Adamjee Haji Dawood: Difference between revisions

Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood
Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood
Born	30 June 1880; Jetpur, Kathiawar, Gujarat, British India
Died	27 January 1948 (aged 67); Karachi, Dominion of Pakistan
Occupation	Businessman
Spouse	Maryam Bai (m. 1898)
Children	Abdul Wahid Adamjee (son); Zakaria Adamjee (son) ; Gul Muhammad Adamjee (son)

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Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood Bawany (30 June 1880 – 27 January 1948)^[4] was a Pakistani businessman and philanthropist who founded Adamjee Group. He was also an activist in the Pakistan Movement.^[5]

Early life

Adamjee Haji Dawood was born in 1880 in Jetpur, Kathiawar, Gujarat in British India in a Memon family.^[1] While still in his teens, he ventured out to Burma and started operating as an independent businessman. The first few years of his career were spent in the rice, match-book-making for lighting home stoves and jute trade.

By 1922, he had accumulated sufficient resources and a strong presence in the commodities markets, enabling him to set up his first industrial venture – a match factory in Rangoon. In 1927, he returned to India to establish a jute mill in Calcutta. The Adamjee Jute Mills Limited was the third jute mill to be set up by an Indian and the first Muslim-owned public company in British India. To capture this emerging niche, Adamjee along with Mr. G. D. Birla of Birla Jute, broke into this monopolistic trade controlled by the East India Company until that time.

He was also an avid educationist and philanthropist. He was responsible for financing and helping a number of educational institutions in India and Pakistan.

Awards and recognition

In recognition for his services to his countrymen, the British government knighted him in June 1938.^[6]
The Government of Pakistan honoured Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood by minting a postage stamp titled 'Pioneers of Freedom' on 14 August 1999.^[5]
Adamjee Government Science College is named after his family.

Career

By the 1940s, Dawood had become a prominent figure in the business circles of India and Burma. His recognition was acknowledged by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who became a good friend and appointed him advisor to the freedom movement of the Muslims, which eventually led to the creation of Pakistan. Dawood convinced the entire Memon and many from other Gujarati Muslim communities to migrate to Pakistan. With this vision in mind again at the request of Jinnah, he also established two major institutions along with Mirza Ahmad Ispahani i.e. The Muslim Commercial Bank Limited and the Orient Airways Limited, forerunner of Pakistan International Airlines.^[5] The purpose of this was to assist the migration process by providing transport of Muslims to Pakistan and to create banking facilities in the new country, Pakistan.^[7]

Death and legacy

Once Pakistan was created, Dawood and his sons established businesses in both East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan. Following financial difficulties in Pakistan in January 1948, Jinnah invited him to participate in the establishment of the State Bank of Pakistan, it was during this meeting that he suffered a heart attack and later died on the night of 27 January 1948. The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah stated on his death that his death would leave a vacuum in Muslim business community which would be hard to fill. Jinnah called it a "National Loss" to Pakistan and said that Adamjee Haji Dawood was a loyal Muslim and had rendered great service in our struggle for Pakistan.^[8]

On 27 August 1947, Mohammad Ali Jinnah's finance team approached Adamjee Dawood for help because India had not released the share of funds due to Pakistan. So the newly created country Pakistan was in financial trouble. Adamjee Haji Dawood wrote a 'blank cheque' secured against all his industrial assets and personal wealth which enabled the country to handle its financial crisis successfully.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b Gayer, Laurent (2012). Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation. Hurst. ISBN 9781849041768.
^ "Adamjee Group of Companies". adamjees.com. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
^ "Adamjee Group of Companies". adamjees.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
^ Chronology of Life Achievements of Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood in Souvenir: Launching Ceremony of A Biography of the Merchant Knight Adamjee Haji Dawood, Karachi 2005 pg 35, 36
^ ^a ^b ^c Profile of Adamjee Haji Dawood on Dawn (newspaper), Published 10 October 1999. Retrieved 17 October 2017
^ "No. 34518". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 June 1938. p. 3687.
^ Caprio, G.; Fiechter, J.L.; Litan, R.E. (2010). The Future of State-Owned Financial Institutions. Emerging markets series. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-8157-1706-5. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
^ ^a ^b http://www.amazingpakistanis.com/sir-adamjee-haji-dawood.html, A tribute to Adamjee Haji Dawood on amazingpakistanis.com website. Retrieved 17 October 2017

External links

[gayer-1] Gayer, Laurent (2012). Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation. Hurst. ISBN 9781849041768.

[2] "Adamjee Group of Companies". adamjees.com. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2017.

[3] "Adamjee Group of Companies". adamjees.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2017.

[4] Chronology of Life Achievements of Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood in Souvenir: Launching Ceremony of A Biography of the Merchant Knight Adamjee Haji Dawood, Karachi 2005 pg 35, 36

[Dawn-5] Profile of Adamjee Haji Dawood on Dawn (newspaper), Published 10 October 1999. Retrieved 17 October 2017

[6] "No. 34518". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 June 1938. p. 3687.

[z531-7] Caprio, G.; Fiechter, J.L.; Litan, R.E. (2010). The Future of State-Owned Financial Institutions. Emerging markets series. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-8157-1706-5. Retrieved 11 August 2024.

[amazingpakistanis-8] ttp://www.amazingpakistanis.com/sir-adamjee-haji-dawood.html, A tribute to Adamjee Haji Dawood on amazingpakistanis.com website. Retrieved 17 October 2017

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+{{Short description|Renowned businessman and philanthropist of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
 {{Infobox person
+| honorific-prefix  =
-| name = Adamjee Haji Dawood
+| name = Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood
-| image =
+| image = Adamjee Haji Dawood.jpg
-| imagesize =
-| birth_date = 30 June 1880
+| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1880|6|30}}
+| birth_place = [[Jetpur, Navagadh|Jetpur]], [[Kathiawar]], Gujarat, [[British India]]<ref name=gayer>{{cite book|last1=Gayer|first1=Laurent|title=Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation|year=2012|publisher=Hurst|isbn=9781849041768|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qSnmSjPO6JsC&pg=PA378|language=en}}</ref>
-| death_date = 27 January 1948
-| death_place = [[Karachi]], [[Pakistan]]
+| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1948|1|27|1880|6|30}}
-| birth_name=
+| death_place = [[Karachi]], [[Dominion of Pakistan]]
-| successor      =
+| spouse = {{marriage|Maryam Bai|1898}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adamjees.com/AdamjeeJinnah.html|title=Adamjee Group of Companies|website=adamjees.com|access-date=29 December 2017|archive-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112142908/http://adamjees.com/AdamjeeJinnah.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-| deputy =
+| children = [[Abdul Wahid Adamjee]] (son)<br/>Zakaria Adamjee (son) <br/>Gul Muhammad Adamjee (son)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adamjees.com/family-tree.html|title=Adamjee Group of Companies|website=adamjees.com|access-date=29 December 2017|archive-date=27 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227082421/http://www.adamjees.com/family-tree.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-| president =
+| occupation = Businessman
-| vicepresident =
-| office2        =
-| successor2     =
-| term_start2    =
-| term_end2      =
-| caption =
-| birth_place = [[Kathiawar]], [[Gujarat]], [[British India]]
-| party =
-| spouse = Maryam Bai (m. 1898) <ref>http://www.adamjees.com/AdamjeeJinnah.html</ref>
-| children =
-| relations =
-| occupation = Businessman
-| website =
 }}
-'''Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood Bawany''' (30 June 1880 – 27 January 1948)<ref>''Chronology of Life Achievements of Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood'' in Souvenir: Launching Ceremony of A Biography of the Merchant Knight Adamjee Haji Dawood, Karachi 2005 pg 35, 36</ref> was a renowned [[businessman]] and [[philanthropist]] in [[British India]] and later in [[Pakistan]].
+'''Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood Bawany''' (30 June 1880 – 27 January 1948)<ref>''Chronology of Life Achievements of Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood'' in Souvenir: Launching Ceremony of A Biography of the Merchant Knight Adamjee Haji Dawood, Karachi 2005 pg 35, 36</ref> was a Pakistani businessman and philanthropist who founded [[Adamjee Group]]. He was also an activist in the [[Pakistan Movement]].<ref name=Dawn/>
-He was also an activist in the [[Pakistan Movement]].<ref name=Dawn/>
 ==Early life==
-Adamjee Haji Dawood was born in 1880 in [[Jetpur, Navagadh|Jetpur]], [[Kathiawar]], [[Gujarat]] in [[British India]] in a [[Memon people|Memon]] family.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gayer|first1=Laurent|title=Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation|publisher=Hurst|isbn=9781849041768|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qSnmSjPO6JsC&pg=PA378&dq=adamjee+haji+dawood,+memon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR5J7fuvvPAhVbOMAKHXxpAawQ6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=adamjee%20haji%20dawood%2C%20memon&f=false|language=en}}</ref> While still in his teens, he ventured out to [[Burma]] and started operating as an independent businessman. The first few years of his career were spent in the rice, match-book-making for lighting home stoves and jute trade.
+Adamjee Haji Dawood was born in 1880 in [[Jetpur, Navagadh|Jetpur]], Kathiawar, Gujarat in [[British India]] in a [[Memon people|Memon]] family.<ref name=gayer /> While still in his teens, he ventured out to [[Burma]] and started operating as an independent businessman. The first few years of his career were spent in the rice, match-book-making for lighting home stoves and jute trade.
-By 1922, he had accumulated sufficient resources and a strong presence in the commodities markets, enabling him to set up his first industrial venture - a match factory in [[Rangoon]]. In 1927, he returned to [[India]] to establish a jute mill in [[Calcutta]]. The [[Adamjee Jute Mills]] Limited was the third jute mill to be set up by an Indian and the first Muslim-owned public company in [[British India]]. To capture this emerging niche, Adamjee along with Mr. [[G. D. Birla]] of Birla Jute, broke into this monopolistic trade controlled by the [[East India Company]] until that time.
+By 1922, he had accumulated sufficient resources and a strong presence in the commodities markets, enabling him to set up his first industrial venture – a match factory in [[Rangoon]]. In 1927, he returned to [[India]] to establish a jute mill in [[Calcutta]]. The [[Adamjee Jute Mills]] Limited was the third jute mill to be set up by an Indian and the first Muslim-owned public company in [[British India]]. To capture this emerging niche, Adamjee along with Mr. [[G. D. Birla]] of Birla Jute, broke into this monopolistic trade controlled by the [[East India Company]] until that time.
-He was also an avid educationist and philanthropist. He was responsible for financing and helping a number of educational institutions in [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] including the [[Dawood College of Engineering and Technology]] in [[Karachi]] which was established by the [[Dawood Group]] in 1962.<ref>[http://www.dawn.com/news/781556/newspaper/column, Adamjee Haji Dawood's contributions as an educationist on Dawn (newspaper)], Published 27 Jan 2013, Retrieved 17 October 2017</ref>
+He was also an avid educationist and philanthropist. He was responsible for financing and helping a number of educational institutions in [[India]] and [[Pakistan]].
 ==Awards and recognition==
 * In recognition for his services to his countrymen, the British government knighted him in June 1938.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34518 |supp=y|page=3687|date=7 June 1938}}</ref>
 * The [[Government of Pakistan]] honoured Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood by minting a postage stamp titled 'Pioneers of Freedom' on 14 August 1999.<ref name=Dawn/>
+* [[Adamjee Government Science College]] is named after his family.
 ==Career==
-By the 1940s, Dawood had become a prominent figure in the business circles of India and Burma. His recognition was acknowledged by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], who became a good friend and appointed him advisor to the freedom movement of the Muslims, which eventually led to the creation of Pakistan. Dawood convinced the entire [[Memon people|Memon]] and many from other [[Gujarati Muslim]] communities to migrate to [[Pakistan]]. With this vision in mind again at the request of Jinnah, he also established two major institutions along with [[Abul Hassan Isphani]] i.e. The [[Muslim Commercial Bank Limited]] and the Orient Airways Limited, forerunner of [[Pakistan International Airlines]].<ref name=Dawn>[http://www.dawn.com/news/1074371 Profile of Adamjee Haji Dawood on Dawn (newspaper)], Published 10 Oct 1999, Retrieved 17 October 2017</ref> The purpose of this was to assist the migration process by providing transport of Muslims to Pakistan and to create banking facilities in the new country, Pakistan.
+By the 1940s, Dawood had become a prominent figure in the business circles of India and Burma. His recognition was acknowledged by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], who became a good friend and appointed him advisor to the freedom movement of the Muslims, which eventually led to the creation of Pakistan. Dawood convinced the entire [[Memon people|Memon]] and many from other [[Gujarati Muslim]] communities to migrate to [[Pakistan]]. With this vision in mind again at the request of Jinnah, he also established two major institutions along with [[Mirza Ahmad Ispahani]] i.e. The [[Muslim Commercial Bank Limited]] and the Orient Airways Limited, forerunner of [[Pakistan International Airlines]].<ref name=Dawn>[http://www.dawn.com/news/1074371 Profile of Adamjee Haji Dawood on Dawn (newspaper)], Published 10 October 1999. Retrieved 17 October 2017</ref> The purpose of this was to assist the migration process by providing transport of Muslims to Pakistan and to create banking facilities in the new country, Pakistan.<ref name="z531">{{cite book | last1=Caprio | first1=G. | last2=Fiechter | first2=J.L. | last3=Litan | first3=R.E. | title=The Future of State-Owned Financial Institutions | publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers | series=Emerging markets series | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-8157-1706-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XXPQDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA265 | access-date=2024-08-11 | page=265}}</ref>
 ==Death and legacy==
-Once Pakistan was created, Dawood and his sons established businesses in both East (now Bangladesh) & West Pakistan. Following financial difficulties in Pakistan in January 1948, Jinnah invited him to participate in the establishment of the [[State Bank of Pakistan]], it was during this meeting that he suffered a heart attack and later died on the night of January 27, 1948. The founder of Pakistan,  [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] stated on his death that his death would leave a vacuum in Muslim business community which would be hard to fill. Jinnah called it a 'National Loss' to Pakistan and said that Adamjee Haji Dawood was a loyal Muslim and had rendered great service in our struggle for Pakistan.<ref name=amazingpakistanis/>
+Once Pakistan was created, Dawood and his sons established businesses in both [[East Pakistan]] (now [[Bangladesh]]) and [[West Pakistan]]. Following financial difficulties in Pakistan in January 1948, Jinnah invited him to participate in the establishment of the [[State Bank of Pakistan]], it was during this meeting that he suffered a heart attack and later died on the night of 27 January 1948. The founder of Pakistan, [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] stated on his death that his death would leave a vacuum in Muslim business community which would be hard to fill. Jinnah called it a "National Loss" to Pakistan and said that Adamjee Haji Dawood was a loyal Muslim and had rendered great service in our struggle for Pakistan.<ref name=amazingpakistanis/>
-On 27 August 1947, Mohammad Ali Jinnah's finance team approached Adamjee Dawood for help because India had not released the share of funds due to Pakistan. So the newly created country Pakistan was in financial trouble. Adamjee Haji Dawood wrote a '[[blank cheque]]' secured against all his industrial assets and personal wealth which enabled the country to handle its financial crisis successfully.<ref name=amazingpakistanis>http://www.amazingpakistanis.com/sir-adamjee-haji-dawood.html, A tribute to Adamjee Haji Dawood on amazingpakistanis.com website, Retrieved 17 October 2017</ref>
+On 27 August 1947, Mohammad Ali Jinnah's finance team approached Adamjee Dawood for help because India had not released the share of funds due to Pakistan. So the newly created country Pakistan was in financial trouble. Adamjee Haji Dawood wrote a '[[blank cheque]]' secured against all his industrial assets and personal wealth which enabled the country to handle its financial crisis successfully.<ref name=amazingpakistanis>http://www.amazingpakistanis.com/sir-adamjee-haji-dawood.html, A tribute to Adamjee Haji Dawood on amazingpakistanis.com website. Retrieved 17 October 2017</ref>
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
 ==External links==
@@ Line 55: / Line 51: @@
 [[Category:1880 births]]
 [[Category:1948 deaths]]
-[[Category:Muhajir people]]
+[[Category:Memon businesspeople]]
-[[Category:Pakistani businesspeople]]
+[[Category:Gujarati businesspeople]]
-[[Category:Pakistani philanthropists]]
 [[Category:Pakistan Movement activists]]
 [[Category:Businesspeople from Karachi]]
 [[Category:Pakistani people of Gujarati descent]]
-[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
+[[Category:Businesspeople awarded knighthoods]]
 [[Category:Pakistani industrialists]]
-[[Category:All India Muslim League members]]
+[[Category:Pakistani philanthropists]]
+[[Category:Indian knights]]
+[[Category:Pakistani knights]]
-{{Pakistan-business-bio-stub}}
+[[Category:Indian Knights Bachelor]]
+[[Category:All-India Muslim League politicians]]
+[[Category:20th-century philanthropists]]
+[[Category:People from Rajkot district]]

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Activists	Hamid Nizami Abdullah Haroon Yusuf Haroon Mahmoud Haroon Altaf Husain Adamjee Haji Dawood Muhammad Shafi Deobandi Zafar Ahmad Usmani Ahmed Ali Lahori Malik Barkat Ali Aslam Khattak Yusuf Khattak Mian Iftikharuddin Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot Sikandar Hayat Khan Shaukat Hayat Khan Muhammad Asad Ziauddin Ahmad Abu Bakr Ahmad Haleem Maulana Ghulam Rasool Mehr Hakeem Mohammad Saeed Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan Sardar Ibrahim Khan Fida Mohammad Khan Sheikh Sir Abdul Qadir M. M. Sharif Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Jalaludin Abdur Rahim Z. A. Suleri G. Allana Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi Jalal Baba of NWFP Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari Amin ul-Hasanat (Pir of Manki Sharif) Syed Wajid Ali Hafeez Jalandhari Jahanara Shahnawaz Lady Abdullah Haroon Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh Fatima Begum Naseer Ahmad Malhi Ahmed Saeed Nagi Niaz Ali Khan Amir Habibullah Khan Saadi Habib Rahimtoola Sharif al Mujahid Fatima Sughra Begum Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi Viqar-un-Nisa Noon Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni Sardar Aurang Zeb Khan Abdullah Ropari Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti more
Literature	Idea of Pakistan Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan Pakistan: A Personal History The Myth of Independence Pakistan: A Hard Country Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever? Causes of Indian Mutiny of 1857
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