Peretz Smolenskin: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Russian writer}} |
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'''Peretz''' ('''Peter''') '''Smolenskin''' ({{lang-he|פרץ סמולנסקין}}; [[1842]]-[[1885]]), a [[Russia]]n [[Jew]]ish [[novelist]], was born near [[Mogilev]] (Russia). As evident from his name, his forebears had lived in [[Smolensk]]. |
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'''Peretz''' ('''Peter''') '''Smolenskin''' ({{Langx|he|פרץ (פטר) סמולנסקין}}; {{ltr}}25 February 1842 – 1 February 1885) was a Russian-born [[Zionist]] and [[Hebrew]] writer. |
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His story is the Odyssey of an erring son of the [[Ghetto]]. He joined and left the opposite parties of the [[rationalism|rationalists]] and the [[mysticism|mystics]], and followed a variety of precarious occupations. He settled in [[Odessa]], where he familiarized himself with several European languages, and became an [[antinomian]] in religion, though he never left the Jewish fold. |
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== Biography == |
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Peretz Smolenskin was born in [[Monastyrshchina]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13844|title=Peretz Smolenskin|website=www.ithl.org.il|access-date=2018-01-02}}</ref> [[Mogilev Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] (in present-day [[Smolensk Oblast]], [[Russia]]). His family came from [[Smolensk]]. His older brother was seized by the Czar's army and never returned. His father, falsely accused of a crime, was a fugitive for over two years and died when Peretz was eleven. At the age of 12, he left home to study at yeshiva for five years. He began reading secular books and learning Russian under the influence of the [[Haskalah]] movement. |
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Smolenskin traveled through southern Russia and the [[Crimea]], supporting himself by singing in choirs and preaching in synagogues. In 1862 he settled in [[Odessa]] where he studied music and languages and taught Hebrew. He published his first story in 1867. In the course of his travels through Romania, Germany and Bohemia, he acquired Turkish nationality. |
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Smolenskin's literary fame is due to his [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] novels. He may be termed the Jewish [[William Makepeace Thackeray|Thackeray]]. In style and method his work resembles that of the English novelist. |
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==Literary career== |
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Of his novels only the best need be named here. ''A Wanderer on the Path of Life'' (''Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim'', התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, who passes through every phase of Ghetto life; the work (1868-1870) is an autobiography, the form of which was suggested by ''[[David Copperfield (novel)|David Copperfield]]'', but there is no similarity to the manner of [[Charles Dickens|Dickens]]. |
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[[File:Haschachar.jpg|thumb|Front page of ''HaShachar'']] |
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In [[Vienna]], Smolenskin founded ''[[Ha-Shaḥar|HaShachar]]'' (''The Dawn''), a Hebrew journal that became a literary platform for the [[Haskalah]] movement and early Jewish nationalism. He also wrote novels and short stories in Hebrew.<ref>{{cite web|author=Feiner, Shmuel|title=Smolenskin, Perets|translator=David Fachler from Feiner's Hebrew original|website=The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Smolenskin_Perets}}</ref> |
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More perfect in execution is the ''Burial of the Ass'' (''Qeburath Hamor'' קבורת חמור) which appeared in 1874. A third novel, ''The Inheritance'' (''Ha-yerushah'' הירושה), issued in 1880-1881, depicts life in Odessa and [[Romania]]. |
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He was stricken with tuberculosis in 1883 and died on February 1, 1885, in [[Merano]], Italy. He completed his last novel, ''The Inheritance'', shortly before his death.<ref>[http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13844 Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin]</ref> |
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== External Reference == |
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* [http://www.ithl.org.il/author_info.asp?id=259 Biography by the Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature] |
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| ⚫ | Smolenskin was a leader in the revolt of young Jews against [[medievalism]] and a strong voice for Jewish nationalism. His Hebrew periodical, ''The Dawn'' (''Ha-shahar'' השחר), was highly influential in these spheres. Shortly before his death he was associated with [[Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888)|Laurence Oliphant]] and became deeply interested in the establishment of a Jewish state in [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]]. Smolenskin was among the first of the Jewish nationalists to disassociate Messianic ideals from theological concomitants. |
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==Published works== |
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{{1911}} |
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His six novels create a kaleidoscope of Jewish life in which he rejects the notion of the westernized Jew.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/259083/Hebrew-literature/61549/Romanticism?anchor=ref260744 Hebrew literature: Romanticism]</ref> |
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[[he:פרץ סמולנסקין]] |
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=== Hebrew<ref name=":0" /> === |
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[[ja:ペレツ・スモレンスキン]] |
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''The Joy of the Goddess,'' Vienna, (Simchat Hanef) Ha-Shachar, 1872. |
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''Burial of the Ass'' Vienna, (''Kevurat Hamor'' קבורת חמור) Ha-Shachar, 1873. |
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''Pride and Fall'', Vienna, (Ga'on Va-Shever) Ha-Shahar, 1874. |
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''The Reward of the Righteous'', Vienna, Ha-Shahar, (Gemul Yesharim)1875. |
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''The Wanderer in the Paths of Life'', Vienna, (''Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim'', התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, and his life in the ghetto. Ha-Shachar, 1876. |
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''The Inheritance'' (''Ha-yerushah'' הירושה), depicts life in Odessa and [[Romania]]. 1877–1884. |
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''Collected Works'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Col Sifrei Peretz Smolenskin) 1901. |
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''One Hundred Letters'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1905. |
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''The Reward'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1910. |
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''Articles'', Smolenskin Foundation, (Ma'amarim) 1926. |
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''Selected Stories & Articles'', Dvir, (Mivhar Sipurim Ve-Ma'amarim) 1941. |
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=== Yiddish<ref name=":0" /> === |
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''The Wanderer in the Paths of Life'', Warsaw, Sefer, 1927 |
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==See also== |
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*[[Hebrew literature]] |
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*[[Yiddish literature]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Smolenskin, Peretz}} |
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[[Category:People from Smolensk Oblast]] |
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[[Category:People from Mstislavsky Uyezd]] |
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[[Category:19th-century novelists from the Russian Empire]] |
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[[Category:Burials at Har HaMenuchot]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:08, 14 November 2024
Peretz (Peter) Smolenskin (Hebrew: פרץ (פטר) סמולנסקין; 25 February 1842 – 1 February 1885) was a Russian-born Zionist and Hebrew writer.
Biography
[edit]Peretz Smolenskin was born in Monastyrshchina,[1] Mogilev Governorate, Russian Empire (in present-day Smolensk Oblast, Russia). His family came from Smolensk. His older brother was seized by the Czar's army and never returned. His father, falsely accused of a crime, was a fugitive for over two years and died when Peretz was eleven. At the age of 12, he left home to study at yeshiva for five years. He began reading secular books and learning Russian under the influence of the Haskalah movement.
Smolenskin traveled through southern Russia and the Crimea, supporting himself by singing in choirs and preaching in synagogues. In 1862 he settled in Odessa where he studied music and languages and taught Hebrew. He published his first story in 1867. In the course of his travels through Romania, Germany and Bohemia, he acquired Turkish nationality.
Literary career
[edit]
In Vienna, Smolenskin founded HaShachar (The Dawn), a Hebrew journal that became a literary platform for the Haskalah movement and early Jewish nationalism. He also wrote novels and short stories in Hebrew.[2]
He was stricken with tuberculosis in 1883 and died on February 1, 1885, in Merano, Italy. He completed his last novel, The Inheritance, shortly before his death.[3]
Smolenskin was a leader in the revolt of young Jews against medievalism and a strong voice for Jewish nationalism. His Hebrew periodical, The Dawn (Ha-shahar השחר), was highly influential in these spheres. Shortly before his death he was associated with Laurence Oliphant and became deeply interested in the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. Smolenskin was among the first of the Jewish nationalists to disassociate Messianic ideals from theological concomitants.
Published works
[edit]His six novels create a kaleidoscope of Jewish life in which he rejects the notion of the westernized Jew.[4]
The Joy of the Goddess, Vienna, (Simchat Hanef) Ha-Shachar, 1872.
Burial of the Ass Vienna, (Kevurat Hamor קבורת חמור) Ha-Shachar, 1873.
Pride and Fall, Vienna, (Ga'on Va-Shever) Ha-Shahar, 1874.
The Reward of the Righteous, Vienna, Ha-Shahar, (Gemul Yesharim)1875.
The Wanderer in the Paths of Life, Vienna, (Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim, התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, and his life in the ghetto. Ha-Shachar, 1876.
The Inheritance (Ha-yerushah הירושה), depicts life in Odessa and Romania. 1877–1884.
Collected Works, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Col Sifrei Peretz Smolenskin) 1901.
One Hundred Letters, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1905.
The Reward, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1910.
Articles, Smolenskin Foundation, (Ma'amarim) 1926.
Selected Stories & Articles, Dvir, (Mivhar Sipurim Ve-Ma'amarim) 1941.
The Wanderer in the Paths of Life, Warsaw, Sefer, 1927
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Peretz Smolenskin". www.ithl.org.il. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
- ^ Feiner, Shmuel. "Smolenskin, Perets". The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Translated by David Fachler from Feiner's Hebrew original.
- ^ Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin
- ^ Hebrew literature: Romanticism
