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Peretz (Peter) Smolenskin (Hebrew: פרץ (פטר) סמולנסקין; ‎25 February 1842 – 1 February 1885) was a Russian-born Zionist and Hebrew writer.

Biography

Peretz Smolenskin was born in Monastyrshchina,^[1] Mogilev Governorate, Russian Empire (in present-day Smolensk Oblast, Russia). His family came from Smolensk. His older brother was seized by the Czar's army and never returned. His father, falsely accused of a crime, was a fugitive for over two years and died when Peretz was eleven. At the age of 12, he left home to study at yeshiva for five years. He began reading secular books and learning Russian under the influence of the Haskalah movement.

Smolenskin traveled through southern Russia and the Crimea, supporting himself by singing in choirs and preaching in synagogues. In 1862 he settled in Odessa where he studied music and languages and taught Hebrew. He published his first story in 1867. In the course of his travels through Romania, Germany and Bohemia, he acquired Turkish nationality.

Literary career

In Vienna, Smolenskin founded HaShachar (The Dawn), a Hebrew journal that became a literary platform for the Haskalah movement and early Jewish nationalism. He also wrote novels and short stories in Hebrew.^[2]

He was stricken with tuberculosis in 1883 and died on February 1, 1885, in Merano, Italy. He completed his last novel, The Inheritance, shortly before his death.^[3]

Smolenskin was a leader in the revolt of young Jews against medievalism and a strong voice for Jewish nationalism. His Hebrew periodical, The Dawn (Ha-shahar השחר), was highly influential in these spheres. Shortly before his death he was associated with Laurence Oliphant and became deeply interested in the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. Smolenskin was among the first of the Jewish nationalists to disassociate Messianic ideals from theological concomitants.

Published works

His six novels create a kaleidoscope of Jewish life in which he rejects the notion of the westernized Jew.^[4]

Hebrew^[1]

The Joy of the Goddess, Vienna, (Simchat Hanef) Ha-Shachar, 1872.

Burial of the Ass Vienna, (Kevurat Hamor קבורת חמור) Ha-Shachar, 1873.

Pride and Fall, Vienna, (Ga'on Va-Shever) Ha-Shahar, 1874.

The Reward of the Righteous, Vienna, Ha-Shahar, (Gemul Yesharim)1875.

The Wanderer in the Paths of Life, Vienna, (Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim, התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, and his life in the ghetto. Ha-Shachar, 1876.

The Inheritance (Ha-yerushah הירושה), depicts life in Odessa and Romania. 1877–1884.

Collected Works, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Col Sifrei Peretz Smolenskin) 1901.

One Hundred Letters, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1905.

The Reward, Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1910.

Articles, Smolenskin Foundation, (Ma'amarim) 1926.

Selected Stories & Articles, Dvir, (Mivhar Sipurim Ve-Ma'amarim) 1941.

Yiddish^[1]

The Wanderer in the Paths of Life, Warsaw, Sefer, 1927

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Peretz Smolenskin". www.ithl.org.il. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
^ Feiner, Shmuel. "Smolenskin, Perets". The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Translated by David Fachler from Feiner's Hebrew original.
^ Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin
^ Hebrew literature: Romanticism

[:0-1] "Peretz Smolenskin". www.ithl.org.il. Retrieved 2018-01-02.

[2] Feiner, Shmuel. "Smolenskin, Perets". The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Translated by David Fachler from Feiner's Hebrew original.

[3] Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin

[4] Hebrew literature: Romanticism

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Russian writer}}
-[[File:Smolenskin.png|200px|thumb]]
+[[File:Smolenskin.png|200px|Peretz Smolenskin|thumb]]
-'''Peretz''' ('''Peter''') '''Smolenskin''' (פרץ (פטרוס) סמולנסקין ;1842-1885), was a [[Russia]]n [[Jew]]ish [[novelist]] who wrote in [[Hebrew]].
+'''Peretz''' ('''Peter''') '''Smolenskin''' ({{Langx|he|פרץ (פטר) סמולנסקין}}; {{ltr}}25 February 1842 &ndash; 1 February 1885) was a Russian-born [[Zionist]] and [[Hebrew]] writer.
+== Biography ==
-Peretz Smolenskin was born near [[Mogilev]], [[Russian Empire|Russia]]. His family came from [[Smolensk]]. His older brother was seized by the Czar's army and never returned. His father, falsely accused of a crime, was a fugitive for over two years and died when Peretz was eleven. At the age of 12,  Smolenskin left home to study at a yeshiva for five years. He began reading secular books and learning Russian under the influence of the [[Haskalah]] movement. He traveled through southern Russia and the Crimea, supporting himself by singing in choirs and preaching in synagogues. In 1862, he settled in Odessa where he studied music and languages. He worked there as a Hebrew teacher. In 1867,  he published his first story. During his travels through Rumania, Germany and Bohemia, he acquired Turkish nationality. In Vienna he founded a Hebrew journal that became a literary platform for the Haskalah movement and the early Jewish nationalist movement.  He was stricken with tuberculosis in 1883. His last novel, The Inheritance, was completed shortly before his death.<ref>[http://www.ithl.org.il/author_info.asp?id=259 Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin]</ref>
+Peretz Smolenskin was born in [[Monastyrshchina]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13844|title=Peretz Smolenskin|website=www.ithl.org.il|access-date=2018-01-02}}</ref> [[Mogilev Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] (in present-day [[Smolensk Oblast]], [[Russia]]). His family came from [[Smolensk]]. His older brother was seized by the Czar's army and never returned. His father, falsely accused of a crime, was a fugitive for over two years and died when Peretz was eleven. At the age of 12,  he left home to study at yeshiva for five years. He began reading secular books and learning Russian under the influence of the [[Haskalah]] movement.
+Smolenskin traveled through southern Russia and the [[Crimea]], supporting himself by singing in choirs and preaching in synagogues. In 1862 he settled in [[Odessa]] where he studied music and languages and taught Hebrew. He published his first story in 1867. In the course of his travels through Romania, Germany and Bohemia, he acquired Turkish nationality.
-Smolenskin died on 1 February 1885 in [[Merano]].
+==Literary career==
-Smolenskin was a leader in the revolt of young Jews against [[medievalism]] and a proponent of Jewish nationalism. His Hebrew periodical, ''The Dawn'' (''Ha-shahar'' השחר), was highly influential in these spheres. Shortly before his death he became deeply interested in schemes for the colonization of [[Palestine]], and was associated with [[Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888)|Laurence Oliphant]]. Smolenskin was the first to dissociate Messianic ideals from theological concomitants.
+[[File:Haschachar.jpg|thumb|Front page of ''HaShachar'']]
+In [[Vienna]], Smolenskin founded ''[[Ha-Shaḥar|HaShachar]]'' (''The Dawn''), a Hebrew journal that became a literary platform for the [[Haskalah]] movement and early Jewish nationalism.  He also wrote novels and short stories in Hebrew.<ref>{{cite web|author=Feiner, Shmuel|title=Smolenskin, Perets|translator=David Fachler from Feiner's Hebrew original|website=The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Smolenskin_Perets}}</ref>
-His six novels create a kaleidoscope of Jewish life in which he rejects the notion of the westernized Jew.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/259083/Hebrew-literature/61549/Romanticism?anchor=ref260744 Hebrew literature: Romanticism]</ref>
+He was stricken with tuberculosis in 1883 and died on February 1, 1885, in [[Merano]], Italy. He completed his last novel, ''The Inheritance'', shortly before his death.<ref>[http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13844 Institute for Translation of Hebrew Literature: Peretz Smolenskin]</ref>
+Smolenskin was a leader in the revolt of young Jews against [[medievalism]] and a strong voice for Jewish nationalism. His Hebrew periodical, ''The Dawn'' (''Ha-shahar'' השחר), was highly influential in these spheres. Shortly before his death he was associated with [[Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888)|Laurence Oliphant]] and became deeply interested in the establishment of a Jewish state in [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]]. Smolenskin was among the first of the Jewish nationalists to disassociate Messianic ideals from theological concomitants.
 ==Published works==
+His six novels create a kaleidoscope of Jewish life in which he rejects the notion of the westernized Jew.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/259083/Hebrew-literature/61549/Romanticism?anchor=ref260744 Hebrew literature: Romanticism]</ref>
-Smolenskin's novel ''A Wanderer on the Path of Life'' (''Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim'', התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, and his life in the ghetto. ''Burial of the Ass'' (''Kevurat Hamor'' קבורת חמור) appeared in 1874. A third novel, ''The Inheritance'' (''Ha-yerushah'' הירושה), published in 1880-1881, depicts life in Odessa and [[Romania]].
+=== Hebrew<ref name=":0" /> ===
+''The Joy of the Goddess,'' Vienna, (Simchat Hanef) Ha-Shachar, 1872.
+''Burial of the Ass'' Vienna, (''Kevurat Hamor'' קבורת חמור) Ha-Shachar, 1873.
+''Pride and Fall'', Vienna, (Ga'on Va-Shever) Ha-Shahar, 1874.
+''The Reward of the Righteous'', Vienna, Ha-Shahar, (Gemul Yesharim)1875.
+''The Wanderer in the Paths of Life'', Vienna, (''Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim'', התועה בדרכי החיים) is the story of an orphan, Joseph, and his life in the ghetto. Ha-Shachar, 1876.
+''The Inheritance'' (''Ha-yerushah'' הירושה), depicts life in Odessa and [[Romania]]. 1877–1884.
+''Collected Works'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Col Sifrei Peretz Smolenskin) 1901.
+''One Hundred Letters'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1905.
+''The Reward'', Vilna, Katzenelbogen, (Meah Michtavim)1910.
+''Articles'', Smolenskin Foundation, (Ma'amarim) 1926.
+''Selected Stories & Articles'', Dvir, (Mivhar Sipurim Ve-Ma'amarim) 1941.
+=== Yiddish<ref name=":0" /> ===
+''The Wanderer in the Paths of Life'', Warsaw, Sefer, 1927
+==See also==
+*[[Hebrew literature]]
+*[[Yiddish literature]]
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
-{{Authority control|VIAF=42066996}}
+{{Authority control}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Smolenskin, Peretz
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
-| DATE OF BIRTH     = 1842
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
-| DATE OF DEATH     = 1885
-| PLACE OF DEATH    =
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Smolenskin, Peretz}}
 [[Category:1842 births]]
 [[Category:1885 deaths]]
-[[Category:Belarusian Jews]]
+[[Category:People from Smolensk Oblast]]
+[[Category:People from Mstislavsky Uyezd]]
+[[Category:Jewish Russian writers]]
 [[Category:Jewish novelists]]
-[[Category:Russian Jews]]
+[[Category:Writers from the Russian Empire]]
-[[Category:Russian writers]]
 [[Category:Hovevei Zion]]
+[[Category:19th-century novelists from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Burials at Har HaMenuchot]]
-[[de:Peretz Smolenskin]]
-[[fr:Peretz Smolenskin]]
-[[he:פרץ סמולנסקין]]
-[[ja:ペレツ・スモレンスキン]]
-[[pl:Peretz Smolenskin]]

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