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Nagasaki Prefecture: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 32°45′00″N 129°52′03″E / 32.75000°N 129.86750°E / 32.75000; 129.86750
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{{Short description|Prefecture of Japan}}
{{Short description|Prefecture of Japan}}
{{Redirect|Nagasaki, Japan|the city|Nagasaki}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| huyen
| name = Nagasaki Prefecture
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|光头强}}}}
= Nagasaki Prefecture
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|長崎県}}}}
| settlement_type = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| settlement_type = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| translit_lang1 = Japanese
| translit_lang1 = Japanese
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| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Romanization of Japanese|Rōmaji]]
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Romanization of Japanese|Rōmaji]]
| translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ja-Latn|Nagasaki-ken}}
| translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ja-Latn|Nagasaki-ken}}
| image_skyline = Albuquerque Bridge-Sasebo River, Sasebo.jpg
| image_caption = [[Obon Festival]] with [[tōrō nagashi]] lantern release on the [[Albuquerque Bridge]] over the Sasebo River, [[Sasebo City]], Nagasaki Prefecture
| image_flag = Flag of Nagasaki Prefecture.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Nagasaki Prefecture.svg
| flag_size = 100px
| flag_size = 100px
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| blank_emblem_type = Symbol
| blank_emblem_type = Symbol
| image_map = Map of Japan with highlight on 42 Nagasaki prefecture.svg
| image_map = Map of Japan with highlight on 42 Nagasaki prefecture.svg
| coordinates =
| coordinates = {{Coord|32|45|00|N|129|52|03|E|region:JP-42_type:adm1st_scale:500000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Japan}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Japan}}
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| parts_type = Subdivisions
| parts_type = Subdivisions
| parts_style = para
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Districts of Japan|Districts]]: 4
| p1 = [[Districts of Japan|Districts]]: 4
| p2 = [[Municipalities of Japan|Municipalities]]: 21
| p2 = [[Municipalities of Japan|Municipalities]]: 21
| leader_title = [[List of prefectural governors in Japan|Governor]]
| leader_title = [[List of prefectural governors in Japan|Governor]]
| leader_name = [[Hōdō Nakamura]]
| leader_name = [[Kengo Oishi]] <small>since 2 March 2022</small>
| area_total_km2 = 4130.88
| area_total_km2 = 4130.88
| area_water_percent = 8.5
| area_water_percent = 8.5
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| population_rank = [[List of Japanese prefectures by population|27th]]
| population_rank = [[List of Japanese prefectures by population|27th]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府 |url=https://www.esri.cao.go.jp/jp/sna/data/data_list/kakuhou/files/2020/2020_kaku_top.html |access-date=2023-05-18 |website=内閣府ホームページ |language=ja}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = [[JP¥]]4,800 billion<br />[[US$]]43.9 billion (2019)
| iso_code = JP-42
| iso_code = JP-42
| website = {{URL|www.pref.nagasaki.jp/en}}
| website = {{URL|www.pref.nagasaki.jp/en}}
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| module = {{Infobox place symbols
| country = Japan
|embedded = yes
|country = Japan
| bird = [[Mandarin duck]] (''Aix&nbsp;galericulata'')
|bird = [[Mandarin duck]] (''Aix&nbsp;galericulata'')
| fish =
|fish =
| flower = Unzentsutsuji (''[[Rhododendron]]&nbsp;serpyllifolium'')
|flower = Unzentsutsuji (''[[Rhododendron]]&nbsp;serpyllifolium'')
| tree = [[Sawara cypress|Sawara]] (''Chamaecyparis&nbsp;pisifera'')
|tree = [[Sawara cypress|Sawara]] (''Chamaecyparis&nbsp;pisifera'')
}}}}
}}
{{nihongo|'''Nagasaki Prefecture'''|長崎県|Nagasaki-ken}} is a [[Prefectures of Japan|prefecture]] of [[Japan]] located on the island of [[Kyūshū]]. Nagasaki Prefecture has a population of 1,314,078 (1 June 2020) and has a geographic area of 4,130 [[Square kilometre|km<sup>2</sup>]] (1,594 [[sq mi]]). Nagasaki Prefecture borders [[Saga Prefecture]] to the northeast.
| anthem = [[:ja:南の風 (県民歌)|Minami no kaze]]
| population_blank1_title = Dialects
| population_blank1 = [[Nagasaki dialect|Nagasaki]]・[[Tsushima dialect|Tsushima]]
}}


[[Nagasaki]] is the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture, with other major cities including [[Sasebo, Nagasaki|Sasebo]], [[Isahaya, Nagasaki|Isahaya]], and [[Ōmura, Nagasaki|Ōmura]]. Nagasaki Prefecture is located in western Kyūshū with a territory consisting of many mainland [[peninsula]]s centered around [[Ōmura Bay]], as well as islands and [[archipelago]]s including [[Tsushima Island|Tsushima]] and [[Iki Island|Iki]] in the [[Korea Strait]] and the [[Gotō Islands]] in the [[East China Sea]]. Nagasaki Prefecture is known for its century-long [[Nanban trade|trading history with the Europeans]] and as the sole place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the ''[[Sakoku]]'' period. Nagasaki Prefecture is home to several of the [[Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region]] which have been declared a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]].
{{Nihongo|'''Nagasaki Prefecture'''|長崎県|Nagasaki-ken}} is a [[Prefectures of Japan|prefecture]] of [[Japan]], mainly located on the island of [[Kyūshū]], although it also includes a number of islands off Kyūshū's northwest coast - including Tsushima and Iki. Nagasaki Prefecture has a population of 1,314,078 (1 June 2020) and has a geographic area of 4,130 [[Square kilometre|km<sup>2</sup>]] (1,594 [[sq mi]]). Nagasaki Prefecture borders [[Saga Prefecture]] to the northeast.
[[Nagasaki]] is the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture, with other major cities including [[Sasebo]], [[Isahaya, Nagasaki|Isahaya]], and [[Ōmura, Nagasaki|Ōmura]]. Nagasaki Prefecture is located in western Kyūshū with a territory consisting of many mainland [[peninsula]]s centered around [[Ōmura Bay]], as well as islands and [[archipelago]]s including [[Tsushima Island|Tsushima]] and [[Iki Island|Iki]] in the [[Korea Strait]] and the [[Gotō Islands]] in the [[East China Sea]]. Nagasaki Prefecture is known for its century-long [[Nanban trade|trading history with the Europeans]] and as the sole place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the ''[[Sakoku]]'' period. Nagasaki Prefecture is home to several of the [[Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region]] which have been declared a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]].


== History ==
== History ==
{{See also|Historic Sites of Nagasaki Prefecture}}
{{See also|Historic Sites of Nagasaki Prefecture}}

Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of [[Hizen Province|Hizen]] with the island provinces of [[Tsushima Province|Tsushima]] and [[Iki Province|Iki]].<ref>Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|p. 780|page=780}}.</ref> Facing China and Korea, the region around [[Hirado, Nagasaki|Hirado]] was a traditional center for traders and pirates.
Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of [[Hizen Province|Hizen]] with the island provinces of [[Tsushima Province|Tsushima]] and [[Iki Province|Iki]].<ref>Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|Japan Encyclopedia|page=780}}.</ref> Facing China and Korea, the region around [[Hirado, Nagasaki|Hirado]] was a traditional center for traders and pirates.

[[File:Kuichi Uchida View of Nagasaki Japan 1872 Hand-colored Vintage Albumen Print.jpg|thumb|left|[[Kuichi Uchida]]'s image of Nagasaki in 1872]]
[[File:Kuichi Uchida View of Nagasaki Japan 1872 Hand-colored Vintage Albumen Print.jpg|thumb|left|[[Kuichi Uchida]]'s image of Nagasaki in 1872]]

During the 16th century, [[Catholic missions|Catholic missionaries]] and traders from [[Portugal]] arrived and became active in Hirado and Nagasaki, which became a major center for foreign trade. After being given free rein in [[Oda Nobunaga]]'s period, the missionaries were forced out little by little, until finally, in the [[Edo period|Tokugawa]] era, Christianity was banned under the ''[[Sakoku]]'' national isolation policy: Japanese foreign trade was restricted to Chinese and Dutch traders based at [[Dejima]] in Nagasaki. However, ''[[Kirishitan]]'' (Japanese Christian) worship continued underground. These ''[[Kakure Kirishitan]]'' (hidden Christians) were tried at every step, forced to step on [[Fumie|''fumi-e'']] ("trample pictures", images of the [[Virgin Mary]] and saints) to prove that they were non-Christian. With the banishment of all Catholic [[missionaries]], traders from Catholic countries were also forced out of the country. Along with them, their children, half Japanese and half European, were forced to leave. The majority was sent to Jagatara ([[Jakarta]]) and are still remembered by the locals as the people who wrote the poignant letters which were smuggled across the sea to their homeland.
During the 16th century, [[Catholic missions|Catholic missionaries]] and traders from [[Portugal]] arrived and became active in Hirado and Nagasaki, which became a major center for foreign trade. After being given free rein in [[Oda Nobunaga]]'s period, the missionaries were forced out little by little, until finally, in the [[Edo period|Tokugawa]] era, Christianity was banned under the ''[[Sakoku]]'' national isolation policy: Japanese foreign trade was restricted to Chinese and Dutch traders based at [[Dejima]] in Nagasaki. However, ''[[Kirishitan]]'' (Japanese Christian) worship continued underground. These ''[[Kakure Kirishitan]]'' (hidden Christians) were tried at every step, forced to step on [[Fumie|''fumi-e'']] ("trample pictures", images of the [[Virgin Mary]] and saints) to prove that they were non-Christian. With the banishment of all Catholic [[missionaries]], traders from Catholic countries were also forced out of the country. Along with them, their children, half Japanese and half European, were forced to leave. The majority was sent to Jagatara ([[Jakarta]]) and are still remembered by the locals as the people who wrote the poignant letters which were smuggled across the sea to their homeland.


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[[File:Prefect Office Nagasaki.jpg|thumb|Nagasaki Prefect Office, Meiji Period]]
[[File:Prefect Office Nagasaki.jpg|thumb|Nagasaki Prefect Office, Meiji Period]]
⚫
During the [[Meiji Restoration]], Nagasaki and [[Sasebo, Nagasaki|Sasebo]] became major ports for foreign trade, and eventually major military bases and shipbuilding centers for the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] and the [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] up to [[World War II]]. On August 9, 1945, the [[United States]] dropped an [[atomic bomb]] on Nagasaki, which destroyed all buildings in a {{convert|1.6|km|mi|1}} radius from the point of impact and extensively damaged other parts of the city. Roughly 39,000 people were killed, including 27,778 Japanese munitions workers, 2,000 Korean forced workers, and 150 Japanese soldiers. About 68-80% of the industrial production was destroyed to the point it would not recover for months or at least a year.


⚫
During the [[Meiji Restoration]], Nagasaki and [[Sasebo, Nagasaki|Sasebo]] became major ports for foreign trade, and eventually major military bases and shipbuilding centers for the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] and the [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] up to [[World War II]]. [[Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki|On August 9, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki]], which destroyed all buildings in a {{convert|1.6|km|mi|1}} radius from the point of impact and extensively damaged other parts of the city. Roughly 39,000 people were killed, including 27,778 Japanese munitions workers, 2,000 Korean forced workers, and 150 Japanese soldiers. About 68-80% of the industrial production was destroyed to the point it would not recover for months or at least a year.
⚫
Nagasaki Prefecture contains many areas prone to heavy rain and landslide damage. In July 1957, mainly in the Isahaya area, damage from heavy rains, flooding and landslides lead to a death toll of 586, with 136 people missing and 3,860 injured. In July 1982, typhoon damage in the Nagasaki area lead to 299 fatalities, according to a report by the Japanese government.{{Citation needed|date=May 2015}}

[[File:諫早豪雨(2).jpg|thumb|right|220px|An overview of 1957 Isahaya floods]]
⚫
Nagasaki Prefecture contains many areas prone to heavy rain and subsequent landslide damage. In July 1957, mainly in the Isahaya area, damage from heavy rains, flooding and landslides lead to a death toll of 586, with 136 people missing and 3,860 injured. In July 1982, typhoon damage in the Nagasaki area lead to 299 fatalities, according to a report by the Japanese government.{{Citation needed|date=May 2015}}


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
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{{See also|List of cities in Nagasaki Prefecture by population}}
{{See also|List of cities in Nagasaki Prefecture by population}}
[[File:Map of Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|thumb|Map of Nagasaki Prefecture<br />{{legend0|#EAB|City}} {{legend0|#ED9|Town}}]]
[[File:Map of Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|thumb|Map of Nagasaki Prefecture<br />{{legend0|#EAB|City}} {{legend0|#ED9|Town}}]]
[[Image:Nagasaki City view from Mt Inasa04s.jpg|thumb|right|Night view of Nagasaki City]]
[[Image:Nagasaki City view from Mt Inasa04s.jpg|thumb|right|Night view of Nagasaki City]]
[[Image:Nishi-Kyushu Exp Sasebo Chuo IC 2011.JPG|thumb|right|Sasebo]]
[[Image:Nishi-Kyushu Exp Sasebo Chuo IC 2011.JPG|thumb|right|Sasebo]]
[[Image:140321 A view from Shimabara Castle Shimabara Nagasaki pref Japan04s3.jpg|thumb|right|Shimabara]]
[[Image:140321 A view from Shimabara Castle Shimabara Nagasaki pref Japan04s3.jpg|thumb|right|Shimabara]]
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|[[File:Isahaya in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Isahaya in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Matsuura nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Matsuura, Nagasaki|Matsuura]]
|[[File:Flag of Matsuura, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Matsuura, Nagasaki|Matsuura]]
|松浦市
|松浦市
|130.37
|130.37
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|[[File:Tsushima in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|50x50px]]
|[[File:Tsushima in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|50x50px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Unzen Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Unzen, Nagasaki|Unzen]]
|[[File:Flag of Unzen, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Unzen, Nagasaki|Unzen]]
|雲仙市
|雲仙市
|206.92
|206.92
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![[Kanji]]
![[Kanji]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Hasami Nagasaki.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[Hasami, Nagasaki|Hasami]]
|[[File:Flag of Hasami, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Hasami, Nagasaki|Hasami]]
|波佐見町
|波佐見町
|56
|56
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|[[File:Hasami in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Hasami in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Higashisonogi Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Higashisonogi, Nagasaki|Higashisonogi]]
|[[File:Flag of Higashisonogi, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Higashisonogi, Nagasaki|Higashisonogi]]
|東彼杵町
|東彼杵町
|74.29
|74.29
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|[[File:Higashisonogi in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Higashisonogi in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of kawatana Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Kawatana, Nagasaki|Kawatana]]
|[[File:Flag of Kawatana, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Kawatana, Nagasaki|Kawatana]]
|川棚町
|川棚町
|74.25
|74.25
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|[[File:Kawatana in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Kawatana in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Nagayo Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Nagayo, Nagasaki|Nagayo]]
|[[File:Flag of Nagayo, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Nagayo, Nagasaki|Nagayo]]
|長与町
|長与町
|28.81
|28.81
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|[[File:Nagayo in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Nagayo in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Ojika Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Ojika, Nagasaki|Ojika]]
|[[File:Flag of Ojika, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Ojika, Nagasaki|Ojika]]
|小値賀町
|小値賀町
|25.46
|25.46
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|[[File:Ojika in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Ojika in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Saza Nagasaki.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[Saza, Nagasaki|Saza]]
|[[File:Flag of Saza, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Saza, Nagasaki|Saza]]
|佐々町
|佐々町
|32.3
|32.3
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|[[File:Saza in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Saza in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Shinkamigoto Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Shin-Kamigotō]]
|[[File:Flag of Shinkamigoto, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Shin-Kamigotō]]
|新上五島町
|新上五島町
|213.98
|213.98
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|[[File:Shinkamigoto in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|[[File:Shinkamigoto in Nagasaki Prefecture Ja.svg|frameless|51x51px]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Flag of Togitsu Nagasaki.JPG|frameless|25x25px]] [[Togitsu, Nagasaki|Togitsu]]
|[[File:Flag of Togitsu, Nagasaki.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Togitsu, Nagasaki|Togitsu]]
|時津町
|時津町
|20.73
|20.73
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The [[Nagasaki Saints]] of the former [[Shikoku-Kyūshū Island League]] made Nagasaki Prefecture their home prior to their dissolving.
The [[Nagasaki Saints]] of the former [[Shikoku-Kyūshū Island League]] made Nagasaki Prefecture their home prior to their dissolving.


== Tourism ==
== Visitor attractions==
{{see|Tourism in Japan}}
[[File:Osezaki lighthouse.jpg|thumb|View of [[Osezaki Lighthouse]] on [[Fukue Island]]]]
[[File:Osezaki lighthouse.jpg|thumb|View of [[Osezaki Lighthouse]] on [[Fukue Island]]]]
[[File:MiuraAnjinNoHaka.jpg|thumb|Grave of [[William Adams (sailor, born 1564)|William Adams]] in Hirado]]
[[File:MiuraAnjinNoHaka.jpg|thumb|Grave of [[William Adams (sailor, born 1564)|William Adams]] in Hirado inscribed with his Japanese title ''Miura Anjin'' (三浦按針)]]
[[File:Shimabara_Castle_Tower_20090906.jpg|thumb|[[Shimabara Castle]]]]
[[File:Shimabara_Castle_Tower_20090906.jpg|thumb|[[Shimabara Castle]]]]
[[File:Nagasaki_Sofukuji_M5533.jpg|thumb|[[Sōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)|Sōfuku-ji]] Ōbaku Zen temple in Nagasaki]]
[[File:Nagasaki_Sofukuji_M5533.jpg|thumb|[[Sōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)|Sōfuku-ji]] Ōbaku Zen temple in Nagasaki]]
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*Nagasaki (capital city)
*Nagasaki (capital city)
** [[Ōura Church]]
**[[Confucius Shrine, Nagasaki]]
** [[Urakami Cathedral]]
**[[Glover Garden]]
** [[Confucius Shrine, Nagasaki]]
**[[Hashima Island]]
**[[Kofukuji (Nagasaki)|Kofukuji]]
** [[Glover Garden]]
**[[Mount Inasa]]
** [[Nagasaki Chinatown|Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown]]
** [[Mount Inasa]]
**[[Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown]]
** [[Kōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)|Kōfuku-ji]]
**[[Basilica of the Twenty-Six Holy Martyrs of Japan (Nagasaki)|Ōura Church]]
** [[Sōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)|Sōfuku-ji]]
**[[Sōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)|Sōfuku-ji]]
** [[Suwa Shrine (Nagasaki)|Suwa Shrine]]
**[[Suwa Shrine (Nagasaki)|Suwa Shrine]]
**[[Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Nagasaki|Urakami Cathedral]]
*Hirado
*Hirado
** [[Hirado Castle]]
**[[Hirado Castle]]
** [[Sakikata Park]]
**Sakikata Park
*Sasebo
*Sasebo
⚫
**[[Huis Ten Bosch (theme park)|Huis Ten Bosch]]
** [[Kujū-ku Islands]]
**[[Kujūku Islands]]
⚫
** [[Huis Ten Bosch (theme park)]]
** [[Tenkaihō]]
**[[Tenkaihō Takayuki]]
*Saikai
*Saikai
** [[Nagasaki Bio Park]]
**Nagasaki Bio Park
*Shimabara Peninsula
*Shimabara Peninsula
** [[Mount Unzen]]
**[[Mount Unzen]]
** [[Shimabara Castle]]
**[[Shimabara Castle]]


==Transportation==
==Transportation==
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*[[JR Kyushu]]
*[[JR Kyushu]]
**[[Nagasaki Main Line]]
**[[Nagasaki Main Line]]
**[[Sasebo Line]]
**[[Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen]]
**[[Omura Line]]
**[[Omura Line]]
*[[Shimabara Railway]]
**[[Sasebo Line]]
*[[Matsuura Railway]]
*[[Matsuura Railway]]
**[[Nishi-Kyūshū Line]]
**[[Nishi-Kyūshū Line]]
*[[Shimabara Railway]]


===Tram===
===Tram===
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====Expressways and toll roads====
====Expressways and toll roads====
⚫
*[[Nagasaki Expressway]]
*West Kyushu Expressway
⚫
*Nagasaki Dejima Road
*Kawahira Toll Road
*Kawahira Toll Road
*Kunimi Toll Road
*Kunimi Toll Road
*Kawahira Toll Road
*Nagasaki Dejima Road
⚫
*[[Nagasaki Expressway]]
*[[Nishi-Kyūshū Expressway]]


====National highways====
====National highways====
* [[Japan National Route 34|Route 34]]
*[[Japan National Route 34|Route 34]]
* [[Japan National Route 35|Route 35]]
*[[Japan National Route 35|Route 35]]
* [[Japan National Route 57|Route 57]]
*[[Japan National Route 57|Route 57]]
* [[Japan National Route 202|Route 202]]
*[[Japan National Route 202|Route 202]]
* [[Japan National Route 204|Route 204]]
*[[Japan National Route 204|Route 204]]
* [[Japan National Route 205|Route 205]]
*[[Japan National Route 205|Route 205]]
* [[Japan National Route 206|Route 206]]
*[[Japan National Route 206|Route 206]]
* [[Japan National Route 207|Route 207]]
*[[Japan National Route 207|Route 207]]
* [[Japan National Route 251|Route 251]]
*[[Japan National Route 251|Route 251]]
* [[Japan National Route 324|Route 324]]
*[[Japan National Route 324|Route 324]]
* [[Japan National Route 382|Route 382]]
*[[Japan National Route 382|Route 382]]
* [[Japan National Route 383|Route 383]]
*[[Japan National Route 383|Route 383]]
* [[Japan National Route 384|Route 384]]
*[[Japan National Route 384|Route 384]]
* [[Japan National Route 389|Route 389]]
*[[Japan National Route 389|Route 389]]
* [[Japan National Route 444|Route 444]]
*[[Japan National Route 444|Route 444]]
* [[Japan National Route 498|Route 498]]
*[[Japan National Route 498|Route 498]]
* [[Japan National Route 499|Route 499]]
*[[Japan National Route 499|Route 499]]


===Ports===
===Ports===
⚫
*Fukue Port
⚫
*Gonoura Port of Iki Island
⚫
*Hirado Port
⚫
*Izuhara Port of Tsushima
⚫
*Matsuura Port
*[[Nagasaki Port]]
*[[Nagasaki Port]]
*Sasebo Port
*Sasebo Port
⚫
*Matsuura Port
⚫
*Hirado Port
*Shimabara Port
*Shimabara Port
⚫
*Fukue Port
⚫
*Izuhara Port of Tsushima
⚫
*Gonoura Port of Iki Island


===Airports===
===Airports===
⚫
*[[Nagasaki Airport]]
*[[Fukue Airport]]
*[[Iki Airport]]
*[[Iki Airport]]
⚫
*[[Fukue Airport]]
⚫
*[[Nagasaki Airport]]
*[[Tsushima Airport]]
*[[Tsushima Airport]]


==Politics==
==Politics==
{{Main|Politics of Nagasaki}}
{{Main|Politics of Nagasaki}}
The current governor of Nagasaki is former vice-governor [[Hōdō Nakamura]]. First elected in 2010 to succeed [[Genjirō Kaneko]], he was reelected for a second term in 2014.


The current governor of Nagasaki is [[Kengo Oishi]], who defeated three-term incumbent [[Hōdō Nakamura]] in 2022. Oishi, a doctor, was 39 years old when he took office, and the youngest sitting prefectural governor in Japan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Incumbent defeated in Nagasaki governor election |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/02/21/national/politics-diplomacy/nagasaki-governor-election/ |website=The Japan Times |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref> Nakamura was first elected in 2010 to succeed [[Genjirō Kaneko]] and was previously a vice-governor.
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The prefectural assembly of Nagasaki has a regular membership of 46, elected in 16 electoral districts in unified regional elections (last round: [[2011 Japanese unified local elections|2011]]). As of April 2014, the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]]-led caucus has 23 members, the [[Democratic Party (Japan, 1998)|DPJ]]-[[Social Democratic Party (Japan)|SDP]]-led caucus 17.

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The {{ill|Nagasaki Prefectural Assembly|ja|長崎県議会}} has a regular membership of 46, elected in 16 electoral districts in unified regional elections (last round: [[2011 Japanese unified local elections|2011]]). As of April 2014, the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]]-led caucus has 23 members, the [[Democratic Party (Japan, 1998)|DPJ]]-[[Social Democratic Party (Japan)|SDP]]-led caucus 17.


In the National Diet, Nagasaki is represented by four directly elected members of the House of Representatives and two (one per ordinary election) of the House of Councillors. After the most recent national elections of 2010, 2012 and 2013, Nagasaki sends an all-LDP delegation to the Diet (excluding members who lost election in Nagasaki districts, but were elected to the proportional representation segment of the House of Representatives in the [[Kyūshū PR block|Kyūshū block]]).
In the National Diet, Nagasaki is represented by four directly elected members of the House of Representatives and two (one per ordinary election) of the House of Councillors. After the most recent national elections of 2010, 2012 and 2013, Nagasaki sends an all-LDP delegation to the Diet (excluding members who lost election in Nagasaki districts, but were elected to the proportional representation segment of the House of Representatives in the [[Kyūshū PR block|Kyūshū block]]).


==Notes==
== Citations ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== General references ==
==References==
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]
*Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC ''Japan Encyclopedia'']. Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; {{OCLC|58053128}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons|Nagasaki prefecture}}
{{Commons|Nagasaki prefecture}}
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{{Wikivoyage|Nagasaki (prefecture)}}
* {{Official website|https://www.pref.nagasaki.jp/index.html}}
*{{Official website|https://www.pref.nagasaki.jp/index.html}}
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* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Nagasaki (prefecture)}}
* {{osmrelation-inline|1842151}}
*{{osmrelation-inline|1842151}}


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{{Nagasaki}}
{{Nagasaki}}
{{Regions and administrative divisions of Japan}}
{{Regions and administrative divisions of Japan}}

Latest revision as of 12:46, 12 November 2024

"Nagasaki, Japan" redirects here. For the city, see Nagasaki.
Nagasaki Prefecture
長崎県
Prefecture
Japanese transcription(s)
 • Japanese長崎県
 • RōmajiNagasaki-ken
Obon Festival with tōrō nagashi lantern release on the Albuquerque Bridge over the Sasebo River, Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture
Obon Festival with tōrō nagashi lantern release on the Albuquerque Bridge over the Sasebo River, Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture
Flag of Nagasaki Prefecture
Flag
Official logo of Nagasaki Prefecture
Symbol
Anthem: Minami no kaze
Location of Nagasaki Prefecture
Coordinates: 32°45′00″N 129°52′03″E / 32.75000°N 129.86750°E / 32.75000; 129.86750
Country Japan
RegionKyushu
IslandKyushu
CapitalNagasaki
SubdivisionsDistricts: 4, Municipalities: 21
Government
 • GovernorKengo Oishi since 2 March 2022
Area
 • Total
4,130.88 km2 (1,594.94 sq mi)
 • Rank37th
Population
 (June 1, 2020)
 • Total
1,314,078
 • Rank27th
 • Density320/km2 (820/sq mi)
 • Dialects
Nagasaki・Tsushima
GDP
[1]
 • TotalJP¥4,800 billion
US$43.9 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 codeJP-42
Websitewww.pref.nagasaki.jp/en
Symbols of Japan
BirdMandarin duck (Aix galericulata)
FlowerUnzentsutsuji (Rhododendron serpyllifolium)
TreeSawara (Chamaecyparis pisifera)

Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県, Nagasaki-ken) is a prefecture of Japan, mainly located on the island of Kyūshū, although it also includes a number of islands off Kyūshū's northwest coast - including Tsushima and Iki. Nagasaki Prefecture has a population of 1,314,078 (1 June 2020) and has a geographic area of 4,130 km2 (1,594 sq mi). Nagasaki Prefecture borders Saga Prefecture to the northeast.

Nagasaki is the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Sasebo, Isahaya, and Ōmura. Nagasaki Prefecture is located in western Kyūshū with a territory consisting of many mainland peninsulas centered around Ōmura Bay, as well as islands and archipelagos including Tsushima and Iki in the Korea Strait and the Gotō Islands in the East China Sea. Nagasaki Prefecture is known for its century-long trading history with the Europeans and as the sole place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the Sakoku period. Nagasaki Prefecture is home to several of the Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region which have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

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See also: Historic Sites of Nagasaki Prefecture

Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of Hizen with the island provinces of Tsushima and Iki.[2] Facing China and Korea, the region around Hirado was a traditional center for traders and pirates.

Kuichi Uchida's image of Nagasaki in 1872

During the 16th century, Catholic missionaries and traders from Portugal arrived and became active in Hirado and Nagasaki, which became a major center for foreign trade. After being given free rein in Oda Nobunaga's period, the missionaries were forced out little by little, until finally, in the Tokugawa era, Christianity was banned under the Sakoku national isolation policy: Japanese foreign trade was restricted to Chinese and Dutch traders based at Dejima in Nagasaki. However, Kirishitan (Japanese Christian) worship continued underground. These Kakure Kirishitan (hidden Christians) were tried at every step, forced to step on fumi-e ("trample pictures", images of the Virgin Mary and saints) to prove that they were non-Christian. With the banishment of all Catholic missionaries, traders from Catholic countries were also forced out of the country. Along with them, their children, half Japanese and half European, were forced to leave. The majority was sent to Jagatara (Jakarta) and are still remembered by the locals as the people who wrote the poignant letters which were smuggled across the sea to their homeland.

Today, Nagasaki has prominent Catholic churches, and the Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region, have been included on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Nagasaki Prefect Office, Meiji Period

During the Meiji Restoration, Nagasaki and Sasebo became major ports for foreign trade, and eventually major military bases and shipbuilding centers for the Imperial Japanese Navy and the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries up to World War II. On August 9, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, which destroyed all buildings in a 1.6 kilometres (1.0 mi) radius from the point of impact and extensively damaged other parts of the city. Roughly 39,000 people were killed, including 27,778 Japanese munitions workers, 2,000 Korean forced workers, and 150 Japanese soldiers. About 68-80% of the industrial production was destroyed to the point it would not recover for months or at least a year.

An overview of 1957 Isahaya floods

Nagasaki Prefecture contains many areas prone to heavy rain and subsequent landslide damage. In July 1957, mainly in the Isahaya area, damage from heavy rains, flooding and landslides lead to a death toll of 586, with 136 people missing and 3,860 injured. In July 1982, typhoon damage in the Nagasaki area lead to 299 fatalities, according to a report by the Japanese government.[citation needed]

Geography

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Nagasaki borders Saga Prefecture on the east, and is otherwise surrounded by water, including Ariake Bay, the Tsushima Straits (far from Busan and South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea), and the East China Sea. It also includes a large number of islands such as Tsushima, Iki and Goto. Most of the prefecture is near the coast and there are a number of ports such as Nagasaki and a United States Navy base at Sasebo.

As of 1 April 2014, 18% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely the Saikai and Unzen-Amakusa National Parks; Genkai and Iki-Tsushima Quasi-National Parks; and Hokushō, Nishi Sonogi Hantō, Nomo Hantō, Ōmurawan, Shimabara Hantō, and Taradake Prefectural Natural Parks.[3]

Cities

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See also: List of cities in Nagasaki Prefecture by population
Map of Nagasaki Prefecture
     City      Town
Night view of Nagasaki City
Sasebo
Shimabara

Thirteen cities are located in Nagasaki Prefecture:

Name Area (km2) Population Map
Rōmaji Kanji
Gotō 五島市 420.81 37,775
Hirado 平戸市 235.63 31,192
Iki 壱岐市 138.57 28,008
Isahaya 諫早市 341.79 135,546
Matsuura 松浦市 130.37 23,566
Minamishimabara 南島原市 169.89 45,465
Nagasaki (capital) 長崎市 240.71 407,624
Ōmura 大村市 126.34 95,146
Saikai 西海市 242.01 28,815
Sasebo 佐世保市 426.06 247,739
Shimabara 島原市 82.77 44,936
Tsushima 対馬市 708.61 31,550
Unzen 雲仙市 206.92 42,457

Districts

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These are the towns and villages of each district:

Name Area (km2) Population District Type Map
Rōmaji Kanji
Hasami 波佐見町 56 14,940 Higashisonogi District Town
Higashisonogi 東彼杵町 74.29 8,175 Higashisonogi District Town
Kawatana 川棚町 74.25 9,219 Higashisonogi District Town
Nagayo 長与町 28.81 42,570 Nishisonogi District Town
Ojika 小値賀町 25.46 2,588 Kitamatsuura District Town
Saza 佐々町 32.3 13,825 Kitamatsuura District Town
Shin-Kamigotō 新上五島町 213.98 19,886 Minami-Matsuura District Town
Togitsu 時津町 20.73 30,084 Nishisonogi District Town

Mergers

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Main article: List of mergers in Nagasaki Prefecture

The following municipalities have been dissolved since the year 2000.

Culture

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Religion

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Religious denominations in the Nagasaki Prefecture (1996)[4]

  Pure Land Buddhism (19.5%)
  Zen Buddhism (3.6%)
  Tendai or Shingon Buddhism (4.9%)
  Soka Gakkai (3%)
  Nichiren Buddhism (5.1%)
  Other Buddhist schools (3%)
  Christianity (5.1%)
  Shinto sects (2%)
  Folk Shinto or no religion (53.8%)

Nagasaki is the most Christianized area in Japan with Roman Catholic missions having been established there as early as the 16th century. Shusaku Endo's novel Silence draws from the oral history of the local Christian (Kirishitan) communities, both Kakure Kirishitan and Hanare Kirishitan.

As of 2002, there are 68,617 Catholics in Nagasaki Prefecture, accounting for 4.52 percent of the population of the prefecture.

Sports

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Transcosmos Stadium Nagasaki in Isahaya.

The city has one football team, V-Varen Nagasaki, which plays in the J2 League.

The Nagasaki Saints of the former Shikoku-Kyūshū Island League made Nagasaki Prefecture their home prior to their dissolving.

Visitor attractions

[edit]
Further information: Tourism in Japan
View of Osezaki Lighthouse on Fukue Island
Grave of William Adams in Hirado inscribed with his Japanese title Miura Anjin (三浦按針)
Shimabara Castle
Sōfuku-ji Ōbaku Zen temple in Nagasaki
Kujūku Islands in Sasebo

Transportation

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Rail

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Tram

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Roads

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Expressways and toll roads

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National highways

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Ports

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  • Fukue Port
  • Gonoura Port of Iki Island
  • Hirado Port
  • Izuhara Port of Tsushima
  • Matsuura Port
  • Nagasaki Port
  • Sasebo Port
  • Shimabara Port

Airports

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Politics

[edit]
Main article: Politics of Nagasaki

The current governor of Nagasaki is Kengo Oishi, who defeated three-term incumbent Hōdō Nakamura in 2022. Oishi, a doctor, was 39 years old when he took office, and the youngest sitting prefectural governor in Japan.[5] Nakamura was first elected in 2010 to succeed Genjirō Kaneko and was previously a vice-governor.

The Nagasaki Prefectural Assembly [ja] has a regular membership of 46, elected in 16 electoral districts in unified regional elections (last round: 2011). As of April 2014, the LDP-led caucus has 23 members, the DPJ-SDP-led caucus 17.

In the National Diet, Nagasaki is represented by four directly elected members of the House of Representatives and two (one per ordinary election) of the House of Councillors. After the most recent national elections of 2010, 2012 and 2013, Nagasaki sends an all-LDP delegation to the Diet (excluding members who lost election in Nagasaki districts, but were elected to the proportional representation segment of the House of Representatives in the Kyūshū block).

Citations

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  1. ^ "2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府". 内閣府ホームページ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-05-18.
  2. ^ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 780, at Google Books.
  3. ^ "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment. 1 April 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  4. ^ Religion in Japan by prefecture, 1996. English language bar table.
  5. ^ "Incumbent defeated in Nagasaki governor election". The Japan Times. Retrieved 21 December 2022.

General references

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nagasaki prefecture.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nagasaki (prefecture).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Nagasaki_Prefecture&oldid=1256959782"