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Coordinates: 51°54′N 4°10′E / 51.900°N 4.167°E / 51.900; 4.167
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{{about|the city and former municipality in the Netherlands|the borough in New Jersey|Brielle, New Jersey}}
{{about|the town and former municipality in the Netherlands|the borough in New Jersey|Brielle, New Jersey}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
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| other_name = Brill
| other_name = Brill
| native_name =
| native_name =
| settlement_type = City
| settlement_type = [[Town]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline = Brielle vesting 20050518.jpg
| image_skyline = Brielle vesting 20050518.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Historic city centre
| image_caption = Historic town centre
| image_flag = Flag of Brielle.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Brielle.svg
| flag_size = 100x67px
| flag_size = 100x67px
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| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code = 0181
| area_code = 0181
| twin1 = [[Havlíčkův Brod]]
| twin1_country = [[Czech Republic]]
| website = {{URL|1=http://www.brielle.nl}}
| website = {{URL|1=http://www.brielle.nl}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
[[Image:Gem-Brielle-OpenTopo.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Brielle, June 2015]]
[[Image:Gem-Brielle-OpenTopo.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Brielle, June 2015]]
'''Brielle''' ({{IPA-nl|ˈbrilə|pron|Nl-Brielle.ogg}}), also called '''Den Briel''' in Dutch and '''Brill''' in English, is a town and historic seaport in the western [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[South Holland]], on the north side of the island of [[Voorne-Putten]], at the mouth of the New Maas. The former municipality covered an area of {{convert|{{Dutch municipality total area|Brielle}}|km2|abbr=on}} of which {{convert|{{Dutch municipality water area|Brielle}}|km2|abbr=on}} was water. In {{YEAR|{{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}}} its population was {{formatnum:{{Dutch municipality population|Brielle}}}}.
'''Brielle''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈbrilə|pron|Nl-Brielle.ogg}}), also called '''Den Briel''' in Dutch and '''Brill''' in English, is a town and historic seaport in the western [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[South Holland]], on the north side of the island of [[Voorne-Putten]], at the mouth of the New Maas. The former municipality covered an area of {{convert|{{Dutch municipality total area|Brielle}}|km2|abbr=on}} of which {{convert|{{Dutch municipality water area|Brielle}}|km2|abbr=on}} was water. In {{YEAR|{{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}}} its population was {{formatnum:{{Dutch municipality population|Brielle}}}}.


The former municipality of Brielle also included the communities of [[Vierpolders]] and [[Zwartewaal]].
The former municipality of Brielle also included the communities of [[Vierpolders]] and [[Zwartewaal]].


On 1 January 2023, the municipality of Brielle merged with [[Hellevoetsluis]] and [[Westvoorne]] into the new municipality of [[Voorne aan Zee]].
On 1 January 2023, the municipality of Brielle merged with [[Hellevoetsluis]] and [[Westvoorne]] into the new municipality of [[Voorne aan Zee]].

[[Brielle, New Jersey]] was named after Brielle by the Dutch colonists of New Jersey, originally [[New Netherland]].


==History==
==History==
{{unreferenced section|date=March 2014}}
{{unreferenced section|date=March 2014}}
Brielle is a very old, fortified city. Its name is derived from the Celtic word ''brogilo'' (meaning "closed area" or "hunting grounds"). The oldest writings about Brielle indicate that the current location is the "new" Brielle. ''Den ouden Briel'' (Old Brill) must have been situated somewhere else on the [[Voorne-Putten]] Island. It received [[City rights in the Netherlands|city rights]] in 1306. The city was for a long time the seat of the Count of Voorne, until this [[fiefdom]] was added to Holland in 1371. It had its own harbour and traded with the countries around the [[Baltic Sea]]. Brielle even had its own trading colony in [[Sweden]].
Brielle is a very old, fortified town. Its name is derived from the Celtic word ''brogilo'' (meaning "closed area" or "hunting grounds"). The oldest writings about Brielle indicate that the current location is the "new" Brielle. ''Den ouden Briel'' (Old Brill) must have been situated somewhere else on the [[Voorne-Putten]] Island. It grew into a town of prestige in the 14th century. In 1330, Gerard van Voorne, independent Lord of Voorne and Viscount of Zeeland, granted [[town rights]] to Brielle. This gave the town governmental and jurisdictional powers and certain trading rights, such as the right to trade fish and collect port taxes.<ref>[https://historischmuseumdenbriel.nl/collectie/verhaal/stadsgeschiedenis/#:~:text=In%201330%20gaf%20Gerard%20van,in%20vis%2C%20havenbelastingen%20innen%20etc. Stadsgeschiedenis] - website historisch museum den briel</ref> The town was for a long time the seat of the Lords of Voorne, until this [[fiefdom]] was added to the [[County of Holland]] in 1371. It had its own harbour and traded with the countries around the [[Baltic Sea]]. Brielle even had its own trading colony in [[Sweden]].


During the [[Eighty Years' War]] between the Netherlands and Spain, the [[Capture of Brielle]] on April 1, 1572, by Protestant rebels, the [[Les Gueux|Watergeuzen]], marked a turning point in the conflict, as many towns in Holland then began to support [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]] against the Spanish Duke [[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba]] who was sent to pacify The Netherlands. This event is still celebrated each year on April 1 and the night before (known as Chalk Night (kalknacht) when the city is defaced with chalk - and now also white paint). Dutch students are taught a short rhyme to remember this fact, which rhyme refers to [[April Fools' Day]]:
[[File:The Watergeuzen leaders William van der Marck, Willem Bloys van Treslong, Lenaert Jansz de Graeff (Capture of Brielle, NL, April 1st 1572).jpg|thumb|Historic parade in Den Briel to celebrate the 540th anniversary of the Capture of Brielle on April 1st, 2012. The leaders of the sea beggars, [[William II de La Marck|William II de La Marck, Lord Lumey]] (middle), [[Willem Bloys van Treslong]] (left) and [[Lenaert Jansz de Graeff]] (right).]]
During the [[Eighty Years' War]] between the Netherlands and Spain, the [[Capture of Brielle]] on April 1, 1572, by Protestant rebels, the [[Les Gueux|Watergeuzen]], marked a turning point in the conflict, as many towns in Holland then began to support [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]] against the Spanish Duke [[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba]] who was sent to pacify The Netherlands. This event is still celebrated each year on April 1 and the night before (known as Chalk Night (kalknacht) when the town is defaced with chalk - and now also white paint). Dutch students are taught a short rhyme to remember this fact, which rhyme refers to [[April Fools' Day]]:


{|
{|
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After the capture of Brielle the Protestant rebels tortured and murdered the Catholic [[Martyrs of Gorkum]] and Brielle has become a pilgrimage location since then.
After the capture of Brielle the Protestant rebels tortured and murdered the Catholic [[Martyrs of Gorkum]] and Brielle has become a pilgrimage location since then.


In August 1585, Brielle was [[Cautionary Towns|one of the three Dutch towns]] that became an English possession by the [[Treaty of Nonsuch]] when [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]] received it as security of payment for 5000 soldiers (led by the [[Earl of Leicester]]) and used by the Dutch in their struggle against the Spanish. The first English governor of Brielle was [[Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter]], succeeded by [[Edward Conway, 1st Viscount Conway]] who named his daughter [[Brilliana Harley|Brilliana]] in honour of the city. English garrisons were stationed here and at [[Vlissingen|Flushing]].<ref>[[Garrett Mattingly]] (1959), ''[[The Armada (book)|The Armada]]'', Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Ch. V, "Plans of Operations", p. 44.</ref> In 1617, these cities returned to the Netherlands.
In August 1585, Brielle was [[Cautionary Towns|one of the three Dutch towns]] that became an English possession by the [[Treaty of Nonsuch]] when [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]] received it as security of payment for 5000 soldiers (led by the [[Earl of Leicester]]) and used by the Dutch in their struggle against the Spanish. The first English governor of Brielle was [[Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter]], succeeded by [[Edward Conway, 1st Viscount Conway]] who named his daughter [[Brilliana Harley|Brilliana]] in honour of the town. English garrisons were stationed here and at [[Vlissingen|Flushing]].<ref>[[Garrett Mattingly]] (1959), ''[[The Armada (book)|The Armada]]'', Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Ch. V, "Plans of Operations", p. 44.</ref> [[Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron Sheffield]] governed the town from 1598. In 1617, these cities returned to the Netherlands.


== Twin cities ==
== Twin cities ==
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[[File:Witte Cornelisz de With (1599–1658), by Abraham van Westerveldt.jpg|140px|thumb|Witte Cornelisz de With]]
[[File:Witte Cornelisz de With (1599–1658), by Abraham van Westerveldt.jpg|140px|thumb|Witte Cornelisz de With]]
* [[Anneke Esaiasdochter]] (1509 in Brielle – 1539), a Dutch [[Anabaptist]] executed as a heretic, a Protestant martyr.
* [[Anneke Esaiasdochter]] (1509 in Brielle – 1539), a Dutch [[Anabaptist]] executed as a heretic, a Protestant martyr.
* [[Willem Bloys van Treslong]] (1529–1594), a nobleman, lead the [[Geuzen|Sea Beggars]] and the [[Capture of Brielle]] in 1572.
* [[Willem Bloys van Treslong]] (1529–1594), a nobleman, led the [[Geuzen|Sea Beggars]] and the [[Capture of Brielle]] in 1572.
* [[Maarten Tromp]] (1598 in Brielle – 1653), a Dutch army general and admiral in the Dutch navy
* [[Maarten Tromp]] (1598 in Brielle – 1653), a Dutch army general and admiral in the Dutch navy
* [[Witte de With]] (1599 in Hoogendijk – 1658), a Dutch naval officer during the [[Eighty Years War]] and the [[First Anglo-Dutch war]]
* [[Witte de With]] (1599 in Hoogendijk – 1658), a Dutch naval officer during the [[Eighty Years War]] and the [[First Anglo-Dutch war]]

Latest revision as of 15:58, 12 November 2024

This article is about the town and former municipality in the Netherlands. For the borough in New Jersey, see Brielle, New Jersey.
Brielle
Brill
Town
Historic town centre
Historic town centre
Flag of Brielle
Flag
Coat of arms of Brielle
Coat of arms
Highlighted position of Brielle in a municipal map of South Holland
Location in South Holland
Coordinates: 51°54′N 4°10′E / 51.900°N 4.167°E / 51.900; 4.167
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceSouth Holland
MunicipalityVoorne aan Zee
Area
[1]
 • Total
31.14 km2 (12.02 sq mi)
 • Land27.55 km2 (10.64 sq mi)
 • Water3.59 km2 (1.39 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
2 m (7 ft)
Population
 (January 2021)[3]
 • Total
17,439
 • Density633/km2 (1,640/sq mi)
DemonymBriellenaar
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postcode
3230–3232
Area code0181
Websitewww.brielle.nl
Dutch Topographic map of Brielle, June 2015

Brielle (pronounced [ˈbrilə] ⓘ), also called Den Briel in Dutch and Brill in English, is a town and historic seaport in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, on the north side of the island of Voorne-Putten, at the mouth of the New Maas. The former municipality covered an area of 31.14 km2 (12.02 sq mi) of which 3.59 km2 (1.39 sq mi) was water. In 2021 its population was 17,439.

The former municipality of Brielle also included the communities of Vierpolders and Zwartewaal.

On 1 January 2023, the municipality of Brielle merged with Hellevoetsluis and Westvoorne into the new municipality of Voorne aan Zee.

Brielle, New Jersey was named after Brielle by the Dutch colonists of New Jersey, originally New Netherland.

History

[edit]

Brielle is a very old, fortified town. Its name is derived from the Celtic word brogilo (meaning "closed area" or "hunting grounds"). The oldest writings about Brielle indicate that the current location is the "new" Brielle. Den ouden Briel (Old Brill) must have been situated somewhere else on the Voorne-Putten Island. It grew into a town of prestige in the 14th century. In 1330, Gerard van Voorne, independent Lord of Voorne and Viscount of Zeeland, granted town rights to Brielle. This gave the town governmental and jurisdictional powers and certain trading rights, such as the right to trade fish and collect port taxes.[4] The town was for a long time the seat of the Lords of Voorne, until this fiefdom was added to the County of Holland in 1371. It had its own harbour and traded with the countries around the Baltic Sea. Brielle even had its own trading colony in Sweden.

Historic parade in Den Briel to celebrate the 540th anniversary of the Capture of Brielle on April 1st, 2012. The leaders of the sea beggars, William II de La Marck, Lord Lumey (middle), Willem Bloys van Treslong (left) and Lenaert Jansz de Graeff (right).

During the Eighty Years' War between the Netherlands and Spain, the Capture of Brielle on April 1, 1572, by Protestant rebels, the Watergeuzen, marked a turning point in the conflict, as many towns in Holland then began to support William of Orange against the Spanish Duke Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba who was sent to pacify The Netherlands. This event is still celebrated each year on April 1 and the night before (known as Chalk Night (kalknacht) when the town is defaced with chalk - and now also white paint). Dutch students are taught a short rhyme to remember this fact, which rhyme refers to April Fools' Day:

Op 1 april verloor Alva de bril.
Op April zes verloor Alva zijn fles

On April 1st, Alva lost his glasses
On April 6th Alva lost his bottle

In Dutch, "de bril" is the word for "the glasses," and closely rhymes with Den Briel; as does "Fles" which stands for the town of Vlissingen or Flushing, the next town to be captured by the Dutch rebels.

After the capture of Brielle the Protestant rebels tortured and murdered the Catholic Martyrs of Gorkum and Brielle has become a pilgrimage location since then.

In August 1585, Brielle was one of the three Dutch towns that became an English possession by the Treaty of Nonsuch when Queen Elizabeth I received it as security of payment for 5000 soldiers (led by the Earl of Leicester) and used by the Dutch in their struggle against the Spanish. The first English governor of Brielle was Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, succeeded by Edward Conway, 1st Viscount Conway who named his daughter Brilliana in honour of the town. English garrisons were stationed here and at Flushing.[5] Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron Sheffield governed the town from 1598. In 1617, these cities returned to the Netherlands.

Twin cities

[edit]

Brielle is twinned with:

Notable people

[edit]
Witte Cornelisz de With

See also

[edit]
[edit]
  • Brielle, church: de Sint Catharijne kerk
    Brielle, church: de Sint Catharijne kerk
  • Brielle, monumental houses at the Wellerondom
    Brielle, monumental houses at the Wellerondom
  • Brielle - panoramio
    Brielle - panoramio
  • Brielle, former orphanage
    Brielle, former orphanage
  • Brielle, monumental houses Vischstraat
    Brielle, monumental houses Vischstraat

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020" [Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020]. StatLine (in Dutch). CBS. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  2. ^ "Postcodetool for 3231AP". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  3. ^ "Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand" [Population growth; regions per month]. CBS Statline (in Dutch). CBS. 1 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  4. ^ Stadsgeschiedenis - website historisch museum den briel
  5. ^ Garrett Mattingly (1959), The Armada, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Ch. V, "Plans of Operations", p. 44.
[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Brielle".
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brielle.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Brielle.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Brielle&oldid=1256985277"