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{{short description|Original song written and composed by Lennon-McCartney}}
{{Short description|1968 song by the Beatles}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox song
{{Infobox song
| name = Julia
| name = Julia
| image = BeatlesObLaDiObLaDaJulia.png
| cover = Julia (Beatles song) sheet music cover.jpg
| cover_size = 160
| alt = Cover art
| cover_size =
| caption = Cover of the [[Northern Songs|Maclen Music]] sheet music<br>(depicting [[George Harrison]] and [[Ringo Starr]])
| type = song
| caption = Picture sleeve for the song's 1976 US single release
| type = single
| A-side = [[Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da]]
| artist = [[the Beatles]]
| artist = [[the Beatles]]
| album = [[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]
| album = [[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]
Line 24: Line 26:


==Composition==
==Composition==
"Julia" was written by [[John Lennon]] (credited to [[Lennon–McCartney]]) in the key of D major and features Lennon on vocals and [[Steel-string guitar|acoustic guitar]]. It was written during the Beatles' 1968 visit to [[Rishikesh]] in northern [[India]], where they were studying under the [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]]. It was here where Lennon learned the song's [[finger-picking]] guitar style (known as [[Travis picking|'Travis-picking']]) from the [[Scotland|Scottish]] musician [[Donovan]].<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.hit-channel.com/interview-donovan/68376 |title=Interview: Donovan – Hit Channel |website=Hit-channel.com |date=2014-06-20 |accessdate=2016-10-11}}</ref> Donovan later explained:
"Julia" was written by [[John Lennon]] (credited to [[Lennon–McCartney]]) in the key of [[D major]] and features Lennon on vocals and [[Steel-string guitar|acoustic guitar]]. It was written during [[The Beatles in India|the Beatles' 1968 visit]] to [[Rishikesh]] in northern [[India]], where they were studying under the [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]]. It was here that Lennon learned the song's [[finger-picking]] guitar style (known as '[[Travis picking|Travis-picking]]') from the [[Scotland|Scottish]] musician [[Donovan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hit-channel.com/interview-donovan/68376 |title=Interview: Donovan – Hit Channel |website=Hit-channel.com |date=2014-06-20 |access-date=2016-10-11}}</ref> Donovan later explained:


{{quote|He [Lennon] told me he wanted to write a song about his mother. He said, "Donovan, you're the king of children's songs. Can you help me?{{nbsp}}... I want to write a song about the childhood that I never really had with my mother." He asked me to help him with the images that he could use in lyrics for a song about this subject. So I said, "Well, when you think of the song, where do you imagine yourself?" And John said, "I'm at a beach and I'm holding hands with my mother and we're walking together." And I helped him with a couple of lines, "Seashell eyes / windy smile"{{snd}}for the [[Lewis Carroll]], [[Alice in Wonderland]] feel that John loved so much.<ref>{{cite web|title=Donovan on the Time He Helped Write a Beatles Classic|url=http://www.vulture.com/2016/11/donvan-on-helping-the-beatles-write-a-classic.html|website=vulture|accessdate=9 November 2016}}</ref>}}
{{blockquote|He [Lennon] told me he wanted to write a song about his mother. He said, "Donovan, you're the king of children's songs. Can you help me?{{nbsp}}... I want to write a song about the childhood that I never really had with my mother." He asked me to help him with the images that he could use in lyrics for a song about this subject. So I said, "Well, when you think of the song, where do you imagine yourself?" And John said, "I'm at a beach and I'm holding hands with my mother and we're walking together." And I helped him with a couple of lines, "Seashell eyes / windy smile"{{snd}}for the [[Lewis Carroll]], ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland|Alice in Wonderland]]'' feel that John loved so much.<ref>{{cite web|title=Donovan on the Time He Helped Write a Beatles Classic|url=http://www.vulture.com/2016/11/donvan-on-helping-the-beatles-write-a-classic.html|website=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]]|date=9 November 2016 |access-date=9 November 2016}}</ref>}}


No other Beatle sings or plays on the song. While [[Paul McCartney]] made several "solo" recordings attributed to the group, dating back to his famous song "[[Yesterday (Beatles song)|Yesterday]]", this is the only time that Lennon played and sang unaccompanied on a Beatles track. The ballad itself was the final track to be composed during recording sessions for ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]''.<ref>''The Complete Beatles Chronicle'' {{ISBN|978-1-851-52975-9}} p. 303</ref>
No other Beatle sings or plays on the song. While [[Paul McCartney]] made several "solo" recordings attributed to the group, dating back to his famous song "[[Yesterday (Beatles song)|Yesterday]]", this is the only time that Lennon played and sang unaccompanied on a Beatles track. The ballad itself was the final track to be composed during recording sessions for ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]''.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Complete Beatles Chronicle |isbn=978-1-851-52975-9 |page=303 |last1=Lewisohn |first1=Mark |year=1996 |publisher=Chancellor Press }}</ref>


==Lyrics==
"Julia" was written for John's mother, [[Julia Lennon]] (1914–1958), who was killed by a car driven by a drunk off-duty police officer when John was 17 years old.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/the-beatles/6769205/Nowhere-Boy-Maureen-Cleave-remembers-John-Lennon.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | title=Nowhere Boy: Maureen Cleave remembers John Lennon | date=14 December 2009}}</ref> Julia Lennon had encouraged her son's interest in music and bought him his first guitar. But after she split with John's father, John was taken in by his aunt, Mimi, and Julia started a new family with another man; though she lived just a few miles from John, Julia did not spend much time with him for a number of years.<ref name=rollingstone>{{cite web|title=69 – 'Julia'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-beatles-songs-20110919/julia-19691231|work=100 Greatest Beatles Songs|publisher=Rolling Stone|accessdate=18 June 2012}}</ref> Their relationship began to improve as he neared adolescence, though, and in the words of his half-sister, [[Julia Baird]]:
"Julia" was written for John's mother, [[Julia Lennon]] (1914–1958), who was killed by a car driven by an off-duty probationary police officer when John was 17 years old.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/the-beatles/6769205/Nowhere-Boy-Maureen-Cleave-remembers-John-Lennon.html | location=London | newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] | title=Nowhere Boy: Maureen Cleave remembers John Lennon | date=14 December 2009}}</ref> Julia Lennon had encouraged her son's interest in music and bought him his first guitar. But after she split with [[Alfred Lennon|John's father]], John was taken in by his aunt, [[Mimi Smith|Mimi]], and Julia started a new family with another man; though she lived just a few miles from John, Julia did not spend much time with him for a number of years.<ref name=rollingstone>{{cite magazine|title=69 – 'Julia'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-beatles-songs-20110919/julia-19691231|series=100 Greatest Beatles Songs|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=18 June 2012}}</ref> Their relationship began to improve as he neared adolescence, though, and in the words of his half-sister, [[Julia Baird (teacher)|Julia Baird]]:
{{quote|As he grew older, John would stay with us more often. He and Daddy got along well enough, and in the evenings when our daddy, a head waiter, was at work, John and Mummy would sit together and listen to records. She was an avid [[Elvis Presley]] fan, and she and John would jive around the room to '[[Heartbreak Hotel]]' and other early Elvis recordings. John inherited his love of music from her, and she encouraged him to start with piano and banjo, making him play a tune again and again until he got it right.<ref>{{cite journal|title=John Lennon's Sister Julia Breaks Silence to Tell of the Brother She Loved and Lost|journal=People|date=6 May 1985|volume=23|issue=18|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090602,00.html|accessdate=18 June 2012}}</ref>}}
{{blockquote|As he grew older, John would stay with us more often. He and Daddy got along well enough, and in the evenings when our daddy, a head waiter, was at work, John and Mummy would sit together and listen to records. She was an avid [[Elvis Presley]] fan, and she and John would jive around the room to '[[Heartbreak Hotel]]' and other early Elvis recordings. John inherited his love of music from her, and she encouraged him to start with piano and banjo, making him play a tune again and again until he got it right.<ref>{{cite journal|title=John Lennon's Sister Julia Breaks Silence to Tell of the Brother She Loved and Lost|journal=People|date=6 May 1985|volume=23|issue=18|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090602,00.html|access-date=18 June 2012}}</ref>}}


"I lost her twice," Lennon said. "Once as a five-year-old when I was moved in with my auntie. And once again when she actually physically died."<ref name=rollingstone />
"I lost her twice," Lennon said. "Once as a five-year-old when I was moved in with my auntie. And once again when she actually physically died."<ref name=rollingstone />


The song was also written for his future wife [[Yoko Ono]], whose first name, which literally means "child of the sea" in Japanese, is echoed in the lyric "Oceanchild, calls me."{{sfn|"Brought to Book," 31 July 1971 interview with Alan Smith, Uncut Presents NME Originals Beatles-The Solo Years|2010|p=42}} Towards the end of his life, he often called Yoko "Mother."<ref name=rollingstone />
The song was also written for his future wife [[Yoko Ono]], whose first name, which literally means "child of the sea" in Japanese, is echoed in the lyric "Oceanchild, calls me."<ref>"Brought to Book," 31 July 1971 interview with Alan Smith, Uncut Presents NME Originals Beatles-The Solo Years, 2010, p. 42</ref> Towards the end of his life, he often called Yoko "Mother."<ref name=rollingstone />


The line "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it just to reach you" was a slight variation of [[Kahlil Gibran]]'s "Sand and Foam" (1926) in which the original verse reads, "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it so that the other half may reach you". Lennon also adapted the lines "When I cannot sing my heart, I can only speak my mind" from Gibran's "When life does not find a singer to sing her heart she produces a philosopher to speak her mind".{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}
The line "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it just to reach you" was a slight variation of [[Kahlil Gibran]]'s "Sand and Foam" (1926) in which the original verse reads, "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it so that the other half may reach you". Lennon also adapted the lines "When I cannot sing my heart, I can only speak my mind" from Gibran's "When life does not find a singer to sing her heart she produces a philosopher to speak her mind".<ref>''[https://www.beatlesbible.com/songs/julia/ Julia]'', Beatles Bible. Published 15 March 2008, updated 12 January 2021, accessed 4 November 2021.</ref>


== Personnel ==
==Personnel==
Personnel per [[Ian MacDonald]]{{Sfn|MacDonald|2007|p=326}}
Personnel per [[Ian MacDonald]]:{{Sfn|MacDonald|2007|p=326}}


* [[John Lennon]] - double-tracked vocal, double-tracked acoustic guitar
* [[John Lennon]] - double-tracked vocal, double-tracked acoustic guitar


==Releases and legacy==
==Releases and legacy==
"Julia" was originally released as the final song on side two of ''The Beatles'' on 22 November 1968.{{sfn|Lewisohn|1988|p=200–201}} In 1976, it was released as the [[A-side and B-side|B-side]] of the "[[Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da]]" single.{{sfn|Wallgren|1982|p=109}} In 1988, "Julia" was one of the nine Beatles songs on the soundtrack album ''[[Imagine: John Lennon]]''. In 2006, a portion was used for the ''[[Love (The Beatles album)|Love]]'' album, mixed with "[[Eleanor Rigby]]".
"Julia" was originally released as the final song on side two of ''The Beatles'' on 22 November 1968.{{sfn|Lewisohn|1988|p=200–201}} In 1976, it was released as the [[A-side and B-side|B-side]] of the "[[Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da]]" single.{{sfn|Wallgren|1982|p=109}} In 1988, "Julia" was one of the nine Beatles songs on the soundtrack album ''[[Imagine: John Lennon (soundtrack)|Imagine: John Lennon]]''. In 2006, a portion was used for the ''[[Love (The Beatles album)|Love]]'' album, mixed with "[[Eleanor Rigby]]".


Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of its release, Jacob Stolworthy of ''[[The Independent]]'' listed "Julia" at number 13 in his ranking of the White Album's 30 tracks. He commented: "The first disc ends on a sanguine note with Lennon’s ode to his deceased mother, Julia. It remains the only Beatles song he wrote and performed by himself."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/the-beatles-white-album-tracks-ranked-paul-mccartney-john-lennon-george-harrison-50-anniversary-a8643431.html|first=Jacob|last=Stolworthy|title=The Beatles' White Album tracks, ranked – from Blackbird to While My Guitar Gently Weeps|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=22 November 2018|accessdate=27 March 2019}}</ref>
Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of its release, Jacob Stolworthy of ''[[The Independent]]'' listed "Julia" at number 13 in his ranking of the White Album's 30 tracks. He commented: "The first disc ends on a sanguine note with Lennon's ode to his deceased mother, Julia. It remains the only Beatles song he wrote and performed by himself."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/the-beatles-white-album-tracks-ranked-paul-mccartney-john-lennon-george-harrison-50-anniversary-a8643431.html|first=Jacob|last=Stolworthy|title=The Beatles' White Album tracks, ranked – from Blackbird to While My Guitar Gently Weeps|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=22 November 2018|access-date=27 March 2019}}</ref>

==Other recordings==
* That same year, jazz pianist [[Ramsey Lewis]] included it on his ''[[Mother Nature's Son (album)|Mother Nature's Son]]'' album. This version went to #76 on the US [[Hot 100]] and #37 on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|Best Selling Soul Singles]] chart.<ref>{{cite book |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |authorlink=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=348}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 53: Line 59:


==References==
==References==
* {{cite book |last=Lewisohn |first=Mark |year=1988 |authorlink=Mark Lewisohn |title=The Beatles Recording Sessions |publisher=[[Harmony Books]] |location=New York |isbn=0-517-57066-1 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Lewisohn |first=Mark |year=1988 |author-link=Mark Lewisohn |title=The Beatles Recording Sessions |publisher=[[Harmony Books]] |location=New York |isbn=0-517-57066-1 }}
* {{cite book |last=Wallgren |first=Mark |year=1982 |title=The Beatles on Record |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |location=New York |isbn=0-671-45682-2 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=MacDonald |first=Ian |title=Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutioninhead0003macd |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1-55652-733-3}}
* {{cite book |last=Wallgren |first=Mark |year=1982 |title=The Beatles on Record |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |location=New York |isbn=0-671-45682-2 }}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{noteson|http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/j.shtml|Julia}}
* {{noteson|http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/j.shtml|Julia}}
* [[Walter Everett (musicologist)|Walter Everett]]'s [https://books.google.com/books?id=1CAvwZPKTkoC&pg=PA170#v=onepage&q&f=false analysis of "Julia" (pp. 170–72)]
* [[Walter Everett (musicologist)|Walter Everett]]'s [https://books.google.com/books?id=1CAvwZPKTkoC&pg=PA170 analysis of "Julia" (pp. 170–72)]


{{The Beatles (White Album)}}
{{The Beatles (White Album)}}
{{The Beatles singles}}
{{The Beatles singles}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Julia (The Beatles Song)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Julia (The Beatles Song)}}
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[[Category:1976 singles]]
[[Category:1976 singles]]
[[Category:Songs published by Northern Songs]]
[[Category:Songs published by Northern Songs]]
[[Category:Songs in memory of deceased persons]]
[[Category:Songs about Yoko Ono]]
[[Category:Commemoration songs]]
[[Category:English folk songs]]
[[Category:English folk songs]]
[[Category:Songs composed in D major]]
[[Category:Songs about mothers]]

Latest revision as of 06:06, 12 November 2024

"Julia"
Cover art
Picture sleeve for the song's 1976 US single release
Single by the Beatles
from the album The Beatles
A-side"Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da"
Released22 November 1968 (1968-11-22)
Recorded13 October 1968
StudioEMI, London
GenreFolk
Length2:54
LabelApple
Songwriter(s)Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)George Martin

"Julia" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1968 double album The Beatles (also known as "the White Album"). It is performed as a solo piece by John Lennon. The song was written by Lennon (though credited to Lennon–McCartney) about his mother Julia Lennon, who died in 1958 at age 44.

The track is the final song on side two (disc one on CD) of The Beatles and was the last song recorded for the album. In 1976, it was issued as the B-side of the Beatles single "Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da".

Composition

[edit]

"Julia" was written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon–McCartney) in the key of D major and features Lennon on vocals and acoustic guitar. It was written during the Beatles' 1968 visit to Rishikesh in northern India, where they were studying under the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. It was here that Lennon learned the song's finger-picking guitar style (known as 'Travis-picking') from the Scottish musician Donovan.[1] Donovan later explained:

He [Lennon] told me he wanted to write a song about his mother. He said, "Donovan, you're the king of children's songs. Can you help me? ... I want to write a song about the childhood that I never really had with my mother." He asked me to help him with the images that he could use in lyrics for a song about this subject. So I said, "Well, when you think of the song, where do you imagine yourself?" And John said, "I'm at a beach and I'm holding hands with my mother and we're walking together." And I helped him with a couple of lines, "Seashell eyes / windy smile" – for the Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland feel that John loved so much.[2]

No other Beatle sings or plays on the song. While Paul McCartney made several "solo" recordings attributed to the group, dating back to his famous song "Yesterday", this is the only time that Lennon played and sang unaccompanied on a Beatles track. The ballad itself was the final track to be composed during recording sessions for The Beatles.[3]

Lyrics

[edit]

"Julia" was written for John's mother, Julia Lennon (1914–1958), who was killed by a car driven by an off-duty probationary police officer when John was 17 years old.[4] Julia Lennon had encouraged her son's interest in music and bought him his first guitar. But after she split with John's father, John was taken in by his aunt, Mimi, and Julia started a new family with another man; though she lived just a few miles from John, Julia did not spend much time with him for a number of years.[5] Their relationship began to improve as he neared adolescence, though, and in the words of his half-sister, Julia Baird:

As he grew older, John would stay with us more often. He and Daddy got along well enough, and in the evenings when our daddy, a head waiter, was at work, John and Mummy would sit together and listen to records. She was an avid Elvis Presley fan, and she and John would jive around the room to 'Heartbreak Hotel' and other early Elvis recordings. John inherited his love of music from her, and she encouraged him to start with piano and banjo, making him play a tune again and again until he got it right.[6]

"I lost her twice," Lennon said. "Once as a five-year-old when I was moved in with my auntie. And once again when she actually physically died."[5]

The song was also written for his future wife Yoko Ono, whose first name, which literally means "child of the sea" in Japanese, is echoed in the lyric "Oceanchild, calls me."[7] Towards the end of his life, he often called Yoko "Mother."[5]

The line "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it just to reach you" was a slight variation of Kahlil Gibran's "Sand and Foam" (1926) in which the original verse reads, "Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it so that the other half may reach you". Lennon also adapted the lines "When I cannot sing my heart, I can only speak my mind" from Gibran's "When life does not find a singer to sing her heart she produces a philosopher to speak her mind".[8]

Personnel

[edit]

Personnel per Ian MacDonald:[9]

  • John Lennon - double-tracked vocal, double-tracked acoustic guitar

Releases and legacy

[edit]

"Julia" was originally released as the final song on side two of The Beatles on 22 November 1968.[10] In 1976, it was released as the B-side of the "Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da" single.[11] In 1988, "Julia" was one of the nine Beatles songs on the soundtrack album Imagine: John Lennon. In 2006, a portion was used for the Love album, mixed with "Eleanor Rigby".

Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of its release, Jacob Stolworthy of The Independent listed "Julia" at number 13 in his ranking of the White Album's 30 tracks. He commented: "The first disc ends on a sanguine note with Lennon's ode to his deceased mother, Julia. It remains the only Beatles song he wrote and performed by himself."[12]

Other recordings

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Interview: Donovan – Hit Channel". Hit-channel.com. 20 June 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
  2. ^ "Donovan on the Time He Helped Write a Beatles Classic". Vulture. 9 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  3. ^ Lewisohn, Mark (1996). The Complete Beatles Chronicle. Chancellor Press. p. 303. ISBN 978-1-851-52975-9.
  4. ^ "Nowhere Boy: Maureen Cleave remembers John Lennon". The Daily Telegraph. London. 14 December 2009.
  5. ^ a b c "69 – 'Julia'". Rolling Stone. 100 Greatest Beatles Songs. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  6. ^ "John Lennon's Sister Julia Breaks Silence to Tell of the Brother She Loved and Lost". People. 23 (18). 6 May 1985. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  7. ^ "Brought to Book," 31 July 1971 interview with Alan Smith, Uncut Presents NME Originals Beatles-The Solo Years, 2010, p. 42
  8. ^ Julia, Beatles Bible. Published 15 March 2008, updated 12 January 2021, accessed 4 November 2021.
  9. ^ MacDonald 2007, p. 326.
  10. ^ Lewisohn 1988, p. 200–201.
  11. ^ Wallgren 1982, p. 109.
  12. ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (22 November 2018). "The Beatles' White Album tracks, ranked – from Blackbird to While My Guitar Gently Weeps". The Independent. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  13. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004. Record Research. p. 348.

References

[edit]
[edit]
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