscoelastics
    • Baerveldt Glaucoma Implants
    • StabilEyes Capsular Tension Ring
    • Catalys Precision Laser System

Voluntary recalls

[edit]

AMO voluntarily recalled some of their products in 2006 due to a bacterial contamination in the factory process which would have compromised sterility. Non-sterility of a contact lens solution may have serious health consequences, including eye infection and microbial keratitis.[citation needed] The voluntary and limited recall was caused by an isolated production line problem that affected two of the four production lines in the AMO facility, not because of a formulation issue.[16]

In May 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention linked AMO MoisturePlus eye solution to Acanthamoeba keratitis infections.[17] AMO announced a recall on Complete MoisturePlus contact lens solution on May 28, 2007.[18] The solution has been linked to cases of an eye infection (keratitis) caused by an organism of the genus Acanthamoeba.[19] The company was sued in June 2007 by Michael Connolly, who claimed to have developed a keratitis infection after using AMO's MoisturePlus solution.[20][21]

Complaints about a contact lens solution linked to a 2007 outbreak of eye infections that blinded several people went unreported by the manufacturer for more than a year. Advanced Medical Optics received complaints about the solution more than a year before it was recalled, and failed to promptly report nine complaints as required by law.[22]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Headquarters".
  2. ^ "Johnson & Johnson consolidates medtech brands under single banner". FIERCE Biotech. Sep 10, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c "HISTORY OF ACUVUE BRAND" (PDF).
  4. ^ Schifrin, Leonard (1984). The Contact Lens Industry : Structure, Competition, and Public Policy. Congress of the U.S., Office of Technology Assessment. p. 60. ISBN 9781428923652.
  5. ^ "Advanced Medical Optics Begins Trading on the New York Stock Exchange After Spin-Off from Allergan".
  6. ^ "AMO completes purchase of Pfizer's ophthalmic surgical line".
  7. ^ "Advanced Medical Optics Acquires WaveFront Sciences". www.photonics.com. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  8. ^ "Advanced Medical Optics to Buy IntraLase for $808M". www.photonics.com. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  9. ^ Article - Money - Laser-surgery firms merge
  10. ^ a b Advanced Medical Optics - OC Business News - OCRegister.com Archived May 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "Abbott Laboratories Completes Visiogen, Inc. Acquisition".
  12. ^ "Abbott buys laser cataract specialist OptiMedica for $400M".
  13. ^ "Johnson & Johnson buys Abbott Medical Optics for $4.3B". usatoday.com. 2016-09-16. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
  14. ^ "Johnson & Johnson completes $4.3B acquisition of Abbott Medical Optics in Santa Ana". ocregister.com. 2017-02-27. Retrieved 2023-10-30.
  15. ^ "J&J Vision closes TearScience buyout".
  16. ^ News: AMO contact lens solution is recalled - OCRegister.com
  17. ^ Money: Local contact lens solution tied to eye disease - OCRegister.com
  18. ^ "Earth Times: show/66971.html". www.earthtimes.org. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  19. ^ "AMO recalls Complete MoisturePlus lens solution". Reuters. 2007-05-28. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  20. ^ News: Advanced Medical Optics sued over lens solution - OCRegister.com
  21. ^ "Schmidt & Clark Represents Plaintiff in First U.S. Products Liability Case on Recalled Contact Lens Solution". PRWeb. Archived from the original on July 26, 2008. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  22. ^ News: Contact Solution Maker Failed to Report Problems - Associated Press[dead link‍]
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