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{{Infobox aircraft
__NOTOC__
⚫
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name = FU
|name = FU
|image = File:Vought FU-1 of VF-2.jpg
|image = File:Vought FU-1 of VF-2.jpg
|caption = FU-1 of VF-2 in 1928
|caption = FU-1 of VF-2 in 1928
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
|type = Fighter aircraft
|type = Fighter aircraft
|national origin = [[United States of America]]
|national_origin = [[United States of America]]
|manufacturer = Vought
|manufacturer = Vought
|designer =
|designer =
|first flight =
|first_flight =
|introduction = 1927
|introduction = 1927
|retired = 1929
|retired = 1929
|status =
|status = Retired from Military service
|primary user = [[United States Navy]]
|primary_user = [[United States Navy]]
|more users =
|more_users =
|produced =
|produced =
|number built = 20
|number_built = 20
|program cost =
|program cost =
|unit cost =
|unit cost =
|developed from =
|developed_from =
|variants with their own articles =
|variants =
}}
}}
|}


The '''Vought FU''' was a [[biplane]] [[fighter aircraft]] of the [[United States Navy]] in service during the late 1920s.
The '''Vought FU''' was a [[biplane]] [[fighter aircraft]] of the [[United States Navy]] in service during the late 1920s.


==Design and development==
==Design and development==
[[File:Vought_UO-1_Aero_Digest_June_1926.jpg|thumb|Vought UO-1 photo from Aero Digest June 1926]]
Pleased with the company's [[Vought VE-7|VE-7]], in 1926 the Navy gave [[Vought]] a $459,709 contract for 20 convertible land/sea fighters. Vought already had a two-seat observation plane, the '''UO-1''', basically a VE with additional fuselage streamlining and a [[Wright J-3]] radial engine. This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane, mounting machine guns in that area, and upgrading to a 220 hp [[Wright R-790 Whirlwind]] with a [[supercharger]]. With the help of the supercharger, the newly designated '''FU-1''' was able to reach a speed of 147 mph at 13,000 ft.
Pleased with the company's [[Vought VE-7|VE-7]], in 1926 the Navy gave [[Vought]] a $459,709 contract for 20 convertible land/sea fighters. Vought already had a two-seat observation plane, the '''UO-1''', basically a VE-7 with additional fuselage streamlining and a [[Wright J-3]] radial engine. This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane, mounting machine guns in that area, and upgrading to a {{cvt|220|hp|kW}} [[Wright R-790 Whirlwind]] with a [[supercharger]]. With the help of the supercharger, the newly designated '''FU-1''' was able to reach a speed of {{cvt|147|mph|km/h}} at {{cvt|13,000|ft|m}}.


The FU-1s were delivered to [[VF-2B]] based in [[San Diego, California]]. With their float gear mounted, one was assigned to each of the [[battleship]]s of the [[United States Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]], where they were launched from [[catapult]]s. They spent eight months in this role, but as the squadron went to [[aircraft carrier]] operations, the further-aft cockpit proved to have a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck. In response, the forward cockpit was re-opened, the resulting aircraft being designated '''FU-2'''.
The FU-1s were delivered to [[VF-2B]] based in [[San Diego, California]]. With their float gear mounted, one was assigned to each of the [[battleship]]s of the [[United States Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]], where these [[observation seaplane]]s were launched from [[aircraft catapult|catapult]]s. They spent eight months in this role, but as the squadron went to [[aircraft carrier]] operations, the further-aft cockpit proved to have a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck. In response, the forward cockpit was re-opened, the resulting aircraft being designated '''FU-2'''.


By this time they were obsolescent, and the two-seaters served primarily as trainers and utility aircraft.
By this time they were obsolescent, and the two-seaters served primarily as trainers and utility aircraft.
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==Specifications (FU-1)==
==Specifications (FU-1)==
[[File:Vought_UO-1_3-view_Aero_Digest_July_1926.jpg|thumb|Vought UO-1 3-view drawing from Aero Digest July 1926]]
{{aircraft specifications
⚫
{{Aircraft specs
<!-- if you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
|prime units?=kts
<!-- please answer the following questions -->
|plane or copter?=<!-- options: plane/copter -->
|jet or prop?=<!-- options: jet/prop/both/neither -->

|ref=''United States Navy Aircraft since 1911'' <ref name="Swan Navy p389">Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.389.</ref>
|ref=''United States Navy Aircraft since 1911'' <ref name="Swan Navy p389">Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.389.</ref>


|crew=one
|crew=one
⚫
|length ft= 28
|capacity=
|length in= 4.5
|payload main=
|length m= 8.65
|payload alt=
⚫
|span ft= 34
|payload more=
|span in= 4

|span m= 10.47
⚫
|length main= 28 ft 4½ in
|length alt= 8.65 m
|height ft= 10
⚫
|height in= 2
⚫
|span main= 34 ft 4 in
|span alt= 10.47 m
|height m= 3.10
⚫
|wing area sqft= 270
⚫
|height main= 10 ft 2 in
|height alt= 3.10 m
|wing area sqm= 25.1
⚫
|area main= 270 ft²
|area alt= 25.1 m²
|airfoil=Navy N-9
|airfoil=Navy N-9
|empty weight main= 2,074 lb
|empty weight lb= 2,074
|empty weight alt= 943 kg
|empty weight kg= 943
|loaded weight main= 2,774 lb
|gross weight lb= 2,774
|loaded weight alt= 1,260 kg
|gross weight kg= 1,260
⚫
|eng1 name=[[Wright J-5 Whirlwind]]
|useful load main=
⚫
|eng1 type=9 cylinder air cooled [[radial engine]]
|useful load alt=
⚫
|eng1 hp= 220
|max takeoff weight main=
|eng1 kw= 164
|max takeoff weight alt=
⚫
|max speed kts= 106
|more general=
⚫
|max speed mph= 122

⚫
|max speed kmh= 196
⚫
|engine (prop)=[[Wright J-5 Whirlwind]]
⚫
|max speed note= at sea level
⚫
|type of prop=9 cylinder air cooled [[radial engine]]
⚫
|range nmi= 357
|number of props=
⚫
|range miles= 410
⚫
|power main= 220 hp
|power alt= 164 kW
|range km= 660
⚫
|ceiling ft= 26,500
|power original=
⚫
|ceiling m= 8,080

⚫
|wing loading lb/sqft= 10.3
⚫
|max speed main= 106 knots
⚫
|wing loading kg/m2= 50.2
⚫
|max speed alt= 122 mph, 196 km/h
⚫
|power/mass=0.079 hp/lb (0.13 kW/kg)
⚫
|max speed more= at sea level
|cruise speed main=
|cruise speed alt=
|cruise speed more=
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|stall speed main=
⚫
|stall speed alt=
⚫
|range main= 357 NM
|range alt= 410 mi, 660 km
⚫
|range more=
⚫
|ceiling main= 26,500 ft
⚫
|ceiling alt= 8,080 m
|ceiling more=
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|climb rate more=
⚫
|loading main= 10.3 lb/ft²
⚫
|loading alt= 50.2 kg/m²
|thrust/weight=<!-- a unitless ratio -->
|power/mass main= 0.079 hp/lb
⚫
|power/mass alt= 0.13 kW/kg
|more performance=*'''Climb to 5,000 ft (1,520 m):''' 5 minutes
|more performance=*'''Climb to 5,000 ft (1,520 m):''' 5 minutes
⚫
|guns= 2 x .30 in (7.62 mm) [[machine gun]]s

⚫
|guns= 2 x .30 in [[machine gun]]s
|avionics=
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
⚫
{{Commons category|Vought FU}}
===Notes===
===Notes===
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
* Jones, Lloyd S. ''U.S. Naval Fighters''. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers, 1977, {{ISBN|0-8168-9254-7}}), pp.&nbsp;53–54.
* Jones, Lloyd S. ''U.S. Naval Fighters''. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers, 1977, {{ISBN|0-8168-9254-7}}, pp.&nbsp;53–54.
* Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter. ''United States Navy Aircraft since 1911''. London:Putnam, Second edition, 1976. {{ISBN|0-370-10054-9}}.
* Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter. ''United States Navy Aircraft since 1911''. London:Putnam, Second edition, 1976. {{ISBN|0-370-10054-9}}.

==External links==
⚫
{{commons category-inline|Vought FU}}


{{Vought aircraft}}
{{Vought aircraft}}
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[[Category:Vought aircraft|F01U]]
[[Category:Vought aircraft|F01U]]
[[Category:United States fighter aircraft 1920–1929|Vought F01U]]
[[Category:1920s United States fighter aircraft|Vought F01U]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Floatplanes]]
[[Category:Floatplanes]]
[[Category:Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear]]

Latest revision as of 00:34, 15 November 2024

FU
FU-1 of VF-2 in 1928
General information
TypeFighter aircraft
National originUnited States of America
ManufacturerVought
StatusRetired from Military service
Primary userUnited States Navy
Number built20
History
Introduction date1927
Retired1929

The Vought FU was a biplane fighter aircraft of the United States Navy in service during the late 1920s.

Design and development

[edit]
Vought UO-1 photo from Aero Digest June 1926

Pleased with the company's VE-7, in 1926 the Navy gave Vought a $459,709 contract for 20 convertible land/sea fighters. Vought already had a two-seat observation plane, the UO-1, basically a VE-7 with additional fuselage streamlining and a Wright J-3 radial engine. This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane, mounting machine guns in that area, and upgrading to a 220 hp (160 kW) Wright R-790 Whirlwind with a supercharger. With the help of the supercharger, the newly designated FU-1 was able to reach a speed of 147 mph (237 km/h) at 13,000 ft (4,000 m).

The FU-1s were delivered to VF-2B based in San Diego, California. With their float gear mounted, one was assigned to each of the battleships of the Pacific Fleet, where these observation seaplanes were launched from catapults. They spent eight months in this role, but as the squadron went to aircraft carrier operations, the further-aft cockpit proved to have a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck. In response, the forward cockpit was re-opened, the resulting aircraft being designated FU-2.

By this time they were obsolescent, and the two-seaters served primarily as trainers and utility aircraft.

Operators

[edit]
 Peru
 United States

Specifications (FU-1)

[edit]
Vought UO-1 3-view drawing from Aero Digest July 1926

Data from United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 [1]

General characteristics

  • Crew: one
  • Length: 28 ft 4.5 in (8.65 m)
  • Wingspan: 34 ft 4 in (10.47 m)
  • Height: 10 ft 2 in (3.10 m)
  • Wing area: 270 sq ft (25.1 m2)
  • Airfoil: Navy N-9
  • Empty weight: 2,074 lb (943 kg)
  • Gross weight: 2,774 lb (1,260 kg)
  • Powerplant: × Wright J-5 Whirlwind 9 cylinder air cooled radial engine, 220 hp (164 kW)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 106 kn (122 mph, 196 km/h) at sea level
  • Range: 357 nmi (410 mi, 660 km)
  • Service ceiling: 26,500 ft (8,080 m)
  • Wing loading: 10.3 lb/sq ft (50.2 kg/m2)
  • Power/mass: 0.079 hp/lb (0.13 kW/kg)
  • Climb to 5,000 ft (1,520 m): 5 minutes

Armament

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vought FU.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.389.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Jones, Lloyd S. U.S. Naval Fighters. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers, 1977, ISBN 0-8168-9254-7, pp. 53–54.
  • Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter. United States Navy Aircraft since 1911. London:Putnam, Second edition, 1976. ISBN 0-370-10054-9.
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