HMS Churchill (S46): Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Crjfluoxkp (talk | contribs) modified hms churchill submarine image |
update template syntax |
||
| (42 intermediate revisions by 25 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{short description|1970 Churchill-class nuclear-powered fleet submarine of the Royal Navy}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}} |
|||
{{Use British English|date=January 2018}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{|{{Infobox ship begin}} |
{|{{Infobox ship begin}} |
||
{{Infobox ship image |
{{Infobox ship image |
||
|Ship image= |
|Ship image= Hms_churchill_s46.jpg |
||
|Ship caption= HMS |
|Ship caption= HMS ''Churchill'' at sea |
||
}} |
}} |
||
{{Infobox ship career |
{{Infobox ship career |
||
|Hide header= |
|Hide header= |
||
|Ship country= |
|Ship country=United Kingdom |
||
|Ship flag= |
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} |
||
|Ship name= HMS ''Churchill'' |
|Ship name= HMS ''Churchill'' |
||
|Ship namesake=[[Winston Churchill]] |
|Ship namesake=[[Winston Churchill]] |
||
|Ship ordered= |
|Ship ordered=21 October 1965 |
||
|Ship awarded= |
|Ship awarded= |
||
|Ship builder= |
|Ship builder= |
||
| Line 51: | Line 56: | ||
|Ship type= |
|Ship type= |
||
|Ship displacement= {{convert|4900|t|LT|0}} submerged |
|Ship displacement= {{convert|4900|t|LT|0}} submerged |
||
|Ship length= {{convert|86.9|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship length= {{convert|86.9|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
||
|Ship beam= {{convert|10.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship beam= {{convert|10.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
||
|Ship height= |
|Ship height= |
||
|Ship draught= {{convert|8.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship draught= {{convert|8.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
||
| Line 64: | Line 69: | ||
|Ship EW= |
|Ship EW= |
||
|Ship armament=*6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s |
|Ship armament=*6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s |
||
*[[ |
*[[British 21-inch torpedo#Mark VIII|Mark 8 torpedoes]] |
||
*[[Mark 24 Tigerfish|Tigerfish]] torpedoes |
*[[Mark 24 Tigerfish|Tigerfish]] torpedoes |
||
*[[Boeing Harpoon|RN Sub Harpoon missiles]] |
*[[Boeing Harpoon|RN Sub Harpoon missiles]] |
||
|Ship armour= |
|Ship armour= |
||
|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes= |
||
}} |
}} |
||
|} |
|} |
||
'''HMS ''Churchill''''' was the first of three {{sclass|Churchill|submarine|0}}{{#tag:ref|Some sources call ''Churchill'' a "Repeat ''Valiant''",{{sfn|Hennessey|Jinks|2016|p=291}}<ref>{{harvnb|Friedman|2021|loc=Chapter 7: Going Nuclear}} "SSN 04 and SSN 05 were described as the Repeat ''Valiant'' Class (NSR 7064)."</ref> while others treat ''Churchill'' as a member of the five-submarine ''Valiant'' class.{{sfn|Blackman|1971|p=336}}{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|1995|p=530}}|group=lower-alpha}} nuclear fleet submarines that served with the [[Royal Navy]]. |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
'''HMS ''Churchill''''' was the first of three {{sclass|Churchill|submarine}} nuclear fleet submarines that served with the [[Royal Navy]]. |
|||
==Construction== |
==Construction== |
||
''Churchill'', the Royal Navy's fourth nuclear-powered [[fleet submarine]] was ordered on 21 October 1965, and was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering|Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering Limited]] (VSEL)'s [[Barrow-in-Furness]] shipyard on 30 June 1967. |
In 1965, following a decision by the [[Labour government, 1964–1970|Labour government]] not to build a fifth {{sclass|Resolution|submarine|4}} ballistic missile submarine, production of nuclear-powered [[fleet submarine]]s, which had been postponed owing to the priority given to the [[Polaris (UK nuclear programme)|Polaris programme]], could be restarted.{{sfn|Hennessey|Jinks|2016|p=291}} ''Churchill'', the Royal Navy's fourth nuclear-powered [[fleet submarine]] was ordered on 21 October 1965, and was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering|Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering Limited]] (VSEL)'s [[Barrow-in-Furness]] shipyard on 30 June 1967.{{sfn|Blackman|1971|p=336}} Following a collision between sister submarine {{HMS|Warspite|S103|2}} and a Soviet [[Echo-class submarine#Echo II class|Echo II-class submarine]] in the [[Barents Sea]] on 9 October 1968, the [[Sail (submarine)|fin]] of ''Churchill'', still under construction at Barrow, was used to replace ''Warspite''{{'}}s fin, which had been badly damaged in the collision.{{sfn|Ballantyne|2014|p=134}}{{sfn|Hennessey|Jinks|2016|pp=310–313}} ''Churchill'' was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] by [[Mary Soames, Baroness Soames|Mary Soames]], [[Winston Churchill]]'s youngest daughter, on 20 December 1968,<ref>{{cite news |last=Gingeill |first=Basil |title=Tradition broken by Navy |newspaper=[[The Times]] |date=21 December 1968 |issue=57440 |page=1}}</ref> and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 15 July 1970.{{sfn|Blackman|1971|p=336}} |
||
==Propulsion== |
==Propulsion== |
||
''Churchill'' was chosen to trial the first full-size submarine [[pump jet]] propulsion. Trials of a high-speed unit were followed by further trials with a low-speed unit, and these were successful enough for the same propulsion to be fitted in the rest of the class.<ref>{{cite book|title=Cold war, hot science: applied research in Britain's defence laboratories, 1945-1990| |
''Churchill'' was chosen to trial the first full-size submarine [[pump jet]] propulsion. Trials of a high-speed unit were followed by further trials with a low-speed unit, and these were successful enough for the same propulsion to be fitted in the rest of the class.<ref>{{cite book|title=Cold war, hot science: applied research in Britain's defence laboratories, 1945-1990|last1=Bud|first1=Robert|last2=Gummett|first2=Philip|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMx_6FtHBcUC&q=british+submarine+pump+jet&pg=PA166|publisher=NMSI Trading Ltd|year=2002|page=166|isbn=978-1-900747-47-9}}</ref> Later British submarine classes also featured the pump jet, although first-of-class vessels ''Swiftsure'' and ''Trafalgar'' were fitted with propellers at build. |
||
== |
==Notes== |
||
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} |
|||
==Citations== |
|||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
==References== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* {{cite book |last=Ballantyne |first=Iain |title=Hunter Killers: The Dramatic Untold Story of the Royal Navy's Most Secret Service |year=2014 |publisher=Orion |location=London |isbn=978-1-4091-3901-0}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* {{cite book |last=Friedman |first=Norman |author-link=Norman Friedman |title=British Submarines in the Cold War Era |year=2021 |location=Barnsley, UK |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |isbn=978-1-5267-7123-0}} |
|||
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner |editor1-first=Robert |editor2-last=Chumbley |editor2-first=Stephen |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |year=1995 |location=Annapolis, Maryland, US |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=1-55750-132-7}} |
|||
* {{cite book |last1=Hennessey |first1=Peter |last2=Jinks |first2=James |title=The Silent Deep: The Royal Navy Submarine Service since 1945 |year=2016 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-241-95948-0}} |
|||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
* http://www.hmschurchill.co.uk |
* http://www.hmschurchill.co.uk {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517171608/http://hmschurchill.co.uk/ |date=17 May 2008 }} |
||
* [http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060023769 Film of ''Churchill''{{'}}s launch- Imperial War Museum] |
* [http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060023769 Film of ''Churchill''{{'}}s launch- Imperial War Museum] |
||
Latest revision as of 21:34, 13 November 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2010) |
 HMS Churchill at sea
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Churchill |
| Namesake | Winston Churchill |
| Ordered | 21 October 1965 |
| Laid down | 30 June 1967 |
| Launched | 20 December 1968 |
| Commissioned | 15 July 1970 |
| Decommissioned | 28 February 1991 |
| Fate | Awaiting disposal |
| Badge |  |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Churchill-class submarine |
| Displacement | 4,900 tonnes (4,823 long tons) submerged |
| Length | 86.9 m (285 ft 1 in) |
| Beam | 10.1 m (33 ft 2 in) |
| Draught | 8.2 m (26 ft 11 in) |
| Propulsion | 1 Rolls-Royce PWR nuclear reactor, 1 shaft |
| Speed | 28 knots (32 mph; 52 km/h) submerged |
| Complement | 103 |
| Armament |
|
HMS Churchill was the first of three Churchill-class[a] nuclear fleet submarines that served with the Royal Navy.
Construction
[edit]In 1965, following a decision by the Labour government not to build a fifth Resolution class ballistic missile submarine, production of nuclear-powered fleet submarines, which had been postponed owing to the priority given to the Polaris programme, could be restarted.[1] Churchill, the Royal Navy's fourth nuclear-powered fleet submarine was ordered on 21 October 1965, and was laid down at Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering Limited (VSEL)'s Barrow-in-Furness shipyard on 30 June 1967.[3] Following a collision between sister submarine Warspite and a Soviet Echo II-class submarine in the Barents Sea on 9 October 1968, the fin of Churchill, still under construction at Barrow, was used to replace Warspite's fin, which had been badly damaged in the collision.[5][6] Churchill was launched by Mary Soames, Winston Churchill's youngest daughter, on 20 December 1968,[7] and commissioned on 15 July 1970.[3]
Propulsion
[edit]Churchill was chosen to trial the first full-size submarine pump jet propulsion. Trials of a high-speed unit were followed by further trials with a low-speed unit, and these were successful enough for the same propulsion to be fitted in the rest of the class.[8] Later British submarine classes also featured the pump jet, although first-of-class vessels Swiftsure and Trafalgar were fitted with propellers at build.
Notes
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ a b Hennessey & Jinks 2016, p. 291.
- ^ Friedman 2021, Chapter 7: Going Nuclear "SSN 04 and SSN 05 were described as the Repeat Valiant Class (NSR 7064)."
- ^ a b c Blackman 1971, p. 336.
- ^ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 530.
- ^ Ballantyne 2014, p. 134.
- ^ Hennessey & Jinks 2016, pp. 310–313.
- ^ Gingeill, Basil (21 December 1968). "Tradition broken by Navy". The Times. No. 57440. p. 1.
- ^ Bud, Robert; Gummett, Philip (2002). Cold war, hot science: applied research in Britain's defence laboratories, 1945-1990. NMSI Trading Ltd. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-900747-47-9.
References
[edit]- Ballantyne, Iain (2014). Hunter Killers: The Dramatic Untold Story of the Royal Navy's Most Secret Service. London: Orion. ISBN 978-1-4091-3901-0.
- Blackman, Raymond V. B., ed. (1971). Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd. ISBN 0-354-00096-9.
- Friedman, Norman (2021). British Submarines in the Cold War Era. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-7123-0.
- Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds. (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland, US: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
- Hennessey, Peter; Jinks, James (2016). The Silent Deep: The Royal Navy Submarine Service since 1945. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-241-95948-0.