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{{Short description|English painter, explorer, writer, and anthropologist}}
{{copypaste|url=http://www.florin.ms/hsleng.html|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
[[Image:Arnold Henry Savage Landor.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Arnold Henry Savage Landor with cats Kerman and Zeris, whom he travelled with in ''Across Coveted Lands'']]
{{Use British English|date=January 2015}}


{{Infobox person
'''Arnold Henry Savage Landor''' (1865 – 26 December 1924)<ref>{{cite book
| name = Arnold Henry Savage Landor
| last = Hill
| image = Arnold Henry Savage Landor.jpg
| first = Richard Leslie
| alt = Arnold Henry Savage Landor, with kittens Kerman and Zeris, with whom he travelled in ''Across Coveted Lands''
| title = A biographical dictionary of the Sudan
| caption = Arnold Henry Savage Landor, with [[Persian cat|Persian kittens]] Kerman and Zeris, with whom he travelled in ''Across Coveted Lands''
| publisher = Frank Cas & Company Ltd.
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1865|6|2|df=y}}
| year = 1967
| birth_place = [[Florence]], [[Italy]]
| location = London
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1924|12|26|1865|6|2|df=y}}
| page = 209
| death_place = [[Florence]], [[Italy]]
| isbn = 0-7146-1037-2}}</ref> was an English painter, explorer, writer and anthropologist, born in Florence. His grandfather was the poet and writer [[Walter Savage Landor]], who himself lived for long periods in Florence.
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation = painter, explorer, writer, anthropologist
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| signature = Savage Landor signature 1895.jpg
}}


'''Arnold Henry Savage Landor''' (2 June 1865 – 26 December 1924) was an English painter, explorer, writer, and [[anthropologist]].<ref>DNBL Missing Persons. ''LANDOR, (Arnold) Henry (Savage)'', T. C. Farmbrough. p 385</ref>
==Early life and training==


==Life and career==
Landor was born in [[Florence]], Italy, to Charles Savage Landor and his wife Esmerelda Armida Piselli. He spent his childhood in the city, educated at the Liceo Dante and the Instituto Technico. He had a talent for art and studied with Irish portrait painter, Harry Jones Thaddeus.<ref name=florin>Piero Fusi, [http://www.florin.ms/hsleng.html A. Henry Savage Landor], Florin.ms website. Retrieved 2014-02-05.</ref>
Arnold H. S. Landor was born to [[Charles Savage Landor]] in Florence, Italy, where he spent his childhood. The writer [[Walter Savage Landor]] was his grandfather.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.florin.ms/hsleng.html|title= A. HENRY SAVAGE LANDOR|publisher= Florin|access-date= 17 September 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101008020201/http://florin.ms/hsleng.html|archive-date= 8 October 2010|url-status= dead}}</ref>
Inspired to travel by the books of [[Samuel Baker]], [[Jules Verne]] and the French Journal des Voyages he went to Paris in his teens to study at the Julian studio under Boulanger and Jules Lefebvre. He visited [[England]], [[Holland]], [[Spain]], [[Malta]], [[Morocco]] and [[Egypt]] producing many drawings and paintings. On arriving in England he was struck by the greys and greens of the countryside.<ref name=florin />


He left for Paris at age fifteen to study at the [[Académie Julian]] directed by [[Gustave Boulanger]] and [[Jules Lefebvre]]. He then traveled the world, including America, Japan, and Korea, painting many landscapes and portraits. His 1895 travel memoirs from Korea included accounts of appointments to portray two Princes of the ruling Min clan, each of whom received him more graciously than they had the British consul. The gifts from one of his sitters included a white leopard skin and a set of screens that were of especial rarity.<ref>''Corea or Cho-sen, Land of the Morning Calm'' A. Henry Savage-Landor (1895) William Heinemann, London https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/13128/pg13128-images.html#LIST_OF_PLATES Retrieved 18 September 2023</ref> Upon his return to England, he was invited to [[Balmoral Castle|Balmoral]] by [[Queen Victoria]] to recount his adventures and show his drawings. He later traveled to Nepal and Tibet, telling of his experiences in two books: ''In the Forbidden Land'' (1898) and ''Tibet and Nepal'' (1905).
==First expedition to America, and the Far East==
Landor went to America with forty pounds in his pocket, and there he painted portraits which included President [[Benjamin Harrison]] and Miss Lincoln, granddaughter of [[Abraham Lincoln]]. He met the actress [[Lily Langtry]] in Chicago and painted the portraits of the American actress [[Mrs Brown-Potter|Cora Brown-Potter]] as 'Juliet', and the actor Harold Kyrle Bellew as 'Antonio'. With the money he had made in America, Landor then went to [[Vancouver]] where, aged 27 in 1889, he embarked for [[Yokohama]].


When he learned about the [[Boxer Rebellion]] in China he went to Peking (now spelled Beijing) to join the victory parade, afterward writing ''China and the Allies'' (1901). In 1901 he traveled from Russia to India, riding on horseback through Persia, publishing the account of that journey in the book ''Across Coveted Lands'' (1902). A journey to the Philippine Islands resulted in another book: ''The Gems of the East'' (1904).
When he got to Japan, he was filled with enthusiasm for all that was around him. In [[Nikkō]], [[Kyoto]], [[Hakone]], [[Kamakura, Kanagawa|Kamakura]] and other places, he painted 24 large canvases and many small ones. While in Japan Landor painted several portraits of people at the Mikado's Court. Among these is a life size portrait of the Countess Kuroda, second wife of the Prime Minister, that of the Countessa Saigo, daughter of the Prime Minister after Count Kuroda, and one of the baby daughter of the Countess Hijikata, daughter of the Emperor's Treasurer. While in Tokyo, Landor painted a half-size portrait of [[Sir Edwin Arnold]], author of ''[[The Light of Asia]]'' and of many other books about India and Japan.<ref name="ReferenceA">Landor ''Everywhere, the Memoirs of an Explorer'' 1924</ref> In the course of this visit to Japan made a journey to the largely unexplored Island of [[Hokkaidō]], where he got to know the customs of the indigenous [[Ainu people|Ainu]]. He made several paintings and subsequently wrote ''Alone with the Hairy Ainu'' (1893).


During the 1900s he visited [[Ethiopia|Abyssinia]] and painted a portrait of the king [[Menelik II]]. Landor's book ''Across Widest Africa'' was published in 1906. During 1911 and 1912 he made an eventful expedition to the [[Mato Grosso]] in Brazil and in 1913 published ''Across Unknown South America''.
After Japan he went to [[Korea]], where he painted portraits of Min San-ho, a nephew of the Korean queen, the Prince [[Min Yeong-hwan]], Commander in Chief of the Korean army, and [[Min Yeong-chun]], Prime Minister, whom Landor described as "Korea's Bismarck." From this journey to Korea, apart from his vivid sketches, came his book, ''Corea, or Cho-Sen, the Land of the Morning Calm'' (1895). From Korea he proceeded to China, visiting the [[Great Wall]] and then on to [[Beijing|Peking]], always sketching and making faithful notes of what he saw. He often met famous people in the most remote areas. At Hankow, for instance, he met [[Czar Nicholas II]] of Russia and Prince George of Greece. The Czar commissioned him to paint a huge canvas of the shipwreck of the Russian cruiseship the ''Crisorok'', which Landor had originally sketched on the west coast of the island of Yezo. The canvas was then given by the Czar to the Naval Club of Vladivostok. In Peking, Landor met [[Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet]], the English writer who was proficient in Chinese.<ref name="ReferenceA" />


He had an active role in [[World War I]], designing tanks and airships. Eventually, he retired to write his autobiography in Florence, where he died in 1924.
In 1891, he visited Australia, where he painted a portrait of the Prime Minister of [[New South Wales]], [[Sir Henry Parkes]] which excited much admiration in Sydney because of its striking resemblance. While in Sydney, Landor painted the portrait of the African explorer [[Sir Henry Morton Stanley]].
[[File:Portrait Arnold Henry Savage Landor 1895.jpg|thumb|Portrait appearing in 1895 travel memoirs by Savage-Landor who visited Korea not long after its opening to Western trade.]]
He is buried in the [[English Cemetery, Florence]].


==Later travels==
==Works==
* ''Alone with the Hairy Ainu'' (1893).<ref>{{cite journal|title=Review of ''Alone with the Hairy Ainu'' by A. H. Savage Landor|journal=The Athenaeum|issue= 3450|date=9 December 1893|pages=799–800|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.c3469027;view=1up;seq=505}}</ref>
* ''Corea or Cho-sen'' (1895)<ref>''Corea or Cho-sen, Land of the Morning Calm'' A. Henry Savage-Landor (1895) William Heinemann, London https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/13128/pg13128-images.html#LIST_OF_PLATES Retrieved 18 September 2023</ref>
* ''In the Forbidden Land'' (1898).
* ''China and the Allies'' (1901).
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/22117 ''Across Coveted Lands'' (1902).] [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22117/22117-h/v1.html VOL I.] [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22117/22117-h/v2.html VOL II.] [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22117/22117-8.txt]
* ''The Gems of the East'' (1904).
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001254065 ''Tibet and Nepal''] (1905).
* ''The Living Races of Mankind'' (1905).
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006105740 ''Across Widest Africa''] (1907).
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001258798 ''An Explorer's Adventures in Tibet''] (1910).
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001448446 ''Across Unknown South America''] (1913).
* ''Everywhere, the Memoirs of an Explorer'' (1924).


== Gallery ==
Landor returned to England, and [[Queen Victoria]] invited him to [[Balmoral Castle|Balmoral]] so that she could look at his drawings and hear of his journeys. In London he became great friends with [[James McNeill Whistler]] and [[Joseph Pennell]].
<gallery>

File:Tibetan Girl Using a Sling.jpg|''Tibetan Girl Using a Sling'' by Savage-Landor
In 1897 he set off on his travels to explore [[Tibet]] where he was captured and suffered terrible adversities and tortures. Nevertheless, he discovered the sources of the [[Indus]] and the [[Brahmaputra]]. Landor returned fearlessly to Tibet a second time and then to Nepal. From his journeys to Tibet and Nepal come his books ''In the Forbidden Land'' (1898) and ''Tibet and Nepal'' (1905).
File:A.H.Savage Landor Vanity Fair 26 Nov 1913.jpg|Caricature of Savage-Landor by "Astz" in the magazine ''Vanity Fair'', 1913

File:H.R.H. PRINCE MIN-YOUNG-HUAN of Korea sketch by A. Henry Savage-Landor.jpg|Sketch portrait of Prince Min-Young-Huan of Korea (published 1895), who gifted to Savage-Landor a variety of animals and objects in exchange, including a snow leopard skin and some wooden screens that he brought back to England.
On his return to Europe, Landor gave an increasing number of popular lectures and went on to America to repeat them there. While in America, he heard of the [[Boxer Rebellion]] in China, and went immediately to Peking where he was the first to accompany General Linievitch in the triumphal entry parade of honour at the Forbidden City. From this journey came his book ''China and the Allies'' (1901).
</gallery>

In 1901 he journeyed to India from Russia, riding on horseback through Persia, and in that year published his account of the journey in the book ''Across Coveted Lands'' (1902). He then went to the Philippines where he met the future [[General Pershing]] and, returning across America, he succeeded in convincing [[Theodore Roosevelt]] that Pershing would be the man whom America would need for its Army. Another book ''The Gems of the East'', describes this journey of discovery (1904).
[[File:Arnold Henry Savage Landor at the Sorbonne, Paris, 1914.jpg|thumb|Landor speaking at the [[Sorbonne]] in 1914]]
Then Landor dedicated himself to exploring Africa which was almost unknown at the time. In Abyssinia he painted the portrait of the Emperor [[Menelik II]]. In 1906 he published ''Across Widest Africa'' and in 1911 and 1912 he went to the Mato Grosso in Central America. On his return to Europe, during his lectures, he told stories of meeting boa serpents, weeks of almost dying of starvation, voyages in canoes in rapids leading to the Amazon River, and many other terrible wanderings. His lectures were requested not only as entertainment for wordly society, but also by scholars. In 1913, Landor published ''Across Unknown South America.''

In 1912 Landor spoke at the [[Sorbonne]], introduced by [[Paul Deschanel]]. Later he was a guest of [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]]. The poet gave him, as soon as he entered, an inscribed copy of his last novel ''Più che l'amore'', stating that it was inspired by Landor's book on ''Tibet (In the Forbidden Land)''. D'Annunzio suggested they collaborate on his next novel. Landor did not accept the offer. The poet, a few days later, said he was asked to write an article for the ''Corriere della Sera''. Landor, tricked by this, showed him his notes, and entertained him with a number of anecdotes. After some years, Landor discovered in a fascicle of ''Critica'', the journal edited by [[Benedetto Croce]], some extracts of Annunzio's latest novel ''Forse che sì, forse che no'', plagiarized from Landor's travels in the Philippines, in Asia and in Africa, which the novel's hero, an aviator explorer, recounted in the first person.

==Inventions==

In the first years of the twentieth century Landor was interested in making flying machines with bamboo and taffeta, but abandoned these inventions to take up traveling again.<ref>New York Times ''A Rival for Wright:Landor says his aeroplane is completely successful'' New York Times June 3, 1908</ref> With the outbreak of the Great War he dedicated himself to inventions and designed tanks and airships between 1915 and 1918 on the Italian front.

==Later years==

After so many adventures Landor's health broke down, and he travelled less frequently. He was meanwhile an extremely popular figure, being a friend of the Kings of Italy and Belgium and of [[Pope Pius X]]. Other friends included General [[Luigi Cadorna]], Prince [[Alexander Obrenovic]] of Serbia, [[Eleftherios Venizelos]] of Greece and [[Essad Pasha]]{{Disambiguation needed|date=August 2013}}. In the theatre he knew [[Maude Adams]] and [[Sarah Bernhardt]] and painted a portrait of [[Sada Yacco]], the Japanese actress.

When his mother died in 1915 and his father in 1917, he was deeply affected and retired to his home in Florence, where he died in 1924. His remains rest in the family chapel in the [[English Cemetery, Florence]].

His autobiography ''Everywhere: The Memoirs of an Explorer'' (1924) is an account of a life lived intensely, and a witness to the history and customs of far away people of the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the first two decades of the twentieth.

Three exhibitions of his paintings have been displayed – in 1959–60 by the [[British Council]], in the Palazzo del Drago at Rome, in the Palazzo Antinori in Florence and in Naples at the British Consulate.

== Works ==
{{Wikisource author}}
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=9MMNAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Expeditions of discovery in South Australia'']
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=Nt9KAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Alone with the Hairy Ainu'' (1893)]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=O3FCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Corea or Cho-sen'' (1895)]
* ''In the Forbidden Land'' (1898) [http://books.google.com/books?id=NyAbAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 1]
* ''China and the Allies'' (1901) [http://books.google.com/books?id=5L71Q777EskC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 1] [http://books.google.com/books?id=0NZAAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 2] [http://books.google.com/books?id=4uBAAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 2]
* ''Across Coveted Lands'' (1902) [http://books.google.com/books?id=TgcpAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 1] [http://books.google.com/books?id=5EPxRDK3iJIC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 1]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=eJYh-xFKbqkC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''The Gems of the East'' (1904)]
* ''Tibet and Nepal painted and described'' (1905)
* ''The Living Races of Mankind'' (1905)
* ''Across Widest Africa'' (1907) [http://books.google.com/books?id=fl0LAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 2]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=2mYdAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''An explorer's adventures in Tibet'' (1910)]
* ''Across Unknown South America'' (1913) [http://books.google.com/books?id=EA5lAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Volume 1]
* ''Everywhere, the Memoirs of an Explorer'' (1924)


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category|Arnold Henry Savage Landor}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=4851 | name=Arnold Henry Savage Landor}}
*[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3Ahenry%20savage%20landor Works by Arnold Henry Savage Landor] at [[Internet Archive]] (scanned books illustrated in color)
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Arnold Henry Savage Landor}}
*[http://books.google.com/books?q=inauthor:henry+inauthor:savage:+inauthor:landor&as_brr=1 Works by Arnold Henry Savage Landor] at [[Google Books]] (scanned books illustrated)
* {{gutenberg author| id=A.+Henry+Savage+Landor | name=Arnold Henry Savage Landor}} (plain text and HTML)


{{Authority control}}


{{Authority control|VIAF=4997359}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Landor, Arnold Henry Savage
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1865
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 26 December 1924
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Landor, Arnold Henry Savage}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Landor, Arnold Henry Savage}}
[[Category:1865 births]]
[[Category:1865 births]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:British travel writers]]
[[Category:English travel writers]]
[[Category:British portrait painters]]
[[Category:English male painters]]
[[Category:Explorers of Iran]]
[[Category:English explorers]]
[[Category:English anthropologists]]
[[Category:19th-century English painters]]
[[Category:20th-century English painters]]
[[Category:19th-century English male artists]]
[[Category:20th-century English male artists]]
[[Category:English expatriates in Italy]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Korea]]

Latest revision as of 09:20, 12 November 2024

Arnold Henry Savage Landor
Arnold Henry Savage Landor, with kittens Kerman and Zeris, with whom he travelled in Across Coveted Lands
Arnold Henry Savage Landor, with Persian kittens Kerman and Zeris, with whom he travelled in Across Coveted Lands
Born(1865-06-02)2 June 1865
Florence, Italy
Died26 December 1924(1924-12-26) (aged 59)
Florence, Italy
Occupation(s)painter, explorer, writer, anthropologist
Signature

Arnold Henry Savage Landor (2 June 1865 – 26 December 1924) was an English painter, explorer, writer, and anthropologist.[1]

Life and career

[edit]

Arnold H. S. Landor was born to Charles Savage Landor in Florence, Italy, where he spent his childhood. The writer Walter Savage Landor was his grandfather.[2]

He left for Paris at age fifteen to study at the Académie Julian directed by Gustave Boulanger and Jules Lefebvre. He then traveled the world, including America, Japan, and Korea, painting many landscapes and portraits. His 1895 travel memoirs from Korea included accounts of appointments to portray two Princes of the ruling Min clan, each of whom received him more graciously than they had the British consul. The gifts from one of his sitters included a white leopard skin and a set of screens that were of especial rarity.[3] Upon his return to England, he was invited to Balmoral by Queen Victoria to recount his adventures and show his drawings. He later traveled to Nepal and Tibet, telling of his experiences in two books: In the Forbidden Land (1898) and Tibet and Nepal (1905).

When he learned about the Boxer Rebellion in China he went to Peking (now spelled Beijing) to join the victory parade, afterward writing China and the Allies (1901). In 1901 he traveled from Russia to India, riding on horseback through Persia, publishing the account of that journey in the book Across Coveted Lands (1902). A journey to the Philippine Islands resulted in another book: The Gems of the East (1904).

During the 1900s he visited Abyssinia and painted a portrait of the king Menelik II. Landor's book Across Widest Africa was published in 1906. During 1911 and 1912 he made an eventful expedition to the Mato Grosso in Brazil and in 1913 published Across Unknown South America.

He had an active role in World War I, designing tanks and airships. Eventually, he retired to write his autobiography in Florence, where he died in 1924.

Portrait appearing in 1895 travel memoirs by Savage-Landor who visited Korea not long after its opening to Western trade.

He is buried in the English Cemetery, Florence.

Works

[edit]
[edit]
  • Tibetan Girl Using a Sling by Savage-Landor
    Tibetan Girl Using a Sling by Savage-Landor
  • Caricature of Savage-Landor by "Astz" in the magazine Vanity Fair, 1913
    Caricature of Savage-Landor by "Astz" in the magazine Vanity Fair, 1913
  • Sketch portrait of Prince Min-Young-Huan of Korea (published 1895), who gifted to Savage-Landor a variety of animals and objects in exchange, including a snow leopard skin and some wooden screens that he brought back to England.
    Sketch portrait of Prince Min-Young-Huan of Korea (published 1895), who gifted to Savage-Landor a variety of animals and objects in exchange, including a snow leopard skin and some wooden screens that he brought back to England.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ DNBL Missing Persons. LANDOR, (Arnold) Henry (Savage), T. C. Farmbrough. p 385
  2. ^ "A. HENRY SAVAGE LANDOR". Florin. Archived from the original on 8 October 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
  3. ^ Corea or Cho-sen, Land of the Morning Calm A. Henry Savage-Landor (1895) William Heinemann, London https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/13128/pg13128-images.html#LIST_OF_PLATES Retrieved 18 September 2023
  4. ^ "Review of Alone with the Hairy Ainu by A. H. Savage Landor". The Athenaeum (3450): 799–800. 9 December 1893.
  5. ^ Corea or Cho-sen, Land of the Morning Calm A. Henry Savage-Landor (1895) William Heinemann, London https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/13128/pg13128-images.html#LIST_OF_PLATES Retrieved 18 September 2023
[edit]
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