1923 Albanian parliamentary election: Difference between revisions
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The '''Albanian parliamentary election of 1923''' was the thirth election held in [[Albania]]. |
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{{Infobox legislative election |
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| country = Principality of Albania |
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| type = parliamentary |
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| previous_election = [[1921 Albanian parliamentary election|1921]] |
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| next_election = [[1925 Albanian parliamentary election|1925]] |
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| seats_for_election = All 102 seats in the [[Assembly of Albania| Assembly]] |
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| majority_seats = 52 |
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| election_date = November–December 1923 |
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| nopercentage = yes |
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| first_election = yes |
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| party1 = Zogu faction |
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| colour1 = #FFFF05 |
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| leader1 = [[Zog I|Ahmed Zogu]] |
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| seats1 = 44 |
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| party2 = [[Opposition (politics)|Opposition]] |
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| colour2 = #67BB31 |
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| leader2 = |
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| seats2 = 39 |
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| party3 = Independents |
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| leader3 = – |
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| seats3 = 19 |
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| title = [[Prime Minister of Albania|Prime Minister]] |
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| posttitle = Prime Minister after the election |
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| before_election = [[Zog I| Ahmet Zogu]] |
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| after_election = [[Zog I| Ahmet Zogu]] |
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}}{{Politics of Albania}} |
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Constituent Assembly elections were held in [[Albania]] in November and December 1923,<ref>Kosta Barjaba 2004) ''Albania's Democratic Elections, 1991-1997: Analyses, Documents and Data'', p28</ref><ref>Robert Elsie (2010) [https://books.google.com/books?id=6inIiCF_930C&pg=PA105 ''Historical Dictionary of Albania''] p105</ref> with the second round taking place on 27 December.<ref name=RCA/> |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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During 1923 tensions had been building between religious groups, with Christians unhappy at former Ottoman officials continuing to take advantage of their position and taxes from the wealthier Christian parts of the country subsidising a government led by the Muslim [[Ahmet Zogu]].<ref name=MV>Miranda Vickers (2011) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vtQABAAAQBAJ&pg=PT74 The Albanians: A Modern History]'', pp73–74</ref> Following several political assassinations, in August Zogu agreed to a Constituent Assembly being elected later in the year.<ref name=MV/> |
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On September 1923 elections for the Constitutional Assemble were held. In intention not to be created the idea of manipulation of the election. In the parliament was proposed that [[Zogu]] not to have both posts and to be replaced by [[Sejfi Vllamasi]] as Interior Minister, what was seen as reasonable. Four different groups were created. Zogu created its own group which was usually called the Zogist group. The Liberal Opposition won 36 seats, the Zogists wan 26 seats, the Popular Party (also known as "Clique") wan 20 seats, and 14 seats were wan by independent contestants that created together a group headed by [[Iljaz Vrioni]]. The Zogists created an alliance with the Clique. |
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==Results== |
==Results== |
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Zogu's faction won 44 seats and opposition candidates 39. The 19 independent candidates, most of whom were conservative, gave their support to Zogu, allowing him to form a government.<ref name=RCA>Robert Clegg Austin (2012) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Mwi137osWhMC&pg=PA36 Founding a Balkan State: Albania's Experiment with Democracy, 1920-1925]'', University of Toronto Press, pp36–37</ref> |
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{{electiontable|Albanian parliamentary election, 1923}}'''Summary of the 1923 [[Assembly of the Republic of Albania|Assembly]] of the [[Principality of Albania]] election results |
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<br> |
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(''Final results'') |
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!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" rowspan=1|Parties |
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!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" rowspan=1|Seats |
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|align=left|Zogist group (''[[Balli Kombetar]]'') |
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|align="right" |26 |
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|- |
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|align=left|Liberal Opposition |
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|align="right" |36 |
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|- |
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|align=left|Popular Party (''also known as Clique'') |
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|align="right" |1 |
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|- |
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|align=left|Independent (''Pavarur'') |
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|align="right" |14 |
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|- |
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|colspan="8"|Source: <ref>http://www.albaniainbrief.com/Albanian%20History/1920-1925%20Main%20Events.htm</ref> |
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However, opposition parties alleged there had been electoral fraud, claiming that their strong performance in the first round of voting should have led to them winning a majority in the second round.<ref name=RCA/> The ''Dielli'' newspaper reported that the government had terrorised the electors into voting for their candidates.<ref name=RCA/> |
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==Aftermatch== |
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The opposition requested the resignation of Zog's government. Its opponents organized an attack to assassinate Zogu, in which one he was wounded. A new government was created with [[Shefqet Verlaci]] as Prime Minister and Zogu as Interior Minister. The tensions between the new government and the opposition got worse. On April 1924 the opposition's deputy [[Avni Rrustemi]] was assassinated. There were rumors that he has been behind the attempt on Zog's life. The opposition accused the government and Zog personally for that assassination. They manipulated the commanders of two main regiments of National Army, located in Shkodra and Gjirokastra, Rexhep Shala and Kasem Qafezezi and started a war against the government, and on 10 of June 1924 they overthrew the government and took the power. [[Fan Noli]] became Prime Minister, [[Sylejman Delvina]]-foreign affairs minister, [[Rexhep Shala]]-defence minister, and [[Kasem Qafezezi]]-interior minister. The government leaders went in exile in [[Yugoslavia]], [[Italy]], [[Greece]],etc. The new government failed in starting to apply its program, especially in promised reforms, and very soon started to loose its credibility. |
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==Aftermath== |
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On 10 December 1924 [[Ahmet Zogu]] with his supporters entered [[Albania]] from Yugoslavia) and started a war against [[Fan Noli]] government's forces. On 24 December he reached [[Tirana]], paying back Noli's government what they did 5-6 months before to them. Noli and other leaders went in exile, outside the country. Who didn't, got captured, punished, and some of them as [[Bajram Curri]] were assassinated. A new government with [[Iliaz Vrioni]] as Prime Minister was created on 6th of January 1925. |
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The new parliament convened for the first time on 21 January 1924.<ref>[https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/albania-1913-present/ 13. Albania (1913-present)] University of Central Arkansas</ref> Although Zogu was narrowly re-elected as Prime Minister, he resigned two weeks later, allowing [[Shefqet Vërlaci]] to become head of government.<ref name=MV/> |
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On 21of January 1925 the Constitutional Assemble of 1923, with 64 Zog's supporters who remained in the country, held a meeting and declared Albania republic and [[Ahmet Zog]] as its President. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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<references/> |
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{{Albanian elections}} |
{{Albanian elections}} |
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[[Category:November 1923 events|Albania]] |
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[[Category:December 1923 events|Albania]] |
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[[Category:Zog I]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:58, 16 November 2024
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All 102 seats in the Assembly 52 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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 Albania |
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Albania in November and December 1923,[1][2] with the second round taking place on 27 December.[3]
Background
[edit]During 1923 tensions had been building between religious groups, with Christians unhappy at former Ottoman officials continuing to take advantage of their position and taxes from the wealthier Christian parts of the country subsidising a government led by the Muslim Ahmet Zogu.[4] Following several political assassinations, in August Zogu agreed to a Constituent Assembly being elected later in the year.[4]
Results
[edit]Zogu's faction won 44 seats and opposition candidates 39. The 19 independent candidates, most of whom were conservative, gave their support to Zogu, allowing him to form a government.[3]
However, opposition parties alleged there had been electoral fraud, claiming that their strong performance in the first round of voting should have led to them winning a majority in the second round.[3] The Dielli newspaper reported that the government had terrorised the electors into voting for their candidates.[3]
Aftermath
[edit]The new parliament convened for the first time on 21 January 1924.[5] Although Zogu was narrowly re-elected as Prime Minister, he resigned two weeks later, allowing Shefqet Vërlaci to become head of government.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Kosta Barjaba 2004) Albania's Democratic Elections, 1991-1997: Analyses, Documents and Data, p28
- ^ Robert Elsie (2010) Historical Dictionary of Albania p105
- ^ a b c d Robert Clegg Austin (2012) Founding a Balkan State: Albania's Experiment with Democracy, 1920-1925, University of Toronto Press, pp36–37
- ^ a b c Miranda Vickers (2011) The Albanians: A Modern History, pp73–74
- ^ 13. Albania (1913-present) University of Central Arkansas
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