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Coordinates: 18°11′23″S 31°32′48″E / 18.18972°S 31.54667°E / -18.18972; 31.54667
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{{Refimprove|date=June 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Marondera
|official_name = Marondera
|settlement_type = City
|other_name = Marandellas
|motto = {{ubl|Floreat Marondera|(''May Marondera Flourish'')}}
|settlement_type = City
|motto = {{ubl|Floreat Marondera|(''May Marondera Flourish'')}}
|image_seal = Marondera.jpg
|image_flag =
|pushpin_map = Zimbabwe
|image_shield = Marondera.jpg
|subdivision_type = Country
|pushpin_map = Zimbabwe
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Zimbabwe|Province]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Zimbabwe|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Mashonaland East]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Mashonaland East]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Zimbabwe|District]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Zimbabwe|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Marondera District|Marondera]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Marondera District|Marondera]]
|leader_name = Josiah Oswald Musuwo
|leader_title1 = Town Clerk (Longest serving Town Clerk in Zimbabwe )
|leader_name = Josiah Oswald Musuwo
|leader_title1 = Town Clerk (Longest serving Town Clerk in Zimbabwe )
|established_title = Village
|established_title = Village
|established_date = 1913
|established_date = 1913
|established_title2 = Town
|established_title2 = Town
|established_date2 = 1943
|established_date2 = 1943
|established_title3 = City
|established_title3 = City
|established_date3 = 1982
|established_date3 = 1982
|population_as_of = 2013
|population_as_of = 2022 census
|population_footnotes = <ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/zimbabwe/cities/ Citypopulation.de] Population of cities & urban localities in Zimbabwe</ref>
|population_total = 68017
|timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]]
|population_total = 66203
|timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]]
|utc_offset = +2
|utc_offset = +2
|coordinates = {{coord|18|11|23|S|31|32|48|E|region:ZW|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|18|11|23|S|31|32|48|E|region:ZW|display=it}}
|elevation_m = 1688
|elevation_m = 1688
|blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank_info = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cwb)|Cwb]]
|blank_info = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cfb, Cwb)|Cwb]]
|website = www.maronderardc.org.zw
|website = www.maronderardc.org.zw
}}
}}


'''Marondera''' (known as '''Marandellas''' until 1982) is a city in [[Mashonaland East]], Zimbabwe, located about 72&nbsp;km east of [[Harare]].
'''Marondera''', originally known as '''Marandellas''', is a city in [[Mashonaland East]], Zimbabwe, located about {{convert|72|km|mi|0}} east of [[Harare]].


== History ==
== History ==
It was first known as Marandella's Kraal, corrupted from Marondera, chief of the ruling [[Rozvi Empire|VaRozvi people]] who lived in the area. British colonialist as they were colonizing Zimbabwe, first used it as a rest stop on the way to Harare. Later destroyed in the Shona resistance of 1896, the town was moved 4&nbsp;miles (6&nbsp;km) north to the [[Beira–Bulawayo railway]] line.
It was first known as Marandella's Kraal, corrupted from Marondera, chief of the ruling [[Rozvi Empire|VaRozvi people]] who lived in the area. British colonialists as they were colonizing Zimbabwe, first used it as a rest stop on the way to Harare. Later destroyed in the Shona resistance of 1896, the town was moved 4&nbsp;miles (6&nbsp;km) north to the [[Beira–Bulawayo railway]] line.


Constituted a village in 1913, it became a town in 1943. During the South African [[Boer War|(Boer) War]] it was used by the British as a staging point for military operations into the [[South African Republic|Transvaal]], and in [[World War II]] it was a refuge for displaced [[Polish people|Poles]].
Constituted a village in 1913, it became a town in 1943. During the South African [[Boer War|(Boer) War]] it was used by the British as a staging point for military operations into the [[South African Republic|Transvaal]]. During [[World War II]], over 600 [[Polish people|Polish]] refugees, mostly women and children, escaping from [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|Soviet-occupied Poland]], were admitted in Marondera.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wróbel|first=Janusz|title=Uchodźcy polscy ze Związku Sowieckiego 1942–1950|year=2003|language=pl|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|Instytut Pamięci Narodowej]]|location=Łódź|page=160|isbn=978-83-7629-522-0}}</ref> In 1946, the refugee camp was closed, and the Poles were relocated to [[Kadoma, Zimbabwe|Gatooma]], from where they were eventually repatriated to Europe.<ref>Wróbel, p. 247</ref>


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
Marondera is a [[multicultural]] city, with a variety of ethnic groups and a Shona majority. Within the African population is a notable proportion of people of [[Malawian]] origin whose parents migrated and took employment on the white owned tobacco farms. White Maronderans are overwhelmingly of [[Anglo African|British descent]], with smaller groups of Dutch, Afrikaans, Greek and other European heritage. Other minorities include mixed race and Asian residents. Most residents of Marondera are traditional or syncretic Christians, predominantly [[mainline Protestants]], [[Roman Catholics]], evangelicals and ''mapostori'' (a sect of Old Testament bible followers who live like ancient prophets and may dress in white robes). [[Islam]] is practised by a very small minority of people in Marondera, almost all of whom are [[Asians]] and people of Malawian descent.
The indigenous population is mostly [[Shona people|Shona]].

The indigenous people of Marondera descend mainly from the [[Shona people|Shona]] royal families of [[Svosve]], and the nearby royal households of [[Chikwaka]], [[Nyashanu]] and others royal family lives there the [[Mashonganyika]] family etc. They are traditionally farmers.


== Education ==
== Education ==
Marondera is renowned for its high quality educational institutions, which have educated many of the country's most prominent citizens. The junior schools include Godfrey Huggins, Tapfuma School, Dombotombo School, [[Springvale House]], [[Digglefold]], R.G Mugabe Primary School, Nyamei Primary School, Ruware Primary School and [[Ruzawi School]] and the senior schools are [[Marondera High|Marondera High School]], [[Peterhouse Boys' School]], [[Peterhouse Girls' School]], Rakodzi High, [[Watershed College]], Nyameni High, Cherutombo High, Chitepo Secondary, [[Bernard Mizeki College]], [[Waddilove High School]] & [[Nagle House]]. The first black mayor of Marondera was T. K. Muronda in 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9051052/Marondera |title=Britannica.com |access-date=28 December 2007}}</ref>
Marondera is home to many schools and colleges:
Marondera also boasts presence of private and public learning institutions such as Kushinga Phikelela Polytechnic to the east, along the Harare-Mutare road; [[University of Zimbabwe]] College of Agricultural Sciences located; and the Umaa Institute.

Marondera is perhaps best known as an academic and intellectual centre and is home to many schools and colleges notably:
{{div col|colwidth=30em|content=
{{div col|colwidth=30em|content=
* [[Bernard Mizeki College]]
* [[Bernard Mizeki College]]
Line 54: Line 61:
* [[Waddilove High School]]
* [[Waddilove High School]]
* [[Watershed College]]
* [[Watershed College]]
* [[Nyameni High School]]
* Nyameni High School
* [[Nagle House Girls High School]]
* [[Nagle House Girls High School]]
* [[Godfrey Huggins Primary School]]
* [[Godfrey Huggins Primary School]]
* [[Cherutombo High School]]
* Cherutombo High School
* [[Ruzawi School]]
* [[Ruzawi School]]
* [[Peterhouse group of schools]]
* [[Peterhouse group of schools]]
Line 63: Line 70:


== Climate ==
== Climate ==
<div style="width:82%;">
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Marondera (1961–1990)
|location = Marondera (1961–1990)
Line 125: Line 131:
|title = World Weather Information Service – Marondera
|title = World Weather Information Service – Marondera
|publisher = World Meteorological Organization
|publisher = World Meteorological Organization
|accessdate = 13 May 2016}}</ref>
|access-date = 13 May 2016}}</ref>
}}
}}

</div>
Marondera is situated on the [[highveld]] plateau, and has a [[subtropical highland climate]] (Köppen Cwb). The city enjoys a sunny climate, with the summer months (October to April) characterised by warm to hot days followed by afternoon thundershowers and cool evenings, and the winter months (May to September) by dry, sunny days followed by cold nights. Temperatures are usually fairly mild due to the city's high elevation, with an average maximum daytime temperature in January of 25.6&nbsp;°C (78.1&nbsp;°F), dropping to an average maximum of around 16&nbsp;°C (61&nbsp;°F) in June.

Winter is the sunniest time of the year, with mild days and cool nights, dropping to 5&nbsp;°C (39.4&nbsp;°F) in June and July. The temperature occasionally drops to below freezing at night, causing frost.

Regular cold fronts pass over the city in winter bringing cool southeasterly winds but and grey skies. The annual average rainfall is 850 millimetres, which is mostly concentrated in the summer months. Infrequent showers can occur through the course of the year, especially during spring.

==Notable people==
*[[Eve Christine Gadzikwa]], Zimbabwean businesswoman and entrepreneur
*[[Kate Nicholl]], former [[List of mayors of Belfast|Lord Mayor]] of [[Belfast]], [[Northern Ireland]] and current [[Alliance Party of Northern Ireland|Alliance Party]] MLA for [[Belfast South (Assembly constituency)|Belfast South]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 133: Line 148:


{{Geography of Zimbabwe}}
{{Geography of Zimbabwe}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Marondera| ]]
[[Category:Marondera| ]]
[[Category:Marondera District]]
[[Category:Marondera District]]

Latest revision as of 05:43, 13 November 2024

Marondera
Marandellas
City
Coat of arms of Marondera
Coat of arms
Mottoes: 
  • Floreat Marondera
  • (May Marondera Flourish)
Marondera is located in Zimbabwe
Marondera
Marondera
Coordinates: 18°11′23″S 31°32′48″E / 18.18972°S 31.54667°E / -18.18972; 31.54667
Country Zimbabwe
ProvinceMashonaland East
DistrictMarondera
Village1913
Town1943
City1982
Government
Elevation
1,688 m (5,538 ft)
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • Total
66,203
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
ClimateCwb
Websitewww.maronderardc.org.zw

Marondera, originally known as Marandellas, is a city in Mashonaland East, Zimbabwe, located about 72 kilometres (45 mi) east of Harare.

History

[edit]

It was first known as Marandella's Kraal, corrupted from Marondera, chief of the ruling VaRozvi people who lived in the area. British colonialists as they were colonizing Zimbabwe, first used it as a rest stop on the way to Harare. Later destroyed in the Shona resistance of 1896, the town was moved 4 miles (6 km) north to the Beira–Bulawayo railway line.

Constituted a village in 1913, it became a town in 1943. During the South African (Boer) War it was used by the British as a staging point for military operations into the Transvaal. During World War II, over 600 Polish refugees, mostly women and children, escaping from Soviet-occupied Poland, were admitted in Marondera.[2] In 1946, the refugee camp was closed, and the Poles were relocated to Gatooma, from where they were eventually repatriated to Europe.[3]

Demographics

[edit]

Marondera is a multicultural city, with a variety of ethnic groups and a Shona majority. Within the African population is a notable proportion of people of Malawian origin whose parents migrated and took employment on the white owned tobacco farms. White Maronderans are overwhelmingly of British descent, with smaller groups of Dutch, Afrikaans, Greek and other European heritage. Other minorities include mixed race and Asian residents. Most residents of Marondera are traditional or syncretic Christians, predominantly mainline Protestants, Roman Catholics, evangelicals and mapostori (a sect of Old Testament bible followers who live like ancient prophets and may dress in white robes). Islam is practised by a very small minority of people in Marondera, almost all of whom are Asians and people of Malawian descent.

The indigenous people of Marondera descend mainly from the Shona royal families of Svosve, and the nearby royal households of Chikwaka, Nyashanu and others royal family lives there the Mashonganyika family etc. They are traditionally farmers.

Education

[edit]

Marondera is renowned for its high quality educational institutions, which have educated many of the country's most prominent citizens. The junior schools include Godfrey Huggins, Tapfuma School, Dombotombo School, Springvale House, Digglefold, R.G Mugabe Primary School, Nyamei Primary School, Ruware Primary School and Ruzawi School and the senior schools are Marondera High School, Peterhouse Boys' School, Peterhouse Girls' School, Rakodzi High, Watershed College, Nyameni High, Cherutombo High, Chitepo Secondary, Bernard Mizeki College, Waddilove High School & Nagle House. The first black mayor of Marondera was T. K. Muronda in 1980.[4]

Marondera also boasts presence of private and public learning institutions such as Kushinga Phikelela Polytechnic to the east, along the Harare-Mutare road; University of Zimbabwe College of Agricultural Sciences located; and the Umaa Institute.

Marondera is perhaps best known as an academic and intellectual centre and is home to many schools and colleges notably:

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Marondera (1961–1990)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 24.8
(76.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		22.9
(73.2) 		21.5
(70.7) 		19.3
(66.7) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.5
(77.9) 		26.0
(78.8) 		25.8
(78.4) 		24.3
(75.7) 		23.3
(73.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 14.8
(58.6) 		14.7
(58.5) 		13.8
(56.8) 		11.5
(52.7) 		8.9
(48.0) 		6.1
(43.0) 		5.9
(42.6) 		7.3
(45.1) 		10.5
(50.9) 		12.5
(54.5) 		13.8
(56.8) 		14.5
(58.1) 		11.2
(52.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 193.4
(7.61) 		149.1
(5.87) 		90.3
(3.56) 		48.7
(1.92) 		10.1
(0.40) 		5.4
(0.21) 		3.0
(0.12) 		3.0
(0.12) 		6.8
(0.27) 		40.3
(1.59) 		113.1
(4.45) 		187.7
(7.39) 		850.9
(33.50)
Average rainy days 14 12 9 5 2 1 1 1 1 5 10 15 76
Source: World Meteorological Organization[5]

Marondera is situated on the highveld plateau, and has a subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb). The city enjoys a sunny climate, with the summer months (October to April) characterised by warm to hot days followed by afternoon thundershowers and cool evenings, and the winter months (May to September) by dry, sunny days followed by cold nights. Temperatures are usually fairly mild due to the city's high elevation, with an average maximum daytime temperature in January of 25.6 °C (78.1 °F), dropping to an average maximum of around 16 °C (61 °F) in June.

Winter is the sunniest time of the year, with mild days and cool nights, dropping to 5 °C (39.4 °F) in June and July. The temperature occasionally drops to below freezing at night, causing frost.

Regular cold fronts pass over the city in winter bringing cool southeasterly winds but and grey skies. The annual average rainfall is 850 millimetres, which is mostly concentrated in the summer months. Infrequent showers can occur through the course of the year, especially during spring.

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Citypopulation.de Population of cities & urban localities in Zimbabwe
  2. ^ Wróbel, Janusz (2003). Uchodźcy polscy ze Związku Sowieckiego 1942–1950 (in Polish). Łódź: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. p. 160. ISBN 978-83-7629-522-0.
  3. ^ Wróbel, p. 247
  4. ^ "Britannica.com". Retrieved 28 December 2007.
  5. ^ "World Weather Information Service – Marondera". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
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