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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox weapon
{{Infobox weapon
| name = Beretta AR70/90
| name = Beretta AR70/90
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<!-- Service history -->| service = AR70/223: 1972–1990<br />AR70/90: 1990–present
<!-- Service history -->| service = AR70/223: 1972–1990<br />AR70/90: 1990–present
| used_by = See ''[[Beretta AR70/90#Users|Users]]''
| used_by = See ''[[Beretta AR70/90#Users|Users]]''
| wars = [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]]<br />[[Iraq War]]<br />[[Mexican Drug War]]
| wars = [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]]<br />[[Iraq War]]<br />[[Mexican Drug War]]<br />[[Syrian Civil War]]
<!-- Production history -->| designer = [[Beretta]]
<!-- Production history -->| designer = [[Beretta]]
| design_date = AR70/223: 1972<br />AR70/90: 1985
| design_date = AR70/223: 1972<br />AR70/90: 1985
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}}
}}


The '''Beretta AR70/90''' is a gas operated rifle chambered for the [[5.56×45mm NATO]] cartridge, and is the standard issue [[service rifle]] of the [[Italian Armed Forces]]. The weapon is also designed to be fitted with a [[rifle grenade]], and has grenade sights. The AR series comes in many variants such as the AR90, with a wire folding stock, for use by paratroopers.
The '''Beretta AR70/90''' is a gas operated assault rifle chambered for the [[5.56×45&nbsp;mm NATO]] cartridge, and is the standard issue [[service rifle]] of the [[Italian Armed Forces]]. The weapon is also designed to be fitted with a [[rifle grenade]], and has grenade sights. The AR series comes in many variants such as the AR90, with a wire folding stock, for use by paratroopers.


==History==
==History==
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In 1963, [[SIG Sauer|SIG]] and Beretta began a joint development of the [[SIG SG 530]]. In 1968, Beretta decided to cease development with SIG, with the latter developer choosing to continue work on the SG 530. Beretta instead pursued development of its own off-shoot of the SG 530, using the information and experience they had gained from the project. The result was the Beretta AR70, which externally resembled its parent weapon, the SG 530, while differing in the internal firing mechanism/locking system.
In 1963, [[SIG Sauer|SIG]] and Beretta began a joint development of the [[SIG SG 530]]. In 1968, Beretta decided to cease development with SIG, with the latter developer choosing to continue work on the SG 530. Beretta instead pursued development of its own off-shoot of the SG 530, using the information and experience they had gained from the project. The result was the Beretta AR70, which externally resembled its parent weapon, the SG 530, while differing in the internal firing mechanism/locking system.


The AR-70 was introduced in 1972. Following the successful testing of the rifle's capabilities, it was adopted by various outfits of Italian military and police. These include [[COMSUBIN]], the [[1st San Marco Regiment|San Marco Battalion]] of the Italian Navy, the [[Nucleo Operativo Centrale di Sicurezza|NOCS]] of the State Police and was also issued by Italian Airforce to men of VAM (Vigilanza Aeronautica Militare). Exports to foreign armies include Jordan, Malaysia and others.<ref>Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 126-127 {{ISBN|1-85367-563-6}}</ref>
The AR-70 was introduced in 1972. Following the successful testing of the rifle's capabilities, it was adopted by various outfits of Italian military and police. These include [[COMSUBIN]], the [[1st San Marco Regiment|San Marco Battalion]] of the Italian Navy, the [[Nucleo Operativo Centrale di Sicurezza|NOCS]] of the State Police and was also issued by Italian Airforce to men of VAM (Vigilanza Aeronautica Militare). Exports to foreign armies include Jordan, Malaysia and others.<ref>Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 126–127 {{ISBN|1-85367-563-6}}</ref>


The rifle was initially designated '''AR-70''', but was later redesignated as '''AR-70/223''' to distinguish it from the later AR70/90.
The rifle was initially designated '''AR-70''', but was later redesignated as '''AR-70/223''' to distinguish it from the later AR70/90.
AR-70/223 was available in three variants. The AR-70/223 standard assault rifle, SC-70 carbine which was 223 with the same muzzle length but with foldable stock, and a special SCS-70/223 rifle with detachable shortened muzzle and foldable stock). A [[light support weapon]] variant of 70/223 was also developed, with a removable box magazine and a quick-change barrel, but it did not achieve considerable success.
AR-70/223 was available in three variants. The AR-70/223 standard automatic rifle, SC-70 carbine which was 223 with the same muzzle length but with foldable stock, and a special SCS-70/223 rifle with detachable shortened muzzle and foldable stock). A [[light support weapon]] variant of 70/223 was also developed, with a removable box magazine and a quick-change barrel, but it did not achieve considerable success.


===AR70/90 and the adoption of the Italian army===
===AR70/90 and the adoption of the Italian army===


Development of Beretta AR70/90 rifle began when in the 1980s when the Italian Government decided that its military and law enforcement agencies needed a new standard service weapon. It was made to be compatible with other [[NATO]] weapons by the adoption of standard 5.56 mm [[STANAG]] loaders, whereas the AR70/90's predecessor, the [[Beretta BM59|BM59]], derived from the U.S. [[M1 Garand]], was chambered in 7.62 mm (.308), another NATO caliber which today is considered suitable mostly for [[sniper]] or machine gun use.
Development of Beretta AR70/90 rifle began when in the 1980s when the Italian Government decided that its military and law enforcement agencies needed a new standard service weapon. It was made to be compatible with other [[NATO]] weapons by the adoption of standard 5.56&nbsp;mm [[STANAG]] loaders, whereas the AR70/90's predecessor, the [[Beretta BM59|BM59]], derived from the U.S. [[M1 Garand]], was chambered in 7.62&nbsp;mm (.308), another NATO caliber which today is considered suitable mostly for [[sniper]] or machine gun use.


The Beretta AR70/223 in its current state could not be submitted for the trials. In October 1980, NATO had chosen the Belgian 62 gr SS109 cartridge as the new standard for the 5.56x45mm round. Because the AR70/223 still ran on the older 5.56mm M193 cartridge, the platform required changes to accommodate the newly standardized SS109 cartridge. Furthermore, a significant defect in build of AR70/223 had been discovered. The receiver of the AR70/223 model was pressed steel box with bolt guides pressed in. It was found that the receiver would distort and jam the firing bolt, if the weapon was subjected to harsh circumstances.<ref>Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 124-125 {{ISBN|1-85367-563-6}}</ref> The result of these and other upgrades to AR70/223 platform would eventually spawn a new assault rifle design, which would become known as AR70/90.
The Beretta AR70/223 in its current state could not be submitted for the trials. In October 1980, NATO had chosen the Belgian 62 gr SS109 cartridge as the new standard for the 5.56×45mm round. Because the AR70/223 still ran on the older 5.56mm M193 cartridge, the platform required changes to accommodate the newly standardized SS109 cartridge. Furthermore, a significant defect in build of AR70/223 had been discovered. The receiver of the AR70/223 model was pressed steel box with bolt guides pressed in. It was found that the receiver would distort and jam the firing bolt, if the weapon was subjected to harsh circumstances.<ref>Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 124–125 {{ISBN|1-85367-563-6}}</ref> The result of these and other upgrades to AR70/223 platform would eventually spawn a new assault rifle design, which would become known as AR70/90.


The first working samples were ready in 1985 and the AR-70/90 was submitted to the rifle evaluation trials conducted by '''Stabilimento Militare di Armamento Leggero di Terni''' (Light Armament Military Plant of Terni) in the years 1988 and 1989.
The first working samples were ready in 1985 and the AR-70/90 was submitted to the rifle evaluation trials conducted by '''Stabilimento Militare di Armamento Leggero di Terni''' (Light Armament Military Plant of Terni) in the years 1988 and 1989.


During the trials, the AR-70/90 competed with a variant of [[H&K G41]] licensed and produced domestically by [[Franchi (firearms)|Franchi]] and the [[IMI_Galil#Italian_variants|Mod.378 VB-SR]], a modified clone of the [[IMI_Galil#Galil_SAR|Galil SAR]] developed by [[Vincenzo Bernardelli S.p.A. (firearms)|Bernardelli]]. There was also intent to request [[Colt's Manufacturing Company|Colt]] to submit the [[M16_rifle#M16A2|M16A2]] to be evaluated, but legal troubles involving Renato Gamba and his company (currently Bremec S.r.l) - which was Colt's Italian representative - blocked the evaluation of M16A2.<ref>http://www.fondazionecipriani.it/Scritti/palermo.html</ref><ref>https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1988/02/02/traffico-armi-poche-le-condanne-tante.html</ref> AR70/90 would win the trials and be adopted as Italian Army's standard assault rifle.
During the trials, the AR-70/90 competed with a variant of [[H&K G41]] licensed and produced domestically by [[Franchi (firearms)|Franchi]] and the [[IMI Galil#Italian variants|Mod.378 VB-SR]], a modified clone of the [[IMI Galil#Galil SAR|Galil SAR]] developed by [[Vincenzo Bernardelli S.p.A. (firearms)|Bernardelli]]. There was also intent to request [[Colt's Manufacturing Company|Colt]] to submit the [[M16 rifle#M16A2|M16A2]] to be evaluated, but legal troubles involving Renato Gamba and his company (currently Bremec S.r.l) – which was Colt's Italian representative – blocked the evaluation of M16A2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fondazionecipriani.it/Scritti/palermo.html|title = Armi e droga nell'inchiesta del giudice Palermo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1988/02/02/traffico-armi-poche-le-condanne-tante.html|title=TRAFFICO D' ARMI, POCHE LE CONDANNE TANTE LE ASSOLUZIONI – la Repubblica.it}}</ref> AR70/90 would win the trials and be adopted as Italian Army's standard assault rifle.


===AR 70/90 variants and the versions for the civil market===
===AR 70/90 variants and the versions for the civil market===


In 1990 the AR70/90 (Assault Rifle) model was adopted as a standard assault rifle; in addition to the basic version with fixed stock, the '''SC70/90''' variants (Special Carbine) with folding stock were adopted, mainly used by Alpine troops, and the '''SCP70/90''' (Special Carbine Paratroopers) rifle for paratroopers with recoil pad foldable and shorter barrel than the SC which allows insertion into the rifle sheath used in parachute jumps.
In 1990 the AR70/90 (Automatic Rifle) model was adopted as a standard automatic rifle; in addition to the basic version with fixed stock, the '''SC70/90''' variants (Special Carbine) with folding stock were adopted, mainly used by Alpine troops, and the '''SCP70/90''' (Special Carbine Paratroopers) rifle for paratroopers with recoil pad foldable and shorter barrel than the SC which allows insertion into the rifle sheath used in parachute jumps.


A [[light support weapon]] variant, known '''[[Beretta AS70/90|AS70/90]]''', was also developed. It could be fed with either ammo-belt or standard 30-round STANAG magazine. However, it was not adopted by Italian Armed Forces, whom had instead adopted the Belgian [[FN Minimi]].
A [[light support weapon]] variant, known as the [[Beretta AS70/90|AS70/90]], was also developed. It could be fed with either ammo-belt or standard 30-round STANAG magazine. However, it was not adopted by Italian Armed Forces, whom had instead adopted the Belgian [[FN Minimi]].


As with BM59, the AR70/90 also supplanted the older AR70/223 models in all departments that had adopted it.
As with BM59, the AR70/90 also supplanted the older AR70/223 models in all departments that had adopted it.


Both the 70/223 assault rifles and the 70/90 assault rifles are also available in semi-automatic only versions for the law enforcement and civilian market. Known as the '''AR-70/90s''', it was mostly identical to military variant, with exception of deleted flash hider, bayonet mount and carrying handle.
Both the 70/223 automatic rifles and the 70/90 automatic rifles are also available in semi-automatic only versions for the law enforcement and civilian market. Known as the '''AR-70/90s''', it was mostly identical to military variant, with exception of deleted flash hider, bayonet mount and carrying handle.


Since January 2018, the latest civilian versions have been marketed by [[:it:Jager_(azienda_italiana)|Nuova Jager S.r.l.]] These are mainly rifles acquired from the reserves of the [[Carabinieri]], which have been modified by the distributor for semi-automatic operation only. These variants still maintain the original .223 Remington caliber, ability to take NATO/STANAG magazines, while barrel length has been reduced to 21mm.
Since January 2018, the latest civilian versions have been marketed by [[:it:Jager (azienda italiana)|Nuova Jager S.r.l.]] These are mainly rifles acquired from the reserves of the [[Carabinieri]], which have been modified by the distributor for semi-automatic operation only. These variants still maintain the original .223 Remington caliber, ability to take NATO/STANAG magazines, while barrel length has been reduced to 21mm.{{fact|date=December 2022}}


===Replacement===
===Replacement===


In 2008, Italian Armed Forces initiated the layered Soldato Futuro (Future Soldier) program, which sought to modernize the elements of the Armed Forces following the wake of innovations and battlefield experiences in [[2000s (decade)|2000s]]. One of the program's perimeters was examining an potential replacement/upgrade for the Beretta AR70/90.
In 2008, Italian Armed Forces initiated the layered Soldato Futuro (Future Soldier) program, which sought to modernize the elements of the Armed Forces following the wake of innovations and battlefield experiences in 2000s. One of the program's perimeters was examining a potential replacement/upgrade for the Beretta AR70/90.


Beretta began to develop an upgraded version of the Beretta AR70/90 platform, but the product in development would eventually evolve into the [[Beretta ARX-160]], which would be chosen as AR70/90's successor as standard assault rifle of Italian Armed Forces.
Beretta began to develop an upgraded version of the Beretta AR70/90 platform, but the product in development would eventually evolve into the [[Beretta ARX-160]], which would be chosen as AR70/90's successor as standard automatic rifle of Italian Armed Forces.


Between 2008 and 2014, there were around 30,000 ARX160 A2s that are chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge that have been supplied to the Italian Army, Italian Navy, Italian Air Force and Italian Special Forces, supplementing the AR70/90. ARX-160 has been since the deployed in several operations conducted by Italian Armed Forces, including missions in Afghanistan.
Between 2008 and 2014, there were around 30,000 ARX160 A2s that are chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge that have been supplied to the Italian Army, Italian Navy, Italian Air Force and Italian Special Forces, supplementing the AR70/90. ARX-160 has been since the deployed in several operations conducted by Italian Armed Forces, including missions in Afghanistan.


==Description==
==Description==
The AR70/90 is manufactured according to 1980s standards, i.e. with limited use of [[polymer]] plastic parts and using stainless steel whenever possible (a Beretta staple). It weighs approximately 4&nbsp;kg in standard configuration. It has three firing positions (full auto, three-round burst, and [[Semi-automatic firearm|semi-auto]]) and a safe, and has a carrying handle not unlike the Vietnam-era [[M16 rifle|M16]], a long, bulky barrel, and a hollow stock. It is usually fitted with an [[Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight|ACOG]] or a [[red dot sight|red dot]] optic.
The AR70/90 is manufactured according to 1980s standards, i.e. with limited use of [[polymer]] plastic parts and using stainless steel whenever possible (a Beretta staple). It weighs approximately {{convert|4|kg|lb|2|abbr=on}} in standard configuration. It has three firing positions (full auto, three-round burst, and [[Semi-automatic firearm|semi-auto]]) and a safe, and has a carrying handle not unlike the Vietnam-era [[M16 rifle|M16]], a long, bulky barrel, and a hollow stock. It is usually fitted with an [[Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight|ACOG]] or a [[red dot sight|red dot]] optic.

==Variants==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%; text-align:center;"
|-
! Version
! Caliber
! Length
! Barrel length
! Mass
! Effective range
! Rate of fire
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| '''AR70/223'''
| 5.56×45mm M193
| 995&nbsp;mm
| 450&nbsp;mm
| 3.8&nbsp;kg
| 400 m
| 650 rpm
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| '''AR70/90, SC70/90'''
| 5.56×45mm NATO
| 998 (756) mm
| 450&nbsp;mm
| 4.07&nbsp;kg
| 500 m
| 670 rpm
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| '''SCP70/90'''
| 5.56×45mm NATO
| 908 (663) mm
| 360&nbsp;mm
| 3.8&nbsp;kg
| 350 m
| 670 rpm
|}


==Users==
==Users==
<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->
[[File:Beretta AR70-90 Users.png|thumb|Map with Beretta AR70/90 users in blue]]<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->
[[File:Italian Soldier Olypmic Games Turin 2006.jpg|thumb|150px|Italian soldier of the [[Folgore Brigade]] armed with an SC70/90 rifle.]]
[[File:Italian Soldier Olypmic Games Turin 2006.jpg|thumb|150px|Italian soldier of the [[Folgore Brigade]] armed with an SC70/90 rifle.]]


*{{flag|Albania}} – 5,000 units gifted to the [[Albanian Armed Forces]] by Italy.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bozinovski|first1=Igor|title=Italy to gift rifles to Albania|url=http://www.janes.com/article/74620/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171004145610/http://www.janes.com/article/74620/italy-to-gift-rifles-to-albania|archive-date=4 October 2017|date=4 October 2017}}</ref>
*{{flag|Albania}} – 5,000 units gifted to the [[Albanian Armed Forces]] by Italy.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bozinovski|first1=Igor|title=Italy to gift rifles to Albania|url=http://www.janes.com/article/74620/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171004145610/http://www.janes.com/article/74620/italy-to-gift-rifles-to-albania|archive-date=4 October 2017|date=4 October 2017}}</ref>
*{{flag|Burkina Faso}} Police<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35th edition (January 27, 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.{{Page needed|date=November 2016}}</ref>
*{{flag|Burkina Faso}} Police<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35th edition (27 January 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.{{Page needed|date=November 2016}}</ref>
*{{flag|Egypt}}: Used by [[Law enforcement in Egypt|police forces]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.disarmo.org/rete/a/36260.html|title=Italia: ecco le armi esportate da Berlusconi a dittatori e regimi autoritari|author=Giorgio Beretta|work=ControllArmi|access-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610141815/http://www.disarmo.org/rete/a/36260.html|archive-date=10 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Egypt}}: Used by [[Law enforcement in Egypt|police forces]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.disarmo.org/rete/a/36260.html|title=Italia: ecco le armi esportate da Berlusconi a dittatori e regimi autoritari|author=Giorgio Beretta|work=ControllArmi|access-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610141815/http://www.disarmo.org/rete/a/36260.html|archive-date=10 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Honduras}}: Delivered 1,000 in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensa.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11160:las-fuerzas-armadas-de-honduras-comenzaran-el-2014-con-nueva-cupula-militar-el-pais-busca-en-israel-asistencia-tecnica-para-repotenciar-los-f-5&catid=55:latinoamerica&Itemid=163|title=Las Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras comenzarán el 2014 con nueva cúpula militar. El país busca en Israel asistencia técnica para repotenciar los F-5|author=Alvaro Diaz|website=Defensa.com|access-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111154716/http://www.defensa.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11160:las-fuerzas-armadas-de-honduras-comenzaran-el-2014-con-nueva-cupula-militar-el-pais-busca-en-israel-asistencia-tecnica-para-repotenciar-los-f-5&catid=55:latinoamerica&Itemid=163|archive-date=11 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Used by the Police
*{{flag|Honduras}}: Delivered 1,000 in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensa.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11160:las-fuerzas-armadas-de-honduras-comenzaran-el-2014-con-nueva-cupula-militar-el-pais-busca-en-israel-asistencia-tecnica-para-repotenciar-los-f-5&catid=55:latinoamerica&Itemid=163|title=Las Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras comenzarán el 2014 con nueva cúpula militar. El país busca en Israel asistencia técnica para repotenciar los F-5|author=Alvaro Diaz|website=Defensa.com|access-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111154716/http://www.defensa.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11160:las-fuerzas-armadas-de-honduras-comenzaran-el-2014-con-nueva-cupula-militar-el-pais-busca-en-israel-asistencia-tecnica-para-repotenciar-los-f-5&catid=55:latinoamerica&Itemid=163|archive-date=11 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Used by the [[Law enforcement in Honduras|Honduran Police]].<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Issue|last2=V7N5|last3=Volume 7|title=Police Small Arms Arsenals in the Northern Central American Triangle – Small Arms Defense Journal|url=http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/police-small-arms-arsenals-in-the-northern-central-american-triangle/|access-date=4 August 2021|language=en-US}}</ref>
⚫
*{{flag|Italy}}: Army has 105,000 AR70s and 15,000 SCP70s in service; the weapons are also in service with the Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri, Guardia di Finanza and Polizia di Stato. Those models will be decommissioned in favor of the [[ARX-160]].
⚫
*{{flag|Indonesia}}: Indonesian Navy (Special Forces)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://i.imgur.com/mE2Cd5k.jpg |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-11-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090400/http://i.imgur.com/mE2Cd5k.jpg |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>
⚫
*{{flag|Jordan}}<ref name="jones2009"/> – SC70/223 is the standard carbine of the Special Forces from the 1980s<ref name="Arabs2">{{cite book|title=Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2)|series=Men-at-Arms 128|first= Sam |last=Katz |date=24 March 1988|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=9780850458008|page=42}}</ref>
*{{flag|India}}: Used by [[National Security Guard]] (N.S.G.)
⚫
*{{flag|Italy}}: Army has 105,000 AR70s and 15,000 SCP70s in service; the weapons are also in service with the Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri, Guardia di Finanza and Polizia di Stato.<ref name="modernfirearms">{{cite web|url=http://world.guns.ru/assault/as11-e.htm|title=Modern Firearms|website=World.guns.ru|access-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100902020950/http://world.guns.ru/assault/as11-e.htm|archive-date=2 September 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Those models will be decommissioned in favor of the [[ARX-160]].
⚫
*{{flag|Jordan}}<ref name="jones2009"/><ref name="modernfirearms"/> - SC70/223 is the standard carbine of the Special Forces from the 1980s<ref name="Arabs2">{{cite book|title=Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2)|series=Men-at-Arms 128|first= Sam |last=Katz |date=24 Mar 1988|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=9780850458008|page=42}}</ref>
*{{flag|Lesotho}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Lesotho}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
⚫
*{{flag|Malaysia}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiandefence.com/rmr-museum/|title=RMR Museum|access-date=9 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309183107/http://www.malaysiandefence.com/rmr-museum/|archive-date=9 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Libya}}
*{{flag|Malaysia}}<ref name="modernfirearms"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiandefence.com/rmr-museum/|title=RMR Museum|access-date=2018-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309183107/http://www.malaysiandefence.com/rmr-museum/|archive-date=2018-03-09|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Mexico}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unimondo.org/Guide/Guerra-e-Pace/Armi-leggere/Gli-affari-della-Beretta-coi-regimi-repressivi-e-il-Codice-Gheddafi-148444|title=Gli affari della Beretta coi regimi repressivi e il "Codice Gheddafi" / Armi leggere / Guerra e Pace / Guide / Home – Unimondo|website=Unimodo.org|access-date=12 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610063339/http://www.unimondo.org/Guide/Guerra-e-Pace/Armi-leggere/Gli-affari-della-Beretta-coi-regimi-repressivi-e-il-Codice-Gheddafi-148444|archive-date=10 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Morocco}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Mexico}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unimondo.org/Guide/Guerra-e-Pace/Armi-leggere/Gli-affari-della-Beretta-coi-regimi-repressivi-e-il-Codice-Gheddafi-148444|title=Gli affari della Beretta coi regimi repressivi e il "Codice Gheddafi" / Armi leggere / Guerra e Pace / Guide / Home - Unimondo|website=Unimodo.org|access-date=12 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610063339/http://www.unimondo.org/Guide/Guerra-e-Pace/Armi-leggere/Gli-affari-della-Beretta-coi-regimi-repressivi-e-il-Codice-Gheddafi-148444|archive-date=10 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Morocco}}<ref name="jones2009"/><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402135550/http://l.yimg.com/bt/enwiki/api/res/1.2/66IR3ood73grgZSS_a.c2A--/YXBwaWQ9eW5ld3M7Zmk9ZmlsbDtoPTcxMDtweW9mZj0wO3E9NzU7dz0xMDcz/http://media.zenfs.com/en_us/News/ap_webfeeds/fc2bd64580e1630a2d0f6a706700ea09.jpg]</ref>
*{{flag|Nigeria}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Nigeria}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Paraguay}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Paraguay}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
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==See also==
==See also==
⚫
*[[Beretta AS70/90]]
*[[FARA 83]]
*[[FARA 83]]
*[[FN FNC]]
*[[SIG 530]]
*[[SIG 530]]
*[[List of assault rifles]]
*[[List of assault rifles]]
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{{commons category|Beretta AR 70/90}}
{{commons category|Beretta AR 70/90}}


*[http://www.berettadefence.com/ Beretta Defence company website]
*[http://www.berettadefence.com/ Beretta Defence company website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060418221044/http://www.berettadefence.com/ |date=18 April 2006 }}
*[http://www.berettadefence.com/dati/ContentManager/files/cataflash/catalogo.pdf Beretta Defence catalog]
*[http://www.berettadefence.com/dati/ContentManager/files/cataflash/catalogo.pdf Beretta Defence catalog]
*[http://world.guns.ru/assault/as11-e.htm Modern Firearms]


{{Beretta firearms}}
{{Beretta firearms}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Beretta AR70 90}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Beretta AR70 90}}
[[Category:5.56 mm assault rifles]]
[[Category:5.56×45mm NATO assault rifles]]
[[Category:Beretta firearms|AR70 90]]
[[Category:Assault rifles of Italy]]
⚫
[[Category:Beretta rifles|AR70/90]]
[[Category:Gas-operated firearms]]
[[Category:Gas-operated firearms]]
[[Category:Rifles of Italy]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1972]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1972]]
[[Category:Long stroke piston firearms]]

Latest revision as of 15:49, 15 November 2024

Beretta AR70/90
A Beretta AR70/90 SCP
TypeAssault rifle
Place of originItaly
Service history
In serviceAR70/223: 1972–1990
AR70/90: 1990–present
Used bySee Users
WarsWar in Afghanistan
Iraq War
Mexican Drug War
Syrian Civil War
Production history
DesignerBeretta
DesignedAR70/223: 1972
AR70/90: 1985
ManufacturerBeretta
VariantsSee Variants
Specifications
Mass3.99 kg (8.80 lb) (varies slightly)
Length998 mm (39.3 in) (varies slightly)
Cartridge5.56×45mm NATO
ActionGas-operated
Rate of fire650 RPM (varies slightly)
Muzzle velocity950 m/s (3,100 ft/s)
Effective firing range500 m (1,600 ft)
Feed system30-round STANAG Magazine
100-round C-Mag drum magazine
SightsIron/grenade sights

The Beretta AR70/90 is a gas operated assault rifle chambered for the 5.56×45 mm NATO cartridge, and is the standard issue service rifle of the Italian Armed Forces. The weapon is also designed to be fitted with a rifle grenade, and has grenade sights. The AR series comes in many variants such as the AR90, with a wire folding stock, for use by paratroopers.

History

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Beretta AR70

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Beretta AR70/223, the AR70/90's predecessor, which was created from Beretta's experiences in developing SIG SG 530.

In 1963, SIG and Beretta began a joint development of the SIG SG 530. In 1968, Beretta decided to cease development with SIG, with the latter developer choosing to continue work on the SG 530. Beretta instead pursued development of its own off-shoot of the SG 530, using the information and experience they had gained from the project. The result was the Beretta AR70, which externally resembled its parent weapon, the SG 530, while differing in the internal firing mechanism/locking system.

The AR-70 was introduced in 1972. Following the successful testing of the rifle's capabilities, it was adopted by various outfits of Italian military and police. These include COMSUBIN, the San Marco Battalion of the Italian Navy, the NOCS of the State Police and was also issued by Italian Airforce to men of VAM (Vigilanza Aeronautica Militare). Exports to foreign armies include Jordan, Malaysia and others.[1]

The rifle was initially designated AR-70, but was later redesignated as AR-70/223 to distinguish it from the later AR70/90. AR-70/223 was available in three variants. The AR-70/223 standard automatic rifle, SC-70 carbine which was 223 with the same muzzle length but with foldable stock, and a special SCS-70/223 rifle with detachable shortened muzzle and foldable stock). A light support weapon variant of 70/223 was also developed, with a removable box magazine and a quick-change barrel, but it did not achieve considerable success.

AR70/90 and the adoption of the Italian army

[edit]

Development of Beretta AR70/90 rifle began when in the 1980s when the Italian Government decided that its military and law enforcement agencies needed a new standard service weapon. It was made to be compatible with other NATO weapons by the adoption of standard 5.56 mm STANAG loaders, whereas the AR70/90's predecessor, the BM59, derived from the U.S. M1 Garand, was chambered in 7.62 mm (.308), another NATO caliber which today is considered suitable mostly for sniper or machine gun use.

The Beretta AR70/223 in its current state could not be submitted for the trials. In October 1980, NATO had chosen the Belgian 62 gr SS109 cartridge as the new standard for the 5.56×45mm round. Because the AR70/223 still ran on the older 5.56mm M193 cartridge, the platform required changes to accommodate the newly standardized SS109 cartridge. Furthermore, a significant defect in build of AR70/223 had been discovered. The receiver of the AR70/223 model was pressed steel box with bolt guides pressed in. It was found that the receiver would distort and jam the firing bolt, if the weapon was subjected to harsh circumstances.[2] The result of these and other upgrades to AR70/223 platform would eventually spawn a new assault rifle design, which would become known as AR70/90.

The first working samples were ready in 1985 and the AR-70/90 was submitted to the rifle evaluation trials conducted by Stabilimento Militare di Armamento Leggero di Terni (Light Armament Military Plant of Terni) in the years 1988 and 1989.

During the trials, the AR-70/90 competed with a variant of H&K G41 licensed and produced domestically by Franchi and the Mod.378 VB-SR, a modified clone of the Galil SAR developed by Bernardelli. There was also intent to request Colt to submit the M16A2 to be evaluated, but legal troubles involving Renato Gamba and his company (currently Bremec S.r.l) – which was Colt's Italian representative – blocked the evaluation of M16A2.[3][4] AR70/90 would win the trials and be adopted as Italian Army's standard assault rifle.

AR 70/90 variants and the versions for the civil market

[edit]

In 1990 the AR70/90 (Automatic Rifle) model was adopted as a standard automatic rifle; in addition to the basic version with fixed stock, the SC70/90 variants (Special Carbine) with folding stock were adopted, mainly used by Alpine troops, and the SCP70/90 (Special Carbine Paratroopers) rifle for paratroopers with recoil pad foldable and shorter barrel than the SC which allows insertion into the rifle sheath used in parachute jumps.

A light support weapon variant, known as the AS70/90, was also developed. It could be fed with either ammo-belt or standard 30-round STANAG magazine. However, it was not adopted by Italian Armed Forces, whom had instead adopted the Belgian FN Minimi.

As with BM59, the AR70/90 also supplanted the older AR70/223 models in all departments that had adopted it.

Both the 70/223 automatic rifles and the 70/90 automatic rifles are also available in semi-automatic only versions for the law enforcement and civilian market. Known as the AR-70/90s, it was mostly identical to military variant, with exception of deleted flash hider, bayonet mount and carrying handle.

Since January 2018, the latest civilian versions have been marketed by Nuova Jager S.r.l. These are mainly rifles acquired from the reserves of the Carabinieri, which have been modified by the distributor for semi-automatic operation only. These variants still maintain the original .223 Remington caliber, ability to take NATO/STANAG magazines, while barrel length has been reduced to 21mm.[citation needed]

Replacement

[edit]

In 2008, Italian Armed Forces initiated the layered Soldato Futuro (Future Soldier) program, which sought to modernize the elements of the Armed Forces following the wake of innovations and battlefield experiences in 2000s. One of the program's perimeters was examining a potential replacement/upgrade for the Beretta AR70/90.

Beretta began to develop an upgraded version of the Beretta AR70/90 platform, but the product in development would eventually evolve into the Beretta ARX-160, which would be chosen as AR70/90's successor as standard automatic rifle of Italian Armed Forces.

Between 2008 and 2014, there were around 30,000 ARX160 A2s that are chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge that have been supplied to the Italian Army, Italian Navy, Italian Air Force and Italian Special Forces, supplementing the AR70/90. ARX-160 has been since the deployed in several operations conducted by Italian Armed Forces, including missions in Afghanistan.

Description

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The AR70/90 is manufactured according to 1980s standards, i.e. with limited use of polymer plastic parts and using stainless steel whenever possible (a Beretta staple). It weighs approximately 4 kg (8.82 lb) in standard configuration. It has three firing positions (full auto, three-round burst, and semi-auto) and a safe, and has a carrying handle not unlike the Vietnam-era M16, a long, bulky barrel, and a hollow stock. It is usually fitted with an ACOG or a red dot optic.

Users

[edit]
Map with Beretta AR70/90 users in blue
Italian soldier of the Folgore Brigade armed with an SC70/90 rifle.

See also

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 126–127 ISBN 1-85367-563-6
  2. ^ Ian V. Hogg, "Small Arms: Pistols and Rifles", revised by John Walter, pages 124–125 ISBN 1-85367-563-6
  3. ^ "Armi e droga nell'inchiesta del giudice Palermo".
  4. ^ "TRAFFICO D' ARMI, POCHE LE CONDANNE TANTE LE ASSOLUZIONI – la Repubblica.it".
  5. ^ Bozinovski, Igor (4 October 2017). "Italy to gift rifles to Albania". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35th edition (27 January 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.[page needed]
  7. ^ Giorgio Beretta. "Italia: ecco le armi esportate da Berlusconi a dittatori e regimi autoritari". ControllArmi. Archived from the original on 10 June 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
  8. ^ Alvaro Diaz. "Las Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras comenzarán el 2014 con nueva cúpula militar. El país busca en Israel asistencia técnica para repotenciar los F-5". Defensa.com. Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
  9. ^ Issue; V7N5; Volume 7. "Police Small Arms Arsenals in the Northern Central American Triangle – Small Arms Defense Journal". Retrieved 4 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Katz, Sam (24 March 1988). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2). Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 9780850458008.
  11. ^ "RMR Museum". Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  12. ^ "Gli affari della Beretta coi regimi repressivi e il "Codice Gheddafi" / Armi leggere / Guerra e Pace / Guide / Home – Unimondo". Unimodo.org. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
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