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{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = File:10-7175833-k-549.jpg
| Ship image = File:K-549 Knyaz Vladimir at sea trials (2019).jpg
| Ship caption = ''Knyaz Vladmir'' during sea trials in February 2019
| Ship caption = ''Knyaz Vladimir'' during sea trials in February 2019
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
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== History ==
== History ==
[[File:АПЛ Князь Владимир в Финском заливе. 9 июля 2021 года.png|thumb|left|Nuclear submarine Prince Vladimir in the Gulf of Finland. July 9, 2021]]
[[File:АПЛ Князь Владимир в Финском заливе. 9 июля 2021 года.png|thumb|left|Nuclear submarine Prince Vladimir in the Gulf of Finland. July 9, 2021]]
Project 955A was developed by the [[Rubin Design Bureau]], and the chief designer was [[Sergey Kovalev (designer)|Sergey Kovalev]]. The keel was expected to have been laid down in 2010 but this was delayed until July 2012 because of a price dispute between the Russian MOD and the [[United Shipbuilding Corporation]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}
Project 955A was developed by the [[Rubin Design Bureau]], and the chief designer was [[Sergei Nikitich Kovalev|Sergey Kovalev]]. The keel was expected to have been laid down in 2010 but this was delayed until July 2012 because of a price dispute between the Russian MOD and the [[United Shipbuilding Corporation]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}


''Knyaz Vladimir'' is the first unit of the Project 955A sub-class and will differ by several modifications from the previous units of the project 955. These modifications will include major structural changes, reduced acoustic signature, and more modern communication equipment. While initially reported to have four more (20 in total) launch tubes, the 955A includes 16 missile tubes same as the project 955.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10367|title=SSBN Yury Dolgoruky completed sea trials|website=rusnavy.com|date=28 September 2010|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20130220/923813018.html|title=Новые АПЛ "Борей-А" будут вооружены 16, а не 20 "Булавами"|website=ria.ru|date=20 February 2013|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref>The submarine will be armed with the newest Russian [[submarine launched ballistic missile]] (SLBM), the [[RSM-56 Bulava]]. ''Knyaz Vladimir'' and its sister ships will eventually replace the Soviet-era {{sclass2|Delta|submarine|5}} and {{sclass2|Typhoon|submarine|1}}s in the [[Russian Navy]].
''Knyaz Vladimir'' is the first unit of the Project 955A sub-class and will differ by several modifications from the previous units of the project 955. These modifications will include major structural changes, reduced acoustic signature, and more modern communication equipment. While initially reported to have four more (20 in total) launch tubes, the 955A includes 16 missile tubes same as the project 955.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10367|title=SSBN Yury Dolgoruky completed sea trials|website=rusnavy.com|date=28 September 2010|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20130220/923813018.html|title=Новые АПЛ "Борей-А" будут вооружены 16, а не 20 "Булавами"|website=ria.ru|date=20 February 2013|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> The submarine will be armed with the newest Russian [[submarine launched ballistic missile]] (SLBM), the [[RSM-56 Bulava]]. ''Knyaz Vladimir'' and its sister ships will eventually replace the Soviet-era {{sclass2|Delta|submarine|5}} and {{sclass2|Typhoon|submarine|1}}s in the [[Russian Navy]].


''Knyaz Vladimir'' was floated out on 17 November 2017,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/976205|title=Russia floats out 4th Borei-class strategic nuclear submarine|website=[[TASS]]|date=17 November 2017|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> and began the first stage of factory trials by late November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/3436893.html|title=Атомный подводный ракетный крейсер "Князь Владимир" вышел на заводские ходовые испытания|website=bmpd.livejournal.com|date=1 December 2018|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> The submarine returned to [[Sevmash]] in early 2019 and was to begin a second stage of factory trials by late June 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1063781|title=Russia's advanced Borei-A submarine to enter 2nd stage of shipbuilders' trials — source|website=[[TASS]]|date=14 June 2019|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> On 22 October 2019, [[Aleksandr Alekseyevich Moiseyev|Aleksandr Moiseyev]], commander in chief of the [[Northern Fleet]], stated that ''Knyaz Vladimir'' is expected to complete its sea trials by the end of the year. According to Moiseyev, completion of the sea trials is to be accompanied by the launch of a Bulava missile.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7030331|title=АПЛ "Князь Владимир" в 2019 году выполнит стрельбу "Булавой" |website=[[TASS]]|date=22 October 2019|accessdate=22 October 2019|language=ru}}</ref> On 29 October, the submarine conducted a successful Bulava launch from a submerged position in the [[White Sea]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thediplomat.com/2019/10/russias-first-upgraded-borei-class-submarine-test-fires-bulava-ballistic-missile/|title=Russia's First Upgraded Borei-Class Submarine Test Fires Bulava Ballistic Missile|publisher=[[The Diplomat]]|date=30 October 2019|accessdate=2 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PU6NzJNUhDE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/PU6NzJNUhDE |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Подводный крейсер "Князь Владимир" провел испытания ракетного комплекса "Булава"|publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (Russia)]]|date=29 October 2019|accessdate=2 November 2019|language=ru}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
''Knyaz Vladimir'' was floated out on 17 November 2017,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/976205|title=Russia floats out 4th Borei-class strategic nuclear submarine|website=[[TASS]]|date=17 November 2017|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> and began the first stage of factory trials by late November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/3436893.html|title=Атомный подводный ракетный крейсер "Князь Владимир" вышел на заводские ходовые испытания|website=bmpd.livejournal.com|date=1 December 2018|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> The submarine returned to [[Sevmash]] in early 2019 and was to begin a second stage of factory trials by late June 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1063781|title=Russia's advanced Borei-A submarine to enter 2nd stage of shipbuilders' trials — source|website=[[TASS]]|date=14 June 2019|accessdate=1 August 2019}}</ref> On 22 October 2019, [[Aleksandr Alekseyevich Moiseyev|Aleksandr Moiseyev]], commander in chief of the [[Northern Fleet]], stated that ''Knyaz Vladimir'' is expected to complete its sea trials by the end of the year. According to Moiseyev, completion of the sea trials is to be accompanied by the launch of a Bulava missile.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7030331|title=АПЛ "Князь Владимир" в 2019 году выполнит стрельбу "Булавой" |website=[[TASS]]|date=22 October 2019|accessdate=22 October 2019|language=ru}}</ref> On 29 October, the submarine conducted a successful Bulava launch from a submerged position in the [[White Sea]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thediplomat.com/2019/10/russias-first-upgraded-borei-class-submarine-test-fires-bulava-ballistic-missile/|title=Russia's First Upgraded Borei-Class Submarine Test Fires Bulava Ballistic Missile|publisher=[[The Diplomat]]|date=30 October 2019|accessdate=2 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PU6NzJNUhDE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/PU6NzJNUhDE |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Подводный крейсер "Князь Владимир" провел испытания ракетного комплекса "Булава"|publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (Russia)]]|date=29 October 2019|accessdate=2 November 2019|language=ru}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


According to [[TASS]]' [[Defense industry of Russia|defense industry]] sources, commissioning of the ''Knyaz Vladimir'' has been delayed until the first [[Calendar_year#Quarters|quarter]] of 2020 due to a number of detected deficiencies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7450181|title=Источник: передача в состав ВМФ атомной подлодки "Князь Владимир" перенесена на 2020 год |publisher=[[TASS]]|date=30 December 2019|accessdate=31 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref> The following [[Komsomolskaya Pravda]] report, citing Alexei Rakhmanov, President of the [[United Shipbuilding Corporation|USC]], has specified the commissioning period as "end of January" 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.kp.ru/online/news/3728684/|title=Первую подлодку "Князь Владимир" класса "Борей-А" передадут ВМФ до конца января|publisher=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|date=10 January 2020|accessdate=10 January 2020|language=ru}}</ref>
According to [[TASS]]' [[Defense industry of Russia|defense industry]] sources, commissioning of the ''Knyaz Vladimir'' has been delayed until the first [[Calendar year#Quarters|quarter]] of 2020 due to a number of detected deficiencies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7450181|title=Источник: передача в состав ВМФ атомной подлодки "Князь Владимир" перенесена на 2020 год |publisher=[[TASS]]|date=30 December 2019|accessdate=31 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref> The following [[Komsomolskaya Pravda]] report, citing Alexei Rakhmanov, President of the [[United Shipbuilding Corporation|USC]], has specified the commissioning period as "end of January" 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.kp.ru/online/news/3728684/|title=Первую подлодку "Князь Владимир" класса "Борей-А" передадут ВМФ до конца января|publisher=[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]|date=10 January 2020|accessdate=10 January 2020|language=ru}}</ref>


On 28 May 2020, ''Knyaz Vladimir'' was accepted by Ministry of Defence of Russia<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.sevmash.ru/rus/news/2942-2020-05-28-13-04-59.html|title=Подписан приемный акт атомной подводной лодки "Князь Владимир"|publisher=Sevmash|language=ru|date=28 May 2020|accessdate=29 May 2020}}</ref> and was commissioned into service with the Russian Navy on 12 June 2020.<ref name="commissioned">{{cite press release|url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12296989@egNews|title=В День России в состав Военно-Морского Флота торжественно принят новейший ракетный подводный крейсер стратегического назначения проекта "Борей-А" "Князь Владимир"|publisher=Ministry of Defence of Russia|language=ru|date=12 June 2020|accessdate=12 June 2020}}</ref> With a pennant number K-549, the submarine is part of the 31st Submarine Division at the [[Northern Fleet]].
On 28 May 2020, ''Knyaz Vladimir'' was accepted by Ministry of Defence of Russia<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.sevmash.ru/rus/news/2942-2020-05-28-13-04-59.html|title=Подписан приемный акт атомной подводной лодки "Князь Владимир"|publisher=Sevmash|language=ru|date=28 May 2020|accessdate=29 May 2020}}</ref> and was commissioned into service with the Russian Navy on 12 June 2020.<ref name="commissioned">{{cite press release|url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12296989@egNews|title=В День России в состав Военно-Морского Флота торжественно принят новейший ракетный подводный крейсер стратегического назначения проекта "Борей-А" "Князь Владимир"|publisher=Ministry of Defence of Russia|language=ru|date=12 June 2020|accessdate=12 June 2020}}</ref> With a pennant number K-549, the submarine is part of the 31st Submarine Division at the [[Northern Fleet]].


On 26 March 2021, an unprecedented operation took place in the [[Arctic Ocean]], as ''Knyaz Vladimir'', and two [[Delta-class submarine|''Delta IV''-class]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]s (SSBN) together armed with 48 [[SLBM]]s<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1277367|title = Russia's latest nuclear-powered sub proves its worth in Arctic ice, says Navy chief}}</ref> surfaced simultaneously from under the ice with precision in a limited space with a radius of 300 meters for the first time in the history of the Russian Navy and former Soviet navy and in the world.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-military-arctic-idUSKBN2BI2RZ|title = Three Russian submarines surface and break Arctic ice during drills|newspaper = Reuters|date = 26 March 2021}}</ref> The operation was part of the ''Umka-2021'' exercise. The ice of 1.5 meters thickness was broken firing a torpedo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/11006093|title=Атомная подлодка провела торпедную стрельбу из-подо льда в Арктике|date=26 March 2021|website=tass.ru|accessdate=26 March 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Russian [[Northern Fleet]] subs train all the time under ice conditions<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nbrs/941/tk-20/TK-20.htm|title=ТК-20|website=deepstorm.ru|accessdate=10 April 2021|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.submarines.narod.ru/Substory/Fotos/6_667bdrm_84_f02vi.html|title=К-84, Екатеринбург, фотография 2 :: Русский Подплав ::}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12007322@egNews|title=Экипажи атомных подводных лодок Северного флота готовятся к подлёдному плаванию в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ens.mil.ru/education/more.htm?id=12234707@egNews&_print=true|title = Подводники Северного флота отработали ледовую подготовку в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref> including cruising under Arctic and as a part of training they learn how to find or make holes with a torpedo in ice in order to surface and dive. Russian navy submarines break ice on regular basis<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebarentsobserver.com/ru/bezopasnost/2017/12/krupneyshaya-v-mire-apl-krushit-lyod|title=Крупнейшая в мире АПЛ крушит лёд}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ens.mil.ru/education/more.htm?id=12234707@egNews&_print=true|title = Подводники Северного флота отработали ледовую подготовку в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref> and have developed special weapons to break ice in order to fire [[SLBM]]s, first time tested in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iz.ru/965164/aleksei-ramm-bogdan-stepovoi/v-potolok-ledianoi-podlodki-probiut-polyniu-dlia-vsplytiia-raketoi|title = В потолок ледяной: подлодки пробьют полынью для всплытия ракетой|date = 24 January 2020}}</ref>
On 26 March 2021, an unprecedented operation took place in the [[Arctic Ocean]], as ''Knyaz Vladimir'', and two [[Delta-class submarine|''Delta IV''-class]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]s (SSBN) together armed with 48 [[SLBM]]s<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1277367|title = Russia's latest nuclear-powered sub proves its worth in Arctic ice, says Navy chief|date=13 April 2021|website=TASS}}</ref> surfaced simultaneously from under the ice with precision in a limited space with a radius of 300 meters for the first time in the history of the Russian Navy and former Soviet navy and in the world.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-military-arctic-idUSKBN2BI2RZ|title = Three Russian submarines surface and break Arctic ice during drills|newspaper = Reuters|date = 26 March 2021}}</ref> The operation was part of the ''Umka-2021'' exercise. The ice of 1.5 meters thickness was broken firing a torpedo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/11006093|title=Атомная подлодка провела торпедную стрельбу из-подо льда в Арктике|date=26 March 2021|website=tass.ru|accessdate=26 March 2021|language=ru}}</ref> Russian [[Northern Fleet]] subs train all the time under ice conditions<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nbrs/941/tk-20/TK-20.htm|title=ТК-20|website=deepstorm.ru|accessdate=10 April 2021|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.submarines.narod.ru/Substory/Fotos/6_667bdrm_84_f02vi.html|title=К-84, Екатеринбург, фотография 2 :: Русский Подплав ::}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12007322@egNews|title=Экипажи атомных подводных лодок Северного флота готовятся к подлёдному плаванию в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref><ref name="ens.mil.ru">{{Cite web|url=https://ens.mil.ru/education/more.htm?id=12234707@egNews&_print=true|title = Подводники Северного флота отработали ледовую подготовку в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref> including cruising under Arctic and as a part of training they learn how to find or make holes with a torpedo in ice in order to surface and dive. Russian navy submarines break ice on regular basis<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebarentsobserver.com/ru/bezopasnost/2017/12/krupneyshaya-v-mire-apl-krushit-lyod|title=Крупнейшая в мире АПЛ крушит лёд}}</ref><ref name="ens.mil.ru"/> and have developed special weapons to break ice in order to fire [[SLBM]]s, first time tested in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iz.ru/965164/aleksei-ramm-bogdan-stepovoi/v-potolok-ledianoi-podlodki-probiut-polyniu-dlia-vsplytiia-raketoi|title = В потолок ледяной: подлодки пробьют полынью для всплытия ракетой|date = 24 January 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:Borei-class submarines]]
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Latest revision as of 18:52, 15 November 2024

Knyaz Vladimir during sea trials in February 2019
History
Russia
NameKnyaz Vladimir
NamesakePrince Vladimir
BuilderSevmash
Laid down30 July 2012
Launched17 November 2017
Commissioned12 June 2020[1]
StatusIn active service[1]
General characteristics
Class and typeBorei-class submarine
Displacement
  • 14,720 t (14,488 long tons) surfaced
  • 24,000 t (23,621 long tons) submerged
Length170 m (557 ft 9 in)
Beam13.5 m (44 ft 3 in)
Draught10 m (32 ft 10 in)
Propulsion
Speed25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)
Complement130 officers and men
Armament

K-549 Knyaz Vladimir (Russian: АПЛ Князь Владимир) is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, and the first upgraded Borei-A (Project 955A) unit to enter service with the Russian Navy. The submarine is named after Knyaz Vladimir the Great.

History

[edit]
Nuclear submarine Prince Vladimir in the Gulf of Finland. July 9, 2021

Project 955A was developed by the Rubin Design Bureau, and the chief designer was Sergey Kovalev. The keel was expected to have been laid down in 2010 but this was delayed until July 2012 because of a price dispute between the Russian MOD and the United Shipbuilding Corporation.[citation needed]

Knyaz Vladimir is the first unit of the Project 955A sub-class and will differ by several modifications from the previous units of the project 955. These modifications will include major structural changes, reduced acoustic signature, and more modern communication equipment. While initially reported to have four more (20 in total) launch tubes, the 955A includes 16 missile tubes same as the project 955.[2][3] The submarine will be armed with the newest Russian submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM), the RSM-56 Bulava. Knyaz Vladimir and its sister ships will eventually replace the Soviet-era Delta and Typhoon-class submarines in the Russian Navy.

Knyaz Vladimir was floated out on 17 November 2017,[4] and began the first stage of factory trials by late November 2018.[5] The submarine returned to Sevmash in early 2019 and was to begin a second stage of factory trials by late June 2019.[6] On 22 October 2019, Aleksandr Moiseyev, commander in chief of the Northern Fleet, stated that Knyaz Vladimir is expected to complete its sea trials by the end of the year. According to Moiseyev, completion of the sea trials is to be accompanied by the launch of a Bulava missile.[7] On 29 October, the submarine conducted a successful Bulava launch from a submerged position in the White Sea.[8][9]

According to TASS' defense industry sources, commissioning of the Knyaz Vladimir has been delayed until the first quarter of 2020 due to a number of detected deficiencies.[10] The following Komsomolskaya Pravda report, citing Alexei Rakhmanov, President of the USC, has specified the commissioning period as "end of January" 2020.[11]

On 28 May 2020, Knyaz Vladimir was accepted by Ministry of Defence of Russia[12] and was commissioned into service with the Russian Navy on 12 June 2020.[1] With a pennant number K-549, the submarine is part of the 31st Submarine Division at the Northern Fleet.

On 26 March 2021, an unprecedented operation took place in the Arctic Ocean, as Knyaz Vladimir, and two Delta IV-class ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) together armed with 48 SLBMs[13] surfaced simultaneously from under the ice with precision in a limited space with a radius of 300 meters for the first time in the history of the Russian Navy and former Soviet navy and in the world.[14] The operation was part of the Umka-2021 exercise. The ice of 1.5 meters thickness was broken firing a torpedo.[15] Russian Northern Fleet subs train all the time under ice conditions[16][17][18][19] including cruising under Arctic and as a part of training they learn how to find or make holes with a torpedo in ice in order to surface and dive. Russian navy submarines break ice on regular basis[20][19] and have developed special weapons to break ice in order to fire SLBMs, first time tested in 2014.[21]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "В День России в состав Военно-Морского Флота торжественно принят новейший ракетный подводный крейсер стратегического назначения проекта "Борей-А" "Князь Владимир"" (Press release) (in Russian). Ministry of Defence of Russia. 12 June 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  2. ^ "SSBN Yury Dolgoruky completed sea trials". rusnavy.com. 28 September 2010. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  3. ^ "Новые АПЛ "Борей-А" будут вооружены 16, а не 20 "Булавами"". ria.ru. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Russia floats out 4th Borei-class strategic nuclear submarine". TASS. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  5. ^ "Атомный подводный ракетный крейсер "Князь Владимир" вышел на заводские ходовые испытания". bmpd.livejournal.com. 1 December 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  6. ^ "Russia's advanced Borei-A submarine to enter 2nd stage of shipbuilders' trials — source". TASS. 14 June 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  7. ^ "АПЛ "Князь Владимир" в 2019 году выполнит стрельбу "Булавой"". TASS (in Russian). 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  8. ^ "Russia's First Upgraded Borei-Class Submarine Test Fires Bulava Ballistic Missile". The Diplomat. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
  9. ^ "Подводный крейсер "Князь Владимир" провел испытания ракетного комплекса "Булава"" (in Russian). Ministry of Defence (Russia). 29 October 2019. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
  10. ^ "Источник: передача в состав ВМФ атомной подлодки "Князь Владимир" перенесена на 2020 год" (in Russian). TASS. 30 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  11. ^ "Первую подлодку "Князь Владимир" класса "Борей-А" передадут ВМФ до конца января" (in Russian). Komsomolskaya Pravda. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
  12. ^ "Подписан приемный акт атомной подводной лодки "Князь Владимир"" (Press release) (in Russian). Sevmash. 28 May 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  13. ^ "Russia's latest nuclear-powered sub proves its worth in Arctic ice, says Navy chief". TASS. 13 April 2021.
  14. ^ "Three Russian submarines surface and break Arctic ice during drills". Reuters. 26 March 2021.
  15. ^ "Атомная подлодка провела торпедную стрельбу из-подо льда в Арктике". tass.ru (in Russian). 26 March 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  16. ^ "ТК-20". deepstorm.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  17. ^ "К-84, Екатеринбург, фотография 2 :: Русский Подплав ::".
  18. ^ "Экипажи атомных подводных лодок Северного флота готовятся к подлёдному плаванию в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации".
  19. ^ a b "Подводники Северного флота отработали ледовую подготовку в Арктике : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации".
  20. ^ "Крупнейшая в мире АПЛ крушит лёд".
  21. ^ "В потолок ледяной: подлодки пробьют полынью для всплытия ракетой". 24 January 2020.
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