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{{Short description|Mammalian protein found in humans}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{infobox enzyme
| Name = calcidiol 1-monooxygenase
| EC_number = 1.14.15.18
| CAS_number = 9081-36-1
| GO_code = 0004498
| image =
| width =
| caption =
}}


'''25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase''' (VD 1A hydroxylase) also known as '''cytochrome p450 27B1''' (CYP27B1) or simply '''1-alpha-hydroxylase''' is a [[cytochrome P450]] [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''CYP27B1'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: cytochrome P450| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1594| accessdate = }}</ref><ref name="pmid9295274">{{cite journal | vauthors = Takeyama K, Kitanaka S, Sato T, Kobori M, Yanagisawa J, Kato S | title = 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase and vitamin D synthesis | journal = Science | volume = 277 | issue = 5333 | pages = 1827–30 | date = Sep 1997 | pmid = 9295274 | doi = 10.1126/science.277.5333.1827 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9344864">{{cite journal | vauthors = Monkawa T, Yoshida T, Wakino S, Shinki T, Anazawa H, Deluca HF, Suda T, Hayashi M, Saruta T | title = Molecular cloning of cDNA and genomic DNA for human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 239 | issue = 2 | pages = 527–33 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9344864 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7508 }}</ref>
'''25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase''' (VD 1A hydroxylase) also known as '''calcidiol 1-monooxygenase''' <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/25-hydroxyvitamin-d3-1-alpha-hydroxylase | title=25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-Alpha-Hydroxylase - an overview &#124; ScienceDirect Topics }}</ref> or '''cytochrome p450 27B1''' (CYP27B1) or simply '''1-alpha-hydroxylase''' is a [[cytochrome P450]] [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''CYP27B1'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: cytochrome P450| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1594}}</ref><ref name="pmid9295274">{{cite journal | vauthors = Takeyama K, Kitanaka S, Sato T, Kobori M, Yanagisawa J, Kato S | title = 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase and vitamin D synthesis | journal = Science | volume = 277 | issue = 5333 | pages = 1827–30 | date = Sep 1997 | pmid = 9295274 | doi = 10.1126/science.277.5333.1827 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9344864">{{cite journal | vauthors = Monkawa T, Yoshida T, Wakino S, Shinki T, Anazawa H, Deluca HF, Suda T, Hayashi M, Saruta T | title = Molecular cloning of cDNA and genomic DNA for human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 239 | issue = 2 | pages = 527–33 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9344864 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7508 }}</ref>


VD3 1A hydroxylase is located in the [[proximal tubule]] of the [[kidney]] and a variety of other tissues, including skin ([[keratinocyte]]s), immune cells,<ref name="pmid17259988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler D, Butcher EC | s2cid = 9540123 | title = DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to 'program' T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27 | journal = Nature Immunology | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 285–93 | date = Mar 2007 | pmid = 17259988 | doi = 10.1038/ni1433 | url = http://www.biochem.wisc.edu/courses/biochem901/secure/materials/readings/08Sigmundsdottir_etal.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and bone ([[osteoblast]]s).<ref name="pmid20739402">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kogawa M, Findlay DM, Anderson PH, Ormsby R, Vincent C, Morris HA, Atkins GJ | title = Osteoclastic metabolism of 25(OH)-vitamin D3: a potential mechanism for optimization of bone resorption | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 151 | issue = 10 | pages = 4613–25 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20739402 | doi = 10.1210/en.2010-0334 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The [[enzyme]] catalyzes the [[hydroxylation]] of [[calcifediol]] to [[calcitriol]] (the bioactive form of [[Vitamin D]]):<ref name="pmid4404596">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gray RW, Omdahl JL, Ghazarian JG, DeLuca HF | title = 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase. Subcellular location and properties | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 247 | issue = 23 | pages = 7528–32 | date = Dec 1972 | pmid = 4404596 | doi = }}</ref>
VD 1A hydroxylase is located in the [[proximal tubule]] of the [[kidney]] and a variety of other tissues, including skin ([[keratinocyte]]s), immune cells,<ref name="pmid17259988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler D, Butcher EC | s2cid = 9540123 | title = DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to 'program' T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27 | journal = Nature Immunology | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 285–93 | date = Mar 2007 | pmid = 17259988 | doi = 10.1038/ni1433 | url = http://www.biochem.wisc.edu/courses/biochem901/secure/materials/readings/08Sigmundsdottir_etal.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and bone ([[osteoblast]]s).<ref name="pmid20739402">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kogawa M, Findlay DM, Anderson PH, Ormsby R, Vincent C, Morris HA, Atkins GJ | title = Osteoclastic metabolism of 25(OH)-vitamin D3: a potential mechanism for optimization of bone resorption | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 151 | issue = 10 | pages = 4613–25 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20739402 | doi = 10.1210/en.2010-0334 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
== Reactions ==
The [[enzyme]] catalyzes the [[hydroxylation]] of [[calcifediol]] to [[calcitriol]] (the bioactive form of [[Vitamin D]]):<ref name="pmid4404596">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gray RW, Omdahl JL, Ghazarian JG, DeLuca HF | title = 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase. Subcellular location and properties | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 247 | issue = 23 | pages = 7528–32 | date = Dec 1972 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)44557-2 | pmid = 4404596 | doi-access = free }}</ref>


:calcidiol + 2 reduced [[adrenodoxin reductase|adrenodoxin]] + 2 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> {{eqm}} calcitriol + 2 oxidized adrenodoxin + H<sub>2</sub>O
:calcidiol + 2 reduced [[adrenodoxin reductase|adrenodoxin]] + 2 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> {{eqm}} calcitriol + 2 oxidized adrenodoxin + H<sub>2</sub>O


The enzyme is also able to oxidize ercalcidiol (25-OH D2) to ercalcitriol, secalciferol to calcitetrol, and 25-hydroxy-24-oxocalciol to (1S)-1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocalciol.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sawada |first1=N |last2=Sakaki |first2=T |last3=Kitanaka |first3=S |last4=Takeyama |first4=K |last5=Kato |first5=S |last6=Inouye |first6=K |title=Enzymatic properties of human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase coexpression with adrenodoxin and NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase in Escherichia coli. |journal=European journal of biochemistry |date=November 1999 |volume=265 |issue=3 |pages=950-6 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00794.x |pmid=10518789}}</ref>
The enzyme is also able to oxidize ercalcidiol (25-OH D2) to ercalcitriol, secalciferol to calcitetrol, and 25-hydroxy-24-oxocalciol to (1S)-1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocalciol.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sawada |first1=N |last2=Sakaki |first2=T |last3=Kitanaka |first3=S |last4=Takeyama |first4=K |last5=Kato |first5=S |last6=Inouye |first6=K |title=Enzymatic properties of human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase coexpression with adrenodoxin and NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase in Escherichia coli. |journal=European Journal of Biochemistry |date=November 1999 |volume=265 |issue=3 |pages=950–6 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00794.x |pmid=10518789|doi-access=free }}</ref>


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== Clinical significance ==
{|
Loss-of-function mutations in CYP27B1 cause [[Rickets#Types|Vitamin D-dependent rickets, type IA]].<ref>{{cite web |title=# 264700 - VITAMIN D HYDROXYLATION-DEFICIENT RICKETS, TYPE 1A; VDDR1A |url=https://www.omim.org/entry/264700 |website=www.omim.org |language=en-us}}</ref>
|{{enzyme
| Name = calcidiol 1-monooxygenase
| EC_number = 1.14.15.18
| CAS_number = 9081-36-1
| IUBMB_EC_number = 1/14/13/13
| GO_code = 0004498
| image =
| width =
| caption =
}}
|}


==Interactive pathway map==
==Interactive pathway map==
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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Carr EJ, Niederer HA, Williams J, Harper L, Watts RA, Lyons PA, Smith KG | title = Confirmation of the genetic association of CTLA4 and PTPN22 with ANCA-associated vasculitis | journal = BMC Medical Genetics | volume = 10 | pages = 121 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19951419 | pmc = 3224698 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2350-10-121 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Carr EJ, Niederer HA, Williams J, Harper L, Watts RA, Lyons PA, Smith KG | title = Confirmation of the genetic association of CTLA4 and PTPN22 with ANCA-associated vasculitis | journal = BMC Medical Genetics | volume = 10 | pages = 121 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19951419 | pmc = 3224698 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2350-10-121 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Alzahrani AS, Zou M, Baitei EY, Alshaikh OM, Al-Rijjal RA, Meyer BF, Shi Y | title = A novel G102E mutation of CYP27B1 in a large family with vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 95 | issue = 9 | pages = 4176–83 | date = Sep 2010 | pmid = 20534770 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2009-2278 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Alzahrani AS, Zou M, Baitei EY, Alshaikh OM, Al-Rijjal RA, Meyer BF, Shi Y | title = A novel G102E mutation of CYP27B1 in a large family with vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 95 | issue = 9 | pages = 4176–83 | date = Sep 2010 | pmid = 20534770 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2009-2278 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lagishetty V, Chun RF, Liu NQ, Lisse TS, Adams JS, Hewison M | title = 1alpha-hydroxylase and innate immune responses to 25-hydroxyvitamin D in colonic cell lines | journal = The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | volume = 121 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 228–33 | date = Jul 2010 | pmid = 20152900 | pmc = 2891066 | doi = 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.02.004 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lagishetty V, Chun RF, Liu NQ, Lisse TS, Adams JS, Hewison M | title = 1alpha-hydroxylase and innate immune responses to 25-hydroxyvitamin D in colonic cell lines | journal = The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | volume = 121 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 228–33 | date = Jul 2010 | pmid = 20152900 | pmc = 2891066 | doi = 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.02.004 }}
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* {{cite journal | vauthors = Shen H, Bielak LF, Ferguson JF, Streeten EA, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Liu J, Post W, O'Connell JR, Hixson JE, Kardia SL, Sun YV, Jhun MA, Wang X, Mehta NN, Li M, Koller DL, Hakonarson H, Keating BJ, Rader DJ, Shuldiner AR, Peyser PA, Reilly MP, Mitchell BD | title = Association of the vitamin D metabolism gene CYP24A1 with coronary artery calcification | journal = Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology | volume = 30 | issue = 12 | pages = 2648–54 | date = Dec 2010 | pmid = 20847308 | pmc = 2988112 | doi = 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.211805 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Shen H, Bielak LF, Ferguson JF, Streeten EA, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Liu J, Post W, O'Connell JR, Hixson JE, Kardia SL, Sun YV, Jhun MA, Wang X, Mehta NN, Li M, Koller DL, Hakonarson H, Keating BJ, Rader DJ, Shuldiner AR, Peyser PA, Reilly MP, Mitchell BD | title = Association of the vitamin D metabolism gene CYP24A1 with coronary artery calcification | journal = Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology | volume = 30 | issue = 12 | pages = 2648–54 | date = Dec 2010 | pmid = 20847308 | pmc = 2988112 | doi = 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.211805 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sundqvist E, Bäärnhielm M, Alfredsson L, Hillert J, Olsson T, Kockum I | title = Confirmation of association between multiple sclerosis and CYP27B1 | journal = European Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 18 | issue = 12 | pages = 1349–52 | date = Dec 2010 | pmid = 20648053 | pmc = 3002863 | doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2010.113 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sundqvist E, Bäärnhielm M, Alfredsson L, Hillert J, Olsson T, Kockum I | title = Confirmation of association between multiple sclerosis and CYP27B1 | journal = European Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 18 | issue = 12 | pages = 1349–52 | date = Dec 2010 | pmid = 20648053 | pmc = 3002863 | doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2010.113 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Fichna M, Zurawek M, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D, Gryczyñska M, Fichna P, Sowiñski J, Nowak J | title = Association of the CYP27B1 C(-1260)A polymorphism with autoimmune Addison's disease | journal = Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | volume = 118 | issue = 8 | pages = 544–9 | date = Aug 2010 | pmid = 19998245 | doi = 10.1055/s-0029-1241206 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Fichna M, Zurawek M, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D, Gryczyñska M, Fichna P, Sowiñski J, Nowak J | title = Association of the CYP27B1 C(-1260)A polymorphism with autoimmune Addison's disease | journal = Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | volume = 118 | issue = 8 | pages = 544–9 | date = Aug 2010 | pmid = 19998245 | doi = 10.1055/s-0029-1241206 | s2cid = 5609583 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Holt SK, Kwon EM, Koopmeiners JS, Lin DW, Feng Z, Ostrander EA, Peters U, Stanford JL | title = Vitamin D pathway gene variants and prostate cancer prognosis | journal = The Prostate | volume = 70 | issue = 13 | pages = 1448–60 | date = Sep 2010 | pmid = 20687218 | pmc = 2927712 | doi = 10.1002/pros.21180 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Holt SK, Kwon EM, Koopmeiners JS, Lin DW, Feng Z, Ostrander EA, Peters U, Stanford JL | title = Vitamin D pathway gene variants and prostate cancer prognosis | journal = The Prostate | volume = 70 | issue = 13 | pages = 1448–60 | date = Sep 2010 | pmid = 20687218 | pmc = 2927712 | doi = 10.1002/pros.21180 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bu FX, Armas L, Lappe J, Zhou Y, Gao G, Wang HW, Recker R, Zhao LJ | s2cid = 5782938 | title = Comprehensive association analysis of nine candidate genes with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels among healthy Caucasian subjects | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 128 | issue = 5 | pages = 549–56 | date = Nov 2010 | pmid = 20809279 | doi = 10.1007/s00439-010-0881-9 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bu FX, Armas L, Lappe J, Zhou Y, Gao G, Wang HW, Recker R, Zhao LJ | s2cid = 5782938 | title = Comprehensive association analysis of nine candidate genes with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels among healthy Caucasian subjects | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 128 | issue = 5 | pages = 549–56 | date = Nov 2010 | pmid = 20809279 | doi = 10.1007/s00439-010-0881-9 }}
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* {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu CY, Wu MC, Chen F, Ter-Minassian M, Asomaning K, Zhai R, Wang Z, Su L, Heist RS, [[Matthew Kulke|Kulke MH]], Lin X, Liu G, Christiani DC | title = A Large-scale genetic association study of esophageal adenocarcinoma risk | journal = Carcinogenesis | volume = 31 | issue = 7 | pages = 1259–63 | date = Jul 2010 | pmid = 20453000 | pmc = 2893800 | doi = 10.1093/carcin/bgq092 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu CY, Wu MC, Chen F, Ter-Minassian M, Asomaning K, Zhai R, Wang Z, Su L, Heist RS, [[Matthew Kulke|Kulke MH]], Lin X, Liu G, Christiani DC | title = A Large-scale genetic association study of esophageal adenocarcinoma risk | journal = Carcinogenesis | volume = 31 | issue = 7 | pages = 1259–63 | date = Jul 2010 | pmid = 20453000 | pmc = 2893800 | doi = 10.1093/carcin/bgq092 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sunyer J, Basagaña X, González JR, Júlvez J, Guerra S, Bustamante M, de Cid R, Antó JM, Torrent M | title = Early life environment, neurodevelopment and the interrelation with atopy | journal = Environmental Research | volume = 110 | issue = 7 | pages = 733–8 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20701904 | doi = 10.1016/j.envres.2010.07.005 | bibcode = 2010ER....110..733S }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sunyer J, Basagaña X, González JR, Júlvez J, Guerra S, Bustamante M, de Cid R, Antó JM, Torrent M | title = Early life environment, neurodevelopment and the interrelation with atopy | journal = Environmental Research | volume = 110 | issue = 7 | pages = 733–8 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20701904 | doi = 10.1016/j.envres.2010.07.005 | bibcode = 2010ER....110..733S }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Simon KC, Munger KL, Ascherio A | title = Polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism related genes and risk of multiple sclerosis | journal = Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 133–8 | date = Feb 2010 | pmid = 20007432 | pmc = 2819633 | doi = 10.1177/1352458509355069 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Simon KC, Munger KL, Ascherio A | title = Polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism related genes and risk of multiple sclerosis | journal = Multiple Sclerosis | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 133–8 | date = Feb 2010 | pmid = 20007432 | pmc = 2819633 | doi = 10.1177/1352458509355069 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hendrickson SL, Lautenberger JA, Chinn LW, Malasky M, Sezgin E, Kingsley LA, Goedert JJ, Kirk GD, Gomperts ED, Buchbinder SP, Troyer JL, O'Brien SJ | title = Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes influence AIDS progression | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 5 | issue = 9 | pages = e12862 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20877624 | pmc = 2943476 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0012862 | bibcode = 2010PLoSO...512862H | editor1-last = Badger | editor1-first = Jonathan H. }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hendrickson SL, Lautenberger JA, Chinn LW, Malasky M, Sezgin E, Kingsley LA, Goedert JJ, Kirk GD, Gomperts ED, Buchbinder SP, Troyer JL, O'Brien SJ | title = Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes influence AIDS progression | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 5 | issue = 9 | pages = e12862 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20877624 | pmc = 2943476 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0012862 | bibcode = 2010PLoSO...512862H | editor1-last = Badger | editor1-first = Jonathan H. | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dusso AS, Brown AJ, Slatopolsky E | title = Vitamin D | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology | volume = 289 | issue = 1 | pages = F8–28 | date = Jul 2005 | pmid = 15951480 | doi = 10.1152/ajprenal.00336.2004 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dusso AS, Brown AJ, Slatopolsky E | title = Vitamin D | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology | volume = 289 | issue = 1 | pages = F8–28 | date = Jul 2005 | pmid = 15951480 | doi = 10.1152/ajprenal.00336.2004 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, Montpetit A, Diaz R, Mohan V, Keavney B, Yusuf S, Gerstein HC, Engert JC, Anand S | title = Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study | journal = Diabetes Care | volume = 33 | issue = 10 | pages = 2250–3 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20628086 | pmc = 2945168 | doi = 10.2337/dc10-0452 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, Montpetit A, Diaz R, Mohan V, Keavney B, Yusuf S, Gerstein HC, Engert JC, Anand S | title = Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study | journal = Diabetes Care | volume = 33 | issue = 10 | pages = 2250–3 | date = Oct 2010 | pmid = 20628086 | pmc = 2945168 | doi = 10.2337/dc10-0452 }}

Latest revision as of 18:21, 12 November 2024

CYP27B1
Identifiers
AliasesCYP27B1, CP2B, CYP1, CYP1alpha, CYP27B, P450c1, PDDR, VDD1, VDDR, VDDRI, VDR, cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1
External IDsOMIM: 609506; MGI: 1098274; HomoloGene: 37139; GeneCards: CYP27B1; OMA:CYP27B1 - orthologs
EC number1.14.15.18
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000785

NM_010009

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000776

NP_034139

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 57.76 – 57.77 MbChr 10: 126.88 – 126.89 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse
calcidiol 1-monooxygenase
Identifiers
EC no.1.14.15.18
CAS no.9081-36-1
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
Search
PMCarticles
PubMedarticles
NCBIproteins

25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase (VD 1A hydroxylase) also known as calcidiol 1-monooxygenase [5] or cytochrome p450 27B1 (CYP27B1) or simply 1-alpha-hydroxylase is a cytochrome P450 enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CYP27B1 gene.[6][7][8]

VD 1A hydroxylase is located in the proximal tubule of the kidney and a variety of other tissues, including skin (keratinocytes), immune cells,[9] and bone (osteoblasts).[10]

Reactions

[edit]

The enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of calcifediol to calcitriol (the bioactive form of Vitamin D):[11]

calcidiol + 2 reduced adrenodoxin + 2 H+ + O2 ⇌ calcitriol + 2 oxidized adrenodoxin + H2O

The enzyme is also able to oxidize ercalcidiol (25-OH D2) to ercalcitriol, secalciferol to calcitetrol, and 25-hydroxy-24-oxocalciol to (1S)-1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocalciol.[12]

Clinical significance

[edit]

Loss-of-function mutations in CYP27B1 cause Vitamin D-dependent rickets, type IA.[13]

Interactive pathway map

[edit]

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]

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VitaminDSynthesis_WP1531Go to articleGo to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articleGo to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articleGo to articlego to articlego to articlego to articleGo to articlego to article
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VitaminDSynthesis_WP1531Go to articleGo to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articleGo to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articleGo to articleGo to articlego to articleGo to articlego to articlego to articlego to articleGo to articlego to article
|alt=Vitamin D Synthesis Pathway (view / edit)]]
Vitamin D Synthesis Pathway (view / edit)
  1. ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "VitaminDSynthesis_WP1531".

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111012Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000006724Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-Alpha-Hydroxylase - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics".
  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: cytochrome P450".
  7. ^ Takeyama K, Kitanaka S, Sato T, Kobori M, Yanagisawa J, Kato S (Sep 1997). "25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase and vitamin D synthesis". Science. 277 (5333): 1827–30. doi:10.1126/science.277.5333.1827. PMID 9295274.
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Further reading

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