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*Benesse House Museum, Naoshima Island<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/travel/naoshima-japan-an-unlikely-island-as-art-attraction.html?_r=0|title = Japanese Island as Unlikely Arts Installation|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 26 August 2011|last1 = Williams|first1 = Ingrid K.}}</ref>
*Benesse House Museum, Naoshima Island<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/travel/naoshima-japan-an-unlikely-island-as-art-attraction.html?_r=0|title = Japanese Island as Unlikely Arts Installation|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 26 August 2011|last1 = Williams|first1 = Ingrid K.}}</ref>
*[[Hakone Open-Air Museum]], [[Hakone, Kanagawa|Hakone]], [[Kanagawa Prefecture]]
*[[Hakone Open-Air Museum]], [[Hakone, Kanagawa|Hakone]], [[Kanagawa Prefecture]]
*Pierluigi Manciniart Scultpure garden, Kani city,[[Gifu Prefecture]]


===Laos===
===Laos===
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===Norway===
===Norway===
[[File:The monolith.JPG|thumb|150px|The monolith, sculptures by [[Gustav Vigeland]] (part of [[Vigeland Sculpture Park]])]]
[[File:The monolith.JPG|thumb|150px|The monolith, sculptures by [[Gustav Vigeland]] (part of [[Vigeland installation]] in [[Frogner Park]])]]
*[[Ekebergparken Sculpture Park]], [[Oslo]]
*[[Ekebergparken Sculpture Park]], [[Oslo]]
*[[Kistefos Sculpture Park]], Jevnaker
*[[Kistefos Sculpture Park]], Jevnaker


*[[Peer Gynt Sculpture Park]], Oslo
*[[Peer Gynt Sculpture Park]], Oslo
*[[Vigeland Sculpture Park]], Oslo
*[[Vigeland installation]] in [[Frogner Park]], Oslo


===Russia===
===Russia===
[[Image:Letniy Sad.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Summer Garden]] in [[St. Petersburg]] (1716–25) was one of the earliest sculpture parks.]]
[[Image:Letniy Sad.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Summer Garden]] in [[St. Petersburg]] (1716–25) was one of the earliest sculpture parks.]]
*The [[Summer Garden]] ({{lang-ru|italic=yes|Летний сад, Letniy Sad}}) occupies an island between the [[Fontanka River]], [[Moyka River]], and the Swan Canal in [[Saint Petersburg]], and shares its name with the adjacent [[Summer Palace of Peter the Great]].
*The [[Summer Garden]] ({{langx|ru|italic=yes|Летний сад, Letniy Sad}}) occupies an island between the [[Fontanka River]], [[Moyka River]], and the Swan Canal in [[Saint Petersburg]], and shares its name with the adjacent [[Summer Palace of Peter the Great]].


=== Slovenia ===
=== Slovenia ===
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*[[Millesgården]] Museum, [[Stockholm]]
*[[Millesgården]] Museum, [[Stockholm]]
* Wanas Sculpture Park
* Wanas Sculpture Park
* Konst på Hög, Kumla


===Switzerland===
===Switzerland===
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*[[Sculpture at Schoenthal]], near [[Basel]]
*[[Sculpture at Schoenthal]], near [[Basel]]

*[[Fondation Gianadda, Martigny]]


===United Kingdom===
===United Kingdom===
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*[[Jupiter Artland]], near Edinburgh
*[[Jupiter Artland]], near Edinburgh
*[[Kielder Forest]], [[Northumberland]], England
*[[Kielder Forest]], [[Northumberland]], England
*[[Thirsk Hall Sculpture Park]], North Yorkshire, opened in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Scott |first1=Catherine |title=Thirsk Hall Sculpture Park reopens with new exhibitions from top artists |url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/thirsk-hall-sculpture-park-reopens-with-new-exhibitions-from-top-artists-3737526 |access-date=7 April 2024 |work=[[Yorkshire Post]] |date=20 June 2022 |archive-date=24 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824000141/https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/thirsk-hall-sculpture-park-reopens-with-new-exhibitions-from-top-artists-3737526 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Tout Quarry|Tout Quarry Sculpture Park]], [[Isle of Portland]], [[Dorset]], the first sculpture park in a quarry in the UK. Started in 1983 by the [[Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust]]. Includes the work "Still Falling" by [[Antony Gormley]]. Tout Quarry is an international venue for a yearly programme of [[stone carving]] and sculpture courses that teach skills in [[direct carving]], [[lettercutting]], [[relief carving]] and architectural detail. Tout Quarry is also a creative and educational resource for visitors, schools, colleges and universities who come to learn about stone through the Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust.
*[[Tout Quarry|Tout Quarry Sculpture Park]], [[Isle of Portland]], [[Dorset]], the first sculpture park in a quarry in the UK. Started in 1983 by the [[Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust]]. Includes the work "Still Falling" by [[Antony Gormley]]. Tout Quarry is an international venue for a yearly programme of [[stone carving]] and sculpture courses that teach skills in [[direct carving]], [[lettercutting]], [[relief carving]] and architectural detail. Tout Quarry is also a creative and educational resource for visitors, schools, colleges and universities who come to learn about stone through the Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust.
* Wyndcliffe Court Sculpture Garden, two exhibitions throughout the year, Spring and Summer with an ever-changing exhibit.
* Wyndcliffe Court Sculpture Garden, two exhibitions throughout the year, Spring and Summer with an ever-changing exhibit.

*[[Yorkshire Sculpture Park]], [[West Yorkshire]], England
*[[Yorkshire Sculpture Park]], [[West Yorkshire]], England


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===Canada===
===Canada===
*[[Animaland Park]], defunct sculpture garden and amusement park in New Brunswick
*[[Animaland Park]], defunct sculpture garden and amusement park in New Brunswick
*Boreal Sculpture Garden, [[St Johns, Newfoundland]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnut.com/frcanada.html|title=International Directory of Sculpture Parks canada|website=www.artnut.com|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref>
*Boreal Sculpture Garden, [[St. John's, Newfoundland]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnut.com/frcanada.html|title=International Directory of Sculpture Parks canada|website=www.artnut.com|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref>
*[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]], museum and research centre in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]. The architect [[Phyllis Lambert]] is the founder<ref name="architecture">Included because architecture may also be viewed as sculpture in its widest sense</ref>
*[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]], museum and research centre in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]. The architect [[Phyllis Lambert]] is the founder<ref name="architecture">Included because architecture may also be viewed as sculpture in its widest sense</ref>
*[[Dante Garden]], sculpture garden of Dante's [[Divine Comedy]] in [[Toronto|Toronto, Ontario]].
*[[Haliburton Sculpture Forest]], [[Dysart et al, Ontario]]
*[[Haliburton Sculpture Forest]], [[Dysart et al, Ontario]]
*[[Humanics Sanctuary and Sculpture Park]], outdoor sculpture park and walking trail in [[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]].
*[[Humanics Sanctuary and Sculpture Park]], outdoor sculpture park and walking trail in [[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]].
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*Sculpture Trails Outdoor Museum, [[Solsberry]]
*Sculpture Trails Outdoor Museum, [[Solsberry]]
*[[Virginia B. Fairbanks Art & Nature Park: 100 Acres]], [[Indianapolis Museum of Art|Newfields]], Indianapolis<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Newfields |encyclopedia=Digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis |orig-date=1994 |year=2021 |last1=Warkel |first1=Harriet G. |last2=Fischer |first2=Jessica Erin |publisher=Indianapolis Public Library |url=https://indyencyclopedia.org/newfields/ |access-date=6 September 2022}}</ref>
*[[Virginia B. Fairbanks Art & Nature Park: 100 Acres]], [[Indianapolis Museum of Art|Newfields]], Indianapolis<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Newfields |encyclopedia=Digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis |orig-date=1994 |year=2021 |last1=Warkel |first1=Harriet G. |last2=Fischer |first2=Jessica Erin |publisher=Indianapolis Public Library |url=https://indyencyclopedia.org/newfields/ |access-date=6 September 2022}}</ref>
*Haan Museum Sculpture Garden, [[Haan Mansion Museum of Indiana Art]], [[Lafayette, Indiana|Lafayette]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Haan Sculpture Garden & Grounds |url=https://thehaan.org/sculpture-garden/ |website=The Haan Museum website |access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref>


====Iowa====
====Iowa====
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*[[North High Bridge Park|North High Bridge Sculpture Garden & Park]], [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]]
*[[North High Bridge Park|North High Bridge Sculpture Garden & Park]], [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]]
* Western Sculpture Park, [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]]
* Western Sculpture Park, [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]]
* Weisman Art Museum public art at University of Minnesota Twin Cities
* [[Weisman Art Museum]] public art at University of Minnesota Twin Cities
* Harrison Sculpture Garden at [[Minnesota Landscape Arboretum]]
* Harrison Sculpture Garden at [[Minnesota Landscape Arboretum]]


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====New Jersey====
====New Jersey====
[[File:Grounds for Sculpture Two Figures Talking with real human standing for scale.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Giant figures, [[Grounds for Sculpture]], [[Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey|Hamilton Township]], New Jersey]]
*[[Burlington County College]] Sculpture Park, [[Pemberton, New Jersey|Pemberton]]
*[[Burlington County College]] Sculpture Park, [[Pemberton, New Jersey|Pemberton]]
*Clifton Municipal Sculpture Park, [[Clifton, New Jersey|Clifton]]
*Clifton Municipal Sculpture Park, [[Clifton, New Jersey|Clifton]]
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====Tennessee====
====Tennessee====
* [[File:Anchors - Sculpture Fields at Montague Park, Chattanooga.jpg|Peter Lundberg's "Anchors" is one of 40+ colossal sculptures featured at Sculpture Fields at Montague Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee.|alt=Peter Lundberg's "Anchors" is one of 40+ colossal sculptures featured at Sculpture Fields at Montague Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee.|thumb]]Cheekwood - Carell Sculpture Trail, [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]]
* Cheekwood - Carell Sculpture Trail, [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]]
* Hunter Museum of American Art, Sculpture Garden, [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]]
* Hunter Museum of American Art, Sculpture Garden, [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]]
* (Charles) Krutch Park, [[Knoxville]]
* (Charles) Krutch Park, [[Knoxville]]
* Montague Park, Sculpture Fields [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]]
* Sculpture Fields at Montague Park, [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]]
* River Gallery Sculpture Garden, Chattanooga
* River Gallery Sculpture Garden, Chattanooga


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sculpture Parks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sculpture Parks}}
[[Category:Lists of art museums and galleries]]
[[Category:Lists of art museums and galleries]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks|Parks]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks by country|*]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks by country|*]]
[[Category:Lists by country]]
[[Category:Lists of parks by country| Sculpture parks]]
[[Category:Lists of parks]]
[[Category:Lists of public art]]
[[Category:Lists of public art]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in the United States| ]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in the United States| ]]

Latest revision as of 21:29, 14 November 2024

This is a list of sculpture parks by country.

Africa

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Morocco

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  • Anima Garden, 27 km (17 mi) from Marrakech just off the Ourika road

South Africa

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Zimbabwe

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Asia

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China

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  • Changchun World Sculpture Park, Changchun City, Jilin Province[2][3][4]
  • Guangzhou Sculpture Park, Guangzhou, "China's largest thematic sculpture park"[5]
  • Guilin Yuzi Paradise (愚自乐园). "This large scale park hosts land art and contemporary sculpture featuring over 200 works by 140 artists from 47 different nations. On the grounds of Yuzi Paradise (or 'Fool's Paradise') is also the Hotel of Modern Art."[5]
  • Wuhu Sculpture Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
  • Zobon City Sculpture Garden, Shanghai[6]
More sculpture parks in China—listed on Birkbeck, University of London page[7] You can add them in this section.

India

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Nek Chand's Rock Garden, Chandigarh, India

Japan

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Laos

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Philippines

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Singapore

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"Waves", Sengkang Sculpture Park, Singapore

South Korea

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Taiwan

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Thailand

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Bunleua Sulilat's Sala Keoku, Nong Khai, Thailand

Vietnam

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  • Artika Sculpture Park
  • Ta Phin, Sa Pa, Lao Cai, Viet Nam

Europe

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Austria

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The urban Sculpture garden Artpark in Linz, Austria, 2008

Belgium

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Cyprus

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  • Museum of Underwater Sculpture - at Ayia Napa - underwater museum off the coast of Cypress

Denmark

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  • Copenhagen Naturlagepladsen Himmelhoj

France

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Storming of the Bastille, by Jean Boucher in Cesson-Sévigné

Germany

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Klaus Müller-Klug, Quader mit Lichthof Granit, 2,50 m, Skulpturengarten Damnatz
Das Paar, at the Skulpturengarten Damnatz
Tony Cragg: Dancing Column in Skulpturenpark Waldfrieden

Hungary

[edit]
Statue of Marx and Engels from the Szoborpark, a themed sculpture park
  • Memento Park (Szoborpark), statue park in the outskirts of Budapest, which houses the statues from Communist times which are "no longer required"

Ireland

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Statue of Ganesha at Victoria's Way

Italy

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  • Parco della scultura di Castelbuono di Bevagna[15]
  • Parco Scultura La Palomba, Matera[16]

Lithuania

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Netherlands

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Entrance to the Kröller-Müller Museum

Norway

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The monolith, sculptures by Gustav Vigeland (part of Vigeland installation in Frogner Park)

Russia

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The Summer Garden in St. Petersburg (1716–25) was one of the earliest sculpture parks.

Slovenia

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  • Forma Viva Sculpture Park, Božidar Jakac Art Museum, Kostanjevica na Krki
  • Forma viva Sculpture Park, Seča pri Portorožu

Spain

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La Arboleda, Zona Minera. Bizkaia - Basque Country
  • Meatzalde Goikoa Parke, La Arboleda, Bizkaia. The first exhibition open space dedicated to the sculpture in the Basque Country. Near the Guggenheim Museum of Bilbao.
  • Parcart, 17244 Cassà de la Selva, Province of Girona. This sculpture park was founded by Jaume Roser in 2003. It has more than 300 sculptures by different artists.

Sweden

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Switzerland

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United Kingdom

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Sphere with Inner Form at the Barbara Hepworth Museum in Trewyn Garden, St Ives, Cornwall, with Two Forms (Divided Circle) behind

North America

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Canada

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Mexico

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United States

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Alabama

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Arizona

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  • (Jack) Jamesen Memorial Sculpture Park, Sedona, Arizona[27]
  • Sedona Arts Center Sculpture Garden, Sedona
  • (Alene Dunlop) Smith Garden, Tucson
  • Tempe Arts Center and Sculpture Park, Tempe

Arkansas

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California

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Colorado

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  • Benson Sculpture Garden /Benson Park Sculpture Garden, Loveland
  • Colorado Springs Fine Art Center Sculpture Courtyard and Sculpture Garden, Colorado Springs
  • Leaning Tree Museum and Sculpture Garden, Boulder
  • Museum of Outdoor Arts, Englewood

Connecticut

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Delaware

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District of Columbia

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Florida

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Georgia

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Hawaii

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Illinois

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Indiana

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Iowa

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Kansas

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  • (Martin H.) Bush Outdoor Sculpture Collection, Wichita
  • Johnson Community College Sculpture Collection, Overland Park

Kentucky

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Louisiana

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  • (Sydney & Walda) Besthoff Sculpture Garden, New Orleans
  • Chauvin Sculpture Garden, Chauvin
  • Neill Corporation Sculpture Gardens, Hammond

Maryland

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  • Annmarie Garden, Dowell
  • Baltimore Museum of Art Sculpture Garden, Baltimore
  • Bufano Sculpture Garden, Baltimore
  • Glenstone, Potomac
  • Quiet Waters Park, Outdoor Sculptures, Annapolis
  • Strathmore Sculpture Garden, North Bethesda
  • (Janet and Allen) Wurtzburger and Ryda and Robert H. Levi Sculpture Gardens, Baltimore

Massachusetts

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Trojan Piggybank by Aristotle Georgiades and Gail Simpson, 2004, DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, Lincoln, Massachusetts

Michigan

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Minnesota

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Mississippi

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Missouri

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Montana

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Nebraska

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  • Carhenge near Alliance
  • Prairie Peace Park, Lincoln
  • Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery and Sculpture Garden at UNL, Lincoln

Nevada

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New Hampshire

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New Jersey

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New Mexico

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New York

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North Carolina

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Ohio

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Oklahoma

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Oregon

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  • Evan H. Roberts Sculpture Mall, Portland

Pennsylvania

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Puerto Rico

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  • Sculpture Garden of the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico, San Juan

South Carolina

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South Dakota

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Egyptian Bull's Head, Porter Sculpture Park, Montrose, South Dakota

Tennessee

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  • Peter Lundberg's "Anchors" is one of 40+ colossal sculptures featured at Sculpture Fields at Montague Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
    Peter Lundberg's "Anchors" is one of 40+ colossal sculptures featured at Sculpture Fields at Montague Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
    Cheekwood - Carell Sculpture Trail, Nashville
  • Hunter Museum of American Art, Sculpture Garden, Chattanooga
  • (Charles) Krutch Park, Knoxville
  • Sculpture Fields at Montague Park, Chattanooga
  • River Gallery Sculpture Garden, Chattanooga

Texas

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Cadillac Ranch, Amarillo, Texas
The Lillie and Hugh Roy Cullen Sculpture Garden in Houston, TX

Utah

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Spiral Jetty, Robert Smithson, 1970, near Brigham City, Utah

Vermont

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Virginia

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Washington

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Eagle, by Alexander Calder, 1971, Olympic Sculpture Park, Seattle

Wisconsin

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Oceania

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Australia

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Torus - Hidden and revealed, Adrian Page, 2003, McClelland Gallery and Sculpture Park, Langwarrin, Victoria
  • Lyons Sculpture Park,[35] 15-acre (61,000 m2) sculpture park in Lyons, western Victoria

New Zealand

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South America

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Brazil

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Sculpture by Yayoi Kusama, Inhotim, Brumadinho, Brazil

Colombia

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Head, Botero Plaza, Medellín, Colombia

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Kirstenbosch NBG: Sculpture Garden". sanbi.org. 28 May 2013. Archived from the original on 15 April 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
  2. ^ CC.jl.gov.cn (in Chinese)
  3. ^ "En.changchun.gov.cn".
  4. ^ "En.changchun.gov.cn".
  5. ^ a b "China — International Directory of Sculpture Parks & Gardens. Birkbeck, University of London". bbk.ac.uk. 1 February 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
  6. ^ "Zobon City Sculpture Garden, Pudong Shanghai, China - Archiplanet". www.archiplanet.org. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Birckbeck". Bbk.ac.uk. 1 February 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  8. ^ Williams, Ingrid K. (26 August 2011). "Japanese Island as Unlikely Arts Installation". The New York Times.
  9. ^ "Museum-joanneum.at". Museum-joanneum.at. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  10. ^ "Skulpturengartendamnatz.de". Skulpturengartendamnatz.de. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  11. ^ "Victoriasway.eu". Victoriasway.eu. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  12. ^ "chiantisculpturepark.it". chiantisculpturepark.it. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  13. ^ "Parco sculture del Chianti", Wikipedia (in Italian), 7 April 2022, retrieved 17 June 2022
  14. ^ "Fattoria di Celle - Collezione Gori". www.goricoll.it. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  15. ^ "Parco della Scultura di Castelbuono di Bevagna, un museo a cielo aperto - Pro Loco Cantalupo Castelbuono Bevagna / Perugia / Umbria". www.prolococantalupocastelbuono.com.
  16. ^ "Il Parco Scultura la Palomba".
  17. ^ "Barbara Hepworth Drawings Displayed in Major Wakefield Exhibition - ArtLyst". Artlyst. Retrieved 30 October 2012. The studio was designated the Barbara Hepworth Museum in the following year and, on coming under the Tate's aegis in 1980, secured an unrivalled collection of her work for the Gallery.
  18. ^ "The Cass Sculpture Foundation". Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2012. Since 1992, the Cass Sculpture Foundation has commissioned over 400 new monumental sculptures from emerging and established British sculptors. There are currently over 80 works on display in the 26-acre grounds of the charity at Goodwood, West Sussex.
  19. ^ "Home | The Sculpture Park | All Year Exhibition". Default Store View. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  20. ^ The Irwell Sculpture Trail is not strictly a park, since it is defined by a trail.
  21. ^ Scott, Catherine (20 June 2022). "Thirsk Hall Sculpture Park reopens with new exhibitions from top artists". Yorkshire Post. Archived from the original on 24 August 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  22. ^ "International Directory of Sculpture Parks canada". www.artnut.com. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  23. ^ Included because architecture may also be viewed as sculpture in its widest sense
  24. ^ "Jockhildebrand.com". Jockhildebrand.com. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
  25. ^ "Mexico — International Directory of Sculpture Parks & Gardens. Birkbeck, University of London". www.bbk.ac.uk. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  26. ^ "Woods Quad Sculpture Garden dedicated". Un9versity of Alabama - Department of Art & Art History - College of Arts and Sciences. 12 August 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  27. ^ "About Us: What is the Jack Jamesen Memorial Park?". Friends of Jack Jameson Memorial Sculpture Park. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  28. ^ "Murphy Sculpture Garden - Collections - Hammer Museum". Hammer.ucla.edu. Archived from the original on 20 July 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
  29. ^ Sommers, Joyce A.; Fischer, Jessica Erin (2021) [1994]. "Indianapolis Art Center". Digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis. Indianapolis Public Library. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  30. ^ Warkel, Harriet G.; Fischer, Jessica Erin (2021) [1994]. "Newfields". Digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis. Indianapolis Public Library. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  31. ^ "The Haan Sculpture Garden & Grounds". The Haan Museum website. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  32. ^ "Yokna Sculpture Trail". Yoknapatawpha Arts Counci. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  33. ^ "Albuquerque Museum Sculpture Garden". cabq.gov.
  34. ^ "A Native Garden and Sculpture Park". The Garden Bower. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  35. ^ "Lyonssculpturepark.com.au". Lyonssculpturepark.com.au. 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  36. ^ "Art in Landscape, by Harijs Piekains". National Gallery of Australia. Retrieved 29 July 2007.
  37. ^ "Fiona Hall's fern garden, by Harijs Piekains". National Gallery of Australia. Archived from the original on 7 July 2007. Retrieved 29 July 2007.
  38. ^ a b c Arbuckle, Alex Q. (29 August 1989). "Hacienda Nápoles: What do you buy the drug lord who has everything? A zoo". Mashable.

Further reading

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  • Blázquez Abascal, Jimena; Valeria Varas; and Raúl Rispa. (2006). Sculpture Parks in Europe: A Guide to Art and Nature. Basel; Boston: Birkhäuser Architecture. ISBN 978-3764376253.
  • Cigola, Francesca. (2013). Art Parks: A Tour of America's Sculpture Parks and Gardens. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 978-1616891299.
  • Harper, Glenn; and Twylene Moyer, eds. (2008). Landscapes for Art: Contemporary Sculpture Parks. Hamilton, NJ: ISC Press; and Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0295988610.
  • McCarthy, Jane; and Laurily Keir Epstein. (1996). A Guide to the Sculpture Parks and Gardens of America. New York: Michael Kesend. ISBN 978-0935576511.
  • Stępnik, Małgorzata; "Modernist sculpture parks and their ideological contexts – on the basis of the oeuvres by Gustav Vigeland, Bernhard Hoetger and Einar Jónsson," The Polish Journal of Aesthetics, No 47 (4/2017), pp. 143–169. e-ISSN 2353-723X / p-ISSN 1643-1243