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Loincloth
	Sketch of a loincloth
Type	Clothing that covers the genitals and sometimes the buttocks

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A loincloth is a one-piece garment, either wrapped around itself or kept in place by a belt. It covers the genitals and sometimes the buttocks. Loincloths which are held up by belts or strings are specifically known as breechcloth or breechclout.^[1]^[2] Often, the flaps hang down in front and back.^[2]

History and types

A form of loincloth worn with a cape by Nezahualpilli, c. 1500

Loincloths are worn in societies where no other clothing is needed or wanted. Loincloths are commonly used as an undergarment or swimsuit by wrestlers and by farmers in paddy fields in both Sri Lanka and India, where it is called Kovanam in Tamil, ambudaya in Sinhala and kaupinam or langot.

The loincloth, or breechcloth, is a basic form of dress, often worn as the only garment. Men have worn a loincloth as a fundamental piece of clothing which covers their genitals, not the buttocks, in most societies which disapproved of genital nakedness throughout human history. The loincloth is in essence a piece of material, bark-bast, leather, or cloth, passed between the legs and covering the genitals. Despite its functional simplicity, the loincloth comes in many different forms.

The styles in which breechcloths and loincloths can be arranged are myriad. Both the Bornean sirat and the Indian dhoti have fabric pass between the legs to support a man's genitals.

The Aztecs wore loincloths with or without other garments.

A similar style of loincloth was also characteristic of ancient Mesoamerica. The male inhabitants of the area of modern Mexico wore a wound loincloth of woven fabric. One end of the loincloth was held up, the remainder passed between the thighs, wound about the waist, and secured in back by tucking.^{[Note 1]}

In Pre-Columbian South America, ancient Inca men wore a strip of cloth between their legs held up by strings or tape as a belt. The cloth was secured to the tapes at the back and the front portion hung in front as an apron, always well ornamented.^{[citation needed]} The same garment,^{[citation needed]} mostly in plain cotton but whose aprons are now, like T-shirts, sometimes decorated with logos, is known in Japan as etchu fundoshi.

Some of the culturally diverse Amazonian indigenous still wear an ancestral type of loincloth.^{[citation needed]}

Until World War II, Japanese men wore a loincloth known as a fundoshi.^[3] The fundoshi is a 35-centimetre-wide (14 in) piece of fabric (cotton or silk) passed between the thighs and secured to cover the genitals.^{[citation needed]}

Loincloths by culture

Australia

Worn by adult males in some Aboriginal cultures. Called naga, narga, nargar (etc) from Yulparija dialect of the Western Desert.^[4]

India

Unsewn Kaupinam and its later-era sewn variation langot are traditional clothes in India, worn as underwear in dangal held in akharas especially wrestling, to prevent hernias and hydrocele.^[5] Kacchera is mandatory for Sikhs to wear.

Japan

Japanese men and women traditionally wore a loincloth known as a fundoshi. The fundoshi is a 35 cm (14 in.) wide piece of fabric (cotton or silk) passed between the thighs and secured to cover the genitals. There are many ways of tying the fundoshi.^[6]

Native American

In most Native American tribes, men used to wear some form of breechcloth, often with leggings.^[2]^[7]^[8]^[9] The style differed from tribe to tribe. In many tribes, the flaps hung down in front and back; in others, the breechcloth looped outside the belt and was tucked into the inside, for a more fitted look.^[2] Sometimes, the breechcloth was much shorter, and a decorated apron panel was attached in front and behind.^[2]

A Native American woman or teenage girl might also wear a fitted breechcloth underneath her skirt, but not as outerwear. However, in many tribes' young girls did wear breechcloths like the boys until they became old enough for skirts and dresses.^[2] Among the Mohave people of the American Southwest, a breechcloth given to a young female symbolically recognizes her status as hwame.^[10]

Philippines

In the Philippines, loincloths of any sort are generally called bahág. It is often a single, long, rectangular cloth that is not tied with a belt or string and were made from either barkcloth or hand-woven textiles. The design of the weave is often unique to a specific tribe, while colors may denote the wearer’s social rank, such as plain white for commoners.^[11]

Throughout the pre-colonial period, the bahág was the normative dress for commoners and the servile class (the alipin caste).^[12] It survives today among some indigenous tribes of the Philippines, most notably the various Cordilleran peoples in the mountains of inland northern Luzon.^[13]

The bahág was also favoured by the pre-colonial noble (tumao) and warrior (timawa) classes of the Visayan people, as it showed off their elaborate, full-body tattoos (batok) that advertised combat prowess and other significant achievements:^[14]^[15]

The principal clothing of the Cebuanos and all the Visayans is the tattooing of which we have already spoken, with which a naked man appears to be dressed in a kind of handsome armor engraved with very fine work, a dress so esteemed by them they take it for their proudest attire, covering their bodies neither more nor less than a Christ crucified, so that although for solemn occasions they have the marlotas (robes) we mentioned, their dress at home and in their barrio is their tattoos and a bahag, as they call that cloth they wrap around their waist, which is the sort the ancient actors and gladiators used in Rome for decency's sake.
— Pedro Chirino, Relación de las Islas Filipinas (1604), ^[14]

One method of wrapping the bahág involves first pulling the long rectangular cloth (usually around 2 to 3 m (6 ft 7 in to 9 ft 10 in)) in between the legs to cover the genitals, with a longer back flap. This back flap is then twisted across the right leg, then crossed at the waist in an anti-clockwise direction. It then goes under the front flap, then across the left leg. It is twisted back across the back loop, above the buttocks. The result is the two rectangular ends hanging in front of and behind the waist, with a loop around the legs resembling a belt.

The native Tagalog word for "rainbow", bahagharì, literally means "loincloth of the king".^[16]

Europe

Some European men around 2000 BCE wore leather breechcloths, as can be seen from the clothing of Ötzi.^[17] Ancient Romans wore a type of loincloth known as a subligaculum.

The use of breechcloths took on common use by the Metis and Acadians and are mentioned as early as the 1650s. In the 1740s and 50s they were issued to the Canadien as part of their war uniform and in 1755 they even tried to issue them to soldiers from France.

During their travels across Canada, the French [canadiens] dress as the Indians; they do not wear breeches. Many nations imitate the French customs; yet I observed, on the contrary, that the French in Canada, in many respects, follow the customs of the Indians, with whom they converse everyday. They make use of the tobacco pipes, shoes, garters, and girdles of the Indians.
— -Peter Kalm, 1749.

Those who go to war receive a capot, two cotton shirts, one breechclout, one pair of leggings, one blanket, one pair of souliers de boeuf, a wood-handled knife, a worm and a musket when they do not bring any. The breechclout is a piece of broadcloth draped between the thighs in the Native manner and with the two ends held by a belt. One wears it without breeches to walk more easily in the woods.
— d’Aleyrac, 1755–60.

During the week the men went about in their homes dressed much like the Indians, namely, in stockings and shoes like theirs, with garters, and a girdle about the waist; otherwise the clothing was like that of other Frenchmen.
— Kalm, p. 558

The French familiarized themselves with us, Studied our Tongue, and Manners, wore our Dress, Married our Daughters, and our Sons their Maids
— Pontiac, Ottawa leader, 2.2.50-57

Notes

^ Local names: Nahuatl maxtlatl, Mayan ex.

References

^ U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Native Languages Archived 2009-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.
^ Arita, Eriko (2009-05-10). "Fundoshi: undercover revolution". The Japan Times.
^ W. S. Ramson, ed. (1988). The Australian National Dictionary (1988 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 417. ISBN 0195547365.
^ Raman Das Mahatyagi (2007). Yatan Yoga: A Natural Guide to Health and Harmony. Yatan Ayurvedics. pp. 33–. ISBN 978-0-9803761-0-4.
^ "BOKUNAN-DO". www.shop-japan.co.jp.
^ Minor, Marz & Minor, Nono (1977). The American Indian Craft Book. Bison Books. pp. 72–73. ISBN 0-8032-5891-7. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.
^ Mayfield, Thomas Jefferson (1997). Adopted by Indians: A True Story. Heyday Books. p. 83. ISBN 0-930588-93-2. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.
^ Typical Indian Clothing (male). Retrieved on 2010-07-15.
^ Conner, Sparks, and Sparks, eds. (1997) Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol, and Spirit: Covering Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Lore
^ Belen, Yvonne (21 June 2014). "Loincloth (G-string, Bahag)". Grand Cañao. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
^ Lopez, Mellie Leandicho (2006). A Handbook of Philippine Folklore. UP Press. p. 385. ISBN 9789715425148.
^ Dalton, David; Keeling, Stephen (2013). The Rough Guide to the Philippines. Rough Guides UK. ISBN 9781405392075.
^ ^a ^b Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo University Press. pp. 20–27. ISBN 9789715501354.
^ Francia, Luis H. (2013). History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos. Abrams. ISBN 978-1-4683-1545-5.
^ "Glossary of Confusing Pinoy Expressions". Spot.ph. 10 October 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
^ South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology. Retrieved 2010-07-15.

External links

[3] Local names: Nahuatl maxtlatl, Mayan ex.

[nps-1] U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.

[native-languages-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Native Languages Archived 2009-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.

[4] Arita, Eriko (2009-05-10). "Fundoshi: undercover revolution". The Japan Times.

[5] W. S. Ramson, ed. (1988). The Australian National Dictionary (1988 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 417. ISBN 0195547365.

[Mahatyagi2007-6] Raman Das Mahatyagi (2007). Yatan Yoga: A Natural Guide to Health and Harmony. Yatan Ayurvedics. pp. 33–. ISBN 978-0-9803761-0-4.

[7] "BOKUNAN-DO". www.shop-japan.co.jp.

[AICB-8] Minor, Marz & Minor, Nono (1977). The American Indian Craft Book. Bison Books. pp. 72–73. ISBN 0-8032-5891-7. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.

[ABI:-9] Mayfield, Thomas Jefferson (1997). Adopted by Indians: A True Story. Heyday Books. p. 83. ISBN 0-930588-93-2. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.

[rootsweb-10] Typical Indian Clothing (male). Retrieved on 2010-07-15.

[11] Conner, Sparks, and Sparks, eds. (1997) Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol, and Spirit: Covering Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Lore

[Belen-12] Belen, Yvonne (21 June 2014). "Loincloth (G-string, Bahag)". Grand Cañao. Retrieved 21 July 2021.

[Lopez-13] Lopez, Mellie Leandicho (2006). A Handbook of Philippine Folklore. UP Press. p. 385. ISBN 9789715425148.

[Dalton-14] Dalton, David; Keeling, Stephen (2013). The Rough Guide to the Philippines. Rough Guides UK. ISBN 9781405392075.

[Scott-15] Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo University Press. pp. 20–27. ISBN 9789715501354.

[Francia-16] Francia, Luis H. (2013). History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos. Abrams. ISBN 978-1-4683-1545-5.

[17] "Glossary of Confusing Pinoy Expressions". Spot.ph. 10 October 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2021.

[iceman.it/clothing-18] South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology. Retrieved 2010-07-15.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Cloth worn around the loins, usually in warm climates}}
+{{Short description|Cloth worn around the loins}}
 {{for|the American heavy metal band|Loincloth (band)}}
+{{cleanup|reason=Biased and not global.|date=February 2024}}
 {{more citations needed|date=January 2012}}
+{{Infobox clothing item
-[[File:Nezahualpiltzintli.jpg|thumb|A form of loincloth worn with a cape by [[Nezahualpilli]], {{circa|1500}}]]
+| image_file    = Loincloth.jpg
+| caption       = Sketch of a loincloth
+| designer      =
+| year          =
+| type          = Clothing that covers the genitals and sometimes the buttocks
+| material      =
+| on_display_at =
+}}
 A '''loincloth''' is a one-piece garment, either wrapped around itself or kept in place by a [[Belt (clothing)|belt]]. It covers the [[genitals]] and sometimes the [[buttocks]]. Loincloths which are held up by belts or strings are specifically known as '''breechcloth''' or '''breechclout'''.<ref name="nps">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080611100003/http://www.nps.gov/archive/tont/archeology/breechcloth.htm U.S. National Park Service]. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.</ref><ref name="native-languages">[http://www.native-languages.org/breechcloth.htm Native Languages] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090702012034/http://www.native-languages.org/breechcloth.htm |date=2009-07-02 }}. Retrieved on 2009-12-22.</ref> Often, the flaps hang down in front and back.<ref name="native-languages" />
 == History and types ==
+[[File:Nezahualpiltzintli.jpg|thumb|A form of loincloth worn with a cape by [[Nezahualpilli]], {{circa|1500}}]]
 Loincloths are worn in societies where no other clothing is needed or wanted. Loincloths are commonly used as an [[undergarment]] or [[swimsuit]] by [[wrestlers]] and by farmers in [[paddy field]]s in both [[Sri Lanka]] and [[India]], where it is called Kovanam in Tamil, {{transl|si|ambudaya}} in Sinhala and [[kaupinam]]  or langot.
-[[Image:1981 event Australian aboriginals.jpg|thumb|Australian Aboriginal dance group wearing loincloths made from modern materials on stage at the [[Nambassa]] festival]]
 The loincloth, or breechcloth, is a basic form of dress, often worn as the only garment. Men have worn a loincloth as a fundamental piece of clothing which covers their genitals, not the buttocks, in most societies which disapproved of genital nakedness throughout human history. The loincloth is in essence a piece of material, bark-[[bast fibre|bast]], [[leather]], or cloth, passed between the legs and covering the genitals. Despite its functional simplicity, the loincloth comes in many different forms.
-[[Image:Aztec5figure9.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Aztecs]] wore loincloths with or without other garments.]]
 The styles in which breechcloths and loincloths can be arranged are myriad. Both the [[Borneo|Bornean]] ''sirat'' and the Indian ''[[dhoti]]'' have fabric pass between the legs to support a man's genitals.
+[[Image:Aztec5figure9.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Aztecs]] wore loincloths with or without other garments.]]
 A similar style of loincloth was also characteristic of ancient [[Mesoamerica]]. The male inhabitants of the area of modern [[Mexico]] wore a wound loincloth of woven fabric. One end of the loincloth was held up, the remainder passed between the thighs, wound about the waist, and secured in back by tucking.<ref group=Note>Local names: [[Nahuatl]] {{lang|nah|maxtlatl}}, [[Mayan languages|Mayan]] {{lang|myn|ex}}.</ref>
-In Pre-Columbian [[South America]], ancient [[Andean civilizations|Inca]] men wore a strip of cloth between their legs held up by strings or tape as a belt. The cloth was secured to the tapes at the back and the front portion hung in front as an apron, always well ornamented.{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} The same garment,{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} mostly in plain [[cotton]] but whose aprons are now, like T-shirts, sometimes decorated with logos, is known in Japan as {{transl|ja|etchu [[fundoshi]]}}.
+In Pre-Columbian [[South America]], ancient [[Andean civilizations|Inca]] men wore a strip of cloth between their legs held up by strings or tape as a belt. The cloth was secured to the tapes at the back and the front portion hung in front as an [[apron]], always well ornamented.{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} The same garment,{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} mostly in plain [[cotton]] but whose aprons are now, like T-shirts, sometimes decorated with logos, is known in Japan as {{transl|ja|etchu [[fundoshi]]}}.
 Some of the culturally diverse [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|Amazonian indigenous]] still wear an ancestral type of loincloth.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}
-Japanese men wore until recently{{When|date=May 2020}} a loincloth known as a {{transl|ja|[[fundoshi]]}}. The {{transl|ja|fundoshi}} is a {{convert|35|cm||adj=mid|-wide}} piece of fabric (cotton or [[silk]]) passed between the thighs and secured to cover the genitals.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}
+Until World War II, Japanese men wore a loincloth known as a {{transl|ja|[[fundoshi]]}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Arita |first=Eriko |date=2009-05-10 |title=Fundoshi: undercover revolution |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2009/05/10/style/undercover-revolution/ |website=The Japan Times}}</ref> The {{transl|ja|fundoshi}} is a {{convert|35|cm||adj=mid|-wide}} piece of fabric (cotton or [[silk]]) passed between the thighs and secured to cover the genitals.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}
 == Loincloths by culture ==
 === Australia ===
+[[Image:1981 event Australian aboriginals.jpg|thumb|Australian Aboriginal dance group wearing loincloths made from modern materials on stage at the [[Nambassa]] festival]]
-Worn by adult males in some Aboriginal cultures. Called ''naga'', ''narga'', ''nargar'' (etc) from [[Yulbarija]] dialect of the [[Western Desert cultural bloc|Western Desert]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Australian National Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |editor=W. S. Ramson |edition=1988 |page=417 |isbn=0195547365}}</ref>
+Worn by adult males in some Aboriginal cultures. Called ''naga'', ''narga'', ''nargar'' (etc) from [[Yulparija]] dialect of the [[Western Desert cultural bloc|Western Desert]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Australian National Dictionary |date=1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press |editor=W. S. Ramson |edition=1988 |page=417 |isbn=0195547365}}</ref>
 === India ===
@@ Line 36: / Line 47: @@
 === Native American ===
 [[File:Two Mohave braves, western Arizona - Timothy O'Sullivan - NARA.jpg|thumb|Two [[Mohave people|Mojave]] men in breechcloths (1871)]]
-In most [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes, men used to wear some form of breechcloth, often with [[leggings]].<ref name="native-languages" /><ref name="AICB">Minor, Marz & Minor, Nono (1977). [https://books.google.com/books?id=FRr0XCFnMtgC&pg=PA73 ''The American Indian Craft Book'']. Bison Books.  pp. 72–73. {{ISBN|0-8032-5891-7}}. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref><ref name="ABI:">Mayfield, Thomas Jefferson (1997). [https://archive.org/details/adoptedbyindians0000mayf/page/83 ''Adopted by Indians: A True Story'']. Heyday Books. p. 83. {{ISBN|0-930588-93-2}}. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref><ref name="rootsweb">[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mosmd/indianmensclothing.htm Typical Indian Clothing (male)]. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref> The style differed from tribe to tribe. In many tribes, the flaps hung down in front and back; in others, the breechcloth looped outside the belt and was tucked into the inside, for a more fitted look.<ref name="native-languages" /> Sometimes, the breechcloth was much shorter and a decorated apron panel was attached in front and behind.<ref name="native-languages" />
+In most [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes, men used to wear some form of breechcloth, often with [[leggings]].<ref name="native-languages" /><ref name="AICB">Minor, Marz & Minor, Nono (1977). [https://books.google.com/books?id=FRr0XCFnMtgC&pg=PA73 ''The American Indian Craft Book'']. Bison Books.  pp. 72–73. {{ISBN|0-8032-5891-7}}. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref><ref name="ABI:">Mayfield, Thomas Jefferson (1997). [https://archive.org/details/adoptedbyindians0000mayf/page/83 ''Adopted by Indians: A True Story'']. Heyday Books. p. 83. {{ISBN|0-930588-93-2}}. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref><ref name="rootsweb">[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mosmd/indianmensclothing.htm Typical Indian Clothing (male)]. Retrieved on 2010-07-15.</ref> The style differed from tribe to tribe. In many tribes, the flaps hung down in front and back; in others, the breechcloth looped outside the belt and was tucked into the inside, for a more fitted look.<ref name="native-languages" /> Sometimes, the breechcloth was much shorter, and a decorated apron panel was attached in front and behind.<ref name="native-languages" />
-A Native American woman or [[adolescence|teenage]] [[girl]] might also wear a fitted breechcloth underneath her skirt, but not as outerwear. However, in many tribes young girls did wear breechcloths like the [[boy]]s until they became old enough for skirts and dresses.<ref name="native-languages" /> Among the [[Mohave people]] of the American Southwest, a breechcloth given to a young female symbolically recognizes her status as [[Two-Spirit|''hwame'']].<ref>Conner, Sparks, and Sparks, eds. (1997) ''Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol, and Spirit: Covering Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Lore''</ref>
+A Native American woman or [[adolescence|teenage]] [[girl]] might also wear a fitted breechcloth underneath her skirt, but not as outerwear. However, in many tribes' young girls did wear breechcloths like the [[boy]]s until they became old enough for skirts and dresses.<ref name="native-languages" /> Among the [[Mohave people]] of the American Southwest, a breechcloth given to a young female symbolically recognizes her status as [[Two-spirit|''hwame'']].<ref>Conner, Sparks, and Sparks, eds. (1997) ''Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol, and Spirit: Covering Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Lore''</ref>
 ===Philippines===
@@ Line 45: / Line 57: @@
 [[File:Visayans 1.png|thumb|[[Visayans|Visayan]] noblemen or warriors deliberately wearing only ''[[bahag (garment)|bahág]]'' to show off traditional, full-body tattoos (''[[batok]]''), from the ''[[Boxer Codex]]'', {{circa|1590}}]]
-In the Philippines, loincloths of any sort are generally called [[bahag (garment)|''bahág'']]. It is often a single, long, rectangular cloth that is not tied with a belt or string, and were made from either [[barkcloth]] or hand-[[woven textile]]s. The design of the weave is often unique to a specific tribe, while colors may denote the wearer’s social rank, such as plain white for commoners.<ref name="Belen">{{cite web |last1=Belen |first1=Yvonne |date=21 June 2014 |title=Loincloth (G-string, Bahag) |url=https://www.icbe.eu/cordillera-articles/675-loincloth-g-string-bahag |access-date=21 July 2021 |website=Grand Cañao}}</ref>
+In the Philippines, loincloths of any sort are generally called [[bahag (garment)|''bahág'']]. It is often a single, long, rectangular cloth that is not tied with a belt or string and were made from either [[barkcloth]] or hand-[[woven textile]]s. The design of the weave is often unique to a specific tribe, while colors may denote the wearer’s social rank, such as plain white for commoners.<ref name="Belen">{{cite web |last1=Belen |first1=Yvonne |date=21 June 2014 |title=Loincloth (G-string, Bahag) |url=https://www.icbe.eu/cordillera-articles/675-loincloth-g-string-bahag |access-date=21 July 2021 |website=Grand Cañao}}</ref>
 Throughout the [[pre-colonial Philippines|pre-colonial]] period, the ''bahág'' was the normative dress for commoners and the servile class (the ''[[alipin]]'' caste).<ref name="Lopez">{{cite book |last1=Lopez |first1=Mellie Leandicho |title=A Handbook of Philippine Folklore |date=2006 |publisher=UP Press |isbn=9789715425148 |page=385}}</ref> It survives today among some [[indigenous tribes of the Philippines]], most notably the various [[Igorot|Cordilleran]] peoples in the mountains of inland northern [[Luzon]].<ref name="Dalton">{{cite book |last1=Dalton |first1=David |last2=Keeling |first2=Stephen |title=The Rough Guide to the Philippines |date=2013 |publisher=Rough Guides UK |isbn=9781405392075}}</ref>
-The ''bahág'' was also favoured by the pre-colonial [[Maginoo|noble]] (''tumao'') and [[Timawa|warrior]] (''timawa'') classes of the [[Visayan people]], as it showed off their elaborate, full-body tattoos (''[[batok]]'') that advertised combat prowess and other significant achievements.<ref name="Scott" /><ref name="Francia">{{cite book |last1=Francia |first1=Luis H. |title=History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos |date=2013 |publisher=Abrams |isbn=978-1-4683-1545-5}}</ref>
+The ''bahág'' was also favoured by the pre-colonial [[Maginoo|noble]] (''tumao'') and [[Timawa|warrior]] (''timawa'') classes of the [[Visayan people]], as it showed off their elaborate, full-body tattoos (''[[batok]]'') that advertised combat prowess and other significant achievements:<ref name="Scott" /><ref name="Francia">{{cite book |last1=Francia |first1=Luis H. |title=History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos |date=2013 |publisher=Abrams |isbn=978-1-4683-1545-5}}</ref>
 {{Blockquote
-|text="The principal clothing of the Cebuanos and all the Visayans is the tattooing of which we have already spoken, with which a naked man appears to be dressed in a kind of handsome armor engraved with very fine work, a dress so esteemed by  them they take it for their proudest attire, covering their bodies neither more nor less than a [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Christ crucified]], so that although for solemn occasions they have the ''marlotas'' (robes) we mentioned, their dress at home and in their ''barrio'' is their tattoos and a [[bahag (garment)|''bahag'']], as they call that cloth they wrap around their waist, which is the sort the ancient actors and gladiators used in Rome for decency's sake."
+|text=The principal clothing of the Cebuanos and all the Visayans is the tattooing of which we have already spoken, with which a naked man appears to be dressed in a kind of handsome armor engraved with very fine work, a dress so esteemed by  them they take it for their proudest attire, covering their bodies neither more nor less than a [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Christ crucified]], so that although for solemn occasions they have the ''marlotas'' (robes) we mentioned, their dress at home and in their ''barrio'' is their tattoos and a [[bahag (garment)|''bahag'']], as they call that cloth they wrap around their waist, which is the sort the ancient actors and gladiators used in Rome for decency's sake.
 |author=[[Pedro Chirino]]
 |title = ''Relación de las Islas Filipinas'' (1604)
@@ Line 61: / Line 73: @@
 The native [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] word for "rainbow", ''bahagharì'', literally means "loincloth of the king".<ref>{{cite news |title=Glossary of Confusing Pinoy Expressions |access-date=21 July 2021 |work=Spot.ph|url= https://www.spot.ph/newsfeatures/54434/glossary-of-pinoy-expressions|date=10 October 2013}}</ref>
-[[File:Clothing of the French Canadiens and the Milice reenactment.jpg|thumb|Clothing of the French Canadiens and the Milice reenactment]]
 === Europe ===
+[[File:Clothing of the French Canadiens and the Milice reenactment 1.jpg|thumb|Clothing of the French Canadiens and the Milice reenactment.]]
 Some [[Ethnic groups in Europe|European]] men around {{BCE|2000|link=y}} wore [[leather]] breechcloths, as can be seen from the clothing of [[Ötzi]].<ref name="iceman.it/clothing">[http://www.iceman.it/en/clothing South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology]. Retrieved 2010-07-15.</ref> [[Ancient Rome|Ancient Romans]] wore a type of loincloth known as a [[subligaculum]].
 The use of breechcloths took on common use by the Metis and Acadians and are mentioned as early as the 1650s. In the 1740s and 50s they were issued to the Canadien as part of their war uniform and in 1755 they even tried to issue them to soldiers from France.
+{{Blockquote
-"During their travels across Canada, the French [canadiens] dress as the Indians; they do not wear breeches" “Many nations imitate the French customs; yet I observed, on the contrary, that the French in Canada, in many respects, follow the customs of the Indians, with whom they converse everyday. They make use of the tobacco pipes, shoes, garters, and girdles of the Indians.” -Peter Kalm, 1749. "Those who go to war receive a capot, two cotton shirts, one breechclout, one pair of leggings, one blanket, one pair of souliers de boeuf, a wood-handled knife, a worm and a musket when they do not bring any. The breechclout is a piece of broadcloth draped between the thighs in the Native manner and with the two ends held by a belt. One wears it without breeches to walk more easily in the woods." – d’Aleyrac, 1755–60. “During the week the men went about in their homes dressed much like the Indians, namely, in stockings and shoes like theirs, with garters, and a girdle about the waist; otherwise the clothing was like that of other Frenchmen.” (Kalm, p. 558). "The French familiarized themselves with us, Studied our Tongue, and Manners, wore our Dress, Married our Daughters, and our Sons their Maids" (Pontiac, Ottawa leader, 2.2.50-57)
+|text=During their travels across Canada, the French [canadiens] dress as the Indians; they do not wear breeches. Many nations imitate the French customs; yet I observed, on the contrary, that the French in Canada, in many respects, follow the customs of the Indians, with whom they converse everyday. They make use of the tobacco pipes, shoes, garters, and girdles of the Indians.
+|author=-Peter Kalm, 1749.
+}}
+{{Blockquote
+|text=Those who go to war receive a capot, two cotton shirts, one breechclout, one pair of leggings, one blanket, one pair of souliers de boeuf, a wood-handled knife, a worm and a musket when they do not bring any. The breechclout is a piece of broadcloth draped between the thighs in the Native manner and with the two ends held by a belt. One wears it without breeches to walk more easily in the woods.
+|author=d’Aleyrac, 1755–60.
+}}
+{{Blockquote
+|text=During the week the men went about in their homes dressed much like the Indians, namely, in stockings and shoes like theirs, with garters, and a girdle about the waist; otherwise the clothing was like that of other Frenchmen.
+|author=Kalm, p. 558
+}}
+{{Blockquote
+|text=The French familiarized themselves with us, Studied our Tongue, and Manners, wore our Dress, Married our Daughters, and our Sons their Maids
+|author=Pontiac, Ottawa leader, 2.2.50-57
+}}
 == See also ==
@@ Line 78: / Line 107: @@
 ** [[Dhoti]]
 ** [[Lungi]]
-* Similar foreign clothes
+* Similar garments
-** [[Breechcloth]]
+** Breechcloth
 ** [[Fundoshi]]
 ** Loincloth
@@ Line 89: / Line 118: @@
 * [[Fundoshi]]
 * [[Kaupinam]]
-* Related foreign clothes
+* Related garments
 ** [[Tallit katan]]
-** [[Temple garment]]: religious undergarments worn by many [[Mormons]]
 {{Div col end}}
@@ Line 109: / Line 137: @@
 {{Men's undergarments}}
 {{Historical clothing}}
 [[Category:Indian clothing]]
 [[Category:Maya clothing]]

v t e Men's undergarments
Upper body	Male bra Sleeveless shirt (A-shirt / singlet / tank top) T-shirt Henley shirt Undershirt Telnyashka
Lower body	Boxer briefs Boxer shorts Briefs (slip / Y-fronts) Compression shorts Fundoshi Jockstrap (athletic supporter) Pantyhose for men Swim trunks Thong (G-string) Willy warmer
Full body	Long underwear (long johns) Nightshirt Union suit
Hosiery	Compression stockings Leggings Pantyhose Sock Stocking Tabi
Historical	Breechcloth Chausses Codpiece Doublet Garter Hose Loincloth Nightshirt Union suit
Brands	2(X)IST 2wink Abercrombie & Fitch Adidas Allbirds AllSaints American Apparel American Eagle Andrew Christian Arc'teryx aussieBum Björn Borg Boden Bombas Bonds Bonobos Burberry BVD Calvin Klein Comme des Garçons Desigual Diesel DKNY Dolce & Gabbana Dsquared² Duluth Trading Company Emporio Armani Everlane Finisterre Fleur du Mal Fruit of the Loom Gap Gunze H&M Hanes Hanro House of Holland Hugo Boss Ibex J.Crew Jockey International Joe Boxer John Lewis John Smedley's Kenneth Cole Kotn Lacoste Levi's Louis Vuitton Lululemon Marks & Spencer Michael Kors Munsingwear Nasty Pig Nike Nordstrom Orlebar Brown Patagonia Paul Smith Paul Stuart Pringle Puma Ralph Lauren River Island Roberto Cavalli Rufskin Schiesser Smartwool Spanx Stanfield's Sunspel Superdry Supreme Three Gun Todd Snyder Tom Ford Tommy Hilfiger Topman Under Armour Uniqlo Versace Volcom XTG

v t e Historical clothing
Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings
Body-length	Abolla Banyan Brunswick Court dress (Empire of Japan) Chiton Frock Frock coat Hanfu Justacorps Paenula Peplos Stola Toga Tunic Xout lao
Tops	Basque Bedgown Bodice Doublet Peascod belly Poet shirt Sbai Suea pat
Trousers	Braccae Breeches Sompot Chong Kben Culottes Harem Knickerbockers Pedal pushers Saragüells [ca]
Skirts	Hobble Poodle Safeguard Sompot Sinh Train
Dresses	Bliaut Close-bodied gown Debutante Gown Kirtle Mantua Polonaise Robe de cour Sack-back gown Sailor Tea gown Zaju chuishao fu
Outerwear	Capote Car coat Caraco Cardinal cloak Chamail Chlamys Cloak Kinsale cloak Dolman Doublet Duster Exomis Greatcoat Himation Houppelande Inverness cape Jerkin Kandys Mackinaw jacket Nadiri Norfolk jacket Overfrock Pañuelo Palla Pallium Pelisse Poncho Shadbelly Shawl Galway shawl Kullu Smock-frock Spencer Surcoat Surtout Ulster coat Visite Witzchoura
Underwear	Basque Bustle Chausses Chemise Codpiece Corselet Corset Waist cincher Dickey Garter Hoop skirt Crinoline Farthingale Pannier Hose Liberty bodice Loincloth Open drawers Pantalettes Petticoat Peignoir Pettipants Union suit Yếm
Headwear	Anthony Eden Apex Arakhchin Attifet Aviator Ba tầm Bergère Blessed hat Bonnet Capotain Caubeen Cavalier Coif Coonskin Cornette Dunce Fillet French hood Fontange Futou Gable hood Hennin Jeongjagwan Jewish Kausia Kokoshnik Llawt'u Malahai Matron's badge Miner's Mob Modius Monmouth Mooskappe Motoring hood Mounteere Nemes Nightcap Ochipok Pahlavi Petasos Phrygian Pileus Printer's Pudding Qeleshe Qing Salakot Snood Smoking Stephane (headdress) Tainia Taranga Welsh Wig Wimple
Footwear	Buskins Calcei Caligae Carbatina Chinese styles Chopines Duckbills Episcopal sandals Hessian Lotus shoes Manchu platform shoes Pampooties Pattens Pigaches Poulaines Socci Tiger-head shoes Turnshoes
Accessories	Ascot tie Belt hook Cointoise Cravat (early) Hairpin Hatpin Jabot Lavallière Muff Oes Partlet Perfumed gloves Ruff Shoe buckle Visard
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